HomeMy WebLinkAbout2003-3099.Cahill.05-08-11 Decision
Crown Employees Commission de ~~
Grievance Settlement reglement des griefs
Board des employes de la
Couronne
~-,...
Suite 600 Bureau 600 Ontario
180 Dundas Sl. West 180 rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto Ontario M5G 1Z8 Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388 Tel. (416) 326-1388
Fax (416) 326-1396 Telec. (416) 326-1396
GSB# 2003-3099
UNION# OLB606/03
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontano LIqUor Boards Employees' Umon
(CahIll) Union
- and -
The Crown In RIght of Ontano
(LIqUor Control Board of Ontano) Employer
BEFORE Nimal V DIssanayake Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNION Kourosh Farrokhzad
Engelmann Gotthell
Bamsters and SOlICItorS
FOR THE EMPLOYER Dan Palayew
Ogllvy Renault
Bamsters & SOlICItorS
HEARING March 15 July 12, 13 November 15 16 2004
February 24 25 June 15 16 July 29 2005
2
DeCISIon
This decision relates to a discharge grlevance dated
November 19, 2003 filed by Mr Patrick Cahill ("grievor") The
grlevor started with the LCBO as a casual Customer Service
Representative (CSR) In October 1983 and became permanent In
1986 In April 2003 he was promoted to the Store Manager level
1 position He held the position of Store Manager at the LCBO
store in Morrisburg, Ontario, at the time of his discharge The
discharge letter dated November 13, 2003 signed by District
Manager Mr Rick Wood reads
Further to my correspondence on July 9, July
25, August 1, August 11, October 2 and October
15, as well as the meetings held with you and
your Union Representatives, Bruce Guilbeault,
Elie Naufal and Mike Stanton on November 10,
2003, the LCBO has now had the opportunity to
reVlew the information it has at the present
time
As a result of your actions related to these
matters and after consideration of all the
information available, I must conclude that
disciplinary action is warranted in the form of
termination for just cause, effective
immediately
Furthermore, your criminal conviction and
attitude are incompatible with your position
As a Store Manager, you hold a position of
trust which has been irrevocably breached
3
through your actions Anyone of these matters
alone would be sufficient to support our
decision to terminate your employment
Accordingly, you are directed to return any and
all property of the LeBO that you may have In
your possesslon to my attention as soon as
possible
While the letter of termination refers to the grievor's
"criminal conviction and attitude" being incompatible with his
position, at arbitration the conviction (for driving while his
licence was under suspenSlon pending a charge of drunk driving)
was not put forward as part of the just cause for his discharge
The employer's position at arbitration was that anyone of three
incidents of misconduct by the grlevor was just cause for his
termination In the alternative, it was submitted that the
conduct when combined constituted just cause for termination
The allegations against the grlevor fall into 3
categories
(1 ) That the grlevor engaged In sexual harassment by
making inappropriate comments at work
(2 ) That the grlevor requested a casual employee during
work hours to purchase a quantity of marijuana for him
4
(3) That the grlevor, while on paid time, supplied a
contractor's crew with alcohol, and consumed alcohol himself
with the crew at the store to a point of intoxication
My first task lS to make factual findings with regard to
each of the above allegations
Sexual harassment
In May 2003 a casual employee at the Morrisburg Store,
Ms Michelle Urquhart brought to the attention of Mr Rick Wood,
the District Manager, a number of comments of a sexual nature
the grlevor had allegedly made at work Mr Wood advised Ms
Urquhart to contact the unlon and make notes of the incidents
On June 4, 2003 Ms Urquhart filed a grlevance against the
employer alleging a violation of article 2 1 (b) The grlevance
was settled on July 23, 2003 with the employer undertaking to
fully investigate Ms Urquhart's allegations of sexual
harassment A Notice of Intended Discipline (NOID) dated July
9, 2003 had been issued to the grlevor informing him that
disciplinary action may be taken against him "as a result of
alleged inappropriate comments made to a female employee by
yourself on numerous occasions" On July 13 the grlevor
responded, essentially stating that any comments he may have
made to the female employee were made In "a good sprit tone" and
5
not in bad faith, and also suggesting that the employee may have
been motivated to complain because of a dispute she had with him
In relation to the number of hours of work the grievor had glven
her
At the time of the alleged comments by the grlevor, he
was the manager of the Morrisburg store Ms Urquhart was one of
two casual employees who worked under him She testified that
from the time the grlevor arrived as manager in April 2003, she
felt very uncomfortable gOlng to work because of the frequent
comments the grlevor made towards women, and particularly to
her She testified about the following alleged incidents
(1 ) One day at work, the grlevor asked her if she had
just had a hair cut She said "no" He commented, " you look
like trash"
(2 ) On another occasion, in the presence of a male sales
representative who was visiting the store, the grlevor called
her over and handed a glow-stick and asked her if she knew what
it lS used for She said, "No " He responded, "Maybe you can
take it home and find different ways of using it "
(3) The grlevor often talked about always having a woman
lined up every day
6
(4 ) One day a young girl came into the store and was
talking to the grlevor Once she had left, the grlevor said
"Michelle, she lS the next on the chopping block She like me "
(5) One day she met the grlevor In the LCBO Store
parking lot He told her that a girl had come to the store and
that she had "big hooters"
( 6) Ms Urquhart heard the grlevor on the office phone
calling a girl named Judy The first thing he told her was,
"Where lS my blow job?" Ms Urquhart left the office shaking
her head in disgust
Ms Urquhart testified that she did not complain to the
grlevor directly because she did not think it would make any
difference and was unsure how he would react Instead he spoke
to Mr Wood and to unlon representative, Ms Shelly Churchill
She provided written notes about the alleged comments to both of
them
Under cross-examination, Ms Urquhart agreed that as a
result of the grievor's interpretation of what constituted a
split shift under the collective agreement, she was not paid for
several hours of work she had done She grieved it, and during
the grlevance procedure, Mr Wood disagreed with the grievor's
7
interpretation Her grlevance was resolved and she got paid for
the hours in question
In chief, the grlevor unequivocally denied that he had
told Ms Urquhart that she looked like trash Similarly he
denied the comment attributed to him In allegation 2, and In
fact denied even having seen the glow-stick before it was filed
as an exhibit at arbitration He denied allegation 3 and
explained that he did not associate with anyone In Morrisburg
He said, "I go to work and get back to my hotel "
With regard to allegation ( 6) , unlon counsel asked if
the grlevor recalled making that statement on the phone and he
simply answered, "No " Allegations 4 and 5 were not addressed
in chief
Under cross-examination, employer counsel reviewed Ms
Urquhart's testimony on the "glow-stick" incident and asked,
"Did it happen?" The reply was "No " When asked "So, she lS
lying?", the grlevor stated "Obviously " Counsel asked, "What
motivation do you think she will have to lie?" and the grlevor
replied, "Jus t to build a case against me " Counsel then
confronted the grlevor with a written statement provided by Mr
Peter Hagerman, a Sales Representative from Bacardi Canada Inc ,
8
In which he In essence confirmed that he witnessed the incident
as alleged by Ms Urquhart, and asked if Mr Hagerman was lying
also The grlevor answered, "Yes " When asked what the
motivation would be for a Bacardi rep to lie, the grlevor
replied "No idea "
In cross-examination, counsel referred to the response
the grlevor had provided to a NOID the employer had issued "as a
result of alleged inappropriate comments made to a female
customer" In part, the grlevor wrote, "As for alleged
inappropriate, did I say something or did I not Was it taken
wrong or did she assume something? Or wish?" Employer counsel
repeatedly asked what the grlevor meant by "or wish" The
grlevor did not answer the question Instead he suggested that
he was getting all these allegations because the "townspeople"
were trying to "railroad me out of town" He signed his
response to the NOID as "New kid In town" He denied he had
done anything wrong Then the following exchange ensued
Q Was this customer also trying to run you
out of town?
A Maybe
Q What about Peter Hagerman, the Bacardi
Rep?
A Yes
Q Michelle Urquhart?
A Yes
Q eam Maclennan?
9
A Yes
Q Was Rick Wood trying to run you out of
town?
A Very possible
Q So everyone was trying to run you out of
town?
A Not everyone I met some good contacts
also
Q So some people liked you?
A Yes
Q But the others were trying to run you
out of town?
A That's my feeling
On the basis of the evidence I have no hesitation
concluding that the grlevor engaged In each of the alleged
incidents of misconduct alleged The glow-stick incident was
witnessed by Mr Hagerman Mr Cam Maclennan, a casual CSR
testified that he witnessed the "You look like trash" comment
I did not find the grlevor to be credible By his conduct the
grlevor engaged In verbal sexual harassment, which has no place
In the workplace It was culpable conduct which clearly
justified a disciplinary response from the employer
The Marijuana incident
This incident took place In February, 2003 at the LCBO
Store In Barrhaven, Ontario It was a small store with a
workforce consisting of the grlevor as Senior Full-time CSR and
two casual employees, Kyle Higgins and Mary Sue Cardill Since
10
there was no store manager, the grlevor ran the shifts In his
capacity as Senior Full-time CSR
It lS unnecessary to review all of the detailed evidence
tendered by Ms Cardill and Mr Higgins because the grlevor
admits that he did ask Mr Higgins to purchase a quantity of
marlJuana during the shift that night The evidence indicates
that the grlevor did a "cash back" uSlng his debit card and
handed an amount of cash to Mr Higgins Mr Higgins left the
store, met an acquaintance at a Tim Hortons, and purchased some
marlJuana He brought it back, and put it under a jacket on the
seat of grievor's car, which was parked In the LCBO parking lot
At some point, the grlevor brought the marlJuana into the store
and split it up inside the washroom There lS no allegation
that the grlevor smoked any of it The disputed lssues are
whether the grlevor obtained the marlJuana at the request of a
sick friend, who had told him that marlJuana would provide her
some relief, whether he told Mr Higgins that it was for a
friend, and whether the grlevor kept after Mr Higgins asking
him three times to get him some marijuana
I find no evidence which casts doubt on the grievor's
testimony that he wanted marijuana for a friend and not for his
personal use There lS no evidence that the grlevor was a user
11
of marlJuana Moreover, Mr Higgins received a NOID for his
role In this incident In his response to the NOID dated August
1, 2003, Mr Higgins wrote, " he mentioned to me that he was
interested in purchasing some marlJuana for a friend of his "
However, I do find that the grlevor was persistent with Mr
Higgins The first time the grlevor asked Mr Higgins to buy
some marlJuana, Mr Higgins said, "It's stupid" , and did not
agree It was when the grlevor asked for the third time that
Mr Higgins finally agreed
Even accepting that the grlevor did not obtain the
marlJuana for his personal use, it was still a serlOUS
misconduct on his part to use his influence on a casual employee
to purchase an illicit drug on his behal f, and to bring such
illicit drug into LCBO premlses Such conduct was totally
incompatible with his status as an employee of the LCBO,
particularly one who for all intents was In charge of the store
Just cause for discipline was certainly warranted by the
grievor's conduct
The alcohol incident
The grlevor, as well as a number of employer witnesses,
testified about this incident However, all of that detailed
evidence need not be reviewed here The evidence lS that on or
12
about May 29, 2003 a 3-man crew from a contracted company,
Briteway Building Maintenance, had come to the Morrisburg LCBO
store to strip and wax the floor The grlevor was the manager
of the store The work was done after the store closed for the
day The grlevor remained on duty In order to supervlse the
Briteway crew The crew consisted of Mr Scott Bertrand
(Briteway owner's son) , Mr Cole Eden and Mr Ron Hutt Mr
Bertrand and Mr Eden were approximately 20 years old The
grlevor admits that he served the three crewmembers beer that
night and that he joined In the drinking He also admits that
when LCBO employee, Mr Cam Maclennan dropped In to bring a fan
to help with the drying of the floor, he offered beer to him and
that he declined
The maln conflict between the grlevor and the employer
witnesses was about the amount of alcohol consumed that night
Mr Bertrand testified that while waiting for the floor to dry
between coats of wax, he personally consumed 8 to 12 cans of
beer between 11 30 P m and 1 30 am, and that the grlevor and
Mr Eden probably had the same quantity, because "we kept up
with each other" According to Mr Bertrand, Mr Hutt had left
with the truck around 12 30 a m because he had too much to
drink Mr Bertrand testified that around 1 30 a m the
grlevor, Mr Eden and himself went to Nick's Sports Bar across
13
the street At Nick's each of them had a couple of more beers
while playing pool Then they returned to the store The
grlevor came up with a "mickey" of Fireball, a 33 percent proof
spirit The three of them had 3 shots of fireball each Mr
Bertrand testified that by the time his mother picked him up
around 4 00 am, each of them (himself, Mr Eden and the
grievor) had consumed 15 to 16 beers and 3 shots of Fireball
Mr Bertrand testified that he felt more comfortable drinking
because he was In the company of the store manager He
testified that all three were intoxicated
During cross-examination Mr Bertrand was questioned
about the drinking However, his evidence as to the quantity
consumed was not challenged He agreed that the Fireball may
have been a 200 ml bottle While confirming that all three were
intoxicated, Mr Bertrand agreed with counsel that they were not
severely intoxicated He reiterated that each had consumed 15
to 16 beers and 3 shots of Fireball
The grievor's evidence as to the amount of alcohol
consumed was dramatically different He testified that he had
purchased a 24-pack of beer earlier In the day He plugged In
the store wine-cooler and put a 6-pack of beer to chill After
the crew had applied the first coat of wax, they sat In the back
14
waiting for the floor to dry At that time, the grlevor offered
the three workers a beer He explained that from past
experlence he believed that a "little hospitality helps to get a
better job done " At about 9 15 P m the 4 of them had one can
of beer each Then they each had another beer while eating some
sandwiches According to the grlevor the Fireball was consumed
at this time Thus it was shared between the four, with each
getting 50 ml In a little sampling glass He explained that
Fireball was a new product and each had "a little taste" of it
Then Mr Hutt left After the 3d coat of wax had been applied,
they had another beer each
The grlevor testified that each had a beer for every
coat of wax Thus by the time, the 3d coat of wax was completed
around midnight, the grlevor, Mr Bertrand and Mr Eden had each
consumed 3 beers Mr Hutt had left after having two beers
Then the 4th coat of wax was applied While waiting for that to
dry, the three of them decided to go over to Nick's Sport Bar to
play pool The grlevor testified that while playing two games
of pool he had one beer but did not even finish it However,
Mr Bertrand and Mr Eden had no alcohol at Nicks because they
were asked for identification and they had none They returned
to the LeBO store and a fifth coat of wax was applied, after
15
which the crew packed up Around 3 30 a m Mr Bertrand called
his mother for a ride home
According to the grlevor, out of the 24-pack, between
the four of them, 17 to 18 cans of beer had been consumed by
3 30 a m In addition, each had approximately 50 ml of
Fireball The grlevor denied that anyone was intoxicated
because each had at most 4 or 5 beers plus the taste of Fireball
over a long period from 9 30 P m to 3 30 a m
There are many conflicts between the grievor's testimony
and that of Mr Bertrand Most significantly, Mr Bertrand
testified that he, the grlevor and Mr Eden had consumed 15 to
16 beers each According to the grlevor the four of them In
total consumed only 17 to 18 beers that night Mr Bertrand
testified that at the time the Fireball was served Mr Hutt had
already left, and that the remalnlng three had 3 shots of
Fireball each Also Mr Bertrand testified that he and Mr Eden
did have beer at Nick's Sports Bar Finally Mr Bertrand
testified that he, Mr Eden as well as the grlevor were
intoxicated
During cross-examination the grlevor stated that In the
past, he had seen other store managers and assistant managers
16
provide hospitality as he did, and added, "The difference lS
they didn't get caught I guess I did " He stated that he got
caught because someone "squealed" on him He explained that his
hospitality In fact benefited the LeBO because it got 5 coatings
of wax when the contract required only 4 Employer counsel
asked if In his mind what he did was "fine" The grlevor
replied, "yes and no Yes because it was a hospitality and
shouldn't have exploded as it did As for the 'no' , I was
drinking on company premlses " At first he disagreed that he
was on company time, but agreed later that he was being paid
during the time In question The grlevor was confronted with
Mr Bertrand's testimony as to the amount of alcohol consumed
and asked if Mr Bertrand was lying The grlevor replied "yes"
He also replied "yes" when asked if Mr Bertrand was wrong when
he said that all of them were drunk
I find on the evidence that on the night in question the
amounts consumed were as described by Mr Bertrand He was an
uninterested witness, who had not met the grlevor prlor to or
Slnce the night In question and testified under summons During
his cross-examination his testimony as to the quantity of
alcohol consumed was not challenged He could not have had any
motive to lie about the amount of alcohol, unlike the grlevor
who had much to by . . . . the amount of consumption
galn mlnlmlzlng
17
Besides, Mr Bertrand's mother, Mrs Heather Bertrand, also
testifying under summons as an uninterested third party, clearly
contradicted the grievor's testimony She testified that all
three (the two crew members and the grievor) were drunk when she
came to take her son home around 4 00 a m She testified that
she could smell alcohol on them, that their speech was slurred
and they were acting silly She had no doubts about the fact
that they were drunk and was quite upset with her son
I find that the grlevor served alcohol to the crew In
LeBO premises and while he was on duty He himself participated
In the drinking and was In a state of intoxication Even though
the store was closed to the public at the time, his conduct was
clearly culpable and contrary to policy His conduct was even
more unbecoming because he was the store manager
In summary, I have concluded that just cause for
discipline has been established with regard to each of the three
incidents relied upon by the employer I agree with the
employer that In each incident the grlevor engaged In serlOUS
misconduct Sexual harassment, even if only verbal, has no
place In the workplace The employer's published policies made
that clear Similarly, particularly considering the position of
authority the grlevor held as Store Manager or Senior Full-time
18
CSR runnlng the store, his conduct In relation to the purchase
of marlJuana and the consumption of alcohol was also serlOUS
This lS more so considering the business the LCBO lS engaged In
The lssue lS whether In all of the circumstances, his misconduct
was sufficient cause for the ultimate penalty of discharge
Prior to considering that lssue, I observe that the
unlon appeared to suggest that the trauma the grlevor had
suffered when he was held at gun-point during the robbery of a
LCBO store may have caused, or contributed to the grievor's
misconduct I find no merit In that suggestion which lS not
substantiated by any evidence Similarly, I find the grievor's
implication that Ms Urquhart had fabricated or exaggerated
allegations of sexual harassment because of her dispute with him
about the split shift lssue to be totally unfounded An
uninterested witness, the sales representative from Bacardi
clearly corroborated Ms Urquhart's testimony with regard to the
glow-stick comment Mr Maclennan corroborated the "You look
like trash" comment While the grlevor did not directly assert
this, there was some insinuation that the grlevor may be
addicted to alcohol and that this addiction may have contributed
to some or all of the grievor's misconduct I find no evidence
to support any such conclusion The evidence does not establish
that the grlevor was an alcoholic, or that any addiction
19
contributed to any of the incidents In question Specifically I
find that there lS no evidence, medical or otherwise, indicating
that the grlevor was entitled to accommodation by the employer
On the other hand, the unfounded claims by the grlevor of
lmproper motivation - such as people trying to run him out of
town, and others building a case against him - causes me to
doubt the grievor's credibility and honesty generally
The union's prlmary position was that the discharge
imposed on the grlevor should be declared void on the grounds
that the employer had unreasonably delayed confronting the
grievor with the allegations against him Union counsel pointed
out that the first alleged sexual comment attributed to the
grlevor occurred on May 17, 2003 He was confronted only on
July 9, 2003 The marlJuana incident occurred In February 2003
and came to the employer's attention in April 2003 The grlevor
was first confronted on August 11, 2003 The alcohol incident
was in May 2003 The grlevor was confronted only on August 11,
2003 Citing Re AGF Industries Ltd , (1998) , 75 LAC (4th) 336
(Herlich) and Re Delta Chelsea Hotel, (2002 ) 111 LAC ( 4th) 22
(Surdykowski) counsel submitted that the employer's delay In
confronting the grlevor with the allegations "prejudiced his
ability to provide a full answer to the allegations"
20
Re Delta Chelsea Hotel (supra) lS distinguishable from
the case before me There article 12 01 of the collective
agreement specifically provided that after the employer becomes
aware of an incident it "has a reasonable period of time to
investigate the matter" Not surprisingly, the arbitrator held
that the provlslon gave employees a substantive right, and
observed at p 32 "The question In this case lS whether the
hotel took more than a reasonable period of time to investigate
the alleged misconduct on January 18, 2002, such that the
grlevor was denied her substantive rights under clause 12 01"
In the present case, no similar substantive right under the
collective agreement exists
Nevertheless, there lS general arbitral authority
supporting principle that undue delay . . discipline
a In lmposlng
may In certain circumstances render the discipline voidable
See, Re AFG Industries Ltd (Supra) However, before that
principle lS applied a number of factors must be considered
Thus, arbitrator Herlich, after revlewlng a number of
authorities concludes at p 34 "Thus, and described more
broadly, the factors to be considered include the length of
delay, the reasons for delay and its prejudicial effect
21
A reVlew of the evidence indicates that there was some
reasonable explanation for at least some of the delay For
example, with regard to the marlJuana incident, the evidence lS
that Ms Cardill took some time to decide whether she should
bring her observations to the employer's attention As soon as
she did so, she went off sick over an extended period The
evidence lS that the employer attempted several times to meet
with her, but could not because she was still away
In any event, even if the employer had no reasonable
excuse for the delay, this lS not an appropriate case to void
the discipline imposed In Re AGF Industries, the delay lssue
was argued as a preliminary motion before any evidence on the
grlevance had been received Arbitrator Herlich held as a
matter of principle that even In the absence of evidence of
actual prejudice, prejudice resulting from the delay can be
inferred or presumed I agree that In certain cases that lS so
Indeed arbitrator Herlich quotes from two such cases In Re Via
Rail Inc (M G Picher, October 14, 2988 ) the arbitrator wrote
It lS, In my vlew, prlma facie, inconsistent
with the exerClse of an employer's authority to
lmpose discipline to delay any communication
whatever respecting the incident .. . to
glvlng rlse
the discipline to the employee concerned for a
period of close to three months From a
practical standpoint the employee lS put at a
22
severe disadvantage, as he or she may have no
recall of an event to which the employee
attached no particular significance at the time
but for which the Corporation as retained a
documented negative report from the outset
In Re Manitoba Pool Elevator Brandon Stockyards, (1993 )
35 LAC (4th) 276 at p 287, the arbitrator observed
I accept that reasonably expeditious discipline
lS a matter of general arbitral principle In
the present case, despite the absence of
evidence from the grlevor as to actual
prejudice, I would, if necessary, be prepared
to find prejudice, under the over-all
circumstances of this case Yard recelvlng
workers at the Brandon pool must deal with
numerous customers and numerous deliveries on a
daily basis To confront an employee with the
specifics of a single, brief encounter with a
customer eight and a half months after the fact
lS inherently unfair and prejudicial
In Re AFG Industries itself, arbitrator Herlich was
prepared to infer prejudice with regard to some of the
allegations against the grlevor At p 344-45 he wrote
Turning then to the final general heading
what lS the impact of the delay In this case?
For various reasons the grlevor was advised, In
excess of four months after the fact, that on
two particular occaSlons he was observed
improperly smashing good glass and yelling
(allegations which his counsel advises us are
denied) The grievor's job involves separating
good glass from bad and placing the former on
23
pallets and . . that the latter
lnsurlng lS
directed to the cullet system The grlevor
spends his entire day "picking-off" sheets of
glass Bad glass lS regularly required to be
broken Notwithstanding Mr McFadden's
forceful and able argument to the contrary, it
appears to me that the nature of the
allegations against the grlevor are, by analogy
and for the purposes of this portion of the
lnqulry, similar to those In the Air Canada
case Essentially, it lS alleged that the
grlevor has performed an impropriety In
relation to the manner In which he has
conducted his duties - it lS asserted that one
(or In this case two) of a serles of similar
transactions has been deliberately mishandled
by the grlevor I have no hesitation In
concluding that to ask the grlevor, over four
months after the fact, to recall the two
specific transactions out of the many In the
interim, to ask him, for example, to recall
whether the breakage involved bad or, as
alleged, good glass lS simply unfair and
prejudicial
However, he immediately went on to distinguish between
different kinds of allegations as follows
In arrlvlng at this conclusion, I have
considered the nature of the allegations from a
very specific perspective If we ask someone
"were you hit by the truck four moths ago?" or
"did you rob the bank four months ago?", we do
not anticipate a response such as "I might
have, I don't recall - why didn't you ask me
sooner?" There are some events one simply does
not forget Similarly, as In the National
24
Grocers case, even when memory lS otherwise
faulty or unreliable, technology, such as
video, may provide a useful prod, or even
proxy, for faded recollection But where, as
here and In the Air Canada case, the stale
allegations relate to a variant of a function
which an employee regularly performs over and
over both daily and from day to day, it should
come as no surprlse that a prolonged delay In
bringing a specific and impugned transaction to
the employee's attention will have a growlng
negative impact on the employee's ability to
recollect what transpired at the relevant time
With regard to the allegations of sexual comments, apart
from the glow-stick incident, it may have been understandable if
the grlevor had testified that he had no recollection whether or
not he made the particular sexual comments However, the same
cannot be said with regard to the allegations relating to the
marlJuana and alcohol incidents Those are not routine events
The grlevor ought to be able to recall those events despite the
passage of time
However, In light of the grievor's own testimony, I
cannot infer prejudice with regard to any of the allegations In
the case before me, including the sexual comments As
arbitrator Herlich observed "obviously there lS a difference
between a case where there lS no actual evidence of prejudice
and one where it lS affirmatively established that no prejudice
25
has resulted from the delay" The present case falls into the
latter category As noted, at the time the delay lssue was
argued before me, I had received all of the evidence relating to
the grlevance, including the evidence of the grlevor The
uncontradicted evidence lS that the lssue of delay was not
raised by the grlevor or the unlon any time prlor to
arbitration With one exception, the grlevor had not claimed
that he had difficulty recalling any of the events In question
The one exception was In relation to alleged inappropriate
comments he made to a customer In his response to the NOID the
grlevor had indicated an inability to recall However, on the
stand In relation to the same event, the grlevor testified that
he clearly recalled the event In fact, he was cross-examined
as to how his memory was so vivid during testimony, when some
months earlier he had stated that he could not recall
In relation to each of three allegations - the sexual
comments, the marlJuana incident and the alcohol incident - the
grlevor did not indicate any difficulty recalling during his
evidence In chief He proceeded to testify, either denying the
allegations or glvlng his own verSlon of what occurred, with no
apparent difficulty In recalling events Moreover, during
cross-examination, with regard to each allegation, he was asked
explicitly how sure he was or how clear his recollection was
26
with regard to the marlJuana incident, the grlevor
insisted that he asked Mr Higgins only once (not three times as
Mr Higgins had testified) and denied that Mr Higgins had said,
"No, it's stupid " Then the following ensued
Q Your recollection is clear on that?
A Yes
Q This lS some 2~ years later, but your
recollection is clear?
A On this, yes
Q Your memory lS clear on what happened
that night?
A Yes
Q Except that you may have told Kyle
Higgins why you wanted the marijuana?
A Yes
Similarly he clearly denied the glow-stick comment as
well as the other alleged comments about which Ms Urquhart had
made notes and testified about At no time did he say that due
to passage of time he had difficulty recalling He not only
denied making the comments, but he claimed that all of those
allegations were a result of the desire by those making them, to
drive him out of town He asserted that Ms Urquhart had
fabricated the allegations In order to retaliate against him
because he had turned down her claimed hours of work
In relation to the alcohol incident, the grlevor clearly
disagreed with many aspects of the testimony of the employer
27
witnesses, some of which have been reviewed above During his
cross-examination, counsel pointed out that Mr Bertrand had
testified that that all three were drunk and that his mother had
also testified to the same effect Then the following exchange
occurred
Q So Mrs Bertrand lS also trying to run
you out of town?
A Who knows
Q It could be?
A Could be
Q There are many other conflicts between
your evidence and that of our witnesses
- are you sure your recollection lS
clear about that night?
Y Yes
Q Crystal clear?
Y Yes
Employer counsel ended his cross-examination by pointing
out to the grlevor that he had testified that his recollection
about the glow-stick incident and the alcohol incident was very
clear It was suggested to the grlevor that if his recollection
was so clear now, his recollection would have been just as clear
or better when he was first confronted with the allegations In
August 2003 and at the discipline meeting in November 2003 The
grievor agreed
It lS clearly established from the evidence,
specifically from the grievor's own testimony, that any delay on
28
the part of the employer has had no prejudicial effect on the
grievor's ability to respond to the allegations levelled against
him during the investigation stage or at arbitration
Therefore, on that basis alone, there lS no justification for
voiding the discipline
Now I turn to the union's alternate position that In all
of the circumstances the penalty of discharge was exceSSlve
This requlres an examination of the serlousness of the grievor's
culpable conduct and any mitigating factors The grlevor was a
long serVlce employee with just under 23 years of serVlce with
the LCBO The evidence lS that his performance has been
satisfactory or better, except In the last two years when he had
ratings of "needs improvement" His past record of discipline
(which is subject to a 3 year sunset clause) lS as follows
- A written reprimand dated September 18,
2001 for failure to report for a
scheduled shift without notice
- A written reprimand dated December 11,
2001 for tendering a transaction In
violation of LCBO policy
- A one-day suspenSlon without pay on
August 27, 2002 for a further failure to
report for a scheduled shift without
notice
- A written reprimand dated January 22,
2003 for failure to provide appropriate
documentation with respect to an absence
from work to attend court
29
It lS to be noted that none of the prlor instances of
discipline relate to the type of misconduct found In this case,
l e sexual comments, alcohol or drugs While there lS evidence
that he was counselled about inappropriate comments made to a
customer, no discipline had been imposed
As mitigating factors his long serVlce clearly favours
the grlevor While he does not have a clean discipline record,
the discipline he had In the past has been relatively mlnor
Three written reprimands and a one-day suspenSlon, none of which
involved the types of culpable conduct established In the
present case
On the other hand, I find militating against the
grlevor, his lack of true remorse and his lack of candour at
arbitration He denied wrongdoing In the face of overwhelming
and convlnclng evidence of his wrongdoing He was quick to
attribute ulterior motives - most of which I found to be totally
incredible - to those complaining against him When he did
admit wrongdoing, he attempted to mlnlmlze the gravity of his
conduct with untrue assertions and explanations Not once did
he acknowledge unqualified wrongdoing on his part
30
Union counsel submitted that the employer had engaged In
a bad faith attempt to justify the grievor's discharge by
delaying a decision and then "bundling up" three unrelated
incidents "Bad faith" implies an intentional strategy I have
no evidence that the employer intentionally delayed imposition
of discipline In order to accumulate a record which would
justify the grievor's discharge Nevertheless, it lS clear that
delay occurred The three incidents of misconduct happened over
a period of time Discipline was not imposed as the events
occurred Instead they were allowed to accumulate over a period
of time The principle of "progressive discipline" or
"corrective discipline", lS based on the theory that an employee
must be glven a chance to learn from and change his ways after
suffering the paln of discipline Had the grlevor been
disciplined promptly as the misconduct occurred, he would have
had that opportunity Even though the delay In imposition of
prompt discipline was not intentional, and mostly a result of
reasons beyond the control of the employer - I find that the way
the grievor's conduct was allowed to continue to accumulate
without any disciplinary sanction for a period of several
months, offends the logic behind the principle of progresslve
discipline
31
I do not find that the incidents of misconduct, taken In
isolation, justify the discharge of an employee with 23 years of
serVlce, who has had a prlor disciplinary record of three
written reprimands and a one day suspenSlon - all for unrelated
types of misconduct The fact lS that the grlevor had never
been previously disciplined for the types of misconduct
established In this case The most severe penalty he had
received lS a one-day suspenslon I find that the grlevor, In
these circumstances, has not received the benefit of progresslve
discipline
Having said that, I am In total agreement with employer
counsel, that the grlevor did not demonstrate true remorse for
his misconduct Nor was he truthful and honest at arbitration
However, despite the serlOUS concern I have as to whether or not
the grlevor has fully realized that he had engaged In serlOUS
misconduct, In all of the circumstances I find that discharge
was an exceSSlve penalty The grlevor should realize that any
further misconduct on his part would likely leave him with no
recourse It lS up to him to take responsibility If he feels
that his drinking lS affecting his conduct adversely as he
appeared to suggest, it is up to him to seek assistance
32
I wish to emphasize that my decision should not In any
way be seen as detracting from the serlousness of the grievor's
misconduct However, even In the face of a lack of true
remorse, I have considered the grievor's long serVlce of almost
23 years, the fact that his discipline record lS not
significant, that he has never been previously discipline for
the type of misconduct In lssue here, and most importantly that
the grlevor had not properly had the benefit of learning from
the receipt of progresslve discipline In those circumstances,
and still with some hesitation, I have decided to glve the
grlevor one last opportunity to salvage his career with the
LeBO, but on extremely strict terms Accordingly I order that
the grievor be reinstated in his employment forthwith subject to
the following conditions
1 The grievor's period of absence from the date of his
discharge to the date of his reinstatement pursuant to this
decision shall be noted on his record as a period of suspenSlon
without pay
2 That period of suspension will be without accrual of
seniority and without compensation for wages and any benefits
lost
33
3 The grlevor must maintain a discipline-free record
for a period of two years from the date of his reinstatement
Should he engage In misconduct In that period which glves cause
for any discipline, he shall be subject to immediate discharge
At any arbitration the only lssue would be whether or not he
engaged in misconduct that glve just cause for any discipline
I remaln seized with regard to the interpretation and
implementation of this decision
Dated this 11th day of August, 2005 at Toronto, Ontario