HomeMy WebLinkAboutP-2003-0799.Laird.05-01-05 Decision
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P-2003-0799
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE PUBLIC SERVICE ACT
Before
THE PUBLIC SERVICE GRIEVANCE BOARD
BETWEEN
Laird Grievor
- and -
The Crown In RIght of Ontano
(Mimstry ofCommumty Safety and CorrectIOnal ServIces) Employer
BEFORE Kathleen G O'NeIl Vice-Chair
FOR THE GRIEVOR Murray Laird
FOR THE EMPLOYER Lucy McSweeney
Counsel
Management Board Secretanat
HEARING September 28 2004
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DeCISIon
This decision deals with the employer's preliminary motion seeking the dismissal of the
grievance on the basis of delay
Facts and Submissions
Based on the evidence before me, consisting of the oral evidence of the grievor, Murray Laird,
and various documents entered on consent, the facts necessary to this decision are as follows
Since March 2002, Mr Laird has been the superintendent of the Elgin-Middlesex Detention
Centre, where he has worked in various progressively more responsible positions since 1996 In
early March 2003, while reviewing policy because of an unrelated matter concerning one of the
people who reports to him, he became aware of a personnel manual dated March 19, 1991,
which suggested to him that his previous promotional increases had not been paid properly He
realized he had a complaint, and spoke to his manager, who advised there was nothing he
could do at that time, so he submitted two grievances in writing on April 11, 2003, one dealing
primarily with pay on promotion issues, which is the one being considered here, and one dealing
with pay for performance issues, which was adjourned pending a related decision, about which
more will be said below
The grievance dealt with in this decision is worded as follows
I grieve that the employer has failed to follow its own policies and procedures
related to compensation on any of my acting assignments/direct
assignments/promotions within the MCP categories, since 1998
Particulars provided by Mr Laird (leaving aside for the moment those related to pay for
performance or merit pay) indicate that the details of his complaint relate to a series of events
leading to what he believes is an inappropriately low base for his salary at various points since
1998 The first of these events was in April 1998, when Mr Laird accepted an acting
assignment as a Deputy Superintendent, AM18 When he was given a 3% raise, he inquired of
then Superintendent Lockhart, who said 3% was all he would get. He accepted his word at the
time, but having become aware of the content of various policies since, he now is of the view
that the increase should have been 5%
Effective October 19, 1998, Mr Laird was appointed to the AM18 position as a result of a
competition, at which point he was advised that his salary and anniversary date would remain
3
unchanged He now believes that applicable policy provides that he should have been
considered for an increase at that time as well Since he is aware of no documentation that this
was done, he alleges that the responsible officials failed to follow policy
On February 5, 2001, he accepted an acting assignment as Deputy Superintendent,
administration, AM 19, and was give a 3% increase As with his promotion to AM 18, he believes
he should have received a larger increase, 5% or more He also believes that his anniversary
date should have been adjusted when the assignment was made effective in June, 2001 As
well, he is of the view that when he was confirmed as Deputy Superintendent, effective August
14,2001, he should have been considered for additional compensation
On March 4, 2002, he accepted an acting assignment as Superintendent (AM22), and was
given a 6 539% increase to put his salary at the minimum of the classification He was
confirmed as Superintendent on September 9,2002, at which point he believes he should have
been considered for a further increase
Employer counsel questioned Mr Laird about why he had not become aware of the policies he
now relies on at an earlier time, despite his free access to Human Resources in the senior
positions he was filling Mr Laird testified that his first 8 weeks as superintendent were in a
strike position After that he was occupied with the reparation of the institution, as he termed it,
bringing it back from the difficult circumstances of the strike The superintendent's job was then
put up for competition, for which he had to study and compete He was not directly responsible
for any management promotions until 2003, so he did not need to be as aware of the policies
involved until then Up to that point he was relying on Human Resources as the pay experts
The grievor does not agree that there was a delay as he acted promptly when he became aware
of the fact that he might have a grievance Thus, he submits there was no purposeful delay, and
no intent or recognition of a grievance prior to the time period when he filed the grievance
Further, Mr Laird notes that when the employer responded to his grievances in May, 2003,
there was no objection to the timeliness of his grievances He stated that he grieved back to
1998 because he believes there was a systemic prejudice by the employer in that they failed to
follow their own procedures He referred to the Kitzul case rGreqorv Kitzul and Ministrv of the
Solicitor General and Correctional Services P/0008/93 (Walter)] by analogy, maintaining that the
grievance should be heard on its merits
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By contrast, the employer takes the position that simply too much time has gone by, and that
the employer would be prejudiced in its case, for instance, because some of the responsible
officials who would be able to testify to the employer's exercise of discretion on the occasions of
Mr Laird's promotions have retired It is submitted the employer has lost the opportunity to
interview these people and therefore will not have the ability to call the case and present it as it
would have been if the grievance had been filed in a timely way Counsel notes that the
shortest delay was seven months, and the longest five years
In any event, and further to the Board's jurisprudence on delay, counsel argues that it is not
necessary to find actual prejudice to the employer, that the fact that it took too long and there is
insufficient reason for the delay is enough Counsel submits that the onus to explain the delay is
on the grievor, not on the employer to prove prejudice Employer counsel asked for an order on
the timeliness issue before continuing on the merits
Analvsis and Conclusions
The parties characterize the complaint in different ways, leading to different theories about
whether there is any delay, and how it should be treated The employer's position is that the
grievance targets certain decisions or potential decisions of the employer, at specific times in
the past which were too long ago to allow for a fair hearing before the Board For his part, the
grievor sees the matter as a structural one, that was and is ongoing, and to which the employer
raised no timeliness objection until the matter was scheduled for hearing
Employer counsel filed a brief of precedents which illustrate the principles looked to by the
Board concerning issues of delay The Board has consistently held that the time limits in s 34
(1) of Reg 977 under The Public Service Act are directory and can be extended in appropriate
circumstances at the discretion of the Board Although each case turns on its own facts, the
Board always balances the interests of both parties in deciding whether a matter should
proceed to a hearing on its merits, considering the nature of the grievance, the reason for the
delay and the length of the delay and whether there would likely be prejudice to the employer
because of the delay Delay can occur both before and after a grievor becomes aware of his or
her complaint.
Johnston and Vipari and Ministrv of Communitv and Social Services P/0003/99 (Leighton) is
typical of the Board's jurisprudence on delay In that case, the Board found that the current
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language of subsection 34(1), like its predecessor provision, requires a subjective analysis, as
to when the grievor became aware of his or her complaint, as well as a consideration of the
length of the delay from that point, and the reasons for it. Despite no evidence of prejudice to
the employer, the Board found eighteen months delay, from the time the grievors became aware
that they would not be paid stand-by pay, to be too long, and dismissed the grievances
In a case involving delayed awareness of a complaint, Amirault and Ministrv of the Solicitor
General and Correctional Services P/0028/94 (Lynk), the grievor complained of a salary
discrepancy between herself and people she was supervising The salary discrepancy had
existed for almost two years before the grievor realized it existed and grieved The employer
argued that the grievor ought to have known earlier of the complaint because the correctional
officer salaries to which she was comparing herself were easily available to her This is very
similar to the argument before me that the grievor should have discovered the policies he is
relying on earlier because of his free access to Human Resources in the responsible positions
he was holding
In allowing the matter to proceed, the Board emphasized the fact that the time lines run from the
grievor's "becoming aware of the complaint", the wording in s 44(1) of Reg 977 under The
Public Service Act (the predecessor provision to s 34(1) which now uses the phrasing
"becoming aware of the working condition or term of employment giving rise to the grievance" )
The test is primarily a subjective one, but tempered with the objective basis of inquiring when
the complaint might reasonably have crystallized, and whether it is still possible to hold a fair
hearing The Board allowed the matter to go to a hearing because the grievor had acted as
soon as she became aware of the discrepancy Considering that there was no evidence of
prejudice or that the grievor was, or should have been aware earlier than she was, the Board
was persuaded that the matter should proceed
In another case involving delayed awareness of a policy, in the context of a disciplinary
demotion, Lav and Ministrv of the Solicitor General and Correctional Services, P/0014/95
(Leighton), the Board held that a grievor must take some responsibility for informing himself as
to policy, and that a delay of seven years after the event in question was just too long The case
was distinguished from Amirault because the grievor in that case had no reason to question her
salary at the time of her promotion, whereas the grievor in Lav knew he was dissatisfied with the
demotion at the time it occurred
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In the Kitzul case, cited above, and relied on by the grievor, the Board allowed the hearing of a
discharge grievance despite a seven-month delay in the filing, in circumstances where the
grievor was awaiting trial on related criminal charges, and thought that the outcome of that
proceeding would affect his discipline case In balancing the interests of the grievor against
those of the employer, it was said that any prejudice to the employer due to the delay could be
dealt with in fashioning a remedy In the course of the reasons in Kitzul the Board refers to a
decision of the Crown Employees Grievance Settlement Board, Clements and Liauor Control
Board of Ontario GSB/112/80 (Prichard) which discussed the problems which delay creates for
a fair hearing, in particular that a timely investigation was not done, because the employer was
not on notice that there was an issue In that case, the Board noted that it did not consider the
retirement of one of the employer's witnesses to constitute substantial prejudice However, the
departure of witnesses from the public service has weighed, together with other factors, against
allowing matters to proceed in other cases such as Campbell and Ontario Realtv Corporation
P/0032/99 (Leighton), Kroeaer and Ministrv of the Solicitor General and Correctional Services
P/0060/98 (Willes), Lav, cited above, and Ourash and Ministrv of Health P/0010/90 (Willes)
Part of the grievor's argument is that the problem is ongoing, affecting his pay In the
terminology of the cases, this is an allegation that the matter is a continuing grievance In Kitzul,
cited above, at page 6, the Board discusses the doctrine of laches, or excessive delay, and
quotes authority for the proposition that continuing grievances, those of "a continuing nature in
the sense that each month a separate obligation arises" do not attract the application of the
doctrine of laches since the grievance deals with a continuing series of offenses The
disciplinary demotion before the Board in that case was treated, by contrast, as a one-time
event. See also an earlier case, P/0002/88 Oke and the Ministrv of Enerav, where the Board
wrote as follows
The essence of a continuing grievance is that rather than being a discreet act
which occurs once and starts the clock running for the purpose of time limits,
there are repeated or recurring instances of the act, anyone of which may be
regarded as starting the clock anew for the purposes of determining whether a
grievance is timely
In successful continuing grievances covering a lengthy period of time, consideration may be
given to dealing with delay by limiting recovery to a period determined by the time lines of the
applicable contractual or statutory provisions
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There are a number of ways to look at the question of delay in this case To the extent that it
deals with a complaint about the grievor's current level of pay, a grievance is timely at each pay
period, although the date of the complaint would be taken into account in considering the
availability of and the extent of any remedy Taken as a complaint about the specific decisions
made in the past, the first level of analysis is the subjective one, which depends on when the
grievor became aware of his complaint. The grievor's evidence was that he became aware of
the policies which prompted his complaint in early March, 2003, which is between five and six
weeks before his April 11, 2003 grievances Measured, as employer counsel argued it should
be, from the employer decisions complained of, the range of time is from seven months to five
years
Having considered all the facts, arguments and precedents put before me, I find this matter to
be very similar structurally to the Amirault case cited above As in that case, the evidence is
persuasive that the grievor did not realize that he had a complaint until he came upon certain
policies in the course of his work. His evidence was given very credibly to the effect that up until
this time, he had been completely engaged in the conduct of the institution during the strike and
its aftermath, and had had no reason to be deeply involved in assimilating all the available
policies in regards to pay I consider the grievor's explanation of the time lapse credible and
reasonable, and do not find that his ongoing access to Human Resources should be found to
mean that he should have been aware of the policies involved earlier The grievor was not
called upon to apply these policies earlier, and was not otherwise aware of them Nor was there
any evidence of how or why he should have been aware of them by some other means I find
that it was reasonable to attend to the priorities of the institution as they arose, rather than
taking time out to research pay policy, as well as that he acted promptly once he became aware
that certain policies existed which he believes entitled him to a higher pay base Thus, from a
subjective point of view there is a five to six week delay, a time period well within the time
frames that have been allowed to proceed If it is considered a continuing pay grievance, as
noted, it is timely with each pay
But would allowing the matter go to hearing prejudice the employer such that a fair hearing for
both parties is no longer possible? The employer's argument is that it is not necessary to prove
prejudice, there is inevitable prejudice to their ability to present their case, given the amount of
time that has gone by from the time of the decisions complained of which affected his pay
Starting from the most recent of the events complained of, the time lapse is seven months
before the grievance was filed Although evidence of actual prejudice will not always be
necessary, especially when lengthy periods are involved, it is not my view that seven months is
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a length of time which spells inevitable prejudice to the employer's case Clearly, the potential
for prejudice increases with the earlier events complained of, the furthest back of which is five
years However, balancing the interests of both sides, it appears clear that at least the issue of
the most recent promotional increase should proceed to a hearing on the merits Further, the
issues and events affecting the grievor's pay appear to be intertwined, and it is not possible on
the evidence currently before me to sever the issues in a satisfactory way As well, and in the
absence of any specific evidence on the subject, I do not find the fact that witnesses have
retired to necessarily lead to prejudice They may still be available, and any actual prejudice
that may become evident in the hearing of the grievance can be addressed, either as a matter
of weighing the evidence, or in fashioning a remedy, should the grievance be successful in
whole or in part. In sum, given the particular mix of facts in this case, it is preferable to allow the
grievance in its entirety to be heard on its merits, and to address the effect of the various lapses
of time in the context of all the evidence at the end of the day In this context, it is important to
note that that, as in Amirault, one of the main issues will be whether there is any applicable
policy that has been violated at all
For the above reasons, the matter is to be set down for hearing on a date to be set in
consultation with the parties In this regard, I note that the parties agreed that the other
grievance filed by Mr Laird, dealing with the manner of implementation of the employer's pay
for performance policy, would be deferred to such time as the Board had dealt with the issue of
reconsideration of the Board's February 5,2004 decision in PSGB File #P-2003-2373 (Lee), at
a time when it was thought that argument in that case would be completed shortly It would be
appropriate for the parties to consult the registrar as to the current status of that matter, and to
advise the Board as to whether there is any change in their position on the scheduling of the
issues as to the arbitrability of Mr Laird's other grievance, given any developments in the
interim
Dated at Toronto this 5th day of January, 2005
O'Neil