HomeMy WebLinkAbout2003-3101.Koonings.06-02-17 Decision
Crown Employees Commission de Nj
Grievance Settlement reglement des griefs
Board des employes de la
Couronne
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UNION# OLB531/03 OLB016/04 OLB504/04 OLB505/04 OLB506/04 OLB509/04 OLB083/05
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontano LIqUor Boards Employees' Umon
(Koomngs) Union
- and -
The Crown In RIght of Ontano
(LIqUor Control Board of Ontano) Employer
BEFORE Owen V Gray Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNION Ernest A SchIrru
KoskIe Minsky LLP
Barnsters and SOlICItorS
FOR THE EMPLOYER Richard J Charney
OgIlvy Renault LLP
Barnsters and SOlICItorS
HEARING January 12 and 13 2006
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DeCISIon
[1] At the hearmgs of January 12 and 13, 2006 m thIS matter I gave certam oral
dIrectIOns wIth respect to the productIOn of documents Those dIrectIOns were
confirmed and elaborated m an order Issued m wntmg on January 27, 2006, wIth
reasons to follow These are the reasons
Background
The Gnevances
[2] At the tIme of the events m questIOn m these proceedmgs, the gnevor, Tma
Koomngs, was a Customer ServIce RepresentatIve m the LCBO's Pnvate Ordermg
Department, whIch IS part of the LCBO's LOgIStICS FacIlIty That department handles
requests made by agents of manufacturers and supplIers of alcoholIc beverages that the
LCBO purchase and warehouse theIr prmcIpals' products, m antIcIpatIOn of resale by
the LCBO to lIcensed vendors to whom the agents promote those products Such agents
must be lIcensed under the Liquor License Act, R.S 0 1990, c. L 19
[3] In August 2003 one of those agents, LIfford Wme AgencIes LImIted ("LIfford"),
caused summonses to be served on the gnevor and several other employees m the
Pnvate Ordermg Department, reqUIrmg that they attend to testIfy at a hearmg that
scheduled by the Alcohol and Gammg CommIssIOn of Ontano ("the AGCO") to consIder
proposals to revoke LIfford's lIcense The gnevor alleges that after she receIved such
summons Mr DavId French, the manager of the Pnvate Ordermg Department,
threatened her that "If you tell the truth and If the LCBO m any way perceIves that you
are mdmg the agent m theIr case, your career at the LCBO wIll be hIstory And
[your] tIme m the Pnvate Ordermg Department would be made extremely dIfficult" and
told her that "I would make a very, very strong recommendatIOn for you I advIse you
that your Idea of the truth should be the followmg sentences 'I don't remember' and 'I
don't recall'" The gnevor testIfied to that effect before the AGCO m September 2003
The course those hearmgs took thereafter IS described m Ontano (Liquor Control
Board) v Lifford Wine Agencies (2005) 76 0 R. (3d) 401 (Ont C.A) In October 2003 the
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gnevor filed the first of the mne gnevances now before me, whIch IS focused on thIS
alleged mIsconduct by Mr French.
[4] The second gnevance concerns an allegatIOn that m December 2003 the
employer filled a posItIOn for whIch the gnevor had prevIOusly competed unsuccessfully,
wIthout conductmg a fresh competItIOn.
[5] The next SIX gnevances were filed m July 2004 In them, the gnevor complamed
that she had been harassed and dIscnmmated agamst over a perIOd of months by some
members of management m the Pnvate Ordermg Department, and by bargammg umt
employees whose behavIOur management encouraged, approved or at least faIled to
restram, and that the employer had not responded appropnately to her complamts
about thIS harassment and dIscnmmatIOn. On her behalf the umon alleges, among
other thmgs, that these acts and omISSIOns by management were m reactIOn to the
gnevor's havmg testIfied as she dId m the proceedmgs before the AGCO, and was m
furtherance of the threats she alleges were made to her m August 2003 by Mr French,
who had m the meantIme had been moved to a hIgher management level m the
LOgIStICS facIlIty
[6] The last of the gnevances before me challenges management's decIsIOn m
January 2005 to suspend the gnevor for a month and transfer (or, as the umon would
say, demote) her out of the Pnvate Ordermg Department mto a posItIOn m a retaIl
store The stated reasons for Imposmg the suspenSIOn and effectmg the transfer were
that she had "mItIated complamts agamst managenal and bargammg umt employees
whIch have no basIs at all," had pursued complamts "wIth malIce and for an Improper
purpose" and had "chosen to abuse the gnevance process m order to harass and
mtImIdate LCBO employees", and that these actIOns, and her other allegatIOns agamst
and conflIcts WIth management over the years, had made her contmued employment m
the Pnvate Ordermg Department or elsewhere m the LCBO's head office enVIronment
untenable
These Proceedmgs
[7] On the first day of hearmg the partIes were m dIspute about the order of
proceedmg, and there were Issues about the productIOn of documents Although there
had already been some exchange of mformatIOn and documents between counsel, I
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ordered that each party delIver to the other wntten partIculars of the allegatIOns of fact
on whIch It relIed and copIes of any documents m Its possessIOn, custody or power on
whIch It mIght wIsh to rely m the hearmg Any questIOn of compellmg productIOn by a
party of documents other than those on whIch It mIght wIsh to rely was expressly
postponed ThIs was because, as I told counsel orally at the tIme, determmatIOns of the
arguable relevance of any such documents could not be made wIthout first knowmg
wIth partIculanty what facts were m dIspute, and because the mItIal exchange of all
documents on whIch each party wIshed to have the opportumty to rely would better
mform the partIes' decIsIOns about whether and what to what extent further productIOn
of documents mIght be needed
[8] DelIvery of partIculars and relIed upon documents occurred on an agreed upon
tImetable that concluded about a week before hearmgs resumed on December 5 and 7,
2005 Durmg those hearmgs umon counsel saId he thought employer counsel had
represented to hIm that the documents already produced on behalf of the employer
were all documents m ItS possessIOn, custody or power that mIght be relevant to any of
the Issues In dIspute Employer counsel smd that he had not made such a
representatIOn and was not m a posItIOn to make a representatIOn to that effect
The U mon' s Request for ProductIOn
[9] On December 12, 2005, umon counsel requested of employer counsel that the
employer dIsclose to the umon
all emmls and/or other forms of commumcatIOn and/or correspondence between
LCBO managers and/or supervIsors that m any way relate to Ms Koonmgs
Employer counsel responded that the LCBO dId not agree to do so.
You are askmg the LCBO to Jom wIth you m an unreasonable fishmg expechtIOn
whIch It IS not prepared to do Nor as you suggest can such documentatIOn be
arguably relevant when the request IS so broad, m terms of subject matter and
chronology as to be of no ObVIOUS relevance
After some further telephone conversatIOns, umon counsel requested
chsclosure of all arguab~v relevant emmls and/or other forms of commumcatIOn
and/or correspondence between LCBO managers and/or supervIsors that m any way
relate to Ms Koonmgs from August 200:3 to date For further clanty thIs request
does not mclude correspondence that IS subject to SOhcItor-chent pnvIlege
(emphasIs added)
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[10] Counsel could not reach agreement, and umon counsel asked that I order the
employer to produce all arguably relevant emaIls and/or other forms of commumcatIOn
and/or correspondence to or frol11 (rather than Just "between") LCBO managers and/or
superVIsors that m any way relate to Ms Koonmgs from August 2003 to date
Argument
[11] Umon counsel explamed that he sought correspondence arguably relevant to the
umon's allegatIOns of harassment by management and/or the employer's allegatIOn that
the gnevor's contmued employment as a CSR m the Pnvate Ordermg Department was
untenable HIS posItIOn was sImply that productIOn of arguably relevant documents
should be ordered m the CIrcumstances
[12] Employer counsel submItted that there IS no eqUIvalent m labour arbItratIOn of
the oblIgatIOn of partIes m CIVIl lItIgatIOn to produce all relevant documentatIOn. WhIle
acknowledgmg that an arbItrator has the power to reqUIre a party to produce more
than Just the documents on whIch that party may wIsh to rely, he argued that an order
of the sort sought by the umon would unfaIrly put the employer m a posItIOn of havmg
to assess relevancy, an assessment that he descnbed as "subJectIve" and "potentIally
arduous" He submItted that the umon's request was so broad as to constItute a "fishmg
expedItIon," that the party seekmg productIOn was oblIged to partIculanze ItS request
more than the umon had, and that there must be a nexus between the matenals sought
and the Issues In dIspute He submItted that reqUIrmg broad productIOn IS
contramdIcated m labour relatIOns matters, as It dIsrupts the workplace and creates a
sense of unfaIrness ThIs IS partIcularly so, he argued, because by contrast wIth CIVIl
lItIgatIOn there IS no proVIsIOn m labour arbItratIOn for an award of costs, so one party
can put the other to the expense of broad productIOn wIth Impumty He noted that m
some cases gnevors and trade umons make broad allegatIOns of "bad faIth" m whIch
arguable relevance could cast a wIde net, and that arbItral unwIllmgness to facIlItate
"fishmg expedItIons" should take thIS mto account Reference was made to McQueen,
GSB #0383/97, (October 5, 1998, Bnggs), Tone, GSB #2693/96 (September 22, 2000,
DIssanayake) , Re Laurentian Hospital and Ontano Nurses' AssociatiOn (1997), 67
L.AC (4th) 289 (Pmeau), and Re Canada Post COIp and Canadian Ulllon of Postal
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Workers (Best) (1986), 24 L.A.C (3d) 157 (Weathenll) for varIOUS statements of
prmcIple contamed therem.
Analysis
[13] By vIrtue of sectIOn 2 of the Crown El11ployees Collective Bargallllllg Act (1993,
SO 1993, c 38), varIOUS prOVISIOns of the Labour RelatiOns Act, 1995 (S 0 1995, c 1,
Schedule A, as amended - "the LRA") apply to the proceedmgs of the Gnevance
Settlement Board, mcludmg subsectIOn 12 of sectIOn 48 That subsectIOn provIdes that
(12) An arbItrator or the chaIr of an arbItratIOn board, as the case may be has
power
(b) to reqUIre any party to produce documents or thmgs that may be relevant
to the matter and to do so before or durmg the hearmg
The addItIon of that prOVISIOn to the then Labour RelatiOns Act m 1993 put an end to
debate about whether labour arbItrators m thIS provmce have the power to compel pre
hearmg productIOn of documents by partIes otherwIse than pursuant to theIr power to
Issue and enforce a summons
[14] SubsectIOn 48(12) of the LRA does not oblIge partIes to make pre hearmg
dIsclosure of documents m the absence of an order, as partIes to cIvIl lItIgatIOn are
oblIged to do as a matter of course under the rules of CIVIl procedure In that respect
employer counsel IS correct that there IS no eqUIvalent of that oblIgatIOn m labour
arbItratIOn proceedmgs I do not agree, however, that an arbItrator's Imposmg such an
oblIgatIOn, at an appropnate stage and m an appropnate manner, IS somehow mImIcal
to the purposes of labour arbItratIOn or to the mterests of good labour relatIOns
generally
[15] Good labour relatIOns reqUIre that the process for resolvmg nghts dIsputes at
arbItratIOn be both expedItIOus and fair Full pre hearmg dIsclosure of all arguably
relevant documents advances that mterest In that regard I adopt the observatIOns of
arbItrator Germame m Bntish Colul11bia v Bntish Colul11bia Governl11ent and Service
El11ployees' Ulllon, [2003] B C C.A.A.A. No 150 at paragraph 48
~48 Pre hearmg productIon of relevant documents IS consIstent WIth the nght of
partIes to a faIr hearmg and the process values of expechtIOn and cost savmg Pac1fic
Pre,,,,,,, Lwnted and The New"paper GUild. Vancouver-New WeHtnnnHter GUild. Local
115 (198:3) 2 CLRBR (NS) 277 (BCLRB DeclSlon No 109/8:3) FaIrness IS advanced
by assIstmg the partIes to know and prepare for the case they must meet and by
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aVOlchng unfaIr surpnse at the hearmg, ExpechtIOn and economy are served by
mmImIzmg the adJournments necessItated by unantIcIpated eVIdence at the hearmg,
These consIderatIOns combmed wIth the absence of any structured procedure m
labour arbItratIOn, recently persuaded a promment arbItrator to take a hberal VIew
WIth respect to the productIOn of documents Toronto Dls'tnct School Board and
CUPE Local 4400 (2002) 109 L,A, C (4th) 20 (ShIm e) at page '31 The same
consIderatIOns have been recogmzed specIfically m relatIOn to pre hearmg productIOn
of mechcal documents contammg personal and pnvate mformatIOn JlVe,,",.t Park
Hospltal and ONA (199:3) '37 L,A,C (4th) 160 (Knopf) at page 167 Stelco and
US JlVA, Local1005(1994) 42 L,A,C (4th) 270 (DIssanayake) at page 274,
That fairness favours full productIOn IS underscored by the decIsIOn of the Court of
Appeal m Ontano (Liquor Control Board) v Lifford Wine Agencies, supra, whIch held
that the AGCO's faIlure to compel productIOn of documents at the request of a party to
the proceedmgs (m that case by refusmg to Issue or enforce a summons duces teCUl11 to
a thIrd party) amounted to a demal of natural JustIce
[16] ExpedItIon and faIrness are not the only mterests worthy of attentIOn m matter
of productIOn of documents ArbItrator Germame's award dealt wIth another common
consIderatIOn concerns about the pnvacy of personal medIcal mformatIOn. As that
award and others Illustrate, such pnvacy concerns warrant care m assessmg what
mIght be arguably relevant, and cautIOn m fashIOnmg a pre hearmg productIOn process
that provIdes for dIsclosure only to those whose partIcIpatIOn IS needed m order to
assess eIther arguable or actual relevance as those Issues anse The same may be saId
about other sorts of mformatIOn that, whIle not pnvIleged as a matter of law or polIcy,
IS so clearly confidentIal or pnvate m the ordmary sense of those words that those to
whom the mformatIOn belongs have a legItImate mterest m special protectIOn from any
more dIsclosure than IS necessary, partIcularly before the documents have been found
admIssible and admItted mto eVIdence m a publIc hearmg In that regard I remam of
the VIew that any party who seeks an order for pre hearmg productIOn ImplIedly
undertakes not to make use of the mformatIOn thus obtamed except for the purposes of
the proceedmg m whIch the order was made Re Therl11al Ceral1llCs, DivisiOn Of
Morgalllte Canada COIp and Ulllted Steelworkers (1993), 32 L.A.C (4th) 375 (Gray) at
p 383 If m any case there IS any doubt that such an undertakmg IS ImplIed, then that
lImItatIOn should be made express m the order for productIOn. I dId not understand
there to be any such doubt here Counsel seemed satIsfied that they could resolve
between themselves any concerns about havmg a pre hearmg productIOn process that
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adequately protects commercial and personal mterests m the pnvacy or confidentIalIty
ofnon-pnvIleged, arguably relevant documents
[17] I consIdered the then recently enacted predecessor of subsectIOn 48(12) of the
LRA m Re Therl11al Ceral1llcs, supra. I concluded there that If a party has arguably
relevant documents that It could be compelled by summons to brmg to the hearmg, It
bears the burden of showmg why It should not be ordered to produce those documents
m advance If the OpposIte party requests That award dId not stand for the proposItIOn
that productIOn should be compelled only for arguably relevant documents on whIch the
producmg party mtends to rely, as was argued before arbItrator Bnggs m Re Children's
Aid SOciety of the City of Belleville and City of Trenton and Canadian Ulllon of Public
El11ployees, Local 2197 (1994), 42 L.A.C (4th) 259 She qUIte properly reJected that
argument My VIew was and IS that arguable relevance IS the test for determmmg the
scope of pre hearmg productIOn, subJect only to claims of pnvIlege and sUItable
constramts on who IS to have access to the produced documents and on the use to whIch
they may put the mformatIOn m the documents
[18] In Re West Park Hospital and Ontano Nurses' AssociatiOn (1993), 37 L.A.C
(4th) 160 (referred to m McQueen, supra) arbItrator Knopf wrote (at page 167)
where the chsclosure IS contested, the followmg factors should be taken mto
consIderatIOn, FIrst the mformatIOn requested must be arguably relevant. Second,
the requested mformatIOn must be partIculanzed so there IS no dIspute as to what IS
desIred, ThIrd, the board of arbItratIOn should be satIsfied that the mformatIOn IS not
bemg requested as a fishmg expechtIOn Fourth, there must be a clear nexus
between the mformatIOn bemg requested and the posItIons m dIspute at the hearmg,
Further the board should be satIsfied that chsclosure wIll not cause undue preJuchce
In thIs regard, the cntena set out m the DesmaraIs v Mornssette case are apphcable
m terms of weIghmg whether or not pnvIleged mformatIOn should be protected,
[19] It IS not apparent to me, eIther from the West Park Hospital award or otherwIse,
what the "clear nexus" test adds to the "arguable relevance" test. EVIdence must have a
probatIve nexus wIth an allegatIOn of fact that has been put m Issue by one party and
dIsputed by the other before It can be saId to be arguably relevant. EVIdence that IS
arguably relevant must of necessIty have such a nexus wIth a dIsputed allegatIOn of
fact Of course, It must first be apparent what factual Issues are m dIspute before one
could apply eIther test. The arguable relevance enqUIry, and hence an order for
productIOn, may be premature If the Issues m dIspute have not been clearly defined.
That appears to have been the case m Re Laurentian Hospital, supra, where the
9
arbItrator observed at page 299 that "ThIs extensIve request of documents represents a
dIlemma m the sense that the umon has not yet put forward ItS 'theory' of the case
whIch would allow me to Judge the relevancy of the requested documents"
[20] A "fishmg expedItIon" IS saId to be an endeavour "not to obtam eVIdence to
support [a] case, but to dIscover whether [one] has a case at all" Canada Post, supra, at
57 L.A.C (3d) 159 If one can have productIOn only of documents arguably relevant to
allegatIOns of fact already put m Issue m the case at hand, It follows that there cannot
be productIOn m aId of dIscovermg a case not already asserted VIewed m that way, the
"no fishmg expedItIon" test IS really nothmg more than a corollary of the arguable
relevancy test The dIfficulty wIth the "fishmg expedItIon" metaphor, however, IS that It
may evoke Irrelevant consIderatIOns, such as whether the party seekmg productIOn
already has some eVIdence to support the allegatIOns of fact It has put m Issue
Although made m the context of a dIspute about the propnety of questIOns asked on
exammatIOn for dIscovery, the observatIOns of Seaton, J.A. In Conllnco Ltd. v
Westlllghouse Canada Lll11lted et aI., (1979) 11 B C L R 142 (B C C.A.) at p 149 bear
equal applIcatIOn m thIS context.
Counsel saId that one cannot embark on a fishmg expechtIOn, I find httle help m that
statement. I take It that a fishmg expechtIOn descnbes an exammatIOn of chscovery
that has gone beyond reasonable lImIts mto areas that are not and cannot be
relevant. In those waters one may not fish, In other waters one may That one fishes
IS not deCIsIve It IS where the fishmg takes place that matters
[21] The law relatmg to summonses duces tecul11 IS that such a summons should
IdentIfy the documents sought wIth sufficIent partIculanty to enable the summonsed
wItness to know what It IS that s/he must brmg to the hearmg "Brmg all arguably
relevant documents" IS generally not enough, because summonses are addressed to
mdIvIduals who are almost never themselves partIes to the dIspute, and who generally
cannot be expected to know what Issues are m dIspute m the proceedmg A party, on
the other hand, IS entItled to partIculars of the Issues are m dIspute, and once It has
those partIculars It IS m a posItIOn to know what documents would be arguably
relevant. The assessment reqUIred IS not "subJectIve," as employer counsel argued It IS
not unfaIr to expect a party to perform that assessment, wIth the assIstance of those
who advIse It WIth respect to ItS legal nghts and oblIgatIOns
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[22] The arbItral Junsprudence about productIOn of documents IS nch WIth debates
about whether one party wIll be ordered to produce to the other all documents of a
partIcular kmd or class defined wIthout express use of the qualIfymg words "arguably
relevant" When the Issue IS framed m that way It IS necessary to determme whether a
document's bemg of the defined kmd or class would be sufficIent, wIthout more, to make
It arguably relevant The defimtIOn used may fall that test If It IS msufficIently
partIcular Accordmgly, when one party seeks productIOn from the other of all
documents of a partIcular kmd or class defined wIthout express use of the qualIfymg
words "arguably relevant," the observatIOn that the request must be partIculanzed may
be nothmg more than IdentIficatIOn of one of the logIcal consequences of the arguably
relevant test. When more IS mtended by such a reqUIrement, however, If It IS mtended
as a restnctIOn on access to documents that are otherwIse arguably relevant (as those
sought here must necessanly be, smce the request before me IS expressly lImIted to
"arguably relevant" documents), then such a lImItatIOn IS obJectIOnable for the reasons
gIven by arbItrator ShIme m Re Toronto Distnct School Board and Canadian Ulllon of
Public El11ployees, Local 4400 (2002), 109 L.A.C (4th) 20 at pp 32 33
Some of the arbItratIOn decIsIOns reqUIre a requestmg party to partIculanze the
documents It wIshes to have produced wIth some precIsIOn, However whIle I
acknowledge that partIes to the arbItratIOn process hve together m a contmumg
relatIOnshIp and know somethmg about each other s affaIrs they cannot be expected
to be fully aware of each other s mternal affaIrs GIVen the general purpose for
producmg documents where the knowledge of those documents hes coupled wIth the
mImmal pre-hearmg procedures m the arbItratIOn process and after consIdermg
where the onus to produce documents hes It IS my VIew that whIle a request for
partIcular documents may be helpful, the request for partIculars should not be
scrutImzed too carefully for preCISIOn, ~There a party IS served wIth a general request
to produce documents as mchcated above It must produce every document relatmg to
any matter m Issue whIch IS seemmgly or arguably relevant. Needless to say I find
that the CIVIl rules make greater sense than the estabhshed arbItral rules by
reqUIrmg the party who has posseSSIOn, power or control over the documents to
produce them, To reqUIre a party who has not had posseSSIOn power or control over
the documents or who may not be completely aware of the documents or theIr
contents to IdentIfy them wIth any precIsIOn or partIculanty seems contrary to
common sense
[23] In that award arbItrator ShIme, a former Chair of thIS Board, compared the CIVIl
lItIgatIOn and labour arbItratIOn processes He concluded that despIte the dIfferences
between It and CIVIl lItIgatIOn, should be the same broad pre hearmg dIsclosure of
"every document relatmg to any matter m Issue that IS or has been m the posseSSIOn,
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control or power of a party" when eIther party to a labour arbItratIOn proceedmg
requests It. I agree
[24] I am not dIssuaded from adoptmg arbItrator ShIme's VIew by the fact that
partIes to collectIve agreements almost mvanably choose not to confer on arbItrators
the power to award costs, nor by hypothetIcal concerns about the effect of trade umon
allegatIOns of bad faith and the lIke on the scope of productIOn.
[25] UnlIke the vast maJonty of partIes to CIVIl lItIgatIOn, the employer and trade
umon partIes to labour arbItratIOns proceedmgs almost always have a contmumg
relatIOnshIp It mIght be argued that the eXIstence of that relatIOnshIp IS, generally, at
least as effectIve a constramt on lItIgIOuS excesses as the threat of an award of legal
costs IS m CIVIl lItIgatIOn. In any event, I do not accept that when the partIes choose not
to confer on arbItrators a JunsdIctIOn to award costs thIS carnes wIth It some
ImplIcatIOn about the extent to whIch they can expect or be expected to make dIsclosure
to one another of mformatIOn pertment to the resolutIOn of dIsputes between them.
[26] An allegatIOn of "bad faIth" or the lIke by a umon would be made m relatIOn to
management's havmg taken or failed to take some partIcular actIOn for legally
Improper motIves Before productIOn of documents could be sensibly addressed m such
a case, eIther by the employer or by an arbItrator, partIculars of the acts or omISSIOns
complamed of would be needed, from whIch It would become apparent whIch
mdIvIdual's (or mdIvIduals') motIvatIOn was m Issue and durmg what tIme frame It IS
not at all ObVIOUS that allegatIOns of bad faIth and the lIke of necessIty make an
oblIgatIOn to produce arguably relevant documents lImItless In addItIon, It IS hardly an
obJectIOn to the domg of JustIce that ItS reqUIrements may be burdensome
[27] Although less onerous that the test for admIssIOn mto eVIdence, the arguable
relevance test does have lImIts It does not reqUIre productIOn of documents whIch could
have no probatIve value wIth respect to a dIsputed fact, eIther alone or m combmatIOn
wIth any other testImomal or documentary eVIdence the party seekmg them mtends to
add uce EVIdence wIth no possible probatIve value can have no relevance It may be
consIstent WIth fairness and natural JustIce to delay or reJect an applIcatIOn for
productIOn of documents for whIch an extensIve and expenSIve search would be
reqUIred If It appears that the documents sought are of such margmal probatIve value
12
that to compel a search for them would be oppreSSIve I leave that questIOn to another
occaSIOn. It dId not appear to anse here
[28] Although I do not accept that partIculanzatIOn by the requestmg party IS a
prereqUIsIte to productIOn mdependent of the ImplIcatIOns of the "arguably relevant"
test, I do agree that when frammg an oblIgatIOn to produce documents other than those
relIed upon by the producmg party It IS desIrable that the scope of the oblIgatIOn be
made as clear as possible In thIS regard I reIterate some of the observatIOns I made m
Re Therl11al Ceral11iCS, supra, at pp 379 380
The subsectIOn confers or confirms powers but does not dIctate how those powers are
to be exercIsed, TheIr exerCIse should be gUIded by the eVIdent mtent of the Act that
the arbItratIOn of chsputes under collectIve agreements be as expedItIOus a means of
resolvmg those chsputes as It can be wIthout bemg an unfaIr one The partIes to
proceedmgs m CIVIl courts have the nght to partIculanzed pleadmgs productIOn of
documents and pre-tnal chscovery of OpposIte partIes Much attentIOn IS focused on
the scope of the partIes correspondmg obhgatIOns m that regard, Much argument IS
had over whether those obhgatIOns have been met. And a hearmg on the ments of
the partIes dIspute does not proceed m that forum untIl those obhgatIOns and any
chsputes about them have been met and resolved, In the result the average pIece of
CIVIl htIgatIOn proceeds at a rather slower pace than can be and generally IS achIeved
m the arbItratIOn of collectIve agreement chsputes No doubt that has somethmg to do
wIth why the legIslature chose not to burden the gnevance arbItratIOn process wIth
mandatory pre hearmg proceedmgs of the sort aVaIlable by nght m CIVIl htIgatIOn,
The legIslature has left It to the arbItrator charged wIth decIdmg a collectIve
agreement dIspute to Judge whether and to what extent there should be any
compelled pre hearmg exchange of mformatIOn, In my VIew one of the consIderatIOns
to be taken mto account m makmg that Judgment IS the possIbIhty that an order
mtended to expedIte the hearmg and ChsposItIon of the matter may have the OpposIte
effect. Once there IS an order compellmg a party to do somethmg It has not agreed to
do there IS then the possIbIlIty of chsputes about what the order means how It
apphes to unantIcIpated cIrcumstances whether It has been complIed wIth and what
the consequences of non comphance should be The resolutIOn of such chsputes may
consume the very hearmg tIme and expense whIch the order was mtended to save
and more wIthout advancmg the resolutIOn of the underlymg dIspute even as much
as It would have been had no order been made That wIll not always be so but It IS a
nsk whIch must be weIghed agamst the possIble benefits of a more structured and
onerous pre hearmg chsclosure process
ThIs IS not to say that enablmg one party's access to arguably relevant documents m
the posseSSIOn of the other IS m some the sense optIOnal. The challenge m exercIsmg
JunsdIctIOn under subsectIOn 48(12) of the LRA IS to enable access whIle mmImIzmg the
possibIlIty of subsequent dIstractmg and unproductIve dIsputes about the scope of the
oblIgatIOn mItIally Imposed. When the mItIal request IS baldly framed as "all arguably
relevant documents," It IS desIrable that further partIculanzatIOn be attempted by the
requestmg party, by the respondmg party and, If necessary, by the arbItrator
13
PartIculanzatIOn "so there IS no dIspute as to what IS desIred" may not always be
possible, however, and the mere possibIlIty of dIspute about what an order reqUIres IS
not an obJectIOn to makmg It.
Decision
[29] My mI tIal to the , applIcatIOn that the managenal
response unIOn s was commumcatIOns concermng the gnevor that were lIkely to be relevant m thIS matter
were commumcatIOns to or from mdIvIduals expressly IdentIfied m the partIes'
partIculars as havmg engaged m acts or omISSIOns complamed of by the gnevor,
mcludmg those mvolved m makmg the decIsIOns complamed of. I ruled first that
wntten and emaII com mum catIOns to or from each such person concermng the gnevor
should be produced for a perIOd that was m each case sensible havmg regard to that
person's alleged mvolvement I mVIted further submIssIOns as to who those persons
were and what tIme perIOd was sensible m each case I also mVIted submIssIOns as to
whether there were any members of management other than those mentIOned whose
commumcatIOns mIght be arguably relevant
[30] The ensumg dIscussIOn started wIth a lIst of the names of all mdIvIduals whose
conduct had been put m Issue m the partIculars, mcludmg some bargammg umt
employees The names of all but one of those bargammg umt employees were removed
m recogmtIOn that It was only com mum catIOns between them and a lIsted manager
that were lIkely to be relevant, and that the partIcIpatIOn of the lIsted manager would
make all such commumcatIOns producible Umon counsel proposed addmg two semor
members of management to the lIst and offered a tenable basIs for arguably relevance
of any commumcatIOns that may have passed between them concermng the gnevor I
resolved the mostly mmor dIfferences between them as to the relevant perIOds, and
ordered as follows
[1] The employer IS dIrected to produce to the umon all arguably relevant emaII
messages and other forms of wntten commumcatIOn and correspondence relatmg to
Tma Koonmgs that were sent by on behalf of or to any of the followmg mchvIduals
durmg the penod August 1 200:3 to March '31 2005 mclusIVe (or as otherwIse noted)
of whIch an ongmal or copy IS m ItS possessIOn, custody or power
DavId French Geoff AllaIre
Mark Upton Ron BartuccI
14
MaggIe Plant Ian Martm
Peter CahIll
Chns Martm (sent or receIVed durmg the penod May 11
2004 to December 31 2004, mclusIVe)
The employer IS also dIrected to produce to the umon all arguably relevant emaII
messages and other forms of wntten commumcatIOn and correspondence relatmg to
Tma Koonmgs that passed between Bob Peter and Murray Kane durmg the penod
August 1 200:3 to March 31 2005 mclusIVe of whIch an ongmal or copy are m ItS
possessIOn, custody or power
[31] Employer counsel sought an order for productIOn by the umon and the gnevor of
relevant documents Once the terms of the order for productIOn by the employer had
been determmed, counsel were able to agree m general terms on the scope of the order
concermng commumcatIOns to and from the umon and the gnevor, mcludmg prOVISIOns
authonzmg the employer to search emaII and other computer data and archIves m ItS
own possessIOn, custody or control for commumcatIOns to and from the gnevor I note
partIcularly that I was not called upon to decIde whether com mum catIOns between the
gnevor and anyone at "LIfford AgencIes or MInam Rogers AgencIes" would be arguably
relevant I prepared a draft fleshmg out the mechamcs of productIOn and mVIted the
submIssIOns of counsel on the aspects of the draft that had not been expressly
determmed by me or agreed by the partIes at the hearmg Takmg mto account theIr
submIssIOns, the balance of the formal order for productIOn provIded as follows
[2] The umon IS dIrected to produce to the employer all arguably relevant emaII
messages and other forms of wntten commumcatIOn and correspondence of whIch an
ongmal or copy IS m the posseSSIOn custody or power of the umon or gnevor Tina
Koonmgs that were sent by on behalf of or to Tma Koonmgs durmg the penod
August 1 200:3 to March 31 2005 mclusIVe I note that the umon and gnevor have
agreed, wIthout admIttmg relevance that the emaII messages and other wntten
commumcatIOns to be produced pursuant to thIs paragraph mclude emaII messages
and other wntten commumcatIOns between Tma Koonmgs and any prmcIpal,
employee or representatIve of eIther LIfford AgencIes or Minam Rogers AgencIes
[3] The partIes and the gnevor are dIrected to promptly conduct appropnate paper
and computer searches m order to comply wIth thIs order Each arguably relevant
document for whIch no claIm of pnvIlege IS asserted IS to be cOIned to counsel
OpposIte or made aVaIlable for mspectIOn by counsel OpposIte and/or a representatIve
of the OpposIte party Documents for whIch any claIm of pnvIlege IS asserted may be
wIthheld from productIOn to the OpposIte party pendmg resolutIOn of any dIspute m
that regard, but the party makmg the claIm shall provIde counsel OpposIte WIth a hst
of all such documents mcluchng (for documents other than commumcatIOns between
the gnevor or a representatIve of one of the partIes and a member of the Law SocIety
of Upper Canada actmg on her or the party s behalf) a descnptIOn of each such
document sufficIent to umquely IdentIfy It together wIth partIculars of the
15
surroundmg CIrcumstances on whIch the claIm of pnvIlege m respect of that
document IS based, Documents for whIch no claIm of pnvIlege IS made are to be
cOIned to or made aVaIlable for mspectIOn by the OpposIte party and hsts of
documents for whIch such a claIm IS made are to be provIded to the OpposIte party on
or before February 9 2006 or such other date as the partIes may agree
[4] The gnevor IS obhged to promptly put the umon m a posItIon to comply wIth ItS
obhgatIOns under the two prevIOUS paragraphs m so far as they relate to documents
m her posseSSIOn custody or power
[5] I am told that the employer s IT staff are reluctant to facIhtate a search of an
employee s workplace computer or hIs/her server-based LCBO emaII account data or
any stored data relatmg to such an account wIthout some form of authonzatIOn or
JustIficatIOn, For clanty therefore I note that thIs order authonzes and reqUIres that
the employer search any computer or machme readable data m ItS possessIOn,
custody or power m whIch there IS reason to beheve that cOInes of messages or
commumcatIOns referred to m paragraph [1] may eXISt.
[6] Further the employer IS entItled and authonzed to search any computer or
machme readable data m ItS own posseSSIOn custody or power m whIch there IS
reason to beheve there may be copIes of arguably relevant messages sent to or from
the gnevor at or from an LCBO emaII address (an address m the lcbo com domam or
any other domam used by the LCBO m ItS busmess) m the penod August 1 2008 to
March '31 2005 mclusIVe mcludmg any commumcatIOn of the sort descnbed m the
second sentence of paragraph [2] above Smce m that penod emaII messages could
have passed between the gnevor at a non LCBO emaII address and someone at an
LCBO emaII address the employer IS also authonzed to search any present or former
workplace computer and any LCBO emaII account data of any employee named m
the partIculars exchanged by the partIes m these proceedmgs m order to locate
arguably relevant emaII messages sent m that penod pertammg to Tma Koonmgs
Each arguably relevant document located as a result of a search descnbed m thIs
paragraph IS to be cOIned to or made aVaIlable for mspectIOn by the umon whether
the employer mtends to rely on It or not.
Dated at Toronto thIS 17th day of February, 2006
~V