HomeMy WebLinkAbout2004-1877.Sajkiewick et al.06-02-09 Decision
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Crown Employees Commission de ~
Grievance Settlement reglement des griefs
Board des employes de la
Couronne ..5-
Suite 600 Bureau 600 Ontario
180 Dundas S1. West 180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8 Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388 Tel. : (416) 326-1388
Fax (416) 326-1396 Telec. : (416) 326-1396
GSB# 2004-1877, 2004-1946, 2004-1947, 2004-2000, 2004-2001, 2004-2002, 2004-2003
UNION# OLB480/04, OLB479/04, OLB482/04, OLB477/04, OLB478/04, OLB481104, OLB483/04
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IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN P, /fRo - 0 Lt.
Ontario Liquor Boards Employees' Union o L~'"
(Sajkiewicz et al.) Union
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Liquor Control Board of Ontario) Employer
BEFORE Nimal V. Dissanayake Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNION Larry Steinberg
Koskie Minsky LLP
Barristers and Solicitors
FOR THE EMPLOYER Alison Renton
Counsel
Liquor Control Board of Ontario
HEARING February 2, 2006.
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Decision
The Board is seized with seven individual grievances filed by grievors Jack Sajkiewicz,
Johannes Van Hezwick, Robert Heath, Kerman Katrak, Paul Dang, Doug Liverance and Donatu
Ong, respectively. Since the issue raised in all of the grievances is the same, they were heard
together on consent.
The case was argued on the basis of an agreed statement of facts and documents filed
on consent. The agreed statement of facts read as follows:
AGREED STATEMENT OF FACTS
The Employer and the Union (hereinafter "the parties") agree to the following facts for
the purposes of the hearing and without prejudice or precedent to positions taken or
arguments made in this hearing, other grievances and/or hearings, including arguments
about admissibility of evidence. The Parties agree that additional information may e
presented at the hearing by viva voce evidence.
1. The Grievors are employed as either Shift Leaders or Computer Operator Grade 2' s
and are based at the Employer's head Office at 55 Lake Shore Blvd. East, Toronto
(hereinafter "Head Office Computer Operators"). They are part of the Employer's
IT Division and specifically the Production Services department and they work in
the computer room. A copy of their salary and classification information is
appended hereto as Appendix" A".
2. The computer room operates twenty-four (24) hours a day and seven (7) days per
week. However the Head Office Computer Operators' regular work week is
Monday through Friday, inclusive, for 36.25 hours per week. The Head Office
Computer Operators work, on a rotational basis, on the day, afternoon or night shift.
Their regular work week is set out in Article 6.2(a)(vi) which is appended hereto as
Appendix "B".
3. However, because the computer room operates seven (7) days per week, there is a
requirement for Head Office Computer Operators to work Saturdays and Sundays.
Because these are not their regular days of work, these days attract overtime rates.
4. The department has written guidelines for soliciting overtime called Weekend
Overtime Structure and Procedures (hereinafter "the overtime guideline"). A copy
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of these guidelines are appended hereto as Appendix "C". The overtime guideline
does not set out the overtime rates for work performed.
5. The rates for overtime are set out in Article 6, which is appended hereto as
Appendix "D".
6. The practice in the computer room has been to pay time and half (1 Y2) the Head
Office Computer Operators' regular hourly rate for hours worked on a Saturday and
double time for hours worked on a Sunday if the employee also worked on the
Saturday. This is not in dispute by the Union.
7. The practice in the computer room since the 1996-198 Collective Agreement came
into effect has been to pay time and a half (1 Y2) for hours worked on a Sunday if the
employee did not work on the Saturday immediately preceding the Sunday yet
volunteered to work on the Sunday. This is the issue being disputed by the Union
8. The Durham Retail Service Centre, which is part of the Employer's Logistics
Division, and which is located in Whitby, also has a computer department that
operates twenty-four (24) hours per day and seven (7) days per week. That
department is staffed by Vax System Operators and a copy of their salary and
classification information is appended hereto as Appendix "E".
9. The Vax System Operator's regular work week is 37.5 hours Monday to Friday.
Like the Head Office Computer Operators, they work through rotating day,
afternoon, or night shifts. Their regular work week is set out in Article 6.2(a)(ii)
and a copy is appended hereto as appendix "F".
10. Sometime prior to the period these grievances were filed, the Head Office
Computer Operators learned that the V ax System Operators receive double time
when they work on a Sunday, even if it was not their second consecutive day of
overtime. It is unclear to the length of that practice at Durham. Because of this
information, the Grievors filed individual grievances, at Stage 2. Although the
dates of the grievances differ, they were all filed in July 2004 and allege a
violation of Article 6.6(a) and state "employee is to receive double time when the
employee works on second scheduled day off" and request as a remedy "Two times
rate of pay for all overtime worked on second scheduled day off and all retro pay.
To be made whole in all respect". The amount of retro pay has not been
identified. Copies of the grievances are appended hereto as Appendix "G".
II. In the 1991 Collective Agreement between the Parties, Article 6.6(e) provided:
Where an employee is required to work on a Sunday, provided the Sunday is not
part of the employee's regular shift, the employee shall be paid at the rate of twice
the regular hourly rate of the employee.
12. Article 6.6( e) was changed during the round of collective bargaining that resulted
in the 1996-1998 Collective Agreement. The amended language became:
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Where an employee is required to work on a Sunday, provided the Sunday is not
part of the employee's regular shift, the employee shall be paid at the rate of one
and one half (11/2) the regular hourly rate of the employee.
13. The 1996 language continues to be in effect.
14. Until September 2003, one of the Head Office Computer Operators was Mehta
Karmody who was on the Union's Board of Directors and who was on the Union's
bargaining team that resulted in the 2002-2004 Collective Agreement.
15. The Parties request that the Grievance Settlement Board determine what is the
appropriate payment required for the Head Office Computer Operators when they
work overtime on Sundays, but not when they work on the proceeding Saturday.
(Appendices omitted)
The employer pays for Saturday and Sunday work as follows. If an employee works on
both days of a week-end, i.e. Saturday and Sunday, he/she is paid at one and one half times for
the Saturday hours and at double time for the Sunday hours. However, if an employee only
works on the Sunday, the employer pays him/her only at one and one half times for the Sunday
hours. The grievors claim payment at double time for Sunday hours even when they had not
worked the preceding Saturday.
At the centre of the dispute are the following provisions of the collective agreement.
6.6(a) Authorized work performed in excess of the employee's normal work day
shall be paid at the rate of one and one half (1~) times the normal hourly
rate of the employee unless otherwise provided in this Agreement. All work
performed on any second consecutive day of overtime shall be paid at
double the employee's normal rate of pay. It is understood that an
employee is to receive double rates when the employee works on the
employee's second scheduled day off.
6.6(e) Where an employee is required to work on a Sunday, provided the Sunday is
not part of the employee's regular shift, the employee shall be paid at the rate
of one and one half (1 Y2) the regular hourly rate of the employee.
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The union relies on article 6.6(a), and specifically the last sentence therein. Since the
grievor's regular work week is Monday to Friday, counsel points out that Saturday and Sunday
are their scheduled days off. Saturday is their fIrst scheduled day off and Sunday is their second
scheduled day off. Article 6.6(a) stipulates that an employee is to receive double rates when the
employee works on the employee's "second scheduled day off'. Since Sunday is the second
scheduled day off for the grievors, counsel argues that article 6.6(a) requires payment of
overtime at double rates when they work on Sunday, regardless of whether they had worked on
the preceding Saturday.
In further support of the grievances, union counsel relied on the employer's practice at
its Durham Retail Service Centre Warehouse, (Paragraphs 8, 9, 10 of the agreed facts) where
employees in similar circumstances have been paid at double rate for Sunday work, whether or
not they had worked on the preceding Saturday. Union counsel submitted that the management
at the warehouse applied the collective agreement correctly while the collective agreement was
contravened by the employer with respect to these grievors at its head office.
Counsel for the employer submitted that, on the facts of this case the governing
provision is article 6.6(e). It clearly and specifically stipulates that where an employee is required
to work on a Sunday day off, the applicable rate is 11'2 times the regular rate. In the 1991
collective agreement the rate prescribed was "twice the regular hourly rate". However, starting
with the 1996-98 agreement the parties explicitly changed that to "one and one half the regular
hourly rate". Counsel relied on the long-standing cannon of interpretation that a specific
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provision prevails over a more general provision. (Re Canadian WestinQ:house, (1955) 5 L.A.C.
2101 (Hanrahan).
Union counsel does not dispute the cannon of interpretation relied upon by the employer.
However, he points out that article 6.6(a) specifically deals with the rate payable where an
employee works on his "second scheduled day off'. Therefore, he argues, article 6.6(a) is the
specific provision which should prevail over article 6.6( e).
I fIrst turn to the "practice evidence" relied upon by the union. It is my view that the
employer's practice at its warehouse is of no assistance in interpreting the provisions in question.
What the evidence discloses is that the employer had one practice at its Durham warehouse and a
different practice at its head office. There is no evidence of a consistent practice. Evidence of
"mixed practices' does not shed any light on the parties' intention since it fails to demonstrate
any consensus between the parties as to the relevant meaning of the provision in dispute. See Re
Overlander Extended Care Hosoital, (2002) 105 L.A.C. (4th) 310 (Germaine).
In Re Gerrard, 2908/02 (Dissanayake), application for judicial review dismissed Ont.
Div. Ct. May 21, 2004, I was faced with a similar situation as set out in the following passage at
p.5:
I agree that article 7.6 read by itself, appears to apply to the facts before me, in that it
does not explicitly qualify the entitlement to employees not included in the schedule or to
unexpected "call-ins". However, the diffIculty is that on a plain reading, article 7.4 also
is applicable to the facts here. If article 7.4 is applied, the grievor is entitled to double
time only for the actual hours worked. If article 7.6 is applied, on the other hand, he is
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entitled to his regular daily hours at double time. The latter provision confers a greater
benefit than the former.
At pp. 5-6 I reasoned:
In the face of this apparent contradiction between two articles, one must look for an
interpretation which is reasonable and makes more sense. Both articles cannot be applied
at the same time because they lead to different results. It must be noted that premium
payments for working on a paid holiday represent a recognition of the inconvenience and
sacrifice resulting when an employee, who otherwise was entitled to take the day off,
agrees to work. Extending that same rationalization, it makes very good logic, that
greater the inconvenience and sacrifice, greater the monetary reward should be. On that
reasoning, I prefer the employer's position. Where an employee who was not scheduled
in advance to work on the holiday agrees to work on that day at short notice, the
inconvenience and sacrifice would generally be greater. The employee may, for instance,
have to cancel plans he or she had already made for the day. He or she may have to
make last minute arrangements such as for child care. In contrast, an employee who was
scheduled in advance would have always planned to work on the holiday. The
inconvenience and sacrifice, if any, would be less. Thus, it is logical that the parties
would intend that the former employee be rewarded with a greater premium than the
latter.
In dismissing the grievance, I concluded at p. 7:
The interpretation advocated by the employer resolves the inconsistency between articles
7.4 and 7.6 on a reasonable and logical basis. On the other hand, the interpretation urged
by the union, in effect, renders article 7.4 redundant. In the circumstances, I prefer the
former interpretation.
Similar reasoning applies in the present case. The premium payment for overtime work
has two main purposes. First, it rewards the employee for the inconvenience and sacrifice he
makes by working on what would have been his personal free time. Second, it serves as a
disincentive to the employer against engaging employees to work on their days off. As I stated
in Re Gerrard (suora) the logic of "greater the inconvenience and sacrifice, greater the monetary
reward should be" makes very good sense.
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If the union's interpretation is accepted, that rationale for overtime premiums falls apart.
To illustrate, assume 2 employees X and Y have Saturday and Sunday as scheduled days off. X
works on Saturday only and receives pay at 1 Y2 times. Y works on Sunday only but gets paid at
twice the rate. Union counsel, upon being questioned by the Board, could not explain why Y's
sacrifice by working on the Sunday should be worth any more than X's sacrifice by working on
the Saturday, since each had sacrificed one of their two scheduled days off. It does not make
sense that the parties would intend to bestow a greater reward on Y, when the inconvenience and
sacrifice he suffers is the same as that of X.
Adopting the union's interpretation would render article 6.6(e) redundant. That is a
result that must be avoided if some other reasonable interpretation is possible. In my view, both
provisions, articles 6.6(a) and 6.6(e), are capable of being interpreted and applied in a reasonable
and rational manner.
In my view, where article 6.6(a) refers to "when the employee works on the employee's
second scheduled day off', it envisages that the employee has already worked on a prior day off.
The words were intended to mean, "the second scheduled day off the employee has worked".
The preceding sentence in article 6.6(a) stipulates that double time is payable where an employee
works on any second consecutive day. That recognizes that working overtime on a second
consecutive day involves greater inconvenience and sacrifice, and therefore merits greater
reward. Similarly, the last sentence is a recognition that where an employee works on two days
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off, whether consecutive or not, working on the second of those two is more onerous. In other
words, working on any day off involves inconvenience and sacrifice. Therefore, the employee is
rewarded with pay at 1 Y2 times. However, where the employee works on an additional (second)
day off, it requires even greater inconvenience and sacrifice. Therefore the second of the two
days off he works attracts a greater reward than the first day off he works. That interpretation
gives efficacy to that provision, and also avoids rendering article 6.6( e) redundant.
It follows from the foregoing interpretation that where, as in the present case, employees
only work on the day off Sunday, the governing provision is article 6.6(e). It requires payment at
1 Y2 times for that work, and the employer has complied with that requirement.
F or those reasons, all of the grievances are hereby dismissed.
Dated this 9th day of February, 2006 at Toronto, Ontario
Nnn1l~s~r7"i:J--!-
Vice-Chairperson