HomeMy WebLinkAbout2002-2441.Union Grievance.06-03-27 Decision
Crown Employees
Grievance Settlement
Board
Suite 600
180 Dundas Sl. West
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388
Fax (416) 326-1396
Commission de
reglement des griefs
des employes de la
Couronne
Bureau 600
180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tel. : (416) 326-1388
Telec. : (416) 326-1396
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
Nj
~
Ontario
GSB# 2002-2441
UNION# 2002-0999-0018
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
BETWEEN
BEFORE
FOR THE UNION
FOR THE EMPLOYER
FOR THE
INTERVENORS
HEARING
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(Union Grievance)
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Government Services)
- and -
Ne-Chee Friendship Centre
North Bay Indian Friendship Centre
Ininew Friendship Centre
Gawedo Kwa Nahnik Inc.
Ken Petryshen
Richard Blair
Ryder Wright Blair & Holmes LLP
Barristers and Solicitors
David Strang, Senior Counsel
Janice Campbell, Counsel
Ministry of Government Services
Ms. Marie Elena Tracey O'Donnell, Barrister
and Solicitor, for Ne-Chee Friendship Centre,
North Bay Indian Friendship Centre and
Ininew Friendship Centre;
Mr. V. Pawis for Gawedo Kwa Nahnik Inc.
February 27, 2006.
Union
Employer
Intervenors
Vice-Chair
2
Decision
This is a proceeding in connection with what is commonly referred to as the Union's
bargaining unit integrity grievance, which is dated June 12,2002. Consistent with the
Procedural Protocol developed by the parties in June of 2003 for dealing with this grievance, the
Union advised the Employer that the services provided by Native Inmate Liaison Officers
("NILOs") in Northern Ontario constitute bargaining unit work. These services are provided
pursuant to fee-for-service agreements ("the Program Agreements") entered into between the
Crown in Right of Ontario as represented by the Minister of Community Safety and Correctional
Services ("the Ministry") and various Service Providers. When the parties met to address the
NILO issue in mediation on November 17, 2005, counsel for the Employer indicated that the
Employer would notify the northern Service Providers of this proceeding. Counsel subsequently
wrote to the Grievance Settlement Board ("the Board") requesting the opportunity for some of
the Service Providers to participate in the proceeding as third parties. At a hearing on February
27,2006, I entertained submissions on whether Service Providers are entitled to intervene as
third parties and this decision addresses that issue. The Employer supported the efforts of the
Service Providers to attain intervener status while the Union opposed the granting of intervener
status.
Four Service Providers appeared at the hearing seeking third party intervener status. Ms.
T. O'Donnell appeared on behalf of three Friendship Centers, namely the Ne-Chee Friendship
Centre located in Kenora, the North Bay Indian Friendship Centre and the Ininew Friendship
Centre in Cochrane which provides a NILO to service the Monteith Correctional Complex. Mr.
3
V. Pawis is a NILO who appeared on behalf of his own entity, Gawedo Kwa Nahnik Inc., the
fourth Service Provider.
The bargaining unit integrity grievance was filed under the Collective Agreement
between the Crown in right of Ontario as represented by Management Board of Cabinet and the
Ontario Public Service Employees Union. As one would expect, the Service Providers are not a
party to the Collective Agreement. The Union claims in the grievance that "The Employer is
violating the Collective Agreement by employing Agency Staff, Fee for Service Staff and
Consultants to perform bargaining unit work." It requests that the Employer "Immediately post
and fill vacancies in accordance with Articles 6 and 56" and it seeks "Appropriate retroactivity,
including union dues." In this specific proceeding, the Union asserts that the work performed by
NILOs in their respective correctional institutions in northern Ontario is bargaining unit work.
The Union does not claim or assert that the NILOs are employees of the Crown. As it made
clear in Re Ontario Public Service Employees Union and Ministry of Health and Long Term
Care (Union), #1942/94 (Fisher), which concerned the use of agency staff in the Trillium Drug
Program, the Board does not have the jurisdiction to declare a NILO an employee of the Crown.
The Union seeks an order directing the Employer to cease and desist engaging the northern
Service Providers to perform bargaining unit work and to post the bargaining unit jobs as full-
time or part-time positions, as warranted.
Since June 2003, a considerable number of disputes arising from the grievance have been
addressed under the Procedural Protocol. The vast majority of these disputes were resolved at
the mediation stage. Only a handful of disputes proceeded to a hearing. To my knowledge, this
is the first occasion where an agency, a fee-for-service provider or a consultant has sought
standing to intervene in a proceeding.
4
The Native Inmate Liaison Program ("Program") has been operating for a significant
number of years. Mr. Pawis, for example, has been a NILO for approximately nine years. The
services provided by the Service Providers and the obligations of the Service Providers and the
Ministry can be ascertained by examining the terms of the Program Agreements. The parties
filed four Program Agreements, one for each of the Service Providers who appeared at the
hearing. The terms of the Program Agreements are virtually identical.
The Program Agreement contains two parts. The first part is the main body of the
agreement, which sets out the obligations of the Service Provider and the Ministry. Without
referring to all of the provisions in this part, I note that Article 2 sets out the duties of the Service
Provider. The Service Provider is to consult with the Ministry in the development and operation
of the Program, which shall be of a quality and standard acceptable to the Ministry, and any
changes are to be approved by the Ministry. The Service Provider shall comply with any
directives standards, policies, procedures and instructions issued in writing from the Ministry
relating to the Program. The Service Provider is required to maintain individual files and to
complete written reports on clients and forward these to the Ministry upon request. It is also
required to provide the Ministry with the clients' progress. Pursuant to article 3, the Ministry
agrees to pay an agreed to amount to the Service Provider for the services it is required to
provide under the Program Agreement. Article 4 deals with the placement and withdrawal of
clients. The Ministry is the final authority for the placement of clients in or removal from the
Program. Article 5 provides that the term of the agreement is one year. Either party can
terminate the Program Agreement upon ninety days prior written notice. Article 15 provides that
the Courts of Ontario shall have jurisdiction to entertain any action or legal proceedings based on
the provisions of the Program Agreement.
5
Schedule "A", the second part of the Program Agreement, sets out the goal and objectives
of the Program, as well as the responsibilities of the Service Provider and the NILO. The
sections referring to the goal and the objectives read as follows:
GOAL:
To assist Native inmates serving terms of imprisonment in their successful reintegration
into the community by providing culturally relevant programs, services and activities
aimed at promoting Aboriginal healing and wellness. The Native Inmate Liaison Worker
Program will address the unique needs of Native inmates within the "healing
continuum" through support and services that promote healthy functioning with all
aspects of their lives and their communities.
OBJECTIVES:
1. To provide support, assistance, and rehabilitative care to Native inmates by offering
cultural counselling and follow-up services and community resource information
including referral and liaison services.
2. To provide the necessary cultural and spiritual resources required to deliver healing
and wellness activities such as e.g. sweat lodge ceremonies, healing circles,
smudging, drumming which will include where necessary Elders and other resource
people as well as gathering and supplying the traditional ceremonial medicines for
offender use.
3. To provide liaison services between Native inmates and the community to ensure
access to resources aimed at meeting their educational, employment, housing, health
or other identified needs.
The responsibilities referred to in schedule "A" are numerous. Without referring too
them all, they include:
RESPONSIBILITIES:
· Plan, organize and facilitate Native Programs and activities on a regular basis,
providing an itinerary of events as requested by the institution.
· Interview all Native inmates upon admission to inform them of programs and
services available.
· Assist Native inmates with the development and verification of Temporary Absence
plans for work, education or treatment etc.
6
· Act as a liaison between Native clients and staff/community groups/Probation and
Parole services, Elders and Spiritual teachers, Native Community Corrections
workers and other service providers.
· Develop, coordinate and maintain regular cultural programs and cultural, social and
spiritual activities that focus on positive personal growth.
· Facilitate communication between Native inmates, their families, institutional staff
and other agencies.
· Actively establish community involvement in order to assist the offender in positive
healing.
· Assist with the development of discharge plans for Native inmates.
· Provide offender counselling and assistance to Native inmates who wish to practice
traditional ways (i.e. seasonal feasts, sweet grass ceremonies, sweat lodge
ceremonies, spiritual guidance) and attend interfaith meetings within the institution
where applicable and coordinate activities with Chaplain Services.
· To actively seek cultural training for professional development.
Each Program Agreement provides that the NILO will provide services exclusively to
clients of the Ministry. Three of the Program Agreements require the NILO to provide direct on
site services five days per week. The exception is the one involving the North Bay Jail, which
provides for a part-time schedule.
The Friendship Centers are non-profit native organizations operated by volunteers.
Through a variety of programs, they provide cultural and other services to natives in urban areas
thereby providing a link between natives and their native communities. By means of the Native
Inmate Liaison Program, with its culturally related programs, the NILOs address the mental,
physical and spiritual needs of native inmates. The staff of the Friendship Centers is not
unionized.
7
I was referred to a number of decisions which address the right of a third party to
participate in a proceeding. A review of these decisions discloses the following general
principles. An interest in the outcome of a proceeding is not enough to entitle a person to
standing. As the Courts and arbitration boards have indicated, a person must be directly and
necessarily affected by the decision before a right to receive notice and to participate in the
proceeding arises. An indirect interest is not sufficient for the application of the audi alteram
partem principle. Therefore, in any proceeding where a third party seeks standing, a tribunal or
Court must determine whether the third party has a sufficient interest in the proceeding such that
the denial of standing would be contrary to the principles of natural justice. The determination
of whether a third party has a sufficient interest will depend on the circumstances of each case,
taking into account in particular the subj ect matter being dealt with and the nature of the inquiry.
A review of some decisions will serve to illustrate the type of interests which have been found to
warrant the granting of standing to a third party.
The Federal Court of Appeal in Canadian Transit Co. v. Canada (Public Service Staff
Relations Board, [1989] 3 F.C. 611 had to determine whether the applicant was entitled to notice
from the Public Service Staff Relations Board. While deciding that the applicant was so entitled
in the circumstances of that case, the Court indicated that a mere financial interest arising from a
contractual relationship with one of the parties would not be enough to justify giving the third
party standing. At page 614, Marceau lA wrote as follows:
It is clear to me that mere interest in the eventual outcome of a proceeding before a
tribunal, whether financial or otherwise, is not in itself sufficient to give an individual a
right to participate therein. The demands of natural justice and procedural fairness
certainly do not require so much and in any event it would be impossible in practice to go
that far. In my judgment, to be among the interested parties that a tribunal ought to
involve in a proceeding before it to satisfy the requirements of the audi alteram partem
principle, an individual must be directly and necessarily affected by the decision to be
made. His interest must not be merely indirect or contingent, as it is when the decision
8
may reach him only through an intermediate conduit alien to the preoccupation of the
tribunal, such as a contractual relationship with one of the parties immediately involved.
In Telecommunications Workers Union v. Canada (Radio-television and
Telecommunications Commission) (1995), 125 D.L.R. (4th) 471 (S.C.C.), an arbitration board
had determined that the applicant union had the right under its collective agreement with a
telephone company to install cables on that company's support structure. The CRTC, without
notice to the applicant union, directed the telephone company to permit cable firms to install
their own cable on the support structures. The CRTC's ruling had a considerable impact on the
work jurisdiction of the applicant union. In finding that the applicant union was not entitled to
notice or to participate in the CRTC proceeding, and after quoting with approval the above
passage in the judgment of Marceau lA, L'Heureux-Dube l, writing for the majority, wrote as
follows:
.. .In my view, the TWU's interest in the proceedings before the CRTC was purely
indirect. The CRTC decision concerned questions of telecommunications policy. The
CTRC was required to decide on the best way to regulate a monopoly telephone company
in order to preserve the public interest. The purpose behind the CRTC decision was
totally unrelated to the "work jurisdiction" of the TWU. In fact, such a consideration
would have been irrelevant to the CRTC decision. Consequently, the TWU had no
relevant interest to represent before the CRTC. While the TWU may have been affected
by the CRTC decision, the effect of this decision on the TWU was purely indirect.
Accordingly, I conclude that audi alteram partem did not require that the TWU be
provided with notice of the CRTC hearing. The TWU was not a party nor did it have a
direct interest in the proceedings before the tribunal.
Finally, in Re Avenor Inc. and IWA-Canada, Local 2693 (1995), 52 L.AC. (4th) 72
(Bendel), the union alleged that the employer contravened the collective agreement when it
contracted with Upsala Forest Products ("Upsala") to provide certain services. Given the
potential impact on its business, Upsala requested the arbitrator to grant it intervener status. The
arbitrator denied its request. In his reasons, the arbitrator noted that there were three classes of
arbitration cases in which standing was granted to third parties. In describing these three classes
9
of cases and three related themes that help to identify the nature of the interest that justifies
intervener status, he wrote as follows:
In the first class of cases - including Re Hoogendoorn, Re Bradley and Re Riverdale
Health Care Facilities - the union was seeking a remedy that would have a direct and
adverse impact on the interests of a particular employee. The employee was entitled to
participate in the arbitration.
In the second class of cases - including C UP.E. v. Canadian Broadcasting Corp. and Re
Toronto (Municipality) - the union was seeking a ruling that work assigned to employees
in a different bargaining unit should be assigned (or should have been assigned) to
employees in the bargaining unit it represented. The other union was entitled to
participate in the arbitration.
In the third class of cases - including Re Prince George Regional Hospital, Re Petro-
Canada Products, Re Fanshawe College and Re Calgary Television Ltd - the union was
seeking a ruling that persons who were nominally not within the bargaining unit it
represented (whether because they had been treated as management or in a different unit,
or because they were nominally employees of another employer) were really in its
bargaining unit. The employee whose status was in dispute was entitled to participate in
the arbitration, as was the "other employer".
There are three related themes in these cases that serve to identify and describe the type
of interest that justifies intervener status.
Firstly, the nature of the interest the intervener wanted to protect in all these cases was
germane to the core dispute. All the interveners, in these situations, were entitled to
participate since they had interests that were grounded in labour or employment law.
The second feature found in these cases is that the proposed intervener in all these
situations had no recourse, or no effective recourse, to another tribunal to assert its rights.
The third feature found in these cases is that the interests the third parties wanted to
protect were directly and necessarily affected by the proceedings in which they asked to
participate. It was not enough that they might be incidentally affected as a result of a
contractual relationship with one of the parties to the dispute...
While acknowledging the practical consequences for Upsala, arbitrator Bendel
summarized his conclusions based on the facts before him as follows:
In summary, the proposed interveners have no interest to pursue that is relevant to the
core dispute before me, which is an allegation by the union that the employer has violated
the collective agreement. Upsala retains, both as a matter of law and in practical terms,
whatever rights and recourses it might have against the employer, as in the same way as
its employees' rights and recourses against Upsala are unaffected. Their interest in this
10
arbitration is merely indirect or contingent. According to the principles found in the case
law, an interest of this nature does not warrant the granting of intervener status.
The parties also referred to the following decisions: Cardinal v. Kent Institution,
[1985] 2 S.C.R 643, Re Assn. of Management, Administrative and Professional Crown
Employees of Ontario v. Ontario (Management Board Secretariat), [2002] O.G.S.B.A No.23
(Knopf), Re Ontario Public Service Employees Union v. Ontario (Ministry of Health and Long-
Term Care), [2002] O.G.S.B.A No. 12 (Fisher), British Columbia Telephone Co. v. Shaw Cable
Systems (B.C) Ltd (1995), 125 D.L.R (4th) 443 (SCC), Re Consumers Glass Ltd and
Teamsters, Local 213, [1997] B.C.C.AAA No. 376 (Chertkow), Re Fanshawe College and
o.P.s.E. U (1991), 19 L.AC. (4th) 162 (Brent) and Re Ontario (Ministry of Health and Long-
Term Care) and o.P.s.E. U (2001), 110 L.AC. (4th) 80 (RM. Brown).
The submissions of counsel for the Friendship Centers, counsel for the Employer and Mr.
Pawis reflected similar themes. On behalf of the three Friendship Centers, Ms. O'Donnell
argued that natural justice and fairness required that the Service Providers be granted intervener
status in the circumstances of this case. In her submission, the Program Agreements between the
Ministry and the Service Providers and the unique interests arising from the nature of the
services provided by NILOs illustrate that the Service Providers are directly and necessarily
affected by this proceeding. Ms. O'Donnell conceded that the circumstances here did not fall
within any of the three classes of cases referred to in Re Avenor Inc., supra. However, she
submitted that there are a number of unique and exceptional features in this case. Even though
the Service Providers are paid a fee to provide services to native inmates, Ms. O'Donnell
emphasized that financial gain is not the objective of the Program. Rather than a commercial
endeavour, a common feature of the decisions on standing, she submitted that the wide range of
services the NILOs provide are so unique that they cannot be defined in terms of a typical job.
11
In providing an holistic approach to cultural matters and establishing a link between native
inmates and their native communities, counsel indicated that the NILOs work on a 24 hours 7
day a week basis, both within and outside the institutions, and that their work continues after an
inmate is released. Ms. O'Donnell also noted that, given the nature of the services they provide,
the Service Providers would not have an effective remedy against the Ministry, in damages or
otherwise, should the Union succeed and the Program Agreements be cancelled. Counsel
maintained that these elements of the Program establish a sufficient interest entitling the Service
Providers to intervener status.
Mr. Pawis described his role in providing healing and culturally relevant programs to
native inmates and the importance of access to the native community for the success of the
programs. He indicated that over the years he has established a relationship of trust with the
community and native inmates which could be seriously affected if the Program was to be
altered as a result of this proceeding. Mr. Pawis submitted that his voice should be heard, given
the significance of the services he provides and the impact this proceeding could have on him
and the native community.
Counsel for the Employer noted as well that the Program Agreements are not the typical
kind of commercial agreements dealt with in the decisions on standing. Counsel submitted that
the longstanding nature of the relationship between the Ministry and the Service Providers is a
particularly relevant factor when considering the question of standing in this proceeding.
Counsel for the Union made lengthier submissions during which he referred to many of
the decisions referred to previously. In essence, the Union took the position that the Service
Providers do not have a direct interest in this proceeding. Counsel argued that their interest
12
arises only from the Program Agreements, thereby making that interest indirect and not sufficient
to warrant intervener status.
The inquiry before me concerns a dispute between the Employer and the Union under
their Collective Agreement. The Collective Agreement provides the central framework by which
these parties govern their relationship. The grievance procedure provides a mechanism for
addressing disputes over whether there has been a violation of the Collective Agreement. In this
instance, the Union claims that the Collective Agreement is being contravened because the
NILOs are performing bargaining unit work. It does not claim that the NILOs are employed by
the Ministry. In essence, the Union is seeking a remedy, which will ensure that the work now
performed by the NILOs, to the extent that it is bargaining unit work, is performed by employees
in the bargaining unit. At the centre of this particular dispute therefore is whether the NILOs are
performing bargaining unit work contrary to the Collective Agreement and what remedy is
appropriate if such a contravention is established.
There is no doubt that the Service Providers have an interest in this dispute between the
Union and the Employer. They have entered into a Program Agreement with the Employer for
the provision of important and necessary services to native inmates. The submissions on behalf
of the Service Providers focused on the nature of the Program and the impact a successful claim
by the Union would have on the Program. Mr. Pawis' submissions illustrate the value of the
Program and his role as a NILO, as well as his concerns about changing the Program. There is
no doubt that there would be significant consequences for the Program and the NILOs should the
Union succeed on the merits of its claim. Although the risk of such an impact exists, the
essential question for determination is whether the Service Providers have an interest sufficient
to entitle them to intervene as a party in this proceeding.
13
It is my conclusion that the Service Providers do not have an interest of the type that
entitles them to intervener status. They do not have an interest that relates to the central issue in
this arbitration, namely whether the NILOs are performing bargaining unit work. Only the
Employer and the Union have a direct interest in that issue. The interest of the Service Providers
has no connection with labour or employment law. In this regard, I note again that the Union is
not alleging that the NILOs are employees of the Ministry. The Board's decision in this
arbitration will only affect the Service Providers indirectly. Although they provide unique
services that may be unlike a typical job, the Service Providers are in the same position as any
person that has a contractual relationship with one of the parties. The fact that their interest in
the outcome of this arbitration is not financially based or that the program has been in place for
many years does not transform an indirect interest into a direct one. The fact that there will be
significant consequences for the Service Providers and the NILOs should the Union succeed, by
itself, does not make their interest a direct one. The Service Providers have recourse in the
Courts if the Ministry contravenes any of their rights under the Program Agreements.
Accordingly, for the foregoing reasons, the request of the Service Providers to intervene
as third parties in this proceeding is denied.
Dated at Toronto, this 2ih day of March, 2006.