HomeMy WebLinkAboutUnion 06-11-06
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IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
BETWEEN:
ST. LAWRENCE COLLEGE
(the "Employer")
- and -
OPSEU
(the "Union")
AND IN THE MATTER OF A UNION GRIEVANCE
RE JOB POSTING - OPSEU GRIEVANCE NO. 2002-417-0022
I N T E RIM A WAR 0 #3
Board of Arbitration:
Paula Knopf, Chair
John Podmore, Employer Nominee
Ronald Kelly, Union Nominee
Appearances:
For the Employer
J. Lynn Thomson, Counsel
For the Union
Susan Ballantyne, Counsel
The hearing of this matter was held in Kingston on October 25, 2006.
This case began with the consolidation of 17 grievances alleging that the
College had violated the terms of a Local Agreement (hereinafter referred to as
the Local Agreement) by failing to make full-time appointments to fill the
vacancies that had arisen as the result of the implementation of the parties'
Voluntary Retirement Incentive Plan. Two Interim Awards have already been
issued to the parties on May 7, 2004 and June 15, 2004, giving direction to the
parties regarding the process and defining the scope of arbitral review pertaining
to these grievances. To the parties' credit, they have been able to resolve all but
two of the original grievances. The College has satisfied the Union that there was
not sufficient work remaining after 15 voluntary retirements to warrant the posting
of full-time positions. The two unresolved grievances involve cases where the
Union is alleging that sufficient work remains to warrant the filling of two full-time
positions. Those grievances concern the voluntary retirements of Professors
Molson and Roberts. The parties are now seeking direction from the Board of
Arbitration regarding the extent of the inquiry that must be undertaken to
determine the College's obligation to post full-time positions under the Local
Agreement.
In order to put the current dispute in context, it IS both helpful and
necessary to cite from the earlier Interim Awards:
The Union initiated the idea to reintroduce a voluntary leave
incentive plan for the faculty. The College could have
implemented such a plan without the Union's agreement or input.
However, the parties were wise enough to enter into negotiations
for the implementation of such a plan. In order to facilitate its
funding, they were able to negotiate a mechanism for the back-
filling of retired professors' positions for up to twelve months with
the use of sessionals (and ultimately part-timers). At the same
time, the Union wanted to protect the retiring professors'
positions within the bargaining unit. Initially, the Union wanted an
unconditional guarantee that all positions would be refilled with
full-time appointments. The College made it clear that such a
guarantee could not be given because of the uncertainties
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associated with enrolment and the programmes from which the
retirees would evolve. The parties agreed to address those
concerns by creating a specially constituted committee that had
the power to "mutually agree" when retired positions would not
be filled following the normal UCC and CESC processes. In order
to make this whole scheme work, the College also agreed to
track the retiree positions and provide that information to the
Union at the beginning of every semester. (See Local
Agreement, paragraph 3.)
In addition to these incontrovertible facts, the evidence also
establishes that both parties assumed that the special Committee
would undertake a review of the retiree positions and would
analyze the relevant information rationally and reasonably. It
must therefore be concluded that a rational and reasonable
process was contemplated. As a result, it must be concluded that
the parties established substantive rights under the Loca!
Agreement and also created a process to ensure the
enforcement and the viability of those rights.
The question then arises as to what happens when the
rational and reasonable members of the special Committee fail to
reach mutual agreement about whether retiree positions should
be filled.
In order to answer that question, each aspect of the Local
Agreement must be looked at and the document read as a
whole. First and foremost, the word "guarantee" must be given a
meaning. It is a strong word, connoting a promise or commitment
to fill the retirees' positions. To read this document as a mere
undertaking to fill the retiree positions if the College perceives
that work exists would be even a lesser promise than Article 2 of
the collective agreement now provides. The inclusion of the word
"guarantee" must mean that the College was promising a greater
right than now exists under article 2 of the collective agreement.
... Accordingly, the word guarantee must be given meaning and
effect.
However, it is also clear that the document does not create
an absolute guarantee. The use of the word guarantee without
any qualification would have obligated the College to replace
every full-time retiree with another full-time bargaining unit
position, regardless of the need or circumstances. Indeed, that is
how the original draft of the document read. However, that draft
was rejected by the College and the parties' discussions were
aimed at addressing the College's concerns. The parties then
...,
-'
negotiated until they reached agreement on the final document
that does contain language that modifies the absolute guarantee.
It created the Committee and allowed for the possibility that that
Committee would agree that retirees' positions need not be filled.
Unfortunately, paragraph (b) does not contain specific
parameters for the committee's deliberations or provide for a
resolution mechanism in the event of a failure to agree. Does this
mean that the Union is granted an effective veto power in the
Committee's operations? The answer to this question can be
found in the rest of the document and the evidence of the parties.
Paragraph (c) obligates the College to track the retiree
positions and provide information to the Union. This is consistent
with the evidence of Ms. White that indicated that the parties
contemplated that the Union would be provided with sufficient
evidence to make informed and rational decisions in the
Committee process. The ieceipt of such information would be
basic to the effective operation of such a committee and the
ability of the Union to fulfill its role effectively. The Union would
also need to be informed of the College's rationale for the
situations where it was not filling the positions. That rationale
would have been provided at the UCC and CESC provisions
referred to in paragraph 2. Therefore, it follows that the parties
were designing a process to get information to the Union and a
process that allowed for reasoned and informed decision-making
by the Committee. The importance of the guarantee is that it puts
an onus on the College to justify its desire not to fill a retiree's
position. But, as Ms. White properly conceded, the Union was not
negotiating a deal whereby it would unreasonably insist on the
filling of a position where no work existed. Therefore, the
guarantee was not absolute or unconditional. But it does create
the presumption that the positions will be filled.
Following the release of the Interim Awards, the parties entered into a
further Memorandum of Agreement on July 26, 2005, implementing a process for
the exchange of documentation prior to the hearing regarding these grievances.
That Memorandum includes the following provisions:
1. Mary Ann White, another representative of the Local (if the
Local desires), the responsible Academic manager and
Cindy Bleakney will meet to discuss the issue. The College
will provide, verbally, at the meeting, the details and
particulars upon which it relies to establish that the
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workload performed by the voluntary retiree no longer
existed one year after the voluntary leave. The Union will
provide, verbally, at the meeting the details and particulars
it relies on to assert the claim that the workload still did
exist one year after the voluntary leave.
2. If, after reflecting on the information discussed at the
meeting, the Union notifies the (sic) Cindy Bleakney, in
writing, that it is not satisfied by the College's verbal
explanation and it wishes to pursue the issue further, the
College will provide, in writing to the Union, the details and
particulars upon which it relies to establish that the
workload performed by the voluntary retiree no longer
existed one year after the voluntary leave within 14 days of
that notification. The Union will provide, in writing to the
College, the details and particulars it relies upon to assert
the claim that the workload still did exist one year after the
voluntary leave within 14 days of receipt of the College's
written explanation. These timelines can be extended by
mutual agreement.
3. If the Union still is not satisfied and wishes to proceed to
arbitration, the Knopf board will have the authority to review
whether or not the College has fulfilled its onus of satisfying
the Union that no workload existed and whether the Union
is acting in good faith in withholding agreement at the
Committee stage.
Finally, it should be pointed out that this Board's prevIous Interim Awards
declared that the scope of arbitral review in this case was limited to the
determination of whether the College had fulfilled its onus of satisfying the Union
that no workload existed and whether the Union was acting in good faith in
withholding agreement at the Committee stage.
The College provided the Union with the rationale for not fulfilling two full-
time positions after the voluntary retirements of Professors Molson and Roberts.
The difference between the parties is over what should or must be taken into
consideration in determining whether a full-time workload exists following the
voluntary retirements. The College asserts that it need only look at the courses
that were being taught by the retiring teacher in his/her last year. The Union
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asserts the College must look beyond the individual's course assignments in their
last year and also look at the effect of the redistribution of his/her courses and
other available work within the department.
The Submissions of the Parties
The Union asserts that the Interim Awards confirmed that the Local
Agreement gave the Employer the right to backfill retiree positions for 12 months
with sessional and part-time faculty in return for the Union acquiring greater
protections for full-time positions than exist under Article 2 of the Collective
Agreement. In a typical Article 2 grievance, the College would have to look at all
the available work. Accordingly the Union argues that the College must look at
all the available work in the department, not just the specific classes taught by
the voluntary retiree in his/her last year of service in order to decide whether a
full-time position continues to exist. The Union stressed that faculty members do
not have ownership of courses, nor are workloads constant, because the
management rights clause allows for the College to make assignment changes
from time to time and there are often curriculum changes. Therefore, it was said
that the College should not be able to limit the inquiry about the workload to the
specific courses being taught in the last year. Accordingly, the Union argues that
since it achieved greater rights under the Local Agreement regarding protection
of full-time positions than it already had under Article 2, it must follow that the
College must look at the retirees' workload, as well as all the available work in
the department, to determine whether a full-time workload continues to exist
following the voluntary retirement.
The College asserts that the answer to this case lies in the Memorandum
of Agreement that the parties entered into following this Board's earlier Interim
Awards. The College stressed that the Memorandum focused specifically on the
"workload performed by the voluntary retiree". Therefore, it was said that that is
all that the College must consider. Accordingly, in the case of Professor Molson,
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it was pointed out that a significant number of the courses that he had taught in
his last year are no longer being offered. The remaining courses would not
constitute a full-time SWF, but were reassigned to other full-time faculty. In this
way, the College says it has fulfilled its duties. However, the College also
concedes that it cannot engage in a "shell game" and answer a grievance such
as this by simply saying that the remaining courses were assigned to full-time
teachers. The College agrees that if the effect of assigning the remaining courses
to other full-time teachers would be that they could not absorb the additional
hours into their allotted workload, the Union would quite properly be entitled to
look at the extra work being done that related to the voluntary retiree. Therefore,
the College concedes that it cannot simply take an entire full-time workload and
redistribute it to other full-timers and claim that that alone satisfies the
requirements of the Local Agreement. The College agrees that the Union is
entitled to see the effect of the redistribution of the voluntary retirees' workload in
order to assess whether it has been absorbed by other full-time members'
workloads. However, the College asserts that the Union is not entitled to have
the entire workload of the department examined in one of these grievances as if
it were an Article 2 case. It is asserted that once the College has been able to
satisfy the Union or this Board of Arbitration that the retirees' courses are no
longer being taught or were assigned to other full-time faculty members without
them having other work reassigned, the College will have satisfied its onus
pursuant to the Local Agreement.
The College also asserts that looking beyond the voluntary retirees' last
workload is inconsistent with the Memorandum of Agreement and would take this
case into the realm of an Article 2 grievance. It was pointed out that Article 2
grievances have actually been filed with regard to this same situation and are
awaiting the outcome of this case. Therefore, it was said that the remedy the
Union may be seeking would properly be determined through the Article 2
process, not through the grievances at hand.
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THE DECISION
The Voluntary Retirement Incentive Plan was a good idea for both parties.
The retirements could be funded through the lesser cost of new hires and the
backfilling with sessional and part-timers for the first 12 months. The Union would
be able to maintain the size of the bargaining unit by bringing in new teachers
and filling vacant positions with full-time members after 12 months. The parties
are to be commended for their design and implementation of this creative
scheme and for their success at resolving 15 grievances that had been filed with
respect to whether full-time positions continued to exist. It is to their credit that
only two grievances remain outstanding.
The parties are now seeking specific direction about what can be
considered to determine whether full-time positions continue to exist following the
voluntary retirements of two professors.
By virtue of our Interim Awards and the parties' Memorandum of
Agreement, the onus is on the College to establish that "the workload performed
by the voluntary retiree no longer existed one year after the voluntary leave".
The central issue at this time is the meaning of "workload performed by the
voluntary retiree".
There is certainly logic and practicality to the College's position. It would
have the term "workload" in the Memorandum of Agreement mean simply the
courses being taught by the voluntary retiree in his/her last year of service and
require the tracking of the redistribution of those specific courses to other faculty
members. However, such an interpretation or approach ignores both the
language and the intent of the Local Agreement. That fundamental document
gave the Union a "guarantee that the retired positions will be filled" unless the
specially-formulated committee agrees otherwise. As stated above, this was not
an absolute guarantee. But it was a protection of positions that gave the Union
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greater rights than already existed under Article 2. It was a promise to continue
full-time positions if the workload continued to exist. In other words, that
qualified "guarantee" or protection of positions arose out of the College's promise
to continue to retain a full-time position if that position would have continued to
exist, but for the voluntary retirement. There was no guaranty to continue the
teacher's specific courses. The "guarantee" was for the retention of the full-time
position or workload. Accordingly, because faculty members' workloads are
subject to change, the specific courses being taught by the voluntary retiree in
his/her last year are not what is critically important. What is important is whether
the full-time workload of the voluntary retiree would have continued, but for the
retirement. Put another way, if the voluntary retiree had not retired, wouldhis/her
full-time workload have continued? In order to answer that question, the College
and the Union must look beyond the particular courses being taught by the
retiree. This is the only way to do justice to the parties' Local Agreement and
supplemental Memorandum. This latter document refers to the "workload
performed by the voluntary retiree." Under this Collective Agreement, the
workload is the bundle of duties and responsibilities that are computed into the
workload formula or SWF. If the workload performed by the voluntary retirees
would have continued to exist but for the retirement, then it cannot be said that
the workload no longer exists. Accordingly, the parties must look beyond the
specific courses being taught by the voluntary retiree to see if a full-time position
continues to exist 12 months following the voluntary retirement.
The result of this interpretation does not mean that the College's hands
are tied with regard to other positions. If, because of a downturn in enrolment or
other operational imperatives, the staff complement has to be altered, the
College is still free to do so. However, the legitimacy of those decisions would be
tested under the traditional Article 2 grievance process. The effect of the ruling in
this case is simply with regard to the consequence of the voluntary retiree and
the redistribution of his/her workload. To put it simply, if the facts establish that
but for the voluntary retirement the full-time position would have continued, the
."
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Local Agreement and Memorandum required that that position continue to exist.
If, at the same time, other circumstances result in the reduction in the full-time
complement, management's ability to make those changes is subject to the
requirement that it adhere to Article 2 of the Collective Agreement.
For all the reasons that are stated above, we agree with the Union's
position, and declare that the Employer must look beyond the voluntary retiree's
list of courses to determine whether the workload performed by the voluntary
retiree continued to exist one year after the voluntary leave.
We remain seized with regard to the implementation of this Award should
the parties require our further assistance.
DATED at TORONTO this 6th day of November, 2006.
"John Podmore" - I concur
John Podmore, Employer Nominee
"Ronald Kelly" - I concur
Ronald Kelly, Union Nominee