HomeMy WebLinkAboutReyes 08-08-20
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IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION Pursuant to the Labour Relations
Act, R.S. 1995
BETWEEN:
INTERIM PLACE
“Employer”
- and -
ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES UNION (OPSEU), Local 518
“Union”
(Individual grievances of L. Reyes 2012-0518-0004/2014-0518-0014)
PRELIMINARY DECISION (re Timeliness)
ARBITRATOR: Kim Bernhardt
On Behalf of the Employer:
Sydney Kruth, Counsel, Mathews Dinsdale & Clark LLP
On Behalf of the Union:
Jane Letton, Counsel, Ryder Wright Blair & Holmes LLP
Heard in Toronto on August 16, 2018
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1. The Union filed two grievances on behalf of Ms. Reyes (the “Grievor”), one
on August 3, 2012, and the second on July 19, 2014. In March 2016 the
Union notified the Employer that they were forwarding the grievances on
to arbitration. The Employer takes the position that the Union missed the
Collective Agreement’s mandatory time limits for submitting the
grievances to arbitration and that an arbitrator lacked the power to extend
the time limits outlined in the arbitration procedure.
2. For the reasons outlined below the Employer’s preliminary objection is
upheld and the grievances are dismissed.
FACTUAL BACKGROUND
The parties are in general agreement about the facts, other than as otherwise
noted.
3. The first grievance was filed on August 3, 2012 and alleged that the
Employer had fostered a poisoned work environment, failed to provide for
the Grievor’s health and safety, and inadequately addressed the Grievor’s
concerns about being bullied. According to the grievance these actions
were in violation of Articles 5) (Discrimination, Harassment and Bullying),
4) (Management Rights), and 30) (Health and Safety) of the Collective
Agreement (C/A) as well as Bill 168 (the Occupational Health & Safety
Act; OHSA), and “human rights” (presumably a reference to the Human
Rights Code of Ontario; the Code).
4. The Employer provided a written response to this grievance on August 10,
2012 stating that the grievance did not cite a violation of an article under
the C/A but rather should be brought forth under the organization’s
Workplace Violence and Harassment Prevention Policy (the Policy) and
provided information regarding the filing of a complaint under the Policy.
No further steps were taken in the grievance procedure by the Union until
March 2016 when the Union informed the Employer that this grievance
was being moved forward to arbitration (along with the second grievance
of July 19, 2014).
5. After receiving the Employer’s August 10, 2012 response, the Grievor left
the workplace on a medical Leave of Absence, returning sometime in
2014, prior to mid-July 2014.
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6. The second grievance was filed on July 19, 2014, again citing violations of
Bill 168 (OHSA) and violations of Articles 4, 5, 30 of the C/A (as
referenced above in paragraph 3), as well as Article 10 (Discipline and
Discharge). The grievance alleges that the Employer’s actions of making
misleading and untrue statements about the Grievor’s work performance
negatively impacted her in the workplace and caused her great anguish.
7. During the July 25, 2014 Step 1 meeting the grievance was denied, soon
after which the Grievor again left the workplace on a medical leave of
absence (LOA). In August 2014 the Union contacted the Employer and
requested confirmation in writing that the grievance proceedings could be
postponed until the Grievor returned from her medical LOA.
8. The Employer responded to this request in an email on August 7, 2014
stating that as the medical documentation said that the Grievor would be
off work until August 11, they could “postpone her grievance until
Tuesday, August 12. Any further extensions would need to be
negotiated”.
9. As with the 2012 grievance, no further steps were taken in the grievance
procedure by the Union until March 2016 when the Union informed the
Employer that both grievances were being moved forward to arbitration.
On March 28, 2016 the Employer responded in writing to the Union and
stated that the Employer’s position was that the grievances are untimely
and that an arbitrator lacked the jurisdiction to deal with these matters.
10. The parties consented to me hearing this matter, subject to the Employer’s
reserving their right to argue that the grievances were untimely, which the
parties agreed was the only issue to be addressed at the hearing on
August 16, 2018. The parties proceeded by way of documentary evidence
and argument; no witnesses were called.
Employer’s Argument
11. The Employer submits that the Union failed to meet the time limits cited in
the C/A which are mandatory and that any discretion that might have been
granted to an arbitrator under the Labour Relations Act,1995 (LRA or Act)
was also prohibited by operation of the Act under the C/A provisions.
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12. The Employer cites the provisions under Article 9 of the C/A in support of
its position:
“Time Limits
9.04 The time limits fixed in this Article are mandatory but may be extended by
the mutual consent of both parties in writing.
9.05 If any step of the grievance procedure has not been processed by the
Agency within the time limits as prescribed herein, the grievance shall
automatically be advanced to the next step. Should the Union fail to
process the grievance, or file for Arbitration within the time limits
prescribed herein, the grievance shall be deemed to have been
abandoned and Section 48, subsection 16 of the Ontario Labour
Relations Act shall not apply.”
Emphasis was added in Employer’s submission.
13. The Employer argues that in contravention of the requirements to proceed
to Step 2 of the grievance procedure under Article 9.01 the Grievor (and
the Union) failed to submit her grievance in writing to the Executive
Director (or her designate) within 10 days of receiving the response from
the manager under Step 1 (when the matter was brought to her manager’s
attention), and failed to notify the Employer in writing within 10 days of the
Agency’s decision that the matter was being forwarded to arbitration, as
was required under Article 11. Instead, the first grievance was referred
directly to arbitration approximately three years and 8 months later, and
the second grievance was referred approximately one year and 8 months
later.
14. Because of the Union’s breach of the mandatory time limits, the Employer
viewed the two grievances as having been abandoned. Furthermore, the
Employer states that Articles 9.04 and 9.05 (cited above at paragraph 12)
not only establish that the time limits are mandatory, but also that there is
no authority for an arbitrator to exercise their discretion to alter the time
limits under Section 48, subsection 16 of the OLRA.
15. Section 48, subsection 16 reads as follows:
“Extension of time
(16) Except where a collective agreement states that this subsection does
not apply, an arbitrator or arbitration board may extend the time for the
taking of any step in the grievance procedure under a collective
agreement, despite the expiration of the time, where the arbitrator or
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arbitration board is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for the
extension and that the opposite party will not be substantially prejudiced
by the extension.”
The Employer points out that this provision only gives an arbitrator
discretion to extend the time limits for the grievance procedure, not
extending time limits for referring a matter to arbitration (as had been
allowed in previous versions of the Act). As Article 9.05 specifically states
that this provision of the OLRA does not apply, these grievances should
be deemed to have been abandoned. Only the parties could agree to
extend the time limits, which was not done, and the arbitrator lacks any
authority to amend the mandatory time limits
16. The Employer relied upon two decisions in support of their argument.
Following the courts’ decisions in S.E.I.U., Local 204 v. Leisureworld
Nursing Homes Ltd., 1997 CarswellOnt 830, [1997] O.J. No. 1469,
affirmed December 1, 1997, CA C27655 (Ont. C.A.) [Leisureworld] the
Employer argues that the courts confirm that arbitrators have no
jurisdiction to extend the time limit for referral to arbitration.
17. The Employer also relied upon Arbitrator Hunter’s decision in Service
Employees Union, Local 210 v. Canadian Red Cross Society (Union Dues
Grievance), [2000] O.L.A.A. No. 111 [Red Cross], at paragraph 20, for the
proposition that under similar C/A language as the current one, the
parties, but not the arbitrator, are authorized to extend, in writing, the time
limits in the grievance procedure and/or referral to arbitration.
18. In response to the Union’s argument that fairness required that the
grievances be allowed to proceed, the Employer argues that in light of the
length of the delay, it would not be fair to proceed when so much time has
elapsed, which has prejudiced the Employer’s ability to respond.
Union’s Argument
19. The Union does not dispute the facts or timelines and confirms that they
have no further documents to provide about the process followed for the
grievances or referral to arbitration.
20. The Union stipulated that it was the Grievor’s understanding that the
Union was handling the grievance process while the Grievor was absent
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from the workplace on her medical LOA, and speculates that it was
possible that the Union was trying not to interrupt the Grievor while she
was on her medical LOA.
21. Although the Union did not call any witnesses to testify, they argue that it
was obvious that the Union representative at that time believed that the
grievances had been held in abeyance, as evidenced by the March 2016
email correspondence between the Union and the Employer. During the
course of the correspondence the Union notifie d the Employer that “there
were two grievances held in abeyance” that the Grievor indicated she
wanted to move forward to arbitration.
22. The Union does not dispute that the C/A requires the parties to agree in
writing to waive mandatory time limits, and that there is no evidence of
such a written agreement.
23. The Union asks that I consider the nature of the Grievor’s concerns and in
the interest of fairness find that the grievances are arbitrable. The
grievances allege that the Grievor was subject to a poisoned work
environment, bullied, and subjected to breaches of the OHSA and the
Code. As a result, the Union argues that the grievances are serious and
go to the core of being an employee entitled to being treated with dignity in
the workplace.
24. The Union observes that the Grievor’s illness is tied to her workplace
concerns and the reason why she was unable to move the grievances
forward. The Grievor has been unable to work since July 2014 and the
Union argues that justice requires that she should have a determination of
the issues that have made her so ill.
ANALYSIS
25. There is no dispute that the time limits for referring grievances to
arbitration under Articles 9 and 11 of the C/A are mandatory. Nor is there
any dispute that these time limits were not adhered to for either of these
grievances.
26. Despite any understanding that the Grievor or her Union Representative
might have had that there was an agreement with the Employer to hold
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the grievances in abeyance until the Grievor returned from her medical
LOA, there was no evidence of any such agreement, never mind evidence
of a written mutual agreement, as is required under Article 9.
27. Under Article 9 the consequence for failing to process the grievances or
file for Arbitration within the time limits is that the grievances are deemed
to have been abandoned.
28. Only the parties are able to extend the time limits; an arbitrator cannot due
to Article 9 which ousts any discretion that an arbitrator might have under
s. 48 (16) of the OLRA. Simply put, I do not have the authority to waive
the mandatory time limits.
29. The Union asked that I consider the fairness of not proceeding with
grievances that raise important workplace issues, but I am not able to take
such factors into consideration as I lack jurisdiction to exercise any
discretion under this C/A and the OLRA. I am also bound by the courts’
decisions in the Leisureworld case that I lack the power to extend time
limits for steps in the arbitration procedure.
DECISION
30. I do not have the authority to change the time limits, they were breached,
there was no mutual agreement to extend them, and as determined by
Article 9 these grievances were abandoned and cannot proceed.
Issued this 20th day of August 2018 in Oakville, Ontario by
___________________________
Kim S. Bernhardt, Sole Arbitrator