HomeMy WebLinkAbout2007-0356.McIntosh.08-03-10 Decision
Commission de
Crown Employees
Grievance Settlement
règlement des griefs
Board
des employés de la
Couronne
Suite 600 Bureau 600
180 Dundas St. West 180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8 Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388 Tél. : (416) 326-1388
Fax (416) 326-1396 Téléc. : (416) 326-1396
GSB# 2007-0356
UNION# 2007-0584-0001
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(McIntosh)
Union
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ontario Clean Water Agency)
Employer
BEFOREVice-Chair
Ken Petryshen
FOR THE UNION Jim Paul
Grievance Officer
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
FOR THE EMPLOYER Felix Lau
Counsel
Ministry of Government and Consumer
Services
HEARING
January 15, 2008.
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Decision
In a grievance dated January 30, 2007, Mr. K. McIntosh claims that he was not paid
correctly for working two call backs on the Thanksgiving Day paid holiday in 2006. The
Employer claims that he was paid correctly. There was no challenge to my jurisdiction to hear
and determine this grievance.
The parties agreed on the following facts. Mr. McIntosh holds a full-time position as an
Instrument Foreman for OCWA in South Peel. His regular shift in his home position is 8 hours
per day, 40 hours per week, Monday to Friday. Mr. McIntosh was not scheduled to work the
Thanksgiving Day paid holiday that fell on Monday, October 9, 2006. In the normal course,
therefore, Mr. McIntosh would have received 8 hours pay pursuant to Article 47 of the
Collective Agreement, the holiday provision. Mr. McIntosh was called back to work twice on
October 9, 2006. On the first call back he worked from 8:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. and was paid 2
times his base rate for 8 hours pursuant to Article UN 13.1 of the Collective Agreement and 8
hours pay pursuant to Article UN 13.2. The Employer takes the position that the payment
provided for in UN 13.2 is payment for the paid holiday. On the second call back, Mr. McIntosh
worked from 11:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. For this call back, he was paid 2 times his base rate for 8
hours pursuant to UN 13.1 and was paid 8 hours pay pursuant to UN 13.2. The Employer agrees
that the payment Mr. McIntosh received for the second call back is consistent with the decision
inRe OPSEU (Frame) and Ontario Clean Water Agency (2005), GSB No. 2004-1103
(Leighton).
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The provisions of the Collective Agreement that are particularly relevant to this dispute
are as follows:
ARTICLE 47 ? HOLIDAYS
47.1 An employee shall be entitled to the following paid holidays each year:
(11 days listed, including ?Thanksgiving Day?)
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ARTICLE UN 9 ? CALL Back
UN 9.1 An employee who leaves his or her place of work and is subsequently called
back to work prior to the starting time of his or her next scheduled shift shall be
paid a minimum of four (4) hours pay at one and one-half (1½ ) times his or her
basic hourly rate.
?
ARTICLE UN 13 ? HOLIDAY PAYMENT
UN 13.1 Where an employee works on a holiday included under Article 47 (Holidays) of
the Central Collective Agreement, he or she shall be paid at the rate of two (2)
times his or her basic hourly rate for all hours worked with a minimum credit of
seven and one-quarter (7¼ ), eight (8), or the number of regularly scheduled
hours, as applicable.
UN 13.2 In addition to the payment provided by Article 13.1, an employee who works on
the holiday shall receive either seven and one-quarter (7¼) or eight (8) hours
pay as applicable at his or her basic hourly rate or compensating leave of seven
and one-quarter (7¼) hours or eight (8) hours as applicable, provided the
employee opts for compensating leave prior to the holiday.
UN 13.3 It is understood that UN 13.1 and UN 13.2 apply only to an employee who is
authorized to work on the holiday and who actually works on the holiday, and
that an employee who, for any reason, does not actually work on the holiday
shall not be entitled to the payments described herein.
UN 13.4 When a holiday included under Article 47 (Holidays) of the Central Collective
Agreement coincides with an employee?s scheduled day off and he or she does
not work on that day, the employee shall be entitled to receive another day off.
UN 13.5 Any compensating leave accumulated under UN 13.2 and UN 13.4 may be
taken off at a time mutually agreed upon. Failing agreement, such time may be
taken in conjunction with the employee?s vacation leave or regular day(s) off, if
requested one (1) month in advance.
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Article 47, the holiday provision, provides that an employee shall be entitled to eleven
paid holidays each year, one of which is Thanksgiving Day. An employee who is called back to
work pursuant to Article UN 9 shall be paid a minimum of 4 hours pay at 1½ times his or her
basic hourly rate. Article UN 13, the holiday payment provision, contains two pay clauses which
apply when an employee works on a holiday. UN 13.1 provides that an employee shall be paid
at the rate of 2 times his or her basic hourly rate for all hours worked with a minimum credit of
7¼ or 8 hours. UN 13.2 provides that the employee shall also receive 7 ¼ or 8 hours pay at his
or her basic hourly rate or the equivalent compensating leave. UN 13.3 makes it clear that the
first two provisions in UN 13 only apply to an employee who actually works on the paid holiday.
What makes these particular provisions relevant of course is that Mr. McIntosh was called back
to work on a paid holiday.
The essence of the dispute arising from the grievance is whether an employee who is
called back to work on a paid holiday is entitled to 8 hours pay pursuant to Article 47, in addition
to pay received pursuant to UN 13. In other words, does UN 13 provide a complete code for
payment for an employee who is called back to work on a paid holiday?
The Employer takes the position that it paid Mr. McIntosh properly under the Collective
Agreement for the work he performed on October 9, 2006. Counsel for the Employer argued
that UN 13 alone determines what pay an employee is entitled to receive for working a paid
holiday. He submitted that there is no dispute that Mr. McIntosh was paid properly under UN 13
for the work he performed on October 9, 2006. For the first call back he was paid 24 hours pay
at his base rate, 16 hours pay (2 times 8 hours) under UN 13.1 and 8 hours pay under UN 13.2.
Counsel submitted that the 8 hours pay under UN 13.2 constitutes holiday pay for an employee
who works on the paid holiday. Counsel noted that an employee who had been scheduled and
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worked the paid holiday would similarly receive 24 hours pay. Counsel submitted that the
language of the relevant provisions of the Collective Agreement does not support different pay
treatment depending on whether an employee was scheduled to work or was called back to work
the paid holiday. In this instance, Mr. McIntosh was paid an additional 24 hours pay because he
was called back to work a second time on October 9, 2006. Accordingly, counsel argued that the
48 hours of pay Mr. McIntosh received constituted his complete pay entitlement for working the
paid holiday on October 9, 2006 and that there was no independent entitlement to an additional
eight hours of pay under Article 47.
In the alternative, counsel for the Employer argued that the Union is estopped from
claiming that Mr. McIntosh is entitled to 8 hours pay under Article 47. Through the testimony of
Ms. J. Syncox, Acting Director of Payroll Operations Branch, the Employer established that
since at least the 1980s, its consistent practice has been to pay an employee who works on a paid
holiday the premium under UN 13.1 and eight hours pay under UN 13.2, whether they were
called back or scheduled to work the holiday. The practice has not included a payment pursuant
to the holiday provision. Counsel argued that the Union?s silence in light of the Employer?s
longstanding practice amounts to a representation which the Employer has relied upon to its
detriment.
The Union takes the position that the Employer is obliged to pay Mr. McIntosh a further
8 hours pay pursuant to Article 47.Mr. Paul argued that in the circumstances of the instant case,
the Collective Agreement provides an employee with an independent right to holiday pay, in
addition to payment under UN 13. Given the 8 hours pay that he claims is owed under this
provision and the 48 hours pay provided for under UN 13 for two call backs, Mr. Paul asserts
that Mr. McIntosh is entitled to 56 hours pay for the work he performed on the paid holiday. The
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Union agreed that if he had been scheduled to work the Thanksgiving Day paid holiday, as
opposed to being called back to work the holiday, Mr. McIntosh would have been entitled to
only the payments under UN 13.1 and 13.2, which amount to 24 hours pay for each call back.
The Union argued that the Collective Agreement provides for different pay treatment for an
employee who is called back to work on a paid holiday, given the nature of a call back. Mr. Paul
gave an example of an employee who is called back to work later in the day of a paid holiday.
He submitted that, unlike an employee who was scheduled in advance to work the holiday, the
employee is in effect earning the benefit of holiday pay before he is called back to the workplace.
In his submission, the fact the employee has been called back to work and earns pay under UN
13 does not disentitle the employee to the benefit of 8 hours pay under the holiday provision.
Mr. Paul also took the position that the facts in this case do not support an estoppel.
In addition to the Re Frame decision, the Union referred me to the following decisions:
ReOPSEU (Bell) and Ministry of Community and Social Services (1980), GSB No. 116/78
(Swinton);Re OPSEU (Elliot) and Ministry of Labour (1999), GSB No. 1282/97 (Briggs); Re
OPSEU (Harrison) and Ministry of Correctional Services (1988), GSB No. 0122/88
(Dissanayake);ReOPSEU (Parsons) and Ministry of Government Services (1979), GSB No.
81/78 (Prichard); ReOPSEU (Whittard) and Ministry of Correctional Services (1991), GSB No.
2618/90 (Watters); ReOPSEU (Arnold) and Ministry of Correctional Services (1993), GSB No.
255/91 (Dissanayake) and Re Georgian College of Applied Arts and Technology and O.P.S.E.U.
th
(1997), 59 L.A.C. (4) 129 (Schiff).
Counsel for the Employer referred me to the following decisions: Re Cardinal
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Transportation B. C. Inc. and C.U.P.E., Loc. 561 (1997), L.A.C. (4) 230 (Devine); Re NAV
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Canada and C.A.T.C.A. (2000), 94 L.A.C. (4) 75 (Hope); Re OPSEU (Cartwright et al.) and
7
Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services (2005), GSB No. 2002-1457 et al.
(Abramsky); Re OPSEU (LaSalle) and Royal City Ambulance Services (1999), GSB No. 0284/98
(Petryshen); ReOPSEU (Union) and Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services
(2007), GSB No. 2003-3075 (Herlich) and ReOPSEU (Union) and Ministry of Solicitor General
and Correctional Services (2000), GSB No. 1995/99 (Brown).
After considering the submissions in light of the facts, it is my conclusion that the
interpretation of the Collective Agreement proffered by the Employer must prevail. A review of
the decisions that I was referred to supports this conclusion. The first set of cases illustrates how
the Board has addressed the Employer?s pay obligation to an employee who is called back to
work a paid holiday. Another set of cases address the meaning of UN 13.2. I note that the
language in what is now Article 47 and UN 13 was first introduced into the 1989-1991 collective
agreement. Before that collective agreement, the holiday provision provided that ?An employee
shall be entitled to the following holidays each year?, rather than using the word ?paid? before
the word ?holidays?. As well, the language in UN 13.3, which provides that UN 13.1 and UN
13.2 only apply to employees who work the holiday, did not exist in the previous holiday
payment provision. UN 13.3 was introduced to resolve some uncertainty about the meaning of
UN 13.2 prior to the 1989-1991 collective agreement.
In Re Bell,supra, the grievor was called back to work on a holiday and worked for 2½
hours. He was paid for four hours work at 1½ times his hourly rate pursuant to the call back
provision. He was also paid 8 hours pay under what is now UN 13.2. The Union argued that he
should have been paid based on the 8 hour minimum in the holiday payment provision since the
call back was for work on a holiday. The Board reviewed the purpose of the premium payment
in both the call back clause and the holiday payment clause. The Board determined that an
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employee called back to work on a holiday experiences the double inconvenience of working
outside his or her normal hours and having to work on a holiday, and was therefore entitled to
the superior benefit. In reaching its conclusion, the Board noted that the grievor ?should not be
required to accept less compensation than the employee scheduled to work on that day who may
only work a few hours but who would still be guaranteed 7¼ or 8 hours work, as appropriate.?
In my view, this comment recognizes that when determining payment for working a holiday,
there is no basis for making a distinction based on whether an employee is scheduled to work a
holiday or is called back to work a holiday. Following the logic of the comment in Re Bell, it is
necessary to consider whether there is language in the Collective Agreement that would justify
compensating an employee who is called back to work on a holiday more than the employee who
is scheduled to work the holiday. Although I recognize that the holiday provision did not have
the words ?paid holiday? in it when Re Bell was decided, there was no suggestion from the
Union in that case that the grievor should have received an additional 8 hours pay as well as the
payment required by what is now UN 13.
In Re Elliot,supra, the issue concerned what the grievor should be paid for two call backs
on the same day. The Employer paid the grievor 6 hours pay for the two call backs, four hours at
the rate of 1½ times his basic hourly rate. The Union argued that the grievor was entitled to the
minimum call back premium for each time he was called back to work on that day. In other
words, the Union submitted that he was entitled 12 hours pay for the two call backs. The day the
grievor was called back twice was not a holiday. The Board determined that the grievor was
entitled to the minimum call back pay twice because he was called back twice and that these
circumstances did not constitute a pyramiding of benefits.
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And finally in this grouping of cases is the decision in Re Frame,supra. The issue in that
case concerned the grievor?s pay entitlement when called back to work twice on a paid holiday.
For the first call back the grievor was paid for 24 hours as required by UN 13.1 and 13.2. For the
second call back the Employer paid the grievor 4 hours at 1½ his basic hourly rate in accordance
with the call back provision. Mr. Paul had argued that the grievor was entitled to be paid twice
pursuant to UN 13.1 and 13.2 for both call backs.The Board agreed. Relying on the purposive
approach in Re Bell and in Re Elliot, the Board concluded that the grievor was entitled to the
superior benefit for each call back on the paid holiday. The grievor was therefore entitled to be
paid for 48 hours under UN 13 for the two call backs. This is the same number of hours for
which Mr. McIntosh was paid in the instant case for working his two call backs on the
Thanksgiving Day paid holiday. Although the language in the collective agreements is identical
in both cases, the Union did not take the position in Re Frame that the grievor was also entitled
to an additional 8 hours pay pursuant to Article 47, the holiday provision, like it has here. Mr.
Paul went to some length to emphasize that that the issue before me was not an issue in Re
Frame.
I now turn to the review of some of the decisions which in various contexts addressed the
meaning of what is now UN 13.2. I note again that it is the Employer?s position that this
provision is the source of holiday pay for Mr. McIntosh on the day in question. Prior to the
language change introduced into the 1989-1991 collective agreement, the issue of whether what
is now UN 13.2 applied to employees whether they worked or not arose on a number of
occasions. After noting the link between what is now UN 13.2 to what is now UN 13.1, the
Board in Re Pullano 730/83 (Jolliffe) concluded that an employee had to work the holiday in
order to be entitled to the payment under what is now UN 13.2. However, most of the decisions
on this issue reached the opposite conclusion. In Re Harrison,supra, in rejecting Re Pullano,
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the Board noted that ?the Board has consistently held that, while working on a holiday is a
prerequisite for entitlement to premium pay under article 19.1 [now UN 13.1], all employees are
entitled to holiday pay under article 19.2 [now UN 13.2].? It concluded that the grievor ?was
entitled to be paid holiday pay in accordance with article 19.2 despite the fact that he did not
work the holiday ?? As part of its reasoning, the Board wrote as follows:
Additionally, we observe that article 48 [the holiday provision] merely lists the
designated holidays. It does not set out the method and quantum of compensation for the
holiday. Indeed, it does not even stipulate that the designated holidays are ?paid?
holidays. There has to be some authority in the collective agreement providing for
payment on the holidays. That source is article 19.2.
The Board in Re Harrison referred extensively to Re Parsons,supra. Although, as noted
previously, the collective agreement language was different, the issue in Re Parsons is identical
to the issue before me in the instant case. The grievor was called back to work on a paid holiday
and was paid in accordance with what is now UN 13.1 and 13.2. The Union argued that the
grievor was also entitled to 8 hours pay pursuant to the holiday provision. The Board concluded
that the grievor was not so entitled.
The Board in Re Parsons was required to interpret the combined effect of Articles
9 [the holiday provision] and 19 [the holiday payment provision]. It noted that ?Article 9 is
straight-forward; it designates the statutory holidays and there can be no doubt that the words
themselves, past practice and reasonable expectations lead to the inevitable conclusion that
employees are to be paid for the holidays. Article 19, however, creates the confusion as to how
much the employees are to be paid.? The Board indicated that one reading of Article 19 is that it
is independent of Article 9, as was submitted by the Union. However, it rejected this
interpretation based on the language of the relevant articles. The Board concluded that, ?In our
view, the better interpretation of Article 19 is that it is a relatively comprehensive code of
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entitlement to holiday pay dealing with both persons who are required to work and those not
required to work on statutory holidays.? And further, it determined that ?There is no separate
entitlement under Article 9; rather the entitlement pursuant to Article 19.2 is the payment
inherently required by Article 9.? Based on the language that existed at the time, the Board
determined that there was no independent right to holiday pay under the holiday provision and
that the right to holiday pay for an employee who worked the holiday and for the employee who
did not work the holiday was found in the holiday payment provision.
In Re Kellogg 222/84 (Teplitsky), the Board noted that ?Article 19 has been a prolific
source of grievances? and urged the parties to clarify the provision at the bargaining table. As
noted previously, the parties did change the language of the holiday provision and the holiday
payment provision in the 1989-1991 collective agreement. The Board in Re Whittard,supra,
referred to these changes in its 1991 decision. In particular, it noted that the word ?paid? was
inserted before the word ?holidays? and that ?This change created a ?source? for payment,
although arguably the quantum of same may still need to be inferred from other articles.?
In referring to these decisions, the Union argued that the result in Re Parsons could no
longer be sustained, given the different language in the Collective Agreement. It argued that
there now is an independent entitlement to holiday pay in Article 47 which entitles Mr. McIntosh
to another 8 hours pay for working the Thanksgiving Day holiday.
In my view, the change in the language of the Collective Agreement did not alter the
source of holiday pay entitlement for an employee who works the paid holiday. Before the
language changed, UN 13.2 was the provision which provided holiday pay for employees who
worked and for employees who did not work the holiday. The new language was intended only
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to clarify the holiday pay entitlement for employees who did not work on a paid holiday. UN
13.3 makes clear that UN 13.2 applies only to employees who work a paid holiday. UN 13.2 is
still the provision which provides the source of entitlement to holiday pay for an employee who
works the paid holiday, as Mr. McIntosh did in this case. The change in the language only
means that UN 13.2 is no longer the source of holiday pay for an employee who does not work
the holiday. That source is now Article 47. Article 47 now refers to ?paid holidays? and, as
noted in Re Whittard, it is necessary to make some inferences. However, the inferences that are
required to be made about the number of hours and the basic rate of pay for any given employee
are clear.
Article UN 13 does provide a complete code for pay for an employee who works the paid
holiday. Consistent with the interpretation it has always received, UN 13.2 continues to provide
the right to holiday pay for an employee who works the paid holiday. Although there is an
obvious difference between being scheduled in advance to work the paid holiday and being
called back to work a paid holiday, the difference is not reflected in the language of UN 13 and
Article 47. UN 13 simply provides that an employee who works a paid holiday is entitled to the
pay specified therein, without any reference to how the Employee came to work the paid holiday.
There is nothing in the language of the Collective Agreement which suggests that an employee
who is called back to work a paid holiday is entitled to more pay than an employee who had been
scheduled to work the paid holiday. It would have been easy for the parties to have included
specific language if they had intended to achieve such a result. If anything, the decisions on
holiday pay, such as Re Bell, reveal an interpretative approach which supports the same pay
treatment for an employee who is scheduled and an employee who is called back to work a paid
holiday. The relevant language in the Collective Agreement and the decisions referred to above
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in my view compel the conclusion that Article 47 does not create an independent entitlement to
holiday pay for an employee who works the paid holiday.
Accordingly, it is my conclusion that Mr. McIntosh was paid properly for the work he
performed on Thanksgiving Day in 2006. He was not entitled to 8 hours pay pursuant to Article
47 because he worked the paid holiday and his complete entitlement to pay, including holiday
pay, is based on Article UN 13. Given this determination, it is unnecessary to address the
Employer?s estoppel submission. The grievance dated January 30, 2007, is dismissed.
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Dated at Toronto, this 10 day of March 2008.
Ken Petryshen ? Vice-Chair