HomeMy WebLinkAbout2015-2869.Policy.19-07-19.Decision
Crown Employees Grievance Settlement
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Commission de
règlement des griefs
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Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tél. : (416) 326-1388
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GSB#2015-2869
UNION#95-15-COR
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Amalgamated Transit Union – Local 1587
(Policy) Union
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Metrolinx) Employer
BEFORE Ian Anderson Arbitrator
FOR THE UNION Dean Ardron
Ursel Phillips Fellows Hopkinson LLP
Counsel
FOR THE EMPLOYER Michael Kennedy
Hicks Morley Hamilton Stewart Storie LLP
Counsel
HEARING June 26, 2019
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Decision
[1] This is an application for interim relief brought by the Union.
[2] Both parties agree the party seeking interim relief must demonstrate:
(1) it has an arguable case on the merits; and
(2) that the balance of harm or convenience favours granting interim relief.
[3] The underlying grievance relates to “crew selection” by drivers who work for the
Employer. Crew selection determines a driver’s days off, start and finish times
and locations, hours of work and hours of pay. Such selections have a
significant impact on the drivers’ lives. Crew selection is done on the basis of
seniority. Historically, a “standard sign-up system” was used. The Employer has
introduced a new electronic, web based system, “Bid Web”, on a trial basis. The
grievance alleges the Employer is precluded from doing so without the
agreement of the Union.
[4] Each calendar year is divided into five to seven “board periods”. During each
board period, drivers sign-up for the crew(s) and shifts they will work for the next
board period.
[5] Under the standard sign-up system, sign-ups occur on a particular selection day.
In the weeks prior to the selection day, the Employer physically posts run guides
and crew rosters detailing the shifts which can be selected in the next board
period. Drivers are able to consult these in advance of the selection day.
[6] The selection day had three sign-up time periods for each work location. Drivers
were assigned to time periods in order of seniority, with approximately ten drivers
assigned to each period. Drivers in each time period make their selections in
order of seniority. Each driver has ten minutes to make his/her selection. When
making his/her selection, a driver is aware of which crews have already been
selected by more senior drivers and which ones remain available. Once a driver
selects, his/her selection is confirmed on the spot. A driver may attend in person
on call in. A driver also has the option of submitting a paper slip in advance on
which his/her presences are recorded.
[7] Under the electronic sign-up system, there are bid “rounds” which occur on a
particular day. Run guides and crew rosters are available for review one week
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prior to that day. Similar to the standard sign-up system, approximately ten
drivers were assigned to each round in order of seniority. Drivers sign in through
the web to record their shift preferences. Drivers are not required to submit their
preferences in order of seniority or even on any particular day, but they must
submit them prior to the closing time for the round to which they are assigned.
[8] There is no dispute that the standard sign-up system continues to operate and be
available for drivers to use. The Union, however, states the forms required to
use the standard sign-up system are now difficult or impossible to obtain and
drivers are pressured to make use of the electronic sign-up system instead.
[9] The Union also states the electronic sign-up system is problematic compared to
the standard sign-up system. Updated rosters are not printed until the end of
each round. That is, more junior drivers must record their preferences without
knowing what crews have already been selected by more senior drivers. While a
driver may enter multiple alternative preferences to guard against the possibility
that their preferred crews have already been selected, this is more onerous and,
the Union asserts, stressful. Further, drivers only receive a receipt or
confirmation of their bid if they request one when entering their bid in the
electronic sign-up system. In addition, the Employer has declined to give copies
of those receipts to Union representatives without specific individual consent of
the drivers involved.
[10] The Union argues the continued use of the electronic sign-up system will
therefore result in crew selections which do not reflect the true preferences of the
drivers, in contrast with the standard sign-up system which does. This is the
principal harm on which the Union relies in support of its argument. It argues if
the grievance succeeds on the merits, and it is determined the Employer’s
unilateral introduction of the electronic sign-up system was a breach of the
collective agreement, it will not be possible to address this harm with respect to
board periods which have expired and it would be an administrative nightmare to
attempt to address it with respect to the current board period.
[11] In my view, the Union’s argument depends essentially on two propositions. First,
while the standard sign-up system continues to operate in parallel with the
electronic sign-up system, in practice it is no longer available to some of the
drivers: the necessary forms are not available and drivers are pressured to use
the electronic sign-up system. Second, to the extent drivers have access to and
use the standard sign-up system, the electronic sign-up system has negatively
changed their experience: junior drivers no longer know the choices of senior
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drivers at the time they make their own selections. If these propositions are not
true, then a driver concerned the electronic sign-up system will not accurately
capture his/her preferences can simply continue to make use of the standard
sign-up system.
[12] The Employer’s declarations and written representations state: “The standard
sign-up system remains in place, completely unchanged, and operates in
harmony with the electronic sign-up system.” Further, the Employer’s materials
indicate that it “currently has no plans to replace the standard sign-up system
with the electronic sign-up system or to otherwise bring the Test Program to an
end.” The Employer’s oral representations were to the same effect. To the
extent that the Employer’s written materials were unclear with respect to
concerns raised by the Union, during the hearing of the motion the Employer
represented that they were or would be addressed.
[13] More particularly, with respect to the concern that junior drivers must make their
selections without knowing the choices of senior drivers, the Employer’s
materials indicate:
Further, the Bid Web program operates in a staggered manner to ensure that all bids
submitted through the standard sign-up system are properly processed and
accounted for. Specifically, the Bid Web program will "pause" automatically whenever
It arrives at a driver who did not enter a bid through the portal on Bid Web. The
program will stay on "pause" while a supervisor checks if that driver entered a bid
through the standard sign-up system, and will remain on "pause" until the supervisor
manually assigns the driver's work in accordance with the standard sign-up system's
regular procedures. Only after the supervisor has so assigned the driver in question
will the Bid Web program continue to run again. The Bid Web program will then
"close" the round and proceed to the next one after all drivers' work assignments have
been processed for that particular round.
[14] During the hearing, the Employer confirmed that prior to requiring a driver to
submit his/her bid through the standard sign-up system, the supervisor can and
will advise the driver of the choices of more senior drivers. Thus, a junior driver
who does not wish to submit multiple alternative preferences but wishes to know
the choices of more senior drivers at the time of making his/her bid, may choose
to use the standard sign-up system instead of the electronic sign-up system.
[15] The Employer’s written materials state “drivers have simply been given the option
of using the electronic sign-up system - none have been compelled to use the
electronic sign-up system or required to use the standard sign-up system”
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(emphasis provided by the Employer). More particularly, in response to the
Union’s evidence that one driver felt pressured to use the electronic sign-up
system rather than the standard sign-up system in relation to signing up for one
board period in September, 2018, the Employer states it has no knowledge of the
incident “but re-iterates that all drivers are free to use the standard sign-up
system instead of the electronic sign-up system if that is their preference.”
[16] With respect to the Union’s concerns that necessary forms were not available to
use the standard sign-up system and that copies of the receipts from the
electronic sign-up system indicating drivers’ picks were not being provided to
Union representatives, the Employer indicated during the hearing that they would
be.
[17] Based on the Employer’s representations that the standard sign-up system
continues to be available, that it has or would address the issues raised by the
Union, and that it has no plans to end the standard sign-up system, I am satisfied
the principal harm relied upon by the Union in support of its application for interim
relief is not made out. Of course, should there be a material change to these
circumstances, the Union may renew its application for interim relief.
Presumably, the Employer will want to ensure that its supervisors continue to
permit use of the standard sign-up system, without impediment, in order to
minimize the possibility of such an application. Further, if the Employer were to
decide it was going to end the standard sign-up system prior to a final
determination of the grievance on the merits, I would expect the Employer would
give the Union reasonable notice of its intention to do so.
[18] The Union identifies certain isolated errors which occurred through the use of the
electronic sign-up system. In each and every such instance, the Union
acknowledges the errors once identified were corrected. The Union argues,
however, that the errors “unfairly place the burden on an employee to monitor
and seek to enforce his/her seniority rights.” I am not satisfied that these errors
are more endemic to the electronic sign-up system than the standard sign-up
system. Accordingly, I give little weight to this factor.
[19] The Union says the Employer’s unilateral introduction of the electronic sign-up
system in breach of the collective agreement sends a message to bargaining unit
members that the Employer can do what it wants. This, the Union asserts, is bad
for labour relations and weighs in its favour when considering the balance of
harm.
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[20] In my view, this argument is predicated upon the assumption that there has been
a breach of the collective agreement. That is the very issue to be determined
following the hearing on the merits. The harm on which the Union relies in
support of interim relief, therefore, can only be that an alleged breach of the
collective agreement sends a message to bargaining unit members that the
Employer can do what it wants. This is at least counter balanced by the labour
relations and operational harm to the Employer if it were prevented on an interim
basis from exercising what it alleges are its rights under the collective agreement.
I would not, therefore, give weight to this part of the Union’s argument.
[21] With respect to the harm it would incur if the interim relief were granted, the
Employer points to its investment in creating and continuing to review and
improve the electronic sign-up system. The Union argues an interim stay does
not result in this investment being wasted, since if the Employer wins on the
merits it can proceed. In my view, this argument ignores the investment in
training of drivers and development of expertise in those responsible for
administering the system. Experience shows such investments depreciate
rapidly if not used. I conclude the Employer would suffer real harm if a stay were
granted.
[22] Accordingly, in my view the balance of harm favours the Employer. Given this
conclusion, I need not determine whether the Union has an arguable case on the
merits.
[23] The Union’s application for interim relief is dismissed.
Dated at Toronto, Ontario this 19th day of July, 2019.
“Ian Anderson”
Ian Anderson, Arbitrator