HomeMy WebLinkAboutUnion 08-08-06
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IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
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BETWEEN
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FANSHAWE COLLEGE
("the College")
and
ONTARIO PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES' UNION
LOCAL 110
("the Union")
REGARDING A GRIEVANCE CONCERNING ARTICLE 7.02 (vi)
(UNION GRIEVANCE # 2005-0-110-0177)
BOARD OF ARBITRATION:
PAMELA COOPER PICHER
MICHAEL RIDDELL
SHERRIL MURRAY
- CHAIR
- COLLEGE NOMINEE
- UNION NOMINEE
APPEARANCES FOR THE COLLEGE:
Robert J. Atkinson
Linda Ballantyne
- Counsel
- Director, Human Resources
APPEARANCES FOR THE UNION:
Tim Hannigan
Darryl Bedford
- Counsel
- Acting Chief Steward
A hearing in this matter was held in London, Ontario on February 28, 2008.
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AWARD
The Union has filed a grievance alleging that the College has acted in
breach of article 7.02(vi) of the collective agreement by failing to provide the
Union with sufficient information at the Union/College Committee (UCC)
meetings. More specifically, the Union asserts that pursuant to article 7.02 (vi) of
the collective agreement, the College, if requested by the Union Local, is
obligated at UCC meetings to provide the Union with its rationale for hiring or
assigning work to non full-time personnel, Le. sessional, partial-load or part-time
employees. In contrast, the College asserts that before such an obligation is
triggered under article 7.02(vi) for partial-load or part-time appointments, the
Union must first demonstrate that there is a body of work being performed by non
full-time employees that would support the filling of one or more full-time
positions.
Article 7.02 provides, in part, as follows:
Article 7
UNION/COLLEGE COMMITTEE (LOCAL)
7.02 A Committee of three members appointed by the
College or campus officials will meet with the Union
College or Campus Committee at a mutually agreed
time and place provided that either party requests and
gives at least seven days prior notice accompanied by
an agenda of matters proposed to be discussed. It is
agreed that matters to be the subject of discussion at
meetings include:
(i) the local application of this Agreement;
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(ii) clarification of procedures or conditions causing
misunderstanding or grievances;
(iii) an internal complaint process to facilitate the
resolution of employee complaints that do not fall
within the provisions of 11.01, 11.02, Article 32,
Grievance procedures, or Article 33, Expedited
Arbitration Process;
(iv) other matters which are mutually agreed upon;
(v) if requested by the Union Local, the rationale for a
sessional appointment by the College shall be the
subject of discussion; and
(vi) if requested by the Union Local, the College shall
explain its rationale for its application of Article 2,
Staffing, or 27.05 (iii). In particular, it will consider
any representations which the Union Local may
make with respect to the assigning of work on a
full-time or a sessional, partial-load or part-time
basis, and with respect to the feasibility of
assigning work on a full-time basis rather than on
a sessional, partial-load or part-time basis.
[emphasis added]
Article 2, Staffing, referred to in article 2.07(vi), stipulates, in part, the
following:
Article 2
STAFFING
2.02 The College will give preference to the
designation of full-time positions as regular rather
than partial-load teaching positions, as defined in
Article 26, Partial-Load Employees, subject to such
operations requirements as the quality of the
programs, attainment of the program objectives, the
need for special qualifications and the market
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acceptability of the programs to employers, students,
and the community.
2.03A The College will give preference to the
designation of full-time positions as regular
continuing teaching positions rather than
sessional teaching positions including, in
particular, positions arising as a result of new post-
secondary programs subject to such operational
requirements as the quality of the programs,
enrolment patterns and expectations, attainment of
program objectives, the need for special qualifications
and the market acceptability of the programs to
employers, students, and the community. The
College will not abuse sessional appointments by
failing to fill ongoing positions as soon as possible
subject to such operational requirements as the
quality of the programs, attainment of program
objectives, the need for special qualifications, and
enrolment patterns and expectations.
2.03B The College will not abuse the usage of sessional
appointments by combining sessional with partial-load
service and thereby maintaining an employment
relationship with the College in order to circumvent
the completion of the minimum 12 months sessional
employment in a 24 month period.
2.03C If the College continues a full-time position beyond
one full academic year of staffing the position with
sessional appointments, the College shall designate
the position as a regular full-time bargaining unit
position and shall fill the position with a member of the
bargaining unit as soon as a person capable of
performing the work is available for hiring on this
basis.
[emphasis added]
Additional provisions pertinent to the grievance include article 27.12,
Personnel Lists, and Appendix V, Sessional Employees, as follows:
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Personnel Lists
27.12 During the last week of September, January
and May the College shall notify the Union Local
President of all personnel covered by the Agreement
hired or terminated since the last notification, together
with the classification, location and Division or
Department concerned. At such times, the College
shall also include notification of all hirings of
personnel assigned to teach credit courses including,
in particular, sessional appointments.
APPENDIX V
SESSIONAL EMPLOYEES
1.
The terms of this Appendix relate
employed on a sessional basis.
employees are excluded from the
unit.
to persons
Sessional
bargaining
2. A sessional employee is defined as a full-time
employee appointed on a sessional basis for
up to 12 full months of continuous or non-
continuous accumulated employment in a 24
calendar month period. Such sessional
employee may be released upon two weeks'
written notice and shall resign by giving two
weeks' written notice.
4. If a sessional employee is continued in
employment for more than the period set out in
paragraph 2 of this Appendix, such an employee
shall be considered as having completed the first
year of the two year probationary period and
thereafter covered by the other provisions of the
Agreement. The balance of such an employee's
probationary period shall be 12 full months of
continuous or non-continuous accumulated
employment during the immediate following 24
calendar month period.
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6. Pursuant to 7.02 Union/College Committee
(Local), if requested by the Union Local, the
rationale for a sessional appointment by the
College shall be subject of discussion.
7. Pursuant to 7.02 Union/College Committee
(Local), if requested by the Union Local, the
College shall explain its rationale for its
application of Article 2, Staffing, or 27.05 (iii).
In particular, it will consider any
representations which the Union Local may
make with respect to the assigning of work on
a full-time or a sessional, partial-load or part-
time basis, and with respect to the feasibility of
assigning work on a full-time basis rather than
on a sessional, partial-load or part-time basis.
[emphasis added]
As set out above, article 2.02 of the collective agreement stipulates that,
"[t]he College will give preference to the designation of full-time positions as
regular rather than partial-load teaching positions... subject to ... operational
requirements..." Similarly, article 2.03A mandates that, "[t]he College will give
preference to the designation of full-time positions as regular continuing teaching
positions rather than sessional teaching positions... subject to ... operational
requirements... "
It is within the context of this article 2 preference for full-time positions
over partial-load and sessional assignments that this grievance arises respecting
the timing of the alleged obligation of the College at UCC meetings, when so
requested by the Union, to "explain its rationale for its application of Article 2,
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Staffing...", pursuant to article 7.02(vi), by providing its rational for its non full-
time appointments.
At a later point in the process, Le. once a grievance respecting an alleged
violation of article 2 is brought to arbitration, the Union bears the onus of
establishing a prima facie case of a breach of article 2 by the College, Le. a
prima facie case that the College failed to abide by its obligation to give
preference to full-time positions over partial-load and sessional positions, subject
to operational requirements. The consistent jurisprudence reveals that for the
Union to meet its onus of establishing a prima facie case, it must "demonstrate
that there is adequate work to justify the filling of [a full-time] position" or "that
there is a body of work which translates into a full-time position". (See Re Georqe
Brown Colleqe and OPSEU, decision of a board of arbitration chaired by
Arbitrator Owen B. Shime dated December 23, 2002 at pp. 2 and 6 (hereinafter
referred to as "Re Georqe Brown Colleqe (Shime) 2002".)
The further consistent jurisprudence indicates that once the Union has
established a prima facie case, the evidentiary onus then shifts to the College to
"[adduce] evidence to show that the 'preference' indicated for full-time positions
is subject to 'operational requirements' pursuant to Articles 2.02 and 2.03A". (See
Re Georqe Brown Colleqe (Shime) 2002 at p. 3). (See also Re Alqonquin
Colleqe and OPSEU, decision of Paula Knopf dated May 27,2003 at pp. 20-21;
Re St. Lawrence Colleqe and OPSEU, decision of a board of arbitration chaired
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by Arbitrator Owen B. Shime dated May 18, 2005 and Re Fanshawe Colleqe and
OPSEU, decision of a board of arbitration chaired by Pamela C. Picher dated
July 29,2005.)
While the above evidentiary procedures have been developed for the
arbitration of article 2 grievances, the focus of this grievance centres on the
exchange of information that is to take place at a UCC meeting, a meeting that
the collective agreement anticipates will normally take place prior to the
processing of a grievance respecting an alleged violation of article 2.
Pursuant to article 27.12, set out above, the College regularly notifies the
Union at stipulated intervals of all full-time, partial-load, sessional and part-time
personnel who have been hired and/or assigned to teach credit courses, along
with the classification, location and Division or Department concerned. Counsel
for the College notes that it has additionally agreed, if requested by the Union, to
provide the term timetables for all non full-time staff, as well as the course
information sheets which describe the respective courses for the students.
It is common ground that when the College prepares its article 27.12 lists,
it further sets out for the sessional appointments its rationale for the hiring of the
sessional teachers. Whether the College, when requested by the Union, is
obligated to similarly provide its rationale for the hiring of the partial-load and
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part-time teachers at the stage of the UCC meeting is the focus of the instant
arbitration.
Respecting the scope of the requested rationale, the Union is seeking
enough detail to understand the manner in which the College applied article 2 in
making its teaching assignments but not the level of information that might be
required for the College to counter the Union's prima facie case in an article 2
arbitration.
In maintaining that article 7.02(vi) requires the College at a UCC meeting
to provide its rationale for hiring both partial-load and part-time personnel, along
with sessional appointments, the Union emphasizes that article 7.02 (vi) not only
expressly stipulates that "[t]he College shall explain its rationale for its application
of Article 2, Staffing" but also places an obligation on the College at the UCC
meeting to "consider any representations which the Union Local may make with
respect to the assigning of work on a full-time or a sessional, partial-load or part-
time basis, and with respect to the feasibility of assigning work on a full-time
basis rather than on a sessional, partial-load or part-time basis." Counsel for the
Union asserts that to make such discussions of feasibility meaningful, the Union
first needs to know the College's rationale for its assignment of work to sessional,
partial-load and part-time employees because otherwise, to use counsel's words,
the Union would be "shooting in the dark" in making its feasibility representations
respecting the assignment of work on a full-time basis.
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The Union fully recognizes the College's entitlement to hire partial-load,
sessional and part-time personnel as opposed to regular full-time personnel
when operational requirements support such work assignments. The Union
submits, however, that from a labour relations standpoint, the benefit of being
informed of the College's rationale for hiring non full-time personnel at the stage
of the UCC meeting is that if the College's explanation reflects legitimate
operational requirements, the Union might well be able to drop its concern
regarding given non full-time appointments. The process would then yield the
labour relations benefit of narrowing, Le. minimizing, those situations where the
Union would end up proceeding to grievance and arbitration. Counsel asserts
that it is contrary to sound labour relations to force the Union to file a grievance
alleging a breach of article 2 in order to obtain the College's rationale for its non
full-time work assignments when there is solid potential for the avoidance of such
grievances in the first place if the College provides its rationale at the earlier
stage of the UCC meetings.
The Union further emphasizes that when making its feasibility
representations at the UCC meeting stage, it is not restricted to arguing that the
College has breached article 2 in its work assignments. Counsel argues that the
UCC meeting is where the parties are intended to have full and frank discussions
respecting the hiring of non full-time staff, even if the assignment of the partial-
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load, part-time or sessional employees might not actually constitute a breach of
article 2.
To further support its position, the Union emphasizes that article 7.02(ii)
mandates that an appropriate subject matter to be discussed at a UCC meeting
is the "clarification of procedures or conditions causing misunderstanding or
grievances". Counsel maintains that having the College supply its rationale for
its non full-time assignments fits precisely within the scope of a "clarification of ...
conditions causing misunderstanding or grievances".
The College interprets its obligation under article 7.02(vi) differently.
Counsel points to article 7.02(v), noting that by its clear language the College, if
requested by the Union at the UCC meeting, is expressly obligated to make "the
rationale for a sessional appointment" "the subject of discussion". Counsel
asserts that if the College were equally so obligated with respect to the partial-
load and part-time appointments through article 7.02(vi), as argued by the Union,
the wording of article 7.02(vi) in respect of partial-load and part-time personnel
would be similar to that of article 7.02 (v) respecting sessional appointments.
Accordingly, counsel for the College maintains that it is only after the
Union demonstrates that there is a body of work being performed by non full-time
personnel that could support a full-time appointment that the College would then
11
become obligated in the UCC meetings, pursuant to article 7.02(vi), to explain its
rationale for the various partial-load and part-time assignments.
Counsel for the College comments that this two-step procedure with its
precondition of the Union demonstrating the requisite body of work is consistent
with the jurisprudence under article 2. Counsel emphasizes that at an article 2
arbitration, the initial evidentiary onus lies with the Union to show a prima facie
case of a body of work that would support a full-time position and that it is only
after that that the evidentiary onus shifts to the College to supply its rational for
its non full-time appointments to demonstrate that its non full-time assignments
were the result of "operational requirements" within the meaning of article 2.
Counsel for the College comments that through the operation of article
27.12, pursuant to which the Union is periodically provided with lists of all hires,
including all non full-time hires, along with their classifications, locations and
Divisions or Departments, as well as through the College's additional agreement
to supply timetables and course descriptions, the Union has sufficient information
to come to a UCC meeting prepared to demonstrate a body of work performed by
non full-time personnel that would support one or more full-time positions.
Counsel for the College notes that to trigger the College's obligation to
state its rationale for its various non full-time assignments at the UCC meetings,
the College would not hold the Union to the standard of proof applicable in an
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article 2 arbitration at which point the Union is required to put forth a prima facie
case of a body of work performed by non full-time personnel that would support
one or more full-time positions. Counsel indicated that what the College wants at
the UCC meeting is a framework in the form of the alleged body of work within
which to provide the rationale for the related non full-time positions. Counsel
maintains that it would waste considerable time for the College to have to provide
its rationale for non full-time appointments in a vacuum, Le. in the absence of the
context that would be provided by the Union through setting out its alleged body
of work. Counsel emphasizes that the rationale for the assignment of a non full-
time teacher may legitimately change over multiple terms which, in his
submission, makes it all the more important for the College to have the context of
the Union's alleged body of work when stipulating its rationale for any particular
non full-time position.
Accordingly, counsel for the College maintains that since the College at an
article 2 arbitration is not required to set forth its rationale for non full-time
appointments until the Union has established a prime facie case of a body of
work, it does not seem appropriate that at the earlier stage of a UCC meeting the
College would be required to do so without the Union first being required to
demonstrate the relevant body of work, even if not to the standard of a prima
facie case. Given the evidentiary requirement under an article 2 arbitration,
counsel asserts that the Union has the order of things backwards for UCC
meetings. Counsel comments that what the Union is asking the College to do at
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UCC meetings turns article 2 on its head because at an article 2 arbitration the
College does not need to provide any justification or rationale for its hiring of non
full-time employees until after the Union has first put forth a prima facie case of a
body of work.
In response to the College's submissions, counsel for the Union disputes
that the difference between the wording of articles 7.02(v) and 7.02(vi) signals
that under article 7.02(vi) the obligation on the College to provide its rationale for
partial-load and part-time employees is only triggered if the Union first presents
evidence of a body of work, a concept that is not even mentioned in the words of
article 7.02(vi) itself. Counsel for the Union emphasizes that under the collective
agreement the parties have treated sessional employees quite differently from
partial-load and part-time appointments. Counsel contends that the difference in
language between article 7.02(v) and (vi) is simply reflective of the broader
circumstances in respect of which the College may be required to provide its
rationale for sessional employees.
Counsel for the Union observes, for example, that under article 7.02(vi)
the College's obligation to provide an explanation for the partial-load and part-
time appointments is limited to the College's application of article 2, Staffing, or
article 27.05(iii). For sessional employees, on the other hand, counsel maintains
that the circumstances in respect of which the College is obligated to provide its
rationale is not limited to the College's application of article 2 and could well
14
extend to other factors affecting sessional appointees, as set out in Appendix V,
such as their rollover to full-time status.
Counsel for the Union comments, in other words, that what is different for
the sessional appointments, on the one hand, and the partial-load and part-time
appointments, on the other, is not the process for providing the rationale for the
non full-time appointments at UCC meetings but rather is the extent of the
collective agreement provisions in respect of which the rationale is to be
provided. For sessional employees the obligation to provide the rationale is not
limited to discussions about the College's application of article 2 and 27.05(iii),
while it is so limited for partial-load and part-time appointments.
In support of the Union's position, counsel relies particularly on a decision
between the parties in Re GeorQe Brown ColleQe and OPSEU, decision of a
board of arbitration chaired by Paula Knopf dated December 17, 2004,
hereinafter referred to as the "Re GeorQe Brown (Knopf) 2004". Counsel
emphasizes that Re Georqe Brown (Knopf) 2004 determined that article 7.02(vi)
obligated the College to provide the Union with its rationale for its non full-time
appointments, inclusive of partial-load and part-time appointments, without any
precondition respecting the production by the Union of evidence of a body of
work performed by the non full-time employees that allegedly could form one or
more full-time positions.
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In contrast, counsel for the College asserts that Re Georqe Brown (Knopf)
2004 provides minimal guidance in the instant matter because in that situation
the College already had a practice of providing the Union with the rationale for its
partial-load and part-time assignments in its application of article 7.02(vi), such
that its obligation to do so was not in issue before the Knopf board of arbitration.
Accordingly, counsel for the College submits that the Knopf board's statements
regarding the College's obligation to supply the rationale for partial load and part-
time assignments are obiter since, in counsel's submission, the board was not
required to make a determination respecting the College's obligation to provide
its rationale under article 7.02(vi), given that the College was already doing so
voluntarily.
DECISION
In Re Georqe Brown (Knopf) 2004, the board stated at p. 2 that the case
before it was "a contract interpretation case launched to determine the extent of
the Union's right to information under Article 7.02(vi) of the Collective Agreement"
and that the grievance was filed "to determine what information and
documentation must be provided by the College when requested." At p. 5, the
board stated that, U[t]he fundamental dispute between the parties is over the
extent and nature of information that must be provided to the Union under Article
7.02(vi) with respect to the use of non-full-time faculty."
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In assessing the information producing requirements under article 7.02(vi),
the board in Re Georqe Brown (Knopf) 2004 expressly recognized the nature of
the evidentiary burdens in an article 2 arbitration (see pp. 33-35), as emphasized
and detailed by counsel for the College in the instant matter. As noted, the initial
onus rests with the Union to demonstrate a prima facie case of the existence of a
body of work that would support one or more full-time positions before the burden
shifts to the College to justify its decision not to assign a full-time position.
Accordingly, the board in Re Georqe Brown (Knopf) 2004 was cognizant of the
respective article 2 evidentiary burdens when determining the extent of the
College's obligation under article 7.02(vi) to provide the Union with information
respecting rationale at a UCC meeting.
At p. 35, the board in Re Georqe Brown (Knopf) 2004 stated that the
College's "duty to explain any non full-time appointment arises not just at
arbitration [but also] ... much prior to litigation... under Article 7.02(vi) [which] ...
promises that the 'College shall explain its rationale for its application of Article 2
and 27.05(iii).' " Accordingly, the board stated at p. 35 that, "the crux of this case
becomes what is required to fulfill this duty of explanation."
The board in Re Georqe Brown (Knopf) 2004 determined that included
within the College's obligation under article 7.02(vi) is the duty to provide an
explanation of rationale for its decision to hire non full-time faculty and that such
information is required, among other information, to fulfill the purpose of article
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7.02(vi) discussions, which the board stated at p. 35 is "the avoidance of
unnecessary grievances." At pp. 35-42, the board reasoned as follows:
The Union argues that it needs specific
information to 'audit' and enforce the preference
for full-time hiring. In order to address this
argument, it is important to define the Union's role
with regard to this Article. The Union is given the
right to make 'representations ... with respect to
the assigning of work on a full-time or sessional,
partial-load or part-time basis and with respect to
the feasibility of assigning work on a full-time
basis rather than on a sessional, partial-load or
part-time basis.' This is a right to make
representations. This is put in the Collective
Agreement for a reason. It provides a check and
balance for the contract's administration and
ideally allows the parties to avoid the costs and
disruptions of arbitration every time the Union
has suggestions or concerns about
appointments. Indeed, Article 7.02(ii) says that the
UCC meetings can include discussions about
'conditions causing misunderstandings or grievances.'
Therefore, a primary purpose for the discussions
is the avoidance of unnecessary grievances.
However, the Union's right to make representations
does not make the Union an equal partner or a co-
determinate with regard to staffing decisions. The
right to hire and manage, subject to specific
provisions in the Collective Agreement, solely resides
with the College (Article 6). The College does not
have to secure the Union's approval for non-full-
time appointments, but it does have to explain the
rationale for the decision and consider any
representations the Union may offer as
alternative. Accordingly, the right to make
representations remains a real and important right in
this collective agreement. A denial of the right to
make representations would be a serious violation of
the contract. For example, if management refused
to participate in the UCC meetings or failed to
explain its rationale, there would be a significant
violation of the Collective Agreement.
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The Union asserts that it needs specific
information to make the right of representation in this
Article effective. Indeed, the provision would be
meaningless if the Collective Agreement simply
contemplated the Union shooting in the dark at the
meetings. On the other hand, nothing in the language
of the Article suggests that the College is required to
provide forensic proof to support its decisions. As
admitted by the Union, many non-full-time
appointments are accepted without challenge
once certain rationales are presented. For
example, the hiring of non-full-time faculty to replace
somebody on leave or to teach pilot courses or
address an influx of students is otten accepted as
sufficient explanation or rationale for the hiring of non-
full-time faculty. Therefore, we do not accept the
Union's submissions that it needs sufficient
information to 'independently assess' all the details of
the factors that go into a hiring decision. That would
enmesh the Union in a level of minutia that is neither
contemplated by the Collective Agreement nor
required for the Union to fulfil its duty to its members.
We note that the College has emphasized
that it recognizes its obligation to provide the
rationale for its hirings. This must also be seen in
the context of staffing decisions made within
Articles 2 and 27. Article 7.02(vi) requires that the
rationale for those decisions must be explained.
Therefore, the College must be able to explain to the
Union the operational requirements that prompted the
staffing to be carried out in the fashion that the
College has decided. However, the Union wants
even more than that with respect to workload. . . .
Clearly, Article 7.02(vi) does not mandate the College
to package and provide data in any specific way.
The Union is also seeking 'sufficient
information to independently assess the nature of any
operational requirements put forth by the College as
the reason for hiring non-full-time employees.' As
stated above and as accepted by the College, the
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College must be in a position to identify and
justify its rationale for hiring non-full-time faculty.
Ultimately, that justification can be challenged at
arbitration if an Article 2 grievance is launched.
Absent a legitimate explanation or proof, the
appointment could be overturned by a Board of
Arbitration. However, for purposes of Article
7.02(vi), the College need only 'explain its
rationale.' It need not prove its case at the UCC
meeting, but it must explain its decision to the
Union. This puts a practical obligation on the
Departments to be in a position to explain any
operational requirements that lead to the decision
to utilize non-full-time appointments. Because the
Collective Agreement requires that the College give
preference to the designation of full-time positions,
the Department doing the hiring, or the College itself,
must address operational requirements and be
capable of explaining the decision to hire a non-full-
time faculty member. Failure to provide an
explanation or rationale for the decision will
frustrate the purpose of the Article 7.02(vi)
meetings. But provision of the underlying proof,
data or statistics that may support the rationale is
not required by the Article.
Again, the rationale must be communicated
to the Union in sufficient detail to be understood,
but it need not be proven. The Union is entitled to
know why the College did not schedule the
courses in a manner that gave preference to the
employment of full-time staff.
The Union is also asking to be told about any
'additional or other factors considered by the College
in making a decision pursuant to Articles 2 or 27'.
Without doubt the Union is entitled to know if any
'other additional factors' were considered by the
College in making its decision. Indeed, it is
recognized that the list of operational requirements in
Article 2 is not exhaustive and many factors may
come into play with regard to appointments. While
the College can and should articulate these factors as
the rationale for the decisions, the College is not
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obligated to supply the Union with all the factual and
supportive data behind those factors. When and if
the College is unable to satisfy the Union
regarding the explanation, the Union has the
option of launching a grievance. Ideally, the
exchange of information and suggestions at the
UCC meetings will avoid the necessity of a
grievance.
Where does this leave the parties? First, we
have reminded the College that it has to be in a
position to explain its use of non-full-time
teachers because the Collective Agreement
mandates that the College will give preference to
the designation of full-time teaching positions.
We note with approval Ms. Hood's initiatives that have
attempted to address the mandates of Article 7.
Therefore, those doing the hiring must recognize and
respect the full-time preference and be able to identify
and communicate the operational requirements that
were invoked to justify any non-full-time
appointments. Recognizing that not all of these
appointments will be challenged by the Union,
nevertheless, when and if the Union raises
questions about the appointments, the College
must be in a position to explain, at the Article
7.02(vi) UCC meetings, the operational
requirement and/or rationale that it invoked when
deciding to hire a non-full-time persons. ...
[emphasis added]
As the board in Re Georoe Brown (Knopf) 2004 noted at p. 33, it was not
charged with interpreting whether the College had breached article 7.02(vi) but
rather was asked to provide an interpretation of the respective rights and
obligations under article 7.02(vi). Accordingly, given the scope of the Knopf
board's mandate in interpreting article 7.02(vi), this Board declines to adopt the
College's perspective that since the College had already, on its own, developed
the practice of providing the rationale for its non full-time appointments, the Knopf
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board's comments respecting its obligation to provide the rationale for such
appointments under article 7.02(vi) is simply obiter and to be accorded minimal
weight. Moreover, this Board does not accept the College's further and
alternative submission that the Knopf board's conclusion is wrong respecting the
College's obligation to provide its rationale for non full-time appointments under
article 7.02(vi).
This Board fully endorses and adopts the conclusion and rationale of the
Knopf board regarding the College's obligation under article 7.02(vi) to provide
the Union, when so requested at a UCC meeting, with the rationale for its non
full-time appointments, inclusive of partial-load and part-time, in sufficient detail
that the reasoning may be understood. This Board, therefore, concludes that it is
not necessary for the Union to first bring forth in UCC meetings evidence of a
body of work that it maintains would support the assignment of one or more full-
time positions in order to trigger the College's obligation to supply its rationale for
its non full-time appointments.
This Board agrees with the assertion of the Union that the College's
obligation to provide its rationale for its various non full-time appointments when
requested by the Union at a UCC meeting promotes the labour relations goal of
minimizing grievances and costly arbitration. As noted by the Union,
understanding the College's rationale for any given non full-time appointment,
22
may well enable it to accept the non full-time appointment and to question it no
further.
The Board does not share the concern of the College that the above
interpretation of article 7.02(vi) "turns article 2 on its head". Article 2 establishes
the College's obligation to give preference to full-time positions over sessional
and partial-load appointments unless operational requirements dictate otherwise.
In any such article 2 arbitration, the onus is on the Union to prove an allegation
that the College has acted in breach of its article 2 obligation to give preference
to full-time teachers. As such, the Union is obligated at arbitration to set forth a
prima facie case before the College is called upon to defend or justify its non full-
time appointments.
Article 7.02(vi) UCC meetings occur prior to the adjudication of grievances
at arbitration. These are joint Union/College meetings to promote discussion in
the subject categories delineated in article 7.02. By express design, they are not
legal proceedings. The Union does not bear a "burden of proof." Nor will the
College "lose" if it does not "prove" the correctness of its stated rationale for a
non full-time appointment. There is no collective agreement or labour relations
requirement that the order of "presentation" at the UCC discussions should
reflect the legal order of presentation at an article 2 arbitration. There is no
identity of purpose between the two proceedings that would mandate a parallel
order of presentation. In fact, the nature and purpose of the two are so decidedly
23
different that they reasonably support a difference in the timing of when the
College becomes obligated to come forward with an explanation of its rationale
for its various non full-time appointments.
As indicated expressly in article 7.02(vi), the UCC meetings are intended
to achieve "clarification of ... conditions causing misunderstanding or
grievances". As stated by the board in Re Georqe Brown (Knopf) 2004 at p. 35,
"a primary purpose for the discussions [at the UCC meetings] is the avoidance of
unnecessary grievances." It is when discussions at a UCC meeting have not
succeeded in dispelling such misunderstandings between the parties that the
situation that has been discussed at a UCC meeting might have to be moved to
grievance and arbitration and, thereby, inevitably become more formalized. Once
at arbitration, the focus is necessarily narrowed to adjudicating the parties'
respective rights and obligations under the collective agreement, at which stage
procedures reflective of the parties' respective burdens of proof are carefully
enforced as a fundamental part of our rule of law.
Accordingly, if the order of presentation at a UCC meeting is different from
the order of presentation at arbitration, if the timing of the College's obligation to
come forward with its rationale for its non full-time appointments is "turned it on
its head", as asserted by counsel for the College, such is not intrinsically
inappropriate because it reflects the very different purposes of the two
proceedings. The UCC meetings are designed in part to promote a full and frank
#.
24
discussion to dispel misunderstandings and avoid grievances while the
arbitration hearings are designed to formally adjudicate the parties' legal rights
and obligations under the collective agreement.
Moreover, as a practical matter, confusion and uncertainty might well arise
at the UCC meetings over a difference of opinion respecting how much and what
kind of "evidence" the Union would have to bring to the UCC meeting regarding
the alleged body of work for the College to acknowledge that its obligation to
provide its rational had been triggered. Such procedural disputes would do little
to further the purpose of UCC meetings, as described above, particularly when
the production of evidence of an alleged body of work is not even mentioned in
article 7.02(vi).
Additionally, this Board is satisfied that the difference in the language
between article 7.02(v) for sessional employees, on the one hand, and article
7.02(vi) for non full-time employees more generally, on the other, does not
detract from the Union's contention that article 7.02(vi) requires the College to
come forward with its rationale for the non full-time positions without the
precondition of evidence of a body of work. The Board accepts the Union's
assertion that the rights and obligations of the sessional employees as set out, in
part, in Appendix V are sufficiently unique as to reasonably explain the broader
language of article 2.07(v). The differences in the wording between articles
2.07(v) and 2.07(vi) does not support a conclusion that article 2.07(vi) requires
.
25
the Union to present evidence of a body of work before triggering the College's
obligation to offer its rationale for its non full-time appointments, particularly when
the alleged precondition of a body of work is not set out either directly or
impliedly in the wording of article 2.07(vi).
Article 7.02(vi) establishes the College's obligation to "consider any
representations which the Union Local may make with respect to the assigning of
work... and the feasibility of assigning work on a full-time basis rather than on a
sessional, partial-load or part-time basis." It further expressly stipulates that, "if
requested by the Union Local, the College shall explain its rationale for its
application of Article 2, Staffing..." It is apparent through the clear and
unambiguous wording of article 7.02(vi) that the intended framework of the article
7.02(vi) discussions is that the College will first provide its rationale for its
application of article 2, inclusive of providing the reason or rationale for its non
full-time appointments, as clearly found by the Knopf board, after which the
College will then consider the Union's representations respecting the feasibility of
full-time work assignments. The only precondition to the College's duty to
provide its rationale in a UCC meeting is a request by the Union Local. It is not
an obligation for the Union to set out a body of work that the Union submits would
justify the appointment of full-time faculty. To insert such a precondition to the
College's obligation to explain in article 7.02(vi) would be to fly in the face of the
clear wording of the collective agreement and to add a prerequisite that does not
exist.
26
In the result, for the reasons set out above, the Board concludes that the
Union is not obligated under 7.02(vi) to submit evidence of a body of work which
it maintains would support the appointment of one or more full-time appointments
in order to trigger the College's obligation as set out in article 7.02(vi) to "explain
its rationale for its 'application of Article 2, Staffing...", which this Board finds
includes providing the Union with the rationale for its non full-time appointments,
inclusive of partial-load and part-time, if so requested.
Accordingly, the grievance is hereby allowed.
Dated in Ottawa, Ontario, this 6th day of August, 2008.
Chair
s.c.
I dissent for reasons set out below.
"Michael Riddell"
College Nominee
"Sherril Murray"
I concur.
Union Nominee
27
DISSENT OF COLLEGE NOMINEE, MICHAEL RIDDELL
I dissent from the majority decision which concludes that under article 7.02(VI)
the College is obligated to provide the Union with the rationale for the hiring for
partial-load and part-time teaching positions. In reaching this conclusion, the
majority ignores the language in 7.02(VI) which obligates the Union to take the
initial step of making representations "with respect to the assigning of work on a
full-time or a sessional, partial load or part-time basis, and with respect to the
feasibility of assigning work on a full-time basis rather than on a sessional,
partial-load or part-time basis". When the Union has made such representations,
the College is then obliged by the language of Article 7.02(VI) to consider the
representations. Since the College provides the Union with sufficient information
to make representations to support a claim for full-time positions instead of non
full-time positions, the Union is in the position to make the representation as
specified in Article 7.02(VI). The decision of the majority removes the obligation
of the Union to make such representations and as a result and contrary to Article
32.03 D the majority has altered the terms negotiated by the parties to this
Collective Agreement in Article 7.02(VI).
Therefore, I would have dismissed the grievance.
Dated at Toronto, Ontario this yth day of August, 2008
Michael Riddell
Board Nominee