HomeMy WebLinkAbout2008-0750.Mozzone.08-09-16 Decision
Commission de
Crown Employees
Grievance Settlement
règlement des griefs
Board
des employés de la
Couronne
Suite 600 Bureau 600
180 Dundas St. West 180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8 Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388 Tél. : (416) 326-1388
Fax (416) 326-1396 Téléc. : (416) 326-1396
GSB#2008-0750
Union# G-30-08-BO
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Amalgamated Transit Union - Local 1587
(Mozzone)
Union
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Greater Toronto Transit Authority - GO Transit)
Employer
BEFOREDaniel Harris Vice-Chair
FOR THE UNIONIan Fellows
Green & Chercover
Barristers and Solicitors
FOR THE EMPLOYER
Glenn Christie
Hicks Morley Hamilton Stewart Storie LLP
Barristers and Solicitors
HEARING
September 10, 2008.
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Decision
The Proceedings
In this matter the union grieves that Mary Mozzone was not paid the correct premium for
working the statutory holiday on March 21, 2008 (God Friday). It says that she should have
been paid at a rate of one and three-quarters times her regular rate. For its part, the employer
says it paid the correct rate, being one and one-half times her regular rate.
The Facts
There was no disagreement on the facts. The grievor worked four hours on the March 21, 2008
statutory holiday and was paid at the rate of one and one-half times her regular rate. She also
received a day in lieu of the holiday. The grievor works in a payroll group, and, someone may
be required to work the statutory holiday depending on when the statutory holiday falls in
relation to the regular pay periods. In large measure the employees work it out amongst
themselves who will work the day. The senior employees express a preference as to which
holiday they will work. The employer can compel the junior employees to work the statutory
holiday. That is, first the employer looks for volunteers, failing which it forces the junior
employees to work. Once a senior employee agrees to work a statutory holiday they are required
to do so.
The issue between the parties is whether all work on a statutory holiday is ?overtime? under the
collective agreement. The grievor?s evidence would be to the effect that the general usage in the
workplace, amongst management, co-workers and the union, was that working on a statutory
holiday was referred to as overtime. Also, in her view, she is treated like a bus driver.
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Accordingly, supplementary procedure ?3.13 Holiday Selection Procedure? lays out how
employees are selected to work a statutory holiday.
It was also agreed that the employer separately tracks overtime hours and hours worked on a
statutory holiday, as is reflected on the grievor?s pay slips. A copy of one such pay slip was
entered into evidence.
The two provisions of the collective agreement at issue here are articles 21 and 33, the relevant
portions of which follow:
ARTICLE 21 ? OVERTIME
21.1The overtime rate for purposes of this agreement shall be one and one-half times
the employee?s basic hourly rate of pay.
Where an employee is ?forced? to work overtime, he shall receive one and three-
quarters times the employee?s basic hourly rate of pay.
21.2 (a) In this Article, ?overtime? means an authorized period of work calculated
to the nearest quarter (1/4) hour, rounded up or down as the case may be
and for regular full time employees shall be paid for all actual hours
worked in excess of their regular scheduled shift per day, or in excess of
forty (40) hours per week, or on the employees? scheduled day(s) off.
(b)Overtime for each individual employee is limited to twenty (20) hours in
any seven (7) day period Saturday to Friday inclusive. The twenty (20)
hour weekly overtime limit applies to overtime hours actually worked in
excess of the position?s normal weekly hours of work.
Work on a statutory holiday is not counted in the twenty (20) hours unless
such work is in excess of five (5) worked days in that pay week.
?
33.2In any of the paid holidays fall on a scheduled work day for an employee whose
normal schedule includes two (2) scheduled off days, then the employee shall
receive eight (8) hours pay at his regular rate of pay.
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If any of the paid holidays fall on a scheduled work day for an employee whose
normal schedule includes three (3) scheduled off days, then the employee shall
receive ten (10) hours pay at his regular rate of pay.
In addition, if an employee is required to work on a holiday (i.e., the employer
recognizes the holiday on its calendar date), he/she will be paid at time and one ?
half of his/her normal regular rate for all hours worked on that day.
?
The Submissions of the Parties
It is the union?s submission that work on a statutory holiday is, by definition, overtime work.
Accordingly, if an employee is ?forced? to work on a statutory holiday, they are entitled to be
paid one and three-quarters times their regular rate.
The union said that overtime is defined in article 21, as set out above. It submitted that the
article?s placement of a cap on overtime of twenty hours per week supports its position that hours
worked on statutory holidays are over-time hours. Specifically, it relies on the second paragraph
of 21.2(b) which provides that ?work on a statutory holiday is not counted in the twenty (20)
hours unless such work is in excess of five (5) worked days in that pay week?. It was the union?s
submission that such a saving provision is only necessary if all work on a statutory holiday
would normally be regarded as overtime. If work on a statutory holiday is not overtime, it would
never be counted in the twenty hour cap. However, without this saving provision, all work on a
statutory holiday would count towards the cap.
The union also submitted that there is no difference, from a policy perspective, between being
forced to work overtime or to work a statutory holiday, and the same premium should apply in
each case. Further, in the parlance of the workplace, working a statutory holiday is referred to as
working overtime. Finally, nothing should be taken from the employer?s practice of showing
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overtime hours and statutory holiday hours separately on the pay slips since it is necessary to do
so in order to calculate the number of overtime hours applicable to the twenty hour cap.
The employer says that the union is wrong in its view that the two provisions, articles 21 and 33
are not separate and distinct provisions. The employer says that there is no overlap in the
articles. Further, the parties saw fit to provide a greater premium for ?forced? overtime but did
not do so for ?required? work on a statutory holiday, which by the third paragraph in article 33.2
is paid at time and one-half. It submitted that both articles may have a coercive aspect, but only
the overtime article provides an enhanced premium for such coercion. It would take express
language to make the enhanced premium apply to statutory holidays, and there is no such express
provision.
The employer also submitted that overtime is defined as work in excess of 40 hours per week
that is authorized by the employer. With respect to the second paragraph of article 21.2(b), it
simply adverts to the possibility that work on a statutory holiday might be overtime if it is above
and beyond the normal five days of work that pay week. It is not an acknowledgement that all
work on a statutory holiday is overtime. The employer said that the provisions were clear and
effect should be given to them.
In reply, the union said that the common understanding in the workplace that to work a statutory
holiday was to work overtime, explains why article 33 was not also amended to include the
premium for ?forced? work. Because it is overtime, article 22.1 governs and it contains the
?forced? language. The union also submitted that the employer overstates the coercive nature of
the word ?required? in the statutory holiday article. ?Required? was said to have been used to
express the employer?s need rather than as an equivalent for being ?forced? to do something.
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Finally, the union said that the employer?s submission regarding paragraph 2 of article 21.2(b)
does not address the fact that if the employer?s interpretation is correct, that paragraph is
redundant. If work on a statutory holiday is, by definition, not overtime, there is no need to
exclude from the overtime cap such work if it falls on days one through five in that pay week. It
only needs to be excluded if it is overtime. If it is not excluded then the cap would be reached
prematurely.
Reasons for Decision
The issue, as framed, is whether hours worked on a statutory holiday are overtime hours. It is
agreed that members of management, the union, the grievor and her co-workers refer to such
hours worked as ?overtime?. However, when one considers the provisions of the collective
agreement, it is article 33.2 that provides the general obligation upon the employer to pay a
premium of one and one-half the regular rate to employees working a statutory holiday. It was
the recent introduction of the enhanced premium of one and three-quarters the regular rate that
causes the union to reach for article 21 to enforce payment of that overtime premium to the
grievor for work that in the past would be paid a premium by virtue of article 33. While I
appreciate that work on a statutory holiday is commonly referred to as overtime in this
workplace, certainly, up until the amendments to article 21 regarding ?forced? work there would
be no question but that the obligation to pay for the statutory holiday flowed from article 33.2.
Now, with the changes to article 21 the union is, in essence, taking the position that all hours
worked on a statutory holiday are overtime such that any hours of which they were ?forced? to
work attract the enhanced premium.
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To accept the union?s position would render the third paragraph of article 33.2 redundant, with
uncertain consequences. These are two separate provisions in the collective agreement. Article
21 deals with payment for overtime and article 33 deals with payment for statutory holidays.
The work in question in this matter was performed on a statutory holiday, and it is article 33 that
provides for the payment of the premium. Article 33 does not provide an enhanced premium for
?forced? work. Article 21 does refer in paragraph 2 of article 21.2 to the role that work
performed on a statutory holiday plays with respect to overtime. Paragraph 2 of article 21.2 is
not rendered redundant because articles 21 and 33 are separate and distinct. Rather, it provides
clarity regarding when such work on a statutory holiday is considered overtime for purposes of
the overtime cap calculation. It is not until such hours exceed ?five (5) worked days in that pay
week? that such work will become part of the cap calculation. I make no comment on whether
or not such work becomes ?overtime? at that point and is amenable to the ?forced? work
enhanced premium. That situation is not before me.
Decision
The four hours worked by the grievor on the statutory holiday of March 21, 2008 were not
?overtime? hours. Accordingly, they could not, and did not, attract the premium rate of one and
three-quarters times the basic hourly rate for ?forced? overtime.
th
Dated at Toronto, this 16 day of September, 2008.
Daniel Harris, Vice- Chair