HomeMy WebLinkAboutP-2017-3935.Boucher.19-09-25 Decision
Public Service
Grievance Board
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Commission des
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PSGB# P-2017-3935
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF ONTARIO ACT
Before
THE PUBLIC SERVICE GRIEVANCE BOARD
BETWEEN
Boucher Complainant
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of the Solicitor General) Employer
BEFORE Andrew Tremayne Vice-Chair
FOR THE
COMPLAINANT
Guy Boucher
FOR THE EMPLOYER Peter Dailleboust
Treasury Board Secretariat
Legal Services Branch
Senior Counsel
HEARING
February 6, 2019 (written submissions
completed on April 19, 2019)
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DECISION
[1] The complainant, Guy Boucher, is employed in the Ministry of the Solicitor
General as the Deputy Superintendent of Administration for the St. Lawrence Valley
Correctional and Treatment Centre and the Brockville Jail. [Note: correctional
services, which until recently fell under the Ministry of Community Safety and
Correctional Services, is now carried out through the Ministry of the Solicitor
General]. This decision deals with Mr. Boucher’s complaint challenging the
employer’s decision to assign the duties and responsibilities of a Sergeant (also
known as an Operational Manager) to him during his on-call rotation. At the hearing
and in their written submissions, the parties used the terms “Sergeant” and
“Operational Manager” interchangeably, however the term Operational Manager will
be used consistently in this decision to avoid confusion.
[2] In a preliminary decision dated November 26, 2018, the Board dismissed the
employer’s objection that the Board lacked the jurisdiction to hear this complaint and
found that the matter could proceed on its merits. This decision addresses the
merits of the complaint, and a brief summary of the parties’ arguments on the
employer’s preliminary objection is useful as an introduction.
[3] In that objection, the employer argued that Mr. Boucher was essentially seeking
compensation for the times that he was assigned the duties and responsibilities of
an Operational Manager, namely compensation in the form of overtime and stand-by
time, that would normally apply to the Operational Manager position. As a Deputy
Superintendent of Administration, Mr. Boucher’s classification is M09, which is a
Schedule 6 position. The overtime and standby provisions of the Compensation
Directive simply do not apply to Schedule 6 employees, argued the employer, so the
complaint was really about Mr. Boucher’s job classification, something over which
the Board lacks jurisdiction.
[4] Mr. Boucher responded that he was not disputing his entitlement under the
Compensation Directive for overtime and stand-by time, but rather requesting that
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the employer entirely cease the practice of assigning him to perform the work of an
Operational Manager during his on-call rotation. However, Mr. Boucher took the
position that if the Board found the employer to be at fault for assigning this work to
him, and if the Board decided that a monetary award was warranted, it would be
appropriate for the Board to compensate him accordingly.
[5] In dismissing the employer’s preliminary objection, the Board noted that
subsection 4(2)2 of the Public Service of Ontario Act has not been read to exclude
from the Board’s jurisdiction complaints about being assigned work that is alleged to
be outside of one’s own classification during an on-call rotation. It was therefore
open to Mr. Boucher to argue that practice of assigning him to perform the work of
an Operational Manager during his on-call rotation is improper. In other words,
based on a fair review of the entire complaint as it was framed at that time (and
keeping in mind that the Board assumed that the facts as set out in the complaint
were true and could be proven), it was up to Mr. Boucher to argue why, if at all, this
practice is improper, and why, if at all, he would be entitled to additional
compensation for performing that work.
Background and Context
[6] As stated above, Mr. Boucher is the Deputy Superintendent of Administration
for the St. Lawrence Valley Correctional and Treatment Centre and the Brockville
Jail. As part of his duties, the employer requires Mr. Boucher to be on-call on a
rotational basis. During the on-call period he may be required to assume overall
responsibility for the administration and operation of the facility, a point which is not
in dispute.
[7] However, on some occasions, the particulars of which are set out in the
complaint, the employer has assigned Mr. Boucher to perform the work of an
Operational Manager during his on-call rotation. Mr. Boucher says that performing
the work of an Operational Manager is not part of his job description. The
Operational Manager position has a very specific role and requires detailed job
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knowledge and mandatory training and qualifications. As a Deputy Superintendent
of Administration, he does not have this training or these qualifications, although, he
argues, they are essential for anyone to be able to perform the work of an
Operational Manager safely and effectively. This is contrary to sections 25-27 of the
Occupational Health and Safety Act (OHSA) and to the employer’s own
Occupational Health and Safety Policy, argues Mr. Boucher.
[8] Mr. Boucher requests the following remedy:
1. I'm requesting for the Ministry to cease this practice.
2. If the Board finds merit to my complaint and determines the
employer to be at fault, am requesting restitution for the risk
associated with the work, the stress placed on its employee
associated with the assignment, the years of imposition with
added workload and the deliberate disregard for the health and
safety of its employees.
[9] The employer replies that the assignment (or transfer) of an employee such as
Mr. Boucher to any position, including the position of Operational Manager, during
an on-call rotation or otherwise, is a management right fettered only by arbitrariness,
bad faith, illegality and health and safety. There were legitimate business reasons
as to why Mr. Boucher or one of his senior management colleagues had to fulfill the
role of Operational Manager on January 13 and February 4, 2018, submits the
employer. It does not happen very often, and instances when a Deputy
Superintendent is assigned to perform the work of the Operational Manager are rare
and are becoming less frequent.
[10] The employer also submits that the Occupational Health and Safety Act
(OHSA) restricts the rights of persons employed in the operation of a correctional
facility to refuse work, and in any event, the complainant's assertions of a health and
safety risk are speculative and hypothetical based on the evidence that is before the
Board.
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[11] For reasons which are set out below, I find that Mr. Boucher has not
demonstrated that assigning him to perform the work of an Operational Manager
during his on-call rotation was the result of arbitrariness or bad faith on the part of
the employer. Specifically, I find that occasionally performing this work is part of Mr.
Boucher’s job description as the Deputy Superintendent of Administration for the St.
Lawrence Valley Correctional and Treatment Centre and the Brockville Jail and that
there were legitimate business reasons as to why Mr. Boucher or one of his senior
management colleagues had to fulfill the role of Operational Manager on January 13
and February 4, 2018.
[12] With respect to the health and safety concerns raised by Mr. Boucher, I find
that his assertions of a health and safety risk are speculative and hypothetical based
on the facts before the Board. I also find that the employer has not breached the
OHSA or its own Occupational Health and Safety Policy, because the evidence did
not establish that the employer failed to take every precaution reasonable in the
circumstances for his protection.
Evidence
[13] Mr. Boucher testified at the hearing. He has worked in corrections for
approximately 32 years. He started as a Corrections Officer, was promoted to
Operational Manager in 2001, and became Deputy Superintendent of Operations at
the Brockville Jail in 2010. Since 2012, Mr. Boucher has been the Deputy
Superintendent of Administration for the Brockville Jail and the St. Lawrence Valley
Correctional and Treatment Center. He reports to Tracy Gunton, Superintendent of
the Jail and Treatment Center. There are 2 other Deputy Superintendents serving
these institutions: a Deputy Superintendent of Operations at the Jail (the position
which Mr. Boucher held from 2010 – 2012), and a Deputy Superintendent of
Programs at the Treatment Centre.
[14] Mr. Boucher testified that the essence of his complaint is that on numerous
occasions, the employer has assigned him to perform the work of an Operational
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Manager during his on-call rotation, and that this is improper and unsafe. The
incidents which triggered his complaint took place on January 13 and February 4,
2018, when he was assigned to the position of Operational Manager during his on-
call rotation. Mr. Boucher testified that he and his 2 Deputy colleagues have been
assigned to the position of Operational Manager approximately 8 times between
December 2017 and December 2018. He adds that in 2018, the two institutions
generated a total of 250 incident reports for reasons including assault, fire, lock
down, death of an inmate, escapes, and serious contraband. There were also many
incidents where physical force and chemical munitions were used on an inmate or
inmates.
[15] The job description for Mr. Boucher’s substantive position states, among other
things, that he is to assume responsibility for the administration of the institution(s)
during after-hours and weekends on a rotational on-call basis. He shares this
responsibility with the other 2 Deputy Superintendents, which amounts to each
Deputy Superintendent being on-call for approximately 17 weeks each year, Mr.
Boucher says. There is an unofficial arrangement that for every week that a Deputy
Superintendent is on-call, the employer provides 1 day off in lieu of compensation
and an additional day off in lieu is provided if the Deputy Superintendent is required
to fill in for an Operational Manager.
[16] Mr. Boucher says that the Operational Manager position has a very specific role
and requires detailed job knowledge and mandatory training and qualifications,
including but not limited to the following: use of force and defensive tactics, chemical
munitions (notably MK-3 Oleoresin Capsicum [OC] Foam), first aid and CPR, fire
safety, warrants, suicide prevention, respiratory protection, and hazardous materials.
There is also site-specific training for both the Jail and for the Treatment Centre.
Some of the training requirements need to be refreshed every year or 2 years, and
all of these requirements apply to anyone taking the position on a temporary
assignment or acting basis. The position is considered to be a frontline managerial
position with the responsibility to respond to and manage all emergency situations
and determine the level of response required.
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[17] As a Deputy Superintendent of Administration, Mr. Boucher says that he does
not have this training and these qualifications, although these are essential for
anyone to be able to perform the work of an Operational Manager safely and
effectively. In contrast, the mandatory training requirements for his substantive
position are relatively minimal. In his view, the employer has refused to implement
changes to ensure that he and others in his classification are not assigned to the
Operational Manager’s position.
[18] Detailed and comprehensive Crisis Management Plans are maintained at each
institution to ensure the provision of timely and effective operational responses to
emergency situations. Emergency situations covered by the plans include, but are
not limited to, hostage taking incidents, inmate hunger strikes, riots and
disturbances, escapes, bomb threats, external assaults on the institution, emergency
evacuations, public utility disruptions, and inmate work stoppages. Mr. Boucher
says that having to deal with the possibility of an emergency situations is the primary
function of the on-call rotation, but when the employer assigns him to the
Operational Manager position during his on-call rotation, this eliminates the
availability of a senior officer (namely himself) to respond to a crisis situation. This in
turn places the safety of employees, inmates and the safety and security of the
general public at risk. In other words, his primary responsibility during his on-call
rotation is to respond to a serious situation at the Jail or the Treatment Centre, says
Mr. Boucher. For example, it would be impossible for him to report to the Treatment
Centre during a serious emergency situation while he is assigned to the Jail as an
Operational Manager.
[19] Mr. Boucher conceded that his training record shows that had been offered
training in several of the areas required for the Operational Manager position,
including community escort training, first aid and CPR, and dealing with inmates with
mental health challenges. Some of these he withdrew from, did not complete, or he
was absent due to illness. He also conceded that there were no incidents on
January 13 or February 4, 2018 (the dates which triggered his complaint) when he
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was assigned to the position of Operational Manager during his on-call rotation. He
agreed that he did not raise any concerns about his safety or his ability to perform in
that position on either of these 2 times he was assigned to it or at any other time he
was assigned to the position, and that the first time he raised any of these concerns
was when he filed this complaint.
[20] Ms. Gunton, the Superintendent of the Jail and Treatment Center, testified at
the hearing on behalf of the employer. She disagreed with Mr. Boucher’s testimony
that he is not qualified to act as an Operational Manager. The Operational Manager
usually directs and supervises staff and is not typically on the front line, personally
using force, handcuffs, or chemical munitions; Mr. Boucher is qualified to direct and
supervise staff and he regularly does so. There may be times when an Operational
Manager needs to step in, but in her experience, even if they have not done so for a
while, they manage.
[21] In addition, there are employees regularly working in this and other “front line”
positions who can’t perform certain tasks or use certain equipment because of
workplace accommodation measures or because they are otherwise restricted from
carrying prohibited weapons. Ms. Gunton testified that these employees still work
on the floor without carrying chemical munitions, for example. The distinction is that
employees need to be trained in the use of chemical munitions before they are
allowed to carry them, but there is no hard and fast requirement that an employee
actually carry them. Similarly, an employee whose training on the use of handcuffs
may have lapsed, could be rusty, but will still likely be capable of using them. Ms.
Gunton also notes that not every employee carries handcuffs.
[22] If there was ever an incident with an inmate and every other option had been
tried or considered, it would be appropriate for someone such as a Deputy
Superintendent who had not been trained in the use of chemical munitions or
handcuffs to use that equipment if it was needed to do the job. If an employee was
not trained but had to carry or use this equipment because there were no other
options, it would be allowed, in her view.
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[23] Ms. Gunton testified that Mr. Boucher did not raise any concerns, either for his
personal safety or otherwise, when he worked as an Operational Manager on
January 13 and February 4, 2018. On February 4, Mr. Boucher simply told her that
he would be working that night because the employee who was scheduled to work
had called in sick and others were not answering their phones. She did not order
Mr. Boucher to work the shift, and she is usually notified after the shift has started,
as was the case here.
[24] Ms. Gunton expects any employee who feels unsafe at work, including Mr.
Boucher, to let her know. She would then work with them to find out why, and help
to mitigate the risks. The Operational Manager is in charge of the buildings and is
her designate, says Ms. Gunton, so not filling the position is simply not an option.
Someone must be in charge of operations at all times to make sure that everything
is running and that procedures are being followed. If Mr. Boucher could not have
filled in on January 13 and February 4, 2018, Ms. Gunton says, she would have
gone in herself. If there had been any kind of incident she would have gone in right
away. There is also a Regional Manager on-call at all times who can assist or come
in as necessary.
[25] Ms. Gunton described one time when Mr. Boucher told her that they were short
a manager, although she did not recall when this took place. They discussed
staffing options, and one concern raised was that one manager was concerned
about working in the secure treatment unit because although he had received the
appropriate training, he had not actually worked there. The situation was addressed
by having another experienced manager come in and shadow the inexperienced
manager for 4 hours and for an on-call manager to provide additional support. In
other words, the various concerns were addressed and the situation was resolved.
[26] It does not happen often that a Deputy Superintendent has to work a shift as an
Operational Manager, testified Ms. Gunton. Efforts are always made to find other
staff to fill the position, but sometimes employees don’t answer their phones.
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Sometimes staff are ordered to stay at work and fill the next shift, which causes
scheduling problems for the next day but fixes the situation in the short term.
[27] Measures have also been put in place to reduce the number of times that a
Deputy Superintendent is called in to fill in for the Operational Manager. There are
more opportunities for employees to be acting as Operational Managers, job
shadowing has been introduced, and there are acting Managers in these and other
areas. These measures have created a larger pool to fill the shifts of the
Operational Manager.
[28] Deputy Superintendents are responsible for the administration of the institutions
after-hours and weekends, on a rotational on-call basis. Although performing the
work of an Operational Manager is not specifically set out as part of a Deputy
Superintendent’s job description, oversight of the institutions is, and if an Operational
Manager cannot be found to fill a shift, then filling the position of Operational
Manager is part of a Deputy Superintendent’s duties, says Ms. Gunton.
Parties’ Submissions
[29] Mr. Boucher argues that the work of an Operational Manager is outside his
classification, not within his terms of employment, not within his job description, not
part of his on-call responsibilities, and without any means for compensation under
the Ministry's Compensation Directive. He adds that every time the employer
assigns him to the position of Operational Manager, he is placed at a greater risk
because he does not have the tools, the equipment, and the training necessary to
protect himself and others. Assigning him to the position also exposes him to
discipline and other adverse consequences.
[30] For example, Mr. Boucher argues, he cannot fulfill the duties and
responsibilities that are required of the Operational Manager's position in the event
of a fire at the institution, because a Deputy Superintendent does not receive training
in fire evacuation and perform monthly fire evacuation drills, nor does he participate
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in MSA and fire extinguisher training. When he is acting as Operational Manager,
he cannot ensure that COs have properly donned protective respiratory equipment
prior to sending them into a fire evacuation. This would be a total procedural failure
with the potential for serious injuries or loss of life.
[31] The employer`s Institutional Services Policy and Procedures Manual includes
provisions on the use of force, handcuffs, MK-3 (OC) foam, MK-4 (OC) spray, fire
safety, and respiratory protection. The essence of these policies is that the
Superintendent is responsible for ensuring that all correctional staff are properly
trained before using this equipment and that corrections staff follow proper
procedures regarding the use of this equipment.
[32] Mr. Boucher also argues submits that the employer has breached various
provisions of the OHSA and the employer’s own Occupational Health and Safety
Policy.
[33] The employer submits that the assignment (or transfer) of an employee such as
Mr. Boucher to any position, including the position of Operational Manager, during
an on-call rotation or otherwise is a management right fettered only by arbitrariness,
bad faith, illegality and health and safety requirements.
[34] The employer notes that the job description for Deputy Superintendents
includes the following:
Purpose:
To manage, coordinate, and oversee identified functions within
a correctional institution to ensure public safety and support the
care, custody and control of offenders. These functions include:
Operations - oversight of Operational Managers and staff
reporting into them.
Programs - offender institutional and local community programs
including: chaplaincy, psychology, social work, health care,
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counseling, and rehabilitation services; recreational
programming; and volunteer and community liaison programs.
Services - institutional support service operations including food
services, laundry, housekeeping and maintenance.
To assume overall responsibility for the administration and
operation of the facility during rotational on-call periods.
. . . .
Working Conditions:
Work is conducted within a secure detention/custody facility
setting that functions on 24 hours a day, 7 days a week with
occasional exposure to erratic behavior, verbal abuse, and the
potential for physical danger.
May be required to manage emergency medical crises and
security breach situations, manage aggressive behavior, and
contain and resolve emergency situations.
Shift work could include evenings, nights, weekends and
statutory holidays including “on-call” responsibilities.
Oversight of the institutions is part of a Deputy Superintendent’s job description, and
if an Operational Manager cannot be found to fill a shift, then the senior managers
are responsible for filling that position, and if absolutely necessary, performing the
work themselves.
[35] The employer submits that s. 20 of the Ministry of Correctional Services Act
places the statutory requirement of administering a Correctional facility on the
Superintendent. In the absence of the Superintendent, the responsibility is
delegated to the Deputy Superintendent. The obligation of the Superintendent is the
care custody and control of inmates that are placed in the facility on a 24 hour, 365
days per year basis. Ms. Gunton testified that when there is no Operational
Manager available to fill a shift, the position must be filled by someone. To run the
institution without management in the building is to put the care custody and control
of the inmates at risk and to fall short of a statutory duty. In other words, submits the
employer, it is simply not an option to have no management in the facility, and on
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January 13 and February 4, 2018 the Operational Managers who were scheduled to
work had called in sick and others were not answering their phones.
[36] For all of these reasons, argues the employer, there were legitimate business
reasons as to why Mr. Boucher or one of his senior management colleagues had to
fulfill the role of Operational Manager on January 13 and February 4, 2018.
[37] Moreover, Ms. Gunton testified that attempts are made to have reassignments
to the Operational Manager position used sparingly, and her evidence, which was
not challenged, is that the instances of this are becoming less frequent. When a
Deputy Superintendent such as the complainant is required to fill in for an
Operational Manager there is also an informal arrangement to compensate them by
way of providing an additional day off in lieu, which confirms that the employer
acknowledges the importance of the assignment.
[38] The OHSA restricts an employee's right to refuse work in limited
circumstances, submits the employer. One of those circumstances is in the case of
a person employed in the operation of a correctional facility. This restriction on
workers’ rights was enacted by the legislature to recognize that a balancing must
occur between the safety of workers in some limited vocations and the life, health or
safety of another person which in this case is the inmates in the facility along with
fellow employees.
[39] If the Board were to order the Employer to not assign the complainant or any
other person employed in the operation of a Correctional Facility to perform work in
a position where there is a legitimate business reason to do so, the Board would be
completely writing down a key section of the OHSA, the employer submits. The
Act’s restrictions on workers’ rights were enacted by the legislature to recognize that
a balancing must occur between the safety of workers in some limited vocations and
the life, health or safety of another person, which in this case is the inmates in the
facility along with fellow employees. The Board has no authority to read down the
OHSA.
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[40] Furthermore, the evidence before the Board is that no incident took place that
would have triggered the use of any appliance such as handcuffs or OC foam where
the requirement for specialized training is needed on either of the dates mentioned
in the complaint. With the greatest respect, submits the employer, the complainant's
assertions of health and safety risks are speculative and hypothetical based on the
facts before the Board.
[41] The employer adds that it appreciates Mr. Boucher’s service to the Crown, and
submits that if he has concerns about his own training, the employer is committed to
taking steps to address those concerns in order that he feels safe and healthy in his
workplace. In this regard, should the Board be concerned about Mr. Boucher’s
health and safety, then the employer submits that the Board’s jurisdiction is limited to
declaratory relief, and the issue of appropriate training should be remitted to the
parties to determine what is required.
Issues and Analysis
[42] The issue to be decided is whether it is improper for Mr. Boucher to be
assigned to perform the work of an Operational Manager during his on-call rotation.
For the reasons set out below, I find that it is not. As a result, Mr. Boucher’s
complaint is dismissed.
[43] The Board has held that the onus is on a complainant to prove that a non-
disciplinary transfer was arbitrary, discriminatory, or made in bad faith. Murphy v.
Ontario (Ministry of Transportation), PSGB # 1992-0017; Aspiotis v. Ontario
(MCSCS), PSGB # 2017-2377. The employer’s right to transfer an employee is also
subject to health and safety requirements. The parties agreed this is the appropriate
test to be applied in this matter.
[44] Mr. Boucher’s first argument is that performing the work of an Operational
Manager is not part of his job description. The job description of a Deputy
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Superintendent says that the purpose of the position is “to manage, coordinate, and
oversee identified functions within a correctional institution to ensure public safety
and support the care, custody and control of offenders [emphasis added].” These
functions include: “oversight of Operational Managers and staff reporting into them,”
and “to assume overall responsibility for the administration and operation of the
facility during rotational on-call periods [emphasis added].”
[45] In my view, as the Deputy Superintendent of Administration for the St.
Lawrence Valley Correctional and Treatment Centre and the Brockville Jail, Mr.
Boucher is part of a small cadre of senior managers who are responsible for the
oversight of these two institutions. Someone must be in charge of operations at all
times to make sure that everything is running and that procedures are being
followed. The Operational Manager is in charge of the buildings and is the
Superintendent’s designate, and as Ms. Gunton made clear, not filling the position is
simply not an option. As a result, if an Operational Manager cannot be found to fill a
shift, then the senior managers are responsible for filling that position, and if
absolutely necessary, performing the work themselves. This responsibility is a small
but essential part of a Deputy Superintendent’s more general and overall
responsibility for the operation of the Treatment Centre and the Jail.
[46] The Working Conditions section of Mr. Boucher’s job description includes clear
references to the health and safety risks that are of concern to him, namely
“occasional exposure to erratic behavior, verbal abuse, and the potential for physical
danger [emphasis added].” It is also specifically mentioned that the Deputy
Superintendent “may be required to manage emergency medical crises and security
breach situations, manage aggressive behavior, and contain and resolve emergency
situations [emphasis added].” In my view, this provides additional support for the
employer’s position that Mr. Boucher may sometimes be required to work in
situations where he may be exposed to health and safety risks. While these risks
must be managed in accordance with all of the applicable health and safety
requirements that are set out in the OHSA (a point which is addressed in greater
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detail below), it is well within the scope of Mr. Boucher’s duties and responsibilities
that he may from time to time be exposed to hazardous situations.
[47] Mr. Boucher has been assigned to perform the work of an Operational Manager
very few times. His own evidence is that he and his two Deputy colleagues were
assigned to the position of Operational Manager approximately eight times between
December 2017 and December 2018. Two of these occasions took place on the
dates which triggered his complaint, namely January 13, 2018 and February 4,
2018. Given that the facilities operate on a 24 hour, 365 days per year basis, and
that the position of Operational Manager must always be filled, the number of times
that Mr. Boucher and his senior management colleagues have been called upon to
actually fill this position is extremely low. In my view, this is reasonable for work
which cannot be said to be one of the core duties and responsibilities of a Deputy
Superintendent but which is appropriately described as part of his more general and
overall responsibility for the operation of the Treatment Centre and the Jail.
[48] The Board has held that managers in a correctional facility are expected to
demonstrate and uphold high standards; they must not only perform but also model
a managerial role Gronski v. Ontario (MCSCS), 2015 CanLII 67988; Lee v. Ontario
(MCSCS), PSGB # 2016-1344; and Huppmann v. Ontario (SOLGEN), PSGB #
2016-1778. While these decisions involve complaints about disciplinary measures,
the comments are equally applicable here. As mentioned above, Mr. Boucher is part
of a small cadre of senior managers who are responsible for the oversight of two
facilities. No written policy is necessary to establish an expectation that a Deputy
Superintendent discharge their responsibility for the custody and supervision of
every person in their institutions as well as their duty to the public, to the best of their
abilities, within the limits of the resources provided by the employer for them to do
so. Similarly, it is not necessary for the written job description to set out in detail the
complete range of a Deputy Superintendent’s overall duties and responsibilities,
particularly when it comes to their general responsibility for the operation of the
facilities where they work.
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[49] Ms. Gunton gave evidence, which was not challenged, about the employer’s
efforts to minimize the number of times that a Deputy Superintendent has to work a
shift as an Operational Manager. When an Operational Manager who is scheduled
for work calls in sick or is otherwise unable or unwilling to report for duty, efforts are
always made to find other staff to fill the position, but sometimes employees don’t
answer their phones. Sometimes staff are ordered to stay at work and fill the next
shift, which causes scheduling problems for the next day but fixes the situation in the
short term. There are also more opportunities for employees to be acting as
Operational Managers, job shadowing has been introduced, and acting Manager
positions have been created in these and other areas. These measures have
created a larger pool to fill the shifts of the Operational Manager, testified Ms.
Gunton. In my view, these measures reflect a reasonable and good-faith effort by
the employer to minimize the number of times that a Deputy Superintendent has to
work as an Operational Manager. The evidence simply does not support Mr.
Boucher’s contention that the employer has refused to implement changes to ensure
that he and others in his classification are not assigned to the Operational Manager’s
position. The standard is not perfection, and there will always be situations when an
Operational Manager simply cannot be found to fill a shift.
[50] For all of these reasons, I find that performing the work of an Operational
Manager is, in the limited circumstances in which this had occurred based on the
evidence before the Board, part of Mr. Boucher’s job description. There were
legitimate business reasons for why Mr. Boucher or one of his senior management
colleagues had to fulfill the role of Operational Manager on January 13 and February
4, 2018. As a result, Mr. Boucher has failed to discharge the onus to show that this
was arbitrary, discriminatory, or done in bad faith.
[51] Mr. Boucher’s second argument is that as a Deputy Superintendent of
Administration, he does not have the extensive training and qualifications that are
essential for anyone to be able to perform the work of an Operational Manager
safely and effectively.
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[52] First, I note that Mr. Boucher has worked in corrections for approximately 32
years. He started as a Corrections Officer, was promoted to Operational Manager in
2001, became Deputy Superintendent of Operations at the Brockville Jail in 2010,
and has been Deputy Superintendent of Administration for the Treatment Centre and
the Jail since 2012. Mr. Boucher is a seasoned and highly experienced employee
who has worked in corrections for most of his career and has risen to senior
managerial ranks. On this basis alone, it is difficult to agree with his contention that
he was not qualified to act as Operational Manager on the few occasions when he
was assigned to do so.
[53] Ms. Gunton explained why she disagreed with Mr. Boucher’s evidence that he
is not qualified to act as an Operational Manager. She testified that the Operational
Manager usually directs and supervises staff and is not typically on the front line,
personally using force, handcuffs, or chemical munitions. She testified that there
may be times when the Operational Manager needs to step in, and the person may
not have done so for a while, but they manage. Mr. Boucher did not have to be on
the front line and personally use force, handcuffs, or chemical munitions when he
was assigned to the position of Operational Manager on January 13 or February 4,
2018, nor is there any evidence before the Board that he has been required to do so
at any other time since he became Deputy Superintendent of Operations. This aligns
with Ms. Gunton’s evidence.
[54] Second, Ms. Gunton also testified that there are employees who regularly work
in front-line positions who can’t perform certain tasks or use certain equipment,
either because of workplace accommodation measures, or because they are
otherwise restricted from carrying prohibited weapons, or for other reasons. These
employees still work on the floor without carrying chemical munitions. She made the
distinction between employees who need to be trained in the use of chemical
munitions before they are allowed to carry them, and the absence of any
requirement that an employee actually carry them. Similarly, she testified that an
employee whose training on the use of handcuffs may have lapsed may be rusty,
but they will still likely be capable of using them; moreover, not every employee
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carries handcuffs. In other words, there is no hard and fast requirement that Mr.
Boucher carry handcuffs and chemical munitions when he works as an Operational
Manager.
[55] If there was ever an incident with an inmate and every other option had been
tried or considered, testified Ms. Gunton, it would be appropriate for someone such
as a Deputy Superintendent who had not been trained in the use of chemical
munitions or handcuffs to use that equipment if it was needed to do the job. In other
words, if Mr. Boucher felt that he had to carry or use this equipment because there
were no other options, it would be appropriate for him to do so. In my view, this
properly allays any concerns that Mr. Boucher may have about facing disciplinary
consequences as a result of working as an Operational Manager.
[56] The detailed job knowledge, mandatory training, and extensive qualifications
that are required for the Operational Manager are set out above and need not be
repeated here. The employer did not dispute that some of the training requirements
need to be refreshed every year or 2 years, and that all of the requirements apply to
anyone taking the position on a temporary assignment or acting basis. In my view,
there is a difference between the extent to which an employee who is permanently in
a position (or who is assigned to a position for a significant period of time) is
expected to possess the detailed job knowledge, mandatory training, and extensive
qualifications for the position on the one hand, and the expectations for a seasoned
senior manager who is rarely assigned to the position on the other hand. It is
reasonable for some flexibility and common sense to be applied in the application of
the employer’s policies, particularly when the assignment is rare or only happens in
exceptional circumstances.
[57] In any event, the evidence strongly suggests that many of Mr. Boucher’s
concerns could be addressed by additional training or by refreshing or recertifying
his existing qualifications. It is open to Mr. Boucher to identify any concerns about
his training as it relates to health and safety matters. The employer has encouraged
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Mr. Boucher to do so, and it has committed to addressing his reasonable concerns.
The Board endorses and echoes that encouragement.
[58] With respect to the OHSA and the employer’s own Occupational Health and
Safety Policy, Mr. Boucher mentioned sections 25-27 of the OHSA (and similar
sections from the Policy) in his submissions, although he did not specifically explain
how the employer has actually contravened either. However, his point appears to be
that the employer should under no circumstances be permitted to ask him to fill in for
the Operational Manager.
[59] The OHSA requires the employer (and a supervisor) to “take every precaution
reasonable in the circumstances for the protection of a worker.” (ss. 25(2)(h) and
27(2)(c)). Mr. Boucher was not on the front line nor did he personally use force,
handcuffs, or chemical munitions when he was assigned to the position of
Operational Manager on January 13 or February 4, 2018, and there is no evidence
before the Board that he has been required to do so at any other time since he
became Deputy Superintendent of Operations. The Operational Manager usually
directs and supervises staff and is not typically on the front line, personally using
force, handcuffs, or chemical munitions. If the Operational Manager needs to step
in, the person may be rusty, but they manage. These are the overall circumstances
in which Mr. Boucher has found himself when he has acted in the position of
Operational Manager.
[60] In addition, there is a robust array of resources available to assist Mr. Boucher
or any other Deputy Superintendent assigned to the position of Operational Manager
as needed. There is a Regional Manager who is on-call at all times and who can
assist or come in as necessary. Ms. Gunton would have worked as the Operational
Manager if Mr. Boucher had declined to do so, as she would have had there been
any kind of incident.
[61] Taken together, the totality of the evidence shows that the employer takes the
matter seriously, and that it has adopted a variety of measures to minimize the
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number of times that Mr. Boucher and the other Deputy Superintendents have to
work as an Operational Manager. It has also made available a robust array of
resources to assist Mr. Boucher, who has worked in corrections for 32 years, as
needed, during the very few times he has worked as an Operational Manager. The
employer is not required to take every precaution that is available to protect Mr.
Boucher. It is required to take every precaution that is reasonable to protect Mr.
Boucher and other Deputy Superintendents, when they from time to time do the
work of an Operational Manager. In my view, in light of all of the relevant
circumstances and based on the evidence before the Board, the employer has met
the appropriate standard. As a result, the evidence does not establish that there has
been a violation of the OHSA.
Disposition
[62] Having carefully considered the evidence and the parties’ submissions, I find
that Mr. Boucher has not demonstrated that assigning him to perform the work of an
Operational Manager during his on-call rotation was the result of arbitrariness or bad
faith on the part of the employer. Specifically, I find that occasionally performing this
work is part of Mr. Boucher’s job description as the Deputy Superintendent of
Administration for the St. Lawrence Valley Correctional and Treatment Centre and
the Brockville Jail and that there were legitimate business reasons as to why Mr.
Boucher or one of his senior management colleagues had to fulfill the role of
Operational Manager on January 13 and February 4, 2018.
[63] With respect to the health and safety concerns raised by Mr. Boucher, I find
that his assertions of a health and safety risk are speculative and hypothetical based
on the facts before the Board. I also find that in the circumstances, the employer
has taken every precaution reasonable to protect Mr. Boucher and other Deputy
Superintendents when they from time to time do the work of an Operational
Manager. As a result, the evidence does not establish that there has been a
violation of the OHSA.
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[64] For all of these reasons, the complaint is dismissed.
Dated at Toronto, Ontario this 25th day of September, 2019.
“Andrew Tremayne”
_______________________
Andrew Tremayne, Vice-Chair