HomeMy WebLinkAbout2013-1446.Union.19-11-07 Decision
Crown Employees Grievance Settlement
Board
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180 Dundas St. West
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388
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Commission de
règlement des griefs
des employés de la
Couronne
Bureau 600
180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tél. : (416) 326-1388
Téléc. : (416) 326-1396
GSB#2013-1446, 2013-1574, 2013-1696
UNION#2013-0999-0049, 2013-0999-0063, 2013-0999-0069
Additional grievances noted in Appendix “A”
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(Union) Union
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Treasury Board Secretariat) Employer
BEFORE Reva Devins Arbitrator
FOR THE UNION Richard Blair
Ryder Wright Blair & Holmes LLP
Counsel
FOR THE EMPLOYER George Parris
Treasury Board Secretariat
Legal Services Branch
Counsel
HEARING October 9 and 29, 2019
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Decision
[1] This is one of a series of grievances regarding the operation of the Transition Exit
Initiative, (“TEI”), set out in Appendix 46 of the Collective Agreement. I have now
issued four decisions on the scope of the Employer’s discretion to allow or deny
a request for TEI: Koeslag, issued January 12, 2016, Vadera, June 28, 2018,
Kimmel, November 29, 2018 and Anich, August 9, 2019.
[2] The current group of Grievors are all Correctional Officers. The Employer
considered their requests for TEI but did not approve them. The Union alleges
that the Employer’s exclusive focus on some factors, to the exclusion of others,
was tantamount to establishing a blanket rule and that this was an improper
exercise of their discretion.
[3] The Employer maintained that there was no blanket rule, that the Grievors’
requests were considered, but that fiscal and operational limitations pertaining to
their positions meant that the Grievors’ exit from the Ontario Public Service
(“OPS”) would not support the Employer’s vision of transformation.
Agreed Statement of Facts
[4] The parties submitted an Agreed Statement of Fact (“ASF”) as follows:
1. A number of Correctional Officers employed by the Ministry of the
Solicitor General (the “Ministry”) applied for TEI between January 2013
to the end of November 2018 (the “CO TEI Applications”).
2. The Ministry did not approve any of the CO TEI Applications.
3. The Union filed grievances between January 2013 and the end of
November 2018 on behalf of Correctional Officers whose TEI
applications were not granted (the “CO TEI Grievances”).
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4. For the purposes of these grievances, the Employer does not dispute
that the requirements of paragraph 2(i) of Appendix 46 were met. This
is without prejudice in other matters.
5. The Transit Exit Initiative (Appendix 46) was first effective January 24,
2013. The language of Appendix 46 was amended effective October
30, 2015.
6. The Employer’s evidence would be that the decision to not approve
CO TEI Applications was made by the Assistant Deputy Minister,
Institutional Services. The Union does not have evidence to the
contrary.
7. It would be the Employer’s evidence that the Ministry did not grant the
CO TEI Applications based on the following factors: At the time of the
CO TEI Applications and the CO TEI Grievances, the Ministry had no
intention of reducing the numbers of Correctional Officers. To the
contrary, the Ministry was interested in increasing the number of
Correctional Officers. It was therefore the Ministry’s view that there
was no transformation that would be supported by granting the CO TEI
Applications. The Union does not have any evidence to the contrary.
8. It would be the Employer’s evidence that Staffing shortages in the
Ministry were a factor in a number of operational and fiscal challenges,
including partial and full lock-downs in Correctional Institutions and
high overtime costs. The Union does not have evidence to the
contrary.
9. The grievances to be determined pursuant to the above are as follows:
See Appendix A.
10. The Parties agree that in the event there are other Correctional Officer
grievances outstanding regarding TEI denial filed between January
2013 and the end of November 2018, the result in the above noted
grievances should also pertain to those grievances unless the
grievance raises an issue sufficient to distinguish it from the grievances
above.
Appendix 46
[5] The relevant provisions of Appendix 46 are as follows:
1. All regular, regular part-time and flexible part-time employees will be
eligible to apply to a Transition Exit Initiative (TEI).
2. An employee may request in writing voluntary exit from employment
with the OPS under the TEI, which request may be approved by the
Employer in its sole discretion. The Employee’s request will be
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submitted to the Corporate Employer. The Employer’s approval shall
be based on the following considerations:
i. At the time that an employee TEI request is being
considered, the Employer has plans to reduce positions in
the OPSEU bargaining unit; and
ii. The Employer has determined in its discretion that the
employee’s exit from employment supports the
transformation of the Ontario Public Service.
iii. The Employer will consider whether employees are on the
TEI list when making surplus decisions.
Submissions
[6] The Grievors believed that the Employer failed to fairly process and consider
their applications. The Union argued that TEI was an OPS wide initiative and that
the Employer repudiated that commitment when it refused to grant any TEI
requests from Correctional Officers. Correctional Officers were effectively
excluded from an available benefit and discriminated against on the basis of their
classification.
[7] The Union accepted that an ongoing need for the applicant’s position was a
relevant factor in the exercise of the Employer’s discretion. However, it argued
that a one for one reduction should not be the sole consideration. Counsel
suggested that the Employer could have considered whether transformation
could be achieved by other means, such as granting TEI to senior employees
and replacing them with junior employees.
[8] The Union argued that the Employer’s reliance on factors solely related to
immediate staffing needs amounted to application of a blanket rule. The factors
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were rigidly applied and so narrow that the result was pre-ordained and therefore
an improper exercise of discretion.
[9] Counsel for the Employer maintained that the Board has already held that the
Employer has broad discretion in determining whether TEI should be granted and
what the relevant considerations are in making that determination: Koeslag,
supra and Vadera, supra. The Board has also specifically found that the
Employer is entitled to make a business decision not to grant an individual’s
request for TEI where their position cannot be eliminated: Kimmel, supra and
Anich, supra.
[10] In this case, the Employer argued that the factors it took into account were
completely appropriate and that it would not make sense, operationally or fiscally,
to grant TEI requests that would only exacerbate existing staffing pressures.
There was no formal blanket rule that prevented consideration of requests for TEI
from Correctional Officers. Nor has the Union identified any particular factors that
were missed or should have been considered.
[11] Counsel for the Employer argued that the same result for several employees
does not establish that the Employer fettered its discretion. This outcome was
the direct result of a shortfall in the number of employees occupying the same
position as the Grievors. Ultimately, it is possible for an entire group of
employees to receive TEI whereas no one in another group gets approved,
depending on the circumstances of the group of applicants. In the Employer’s
submission, this is not discrimination or differential treatment, but rather reflects
the varying contexts of the two groups of employees.
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[12] In reply, the Union confirmed its position that the Employer’s consideration of the
two factors identified in the ASF, to the exclusion of other factors, is tantamount
to a blanket rule that no CO can be granted TEI. Appendix 46 provides that TEI is
available across the bargaining unit, without distinction. By applying such a
narrow set of considerations, the Employer has made it impossible for COs to
access this benefit.
Analysis
[13] The Grievors are Correctional Officers at a variety of correctional facilities. The
Employer considered all of their requests for TEI, applied what it considered to
be the relevant criteria and determined that it would not approve any of their
requests. The issue raised by these grievances is extremely narrow: has the
Employer fettered its discretion by considering a restrictive set of factors that is
tantamount to a blanket rule?
[14] I have previously found that Appendix 46 confers a broad discretion on the
Employer to determine whether granting a request for TEI would support its
vision of transforming the OPS: Koeslag, supra. While recognising that there may
have been a number of different approaches that the Employer could have
adopted, it remains in the Employer’s sole discretion to decide whether an
‘employee’s exit from employment supports transformation’ and, in so doing, to
determine which factors are relevant to the exercise of that discretion: Vadera,
supra.
[15] The Employer has consistently taken the position that its vision of
‘transformation’ is squarely focussed on downsizing their workforce. They have
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offered the TEI as a targeted inducement to encourage employees to voluntarily
retire or resign, allowing the Employer to eliminate a position without the need to
surplus other employees who wish to remain. In earlier cases, I have determined
that the Employer is entitled to take that approach: Kimmel, supra and Anich,
supra.
[16] Despite their broad discretion, I have also concluded that the ordinary principles
for the proper exercise of discretion apply. Consequently, when the Employer
considers requests for TEI, the decision cannot be based on irrelevant
considerations or otherwise violate the principles set out in Re Kuyntjes, GSB
#513/84 (Verity): Koeslag, supra.
[17] In this case, the Employer conceded that it had general plans to reduce positions
in the OPSEU bargaining unit but had no specific need to reduce the number of
Correctional Officers. In fact, it was experiencing significant, ongoing challenges
because of understaffing, including institutional lock-downs and high overtime
costs. In light of these circumstances, which were not disputed by the Union, the
Employer determined that granting the Grievors’ TEI requests would not support
its plan for transformation. As explained by counsel, it would only exacerbate the
fiscal and operational challenges experienced by already understaffed
correctional facilities.
[18] The Union did not raise allegations of bad faith, Code based discrimination or
argue that the factors considered by the Employer were arbitrary or irrational.
The sole basis for the Union’s argument was that the effect of the factors used in
considering the Grievors’ requests for TEI inevitably led to their denial. In its
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submission, this was tantamount to imposing a blanket rule and inconsistent with
the intent of paragraph 1 that all regular employees will be eligible to apply for
TEI.
[19] Although the result was undoubtedly deeply disappointing for the individual
Grievors, the factors that the Employer deemed relevant did not equate to
imposing a blanket rule that Correctional Officers are ineligible for TEI. These
factors were rational considerations that are reasonably related to achieving
transformation as the Employer saw it. They were applied uniformly and the
result was consistent but did not amount to a fettering of discretion. The
consistency of the Employer’s decisions simply reflects that the most important
facts pertaining to the Grievors’ circumstances, and therefore the manner in
which their exit would or would not support the Employer’s vision of
transformation, were the same.
[20] I agree with counsel for the Employer that an identical outcome for all of the
Grievors does not automatically mean that the Employer improperly exercised
their discretion. In my view, analogous decisions were reached because the
Grievors shared a common denominator. They all occupied positions that were
chronically and notoriously understaffed and this commonality was material to the
consideration of their request.
[21] In this case, while the position occupied by the Grievors was central to the
assessment of whether they would be granted TEI, the Employer did not
mechanically apply a rigid rule that prevented them from considering all of the
relevant facts. Ultimately, the Employer measured each request against the
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vision it had for transforming the OPS, taking into account the current operational
and fiscal reality in correctional facilities. The outcome was not due to an
immutable rule singling out COs or prohibiting them from ever being approved for
TEI. The result was dictated by the fundamentally similar circumstances of the
Grievors.
[22] Having considered the evidence and the submissions before me, I have
determined that the Employer properly exercised its discretion. The Correctional
Officer TEI Grievances are therefore dismissed.
Dated at Toronto, Ontario this 7th day of November 2019.
“Reva Devins”
Reva Devins, Arbitrator
Appendix A
Grievor Union File No GSB File No
Armstrong, Darrell 2014-0718-0002 2014-2692
Briscoe, Nancy 2013-0229-0013 2013-2288
Carruthers, Stephen 2015-0616-0059 2015-3133
Cerqua-Iaboni, Vincenza 2014-0582-0001 2013-3611
Dumont, Henri 2013-0642-0030 2013-2272
Glennie, Joanne 2014-0108-0018 2013-4288
Hollings, David 2013-0229-0014 2013-2289
Klonowski, Kim 2013-0369-0020 2013-2462
Lawson, Donna 2013-0582-0042 2013-2346
Pender, George 2013-0642-0029 2013-2271
Selkirk, Russell 2013-0234-0396 2013-4085
Stewart, Brady 2013-0411-0051 2013-3156
Stockwood, Donald 2013-0582-0047 2013-3196
Theriault, Line 2013-0642-0035 2013-2422