HomeMy WebLinkAbout2016-0023.Faulkner.20-01-21 Decision
Crown Employees Grievance Settlement
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Commission de
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GSB# 2016-0023
UNION# 2016-0234-0065
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(Faulkner) Union
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of the Solicitor General) Employer
BEFORE Brian P. Sheehan Arbitrator
FOR THE UNION Gregg Gray
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
Grievance Officer
FOR THE EMPLOYER Caroline Markiewicz
Treasury Board Secretariat
Employee Relations Advisor
HEARING December 17, 2019
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Decision
[1] Laurie Faulkner (the “grievor”) is a General Duties Officer employed at the Vanier
Centre For Women. On February 19, 2016, she filed a grievance asserting that the
Employer violated the collective agreement by not paying her four hours of “Call Back”
pay for hours worked on February 8, 2016.
[2] This grievance was heard at the Provincial Overtime Table wherein grievances
regarding allegations of improper overtime pay are adjudicated. Accordingly, in
accordance with the practice, this decision is made without precedent or prejudice.
[3] The facts associated with this matter are not in dispute. The grievor was
scheduled to work a 6 AM to 2 PM shift on February 8, 2016. On February 7, 2016, at
approximately 3:20 PM, she was called at home and asked whether she would be willing
to come in at 5 AM on February 8, an hour before the start of her scheduled shift. She
accepted that offer and subsequently worked from 5 AM to 2 PM on February 8.
[4] The reason that the grievor was requested to come in to work early on February 8
was to assist in the release of intermittent inmates who were scheduled to be released
that Monday morning.
[5] The grievor on HPRO had only indicated a willingness to work shift E14 as
overtime (a full 8-hour shift of work scheduled to commence after the grievor’s regular
shift on February 8). She did not indicate that she was available to work a part shift of
overtime on that day.
[6] The grievor was paid an hour of overtime pay for the hour worked between 5 AM
and 6 AM, in addition to her regular pay for hours worked on that day. It is the position of
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the Union and the grievor that she should have been entitled to “Call Back” pay, pursuant
to Article COR 9.1 of the collective agreement; such that, the first four hours she worked
on February 8 should have been paid at the applicable overtime rate.
[7] The wording of Article COR 9.1 is as follows:
ARTICLE COR 9 - CALL BACK
COR9.1 An employee who leaves his or her place of work and
is subsequently called back to work prior to the
starting time of his or her next scheduled shift shall
be paid a minimum of four (4) hours’ pay at one and
one-half (1 ½) times his or her basic hourly rate.
[8] The position of the Union is that the scenario involving the grievor on February 8
squarely fits within the confines of Article COR 9.1. Specifically, the grievor had left work
at the end of her previous shift and was called into work prior to the start of her next
scheduled shift.
[9] Mr. Gray, on behalf the Union, further submitted a key relevant fact in this matter
is that the grievor had not checked off on HPRO a willingness to work overtime in the
form of part shifts on February 8, 2016. The Union accepts that if, in fact, the grievor had
indicated that she was available to work overtime by way of part shifts on the day in
question, the Employer could have quite rightly recognized the additional one hour
worked by the grievor, prior to the commencement of her regular shift on February 8, as
the fulfillment of a desire on her part to work overtime in the form of part shifts.
[10] Further to the above point, the Union places particular reliance on the reasoning
in the Crown in Right of Ontario (Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional
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Services) and Ontario Public Services Employees Union (Jackson) GSB #2017-0204, a
Provincial Overtime Table decision of Arbitrator Felicity Briggs. It is asserted that the
reasoning in that case stands for the proposition that Article COR 9.1 applies if an
employee has not made himself/herself available for overtime on HPRO for the shifts
covering the work in question and is called into work prior to the commencement of
his/her next scheduled shift.
[11] The Union, in the course of its submissions, also cited the following authority:
Labatt Breweries Ontario (London) and Brewery, General and Professional Workers’
Union, Local #1 (2006) CANLII 1319 (ONLA) (Shime).
[12] For the Employer, in accordance with the parties’ Overtime Protocol, the hours
worked by the grievor on the day in question constituted a “shift extension”, and as such,
was not a scenario of a “call back” for the purposes of Article COR 9.1; but rather, it was
properly treated as a simple overtime opportunity worked by the grievor.
[13] Ms. Markiewicz, on behalf of the Employer, further asserted that the totality of
circumstances has to be assessed in evaluating whether Article COR 9.1 is applicable.
In this regard, it was asserted that in accordance with the Overtime Protocol, the fact that
the grievor had not indicated on HPRO that she was available to work overtime in the
form of a part shift did not render her ineligible to be offered the work as overtime in the
form of a “shift extension”. Further to this point, it was noted the grievor volunteered to
work the extra hour on February 8 when she was contacted the previous afternoon.
[14] The Employer further asserted that the Question and Answer Memorandum
forwarded to employees regarding the Overtime Protocol makes it clear that a part shift
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overtime opportunity was distinct from the circumstances of a “shift extension”. Further
to this point, it was submitted that Article COR 9.1 clearly would not have been
applicable if the grievor had worked an extra hour at the end of her shift. By logical
extension, it was submitted that there would be no reason to presume the parties
intended that the grievor working an extra hour prior to the commencement of her shift
should be treated any differently.
[15] Ms. Markiewicz also suggested that it was not the practice of the Employer to
schedule part-shift overtime opportunities of only one hour in duration.
[16] A review of the relevant jurisprudence, the Employer submitted, also suggests
that if the work in question was performed voluntary and was contiguous to an
employee’s regular scheduled shift, that it should not be viewed as a “call back”
scenario. Specifically, it was argued that arbitral jurisprudence indicates that the
purpose of a “call back” premium is to compensate the employee for the inconvenience
and transportation costs associated with incurring an extra trip to and from the
workplace. In support of that proposition, the Employer relied upon the following
authorities: Sun Country Regional Health Authority and Canadian Union of Public
Employees Local 5999 2012 CanLII 64121 (SKLA) (Pelton); County of Kent and Ontario
Public Service Employees’ Union (1982) 8 L.A.C. (3d) 188 (Swinton); City of Toronto and
Canadian Union of Public Employees, Local 79 (1983) 12 L.A.C. (3d) 232 (P. Picher).
Decision
[17] At one level, the position of the Union in this matter is quite understandable given
the Crown in Right of Ontario (Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services)
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(Jackson), supra, decision. In that case, Arbitrator Briggs found Article COR 9.1 not
applicable to the circumstances of a situation that had all the “earmarks” of a classic “call
back” situation (an employee being called back to work after the end of his/her shift to
perform required work and returning home upon the completion of the required work; and
then subsequently returning to work for the commencement of his/her next scheduled
shift), on account of the fact the employee had indicated on HPRO he was available to
work overtime with respect to the hours in question. Arguably more importantly, from the
Union’s perspective, Arbitrator Briggs noted that another employee who was called back
into work but who had not indicated his availability for overtime on HPRO for the shift in
question was properly paid “call back” pay pursuant to Article COR 9.1. Accordingly, it
was asserted that since the grievor in this case had not indicated on HPRO she was
available to work overtime with respect to the hours in question, Article COR 9.1 was
applicable to her circumstances.
[18] Moreover, the Union’s argument that a straightforward application of the wording
of COR 9.1 to the relevant facts relating to the grievor suggests that the requirements of
that provision were satisfied, is appreciated. In this regard, there is no doubt the grievor
had left her place of work and was called to work prior to the start of her next scheduled
shift.
[19] Notwithstanding those points, it is my view that the position of the Employer in this
matter should prevail. In this regard, the Crown in Right of Ontario (Ministry of
Community Safety and Correctional Services) (Jackson), supra, decision is
distinguishable from the relevant facts in the case at hand. Specifically, the reasoning in
that case, in my view, is limited to scenarios of a classic “call back” scenario, and does
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not address the more fundamental question as to the applicability of Article COR 9.1 to
the scenario of an employee voluntarily working overtime hours contiguous to the start of
his/her shift.
[20] Further to the above point, and while there is not necessarily unanimity on this
point, arbitrators have generally interpreted “call back” provisions purposively through the
prism that the entitlement to such a premium is associated with the employee being
inconvenienced by and incurring additional costs, as a result of needing to make an
additional trip to and from work. The rationale associated with this “two trips” rule is
summarized in the following excerpt from City of Toronto, supra:
A number of arbitration cases have considered the general purpose of call-in
provisions. In Re Hydro-Electric Com'n of Town of Mississauga and Int'l Brotherhood
of Electrical Workers, Local 636 (1975), 8 L.A.C. (2d) 158 (Ferguson), the board
made the following statement [at pp. 160-1]:
A review of previous arbitration awards would appear to confirm a predominant
view that the proper application of a call-back provision which contains a
minimum guarantee for work performed when an employee is called in to work
must be based on the fact that an employee has been subject to some degree
of personal inconvenience or social dislocation. Also, there is recognized the
factor of an employee having to incur additional transportation expense from
having to make an extra trip to and from work. The majority of arbitrators have
concluded that the reason why parties negotiate this type of clause is to
recognize the fact that by being required to leave home or some other place
and go to work at an abnormal time an employee finds some disruption or
expense and, therefore, he is entitled to extra compensation. The call-back
guarantee serves to insure that management, in receiving the benefit of having
an employee called in to work at an irregular time, will be encouraged to make
use of its rights only when the work is of sufficient importance to warrant the
extra expenditure which must be incurred. It has also been stated that the
essential character of a call-back is not merely that the employee is somewhere
else at the time that he is asked to return to work, but rather that his work
assignment actually begins at a time when it is necessary for him to make an
extra trip to and from work.
The above quotation suggests a twofold purpose behind call-in pay provisions: first,
to compensate employees for incurring the additional transportation expenses
normally involved in being required to make an extra trip to and from work and,
second, to place a restraint on management scheduling work at abnormal times by
encouraging the company to evaluate whether the immediate performance of the
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work is sufficiently important to justify the added expense of the premium pay. (For a
similar statement of purpose, see also Re Int'l Molders & Allied Workers Union, Local
49 and Webster Manufacturing (London) Ltd. (1971), 23 L.A.C. 37 (Weiler) at pp. 40-
1.)
The board's decision in Re Hydro-Electric, supra, reflects the above-stated rationale
by concluding that the grievor was not entitled to call-in pay because the extra work
he was called upon to perform was immediately prior to his regular shift and did not,
therefore, necessitate an extra trip to work.
[21] The Labatt Breweries Ontario (London), supra, decision cited by the Union also
sets out a useful analysis of the distinction between overtime and a “call back” scenario.
Arbitrator Shime in that case, while confirming the fact that an employee who volunteers
to come in for a “call back” is not necessarily disentitled to be paid a “call back” premium,
opines that a “call back” normally does not arise when the hours worked are contiguous
to the start or end of the employee’s shift. Specifically, he notes:
First, there is the concept of an employee being called in or called back. This occurs
when an employee returns to the work place at a time that differs from the start time
or end time of the employee’s regular shift.
Additionally, elsewhere in the decision, Arbitrator Shime cites “the non-contiguous
nature of the work” as a key factor arguing in favour of concluding that the relevant work
opportunity constituted a “call back” scenario.
[22] It is not disputed that the grievor may have experienced some inconvenience
associated with requiring to appear at work an hour early on February 8. That
inconvenience, even if existed, is not necessarily analogous with the inconvenience and
dislocation typically associated with having to make an additional trip to and from work
due to being “called back to work”. At the end of the day, the fact that the grievor had
indicated on HPRO that she was not available to work part shifts on February 8 is not a
sufficient enough basis to transform the hour of overtime she voluntarily worked prior to
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the commencement of her shift that day as her being “called back to work” for the
purposes of Article COR 9.1. Accordingly, the grievance is, hereby, dismissed.
Dated at Toronto, Ontario this 21st day of January, 2020.
“Brian P. Sheehan”
Brian P. Sheehan, Arbitrator