HomeMy WebLinkAboutEmployer 09-03-24
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IN THE MA TIER OF AN ARBITRATION
BETWEEN;
F ANSHA WE COLLEGE
AND:
ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES'UNION
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AND IN THE MA TIER OF AN ARBITRATION WITH RESPECT TO
AN ABUSE OF THE GRIEVANCE PROCEDURE
O. B. SHIME Q.C. CHAIRPERSON
S. MURRAY UNION NOMINEE
M. RIDDELL COLLEGE NOMINEE
APPEARANCES:
R. ATKINSON
COUNSEL, and others
for the Colleges
1. BREWIN; G. LEEB
COUNSEL, and others
for the Union
Hearings were held on this matter
at London on January 6.2006, March 21,2007, October 15,2007
November 5, 2007, November 12,2007 and September 29,2008
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AWARD
This is a College grievance in which the College claims that the Union has abused the
grievance arbitration procedures in the collective agreement and has acted unreasonably in the
administration of the collective agreement by filing 572 Article 2 grievances over 6 academic terms
and essentially alleging that every partial load position should be a full time position without any
basis for making that claim. The Union has also filed 15 divisional grievances. The Union
maintains that there has been a considerable decrease in full time staff and a corresponding increase
in part time staff while student enrolment at the college has increased. The Union submits that the
College has not provided it with sufficient information to enable the Union to pursue its Article 2
rights to have the College give preference to full time rather than part time positions and therefore
filed the many grievances to obtain the necessary staffing information.
Backeround Introduction
Before turning to the grievances at hand, it is useful to provide some background against
which this grievance may be assessed. Colleges, for the most part, are unlike the usual plant or
office where all the employees are geographically located in one location or in limited but defined
locations and are readily identifiable. Many of the Colleges have multiple locations. Also, the
Colleges employ or contract with a variety of teachers, such as, full time, part time, partial load, and
sessional teachers who teach for a variety of hours. For example, a part time teacher is defined as a
person who teaches six hours per week or less. Some part-time teachers will drop in at the College
to perform their various teaching duties, but will not have an office at the College. In all these
circumstances, it is particularly difficult to determine or identify who is engaged or employed at the
Colleges and for what period of time and in what position. That difficulty becomes even more
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apparent when considering Article 2 of the collective agreement, which requires the College to give
preference to full time positions over partial load and sessional positions. Most often in these cases,
the Union attempts to demonstrate that a combination of positions should result in a full time
position and, accordingly, it is necessary for the Union to have sufficient information about the
various teaching positions in order to make a proper assessment for the purposes of Article 2,
To be fair, there are a number of provisions in the collective agreement requiring that the
College provide the Union with information. For example, Article 7 provides for a Union/College
Committee requiring the College to provide the local Union the rationale for sessional appointments
and for the application of Article 2 staffing, which includes the assigning of work on a full time,
sessional, partial load or part-time basis and the feasibility of assigning work on a full time basis.
That provision can only be fulfilled by the College providing all relevant information concerning
staffing. Also, Article 9 provides for an Employee/Employer Relations Committee which is to
consider common problems including matters of a local College concern during the life of the
agreement, which we interpret to include staffing problems. As well, that Committee is entitled to
examine the adequacy of information supplied under Article 27.04 A (seniority lists for full time,
probationary and partial load employees) and Article 27.12 (all personnel under the agreement, hired
or terminated and personnel assigned to teach credit courses including sessional appointments).
Article 11.02A Al(a) requires the Colleges to give copies of the standard workload form
(SWF) to teachers which includes all details of the teacher's total workload. If these SWFs were
collected by the Union from their members, it would provide the Union with considerable
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information. Article 28 provides for a College Employment Stability Committee (CESC) to examine
employment stability and whose functions include receiving and analyzing data provided under the
agreement, with the objective of providing a data base analyzing internal and external trends which
impact employment stability such as areas of grovvth or decline. These provisions have the potential
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and are capable of providing additional information to the Union concerning the total work force and
the impact of increased or declining enrolment on the staffing at the College. It is our view, the
establishment of a proper and common data base would go a long way to providing the requisite
information in order for both parties to reasonably administer their respective obligations under the
collective agreement.
In addition, Article 8 provides for reduced teaching or work assignments for full time
employees to assist employees and the local Union in the administration of the collective agreement.
The Article provides for leaves of absence for two full time employees elected to full time positions
with the union. Therefore, the Union should be capable of organizing its staff and elected officials to
obtain copies ofSWFs from the bargaining unit members and other information which would enable
the local union to gain considerable insight into the staffing at the College.
Notwithstanding these provisions, it appears from the cases, that some Colleges do not
provide sufficient information. However, fault, if any, does not always reside with the Colleges,
because it also appears that some local Unions do not actively seek information, nor do they maintain
adequate historical records concerning the information that has been provided, In our view, it is
necessary for the reasonable administration of the collective agreement for the Colleges to provide
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sufficient information about the full body ofteaching and for the Union to seek and maintain proper
records of the infonnation that is provided. In that way, both parties will be able to reasonably assess
whether the agreed upon preferences under Article 2 are being honoured.
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In summary, it is our view that the collective agreement mandates that considerable
information be provided to the local Union and also the means by which the local Union may gain
access to the relevant staffmg information. The Colleges are required to provide sufficient
information to enable the Union to pursue its obligations, while the Union is required to collate and
maintain information received from both the College and its members.
We now turn to the instant grievance which provides as follows:
"Fanshawe College
London, Ontario
December 21,2004
The College grieves against OPSEU Local 11 0 and its officers, Paddy Musson, Gary
Fordyce and Tom Geldard.
The College has received 124 identically worded grievances dated November 18,
2004. By their wording, the grievances fall into one of two types. The first type of
grievance claims that a partial-load position occupied by a named individual should
be designated as a full.time position and that the College has therefore violated
Article 2.02 of the collective agreement.
The second type of grievance merely claims that the College "failed to give
preference to the designation of full-time positions as regular teaching positions
rather than non-fun-time positions" in an academic division of the College.
The arbitral jurisprudence Wlder Article 2.02 of the collective agreement is clear that
the Union has the onus of proving the existence of a full-time regular position or
positions.
In its responses to these grievances dated December 2004, the College requested that
the Union provide particulars as to the facts supporting the alleged existence of a fuU-
time position in each of these 124 cases. In its response and referral to Step 2 dated
December 7,2004, the Union has ignored the College's request for particulars and
has instead sought information and documentation from the College.
The Union 's failure to particularize its grievances makes it impossible for the College
to respond to them and makes any Step 2 meeting a complete waste of time and
College resources. This conduct has been repeated over the past six academic terms.
such that the College finds itself in the position of having over 500 grievances to
which it simply has no basis to respond.
As a result of the above conduct, Local 110 and its officers have engaged in an abuse
of the grievance procedure under the collective agreement. Furthermore, such
conduct constitutes a breach of the duty to administer the college agreement (in
particular, the grievance procedure under Article 32) reasonably and in good faith.
As remedy, the College seeks:
1. A declaration that Local 110 and/or Paddy Musson, Gary Fordyce and Tom
Geldard have violated the collective agreement.
2. An order that Local 110, Paddy Musson, Gary Fordyce and Tom Geldard
cease and desist abusing the grievance procedure and breaching the collective
agreement.
3. An order that Local 110, Paddy Musson, Gary Fordyce and Tom Geldard
comply with the obligation to act reasonable and in good faith in the
administration of the collective agreement.
4. An order that the Union provide written particulars of its grievance in each
case as to how and why the partial load position or positions should be a full-
time position.
5. An order that the grievances dated November 18, 2004 not proceed to
arbitration until the Union has provided written particulars of each of the 124
grievances dated November 18,2004 in satisfaction of the order tUlder item 4
above.
6. Such other remedies as are deemed appropriate.
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"Dr. Howard Rundle"
President
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"
The Union's response to the grievance which is consistent with the evidence adduced by the
Union is contained in the Step 2 reply which is as follows:
"TO:
Joy Warkentin, Vice-President, Fanshawe College
FROM
Ted Montgomery, OPSEU
DATE:
February 16, 2005
RE:
Step 2 Grievance meeting - Fanshawe College Grievance dated
December 21. 2004
Appearances:
For the Union:
Paddy Musson:
Tom Geldard
Gary Fordyce
For the College:
Linda Ballantyne
Joy Warkentin
Sheila Wilson
On December 2 I. 2004, the College has grieved "against OPSEU Local 11 0 and its officers,
Paddy Musson, Gary Fordyce and Tom Geldard". The circumstance first giving rise to this
grievance, as it set out in the statement of grievance, is the filing of grievances by OPSEU
Local 110 on November 18, 2004. Although Article 32.11 of the Collective Agreement,
September I, 2003 to August 31,2005 requires that a College grievance must be filed within
20 days of the circumstances giving rise to the grievance, the Union is not raising the patent
violation of the time limits as an objection to the consideration of this grievance.
The College notes, in its grievance, that the Union filed 124 separate grievances dated
November 18, 2004 and adds that over 500 separate grievances have been filed by OPSEU
Local 11 0 over the last six academic terms. Nonetheless, the College alleges that the Union
has failed to "particularize its grievances" that this in turn, "makes it impossible for the
College to respond" and that this then makes "any Step 2 meeting a complete waste of time
and College Resources."
Linda Ballantyne speaking for the College specified that the Union has breached Articles
2.02 and 32 of the Collective Agreement.
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Ms. Ballantyne referred in her presentation to the Award of Arbitrators Paula Knopf, Robert
AlIivan and Sherril Murray in the matter ofOPSEU v. George Bro\VTI College. OPSEU file
no. 01 C218, December 17,2003. Ms. Ballantyne quoted briefly from page 32 of that Award.
The full paragraph containing the quoted section reads:
"When a grievance is filed under Article 2, the Union must show a prima
faeie case demonstrating that a vacant position exists and/or that there is
adequate work to justify the filling of a position. Once a prima facie case
is established, the evidentiary onus shifts to the College to explain why a
full~time appointment has not been made (See George Brown (Shime),
supra; and F anshawe (Samuels), supra]. Because of the way this Article
works and the evidentiary burdens on the parties, Arbitration boards
have ordered Colleges to produce lists of courses taught by part~time
employees, course outlines and timetables (see George Brown College
(Devlin), at pp 6 and 7, supra) The Shime Board of Arbitration, in the
other George Brown College case, supra, also ordered this College to
produce lists of the courses being taught by retiring professors and
existing documents which would indicate whether "those courses, or
courses sufficient similar, or which [were] arguably relevant, [were]
being taught by other who {were] either full~time or part~time which
[included] partial loan and even sessional persons (see Award, page 6).
These orders for production reflect the nature of the conclusion that the
Union has an interest in understanding the nature ofthe "body of work"
that it believes has been assigned in violation of Article 2.~'
Ms. Ballantyne acknowledged that OPSEU Local 110 had requested from the College in
respect of these 124 grievances, the timetables, course information sheets, course
identification numbers, the specific operational requirements for the partial load positions
being grieved, the resumes of the partial-load teachers specified in the grievances, and a
justification for why more than 50% of the total assigned teaching load in some Divisions
was being assigned to non-full time employees.
Ms. Ballantyne also asserted that the College was not suggesting that the Union should not
represent it members.
Speaking for OPSEU Local 110, Paddy Musson replied that the Union believes it has a
reasonable right to information regarding the application of the requirements set out in
Article 2 of the Collective Agreement requiring that the College give preference in its hiring
practices to the hiring of fuIlMtime rather than partialMIoad employees.
Ms. Musson added that OPSEU Local 110 had attempted to use the Union College
Committee [Article 7} in the past to access necessary and requested information regarding
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the College's hires, but now the College was no longer willing to provide any such
information. Ms. Musson also noted that the College had been asked to provide information
relating to the application of Article 2 at previous Step I or Sept 2 meetings but that there
had been no positive response to those requests.
Mr. Gary Fordyce, also speaking for Local 110, noted that there had been a decline in full-
time faculty at Fanshawe College from approximately650-to400, while, at the same time,
studentnumbers had increased. Mr. Fordyce alleged that the College was increasing its use
of partial-load and sessional employees, and, contrary to the obligations set out in Articles
2.02 and 2.03 was giving preference to the hiring of non- full-time employees based on fiscal
considerations and objectives rather than the specified and limited "operational
requirements", which are cited in Article 2 of the Collective Agreement.
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Mr. Fordyce also noted that requests for information in respect of the application of Article 2
had been made by OPSEU Local 110 at Union College Committee meetings but that these
were being denied and he had been told that the provision of information only led to
grievances. Mr. Fordyce also stated that attempts to gain information through the Union
steward structure had been "road-blocked" by the College.
Mr. Fordyce then presented details of the percentages ofteaching hours being assigned to
non-full-time employees in various Divisions of.the College.
Union grievances are filed under Article 32 of the Collective Agreement which gives the
Union Local President the right to file a grievance "concerning the interpretation,
application, administration or alleged contravention of the Agreement". There is no
allegation that the Union has breached any of the specific terms and conditions of Article
32.10. The allegation made by the College in its own grievance is simply that 0 PSEU Local
110 has grieved in a way that is unreasonable and/or not in good faith. This allegation is
based on the number of grievances and an alleged lack of particulars in those grievances.
There is no restriction on the number of grievances that any party - an employee, a group of
employees, the Union, or the College - may file.
Similarly, the only requirement to provide so-called particulars in a grievance is the
statement in Article 32.10 which states that "it is the intention of the parties that reasons
supporting the grievance andfor its referral to the succeeding Step be set out in writing in
the grievance and on the document referring it to the next Step ". There are ample precedents
established as to what meets this condition. A brief statement that the Collective Agreement
has been violated or that the response at any Step is not satisfactory have always found to be
sufficient. '
Turning to the College grievance dated December 31. 2004, with respect to the allegation
that OPSEU Local 11 0 and Ms. Musson, Mr. Geldard, and Mr. Fordyce have violated Article
2.02, the Union can fmd no language in that Article which the Union Local or any of its
officers could breach. Article 2.02 places obligations only on the employer. To grieve that
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the employer has violated those obligations (as OPSEU Local 110 had done) cannot be
logically interpreted by any standardQfreason to a VIolation of that Article of the Collective
Agreement by the Union. Only a party with an obligation or responsibility under that Article
can be found to breach that obligation or responsibility and clearly that Union has no such
responsibility in the administration of Article 2.02. Accordingly, the allegation that OPSEU
Local 110 or any of the three officers named in the College grievance has violated Article
2.02 is wholly unfounded and unsupportable.
The College also alleges that OPSEU Local 110 and Ms. Musson, Mr. Fordyce, and Mr.
Geldard have violated Article 32. This allegation is based on the conclusion made by the
College, and set out in its grievance, that the Local has not acted "reasonable and in good
faith" in exercising its rights under that Article.
The Collective Agreement requires the College to respond to Union grievances filed under
Article 32.10 and to individual or group grievances filed under Articles 32.03, 32.07 and
32.09. In the event that the College is not satisfied with either the form or the substantive
claim of the grievance, the College has the authority to deny the grievance. Nothing in that
denial however prevents the grieving party from referring the matter to arbitration by a third
party as set out in Article 32. to the extent that the College is dissatisfied with the form or
the content of the Union grievances filed on November 18, 2004, the College has the right
and option to deny any or all of those grievances. The Union then has the right to pursue
those grievances up to and including arbitration. If a board of arbitration determines that the
Union had failed to meet its obligations in any or all of those grievances or has failed to
provide necessary "particulars" which make it "impossible for the College to respond to
them". (to use the term set out in the College grievance) then that board may make any
determination that it deems appropriate including dismissing or upholding any or all of the
grievances.
The Union can find no requirement in Article 32 to provide "particulars" acceptable to the
College before the College meets its burden in respect of the application of Article 2.02 as
described fully in the George Brown College decision of Arbitrator P. Knopf.
In any event, with regard to particulars, OPSEU Local 110 has provided the College with
sufficient particulars for the College to respond with at least most of the infonnation
requested by Local 110 and identified by the Knopf Board in its unanimous decision. Ms.
Ballantyne quoted from Arbitrator Knopf's Award the reference I which Knopf sets the bar
for the Union. She writes: "When a grievance isfiledunder Article 2. the Union must show
a primafacie case demonstrating that a vacant position exists and/or that there is adequate
work to iustify the filing of a position " [emphasis added]. There can be no question that the
figures supplied by Local II 0 to the College through Mr. Fordyce satisfY that second of the
alternatives identified by Ms. Knopf.
Local 110 has identified the persons who are partial-load hires and for whom it seeks
information. Locall IO has further identified the number of hours, Division by Division,
which have been assigned to non. full-time employees, By detailing the amount of work
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being assigned to non-full-time employees as contrasted with full-time employees, and the
number of hires of non- time-time employees as contrasted with the number of hires offull~
time employees, the Union has clearly established a prima facie case for the grievances
claiming violations by the employer of Article 2.02 of the Collective Agreement.
Arbitrator Knopf in the George Brown College Award sets out the College's obligations
succinctly at page 41 :
Therefore, those doing the hiring must re<:ognize and respect the
full-time preference and be able to identify and communicate the
operational requirements that were invoked to justify any non~
full~time appointments. Recognizing that no all of these
appointments will challenged by the Union, nevertheless, when
and if the Union raises questions about the appointments, the
College must be in a position to explain, at the Article 7.02 (vi)
meetings the operational requirement and/or rationale that it
invoked when deciding to hire a nonMfull-time person. To this
end the Union is also entitled to request that the College provide a
list of courses taught by non-full-time employees, their course
outlines and the timetables of faculty who taught those coursesn.
The College asserts in its grievance an issue of the use of time and College resources.
Arbitrator Knopf addresses the issue of the use of College resources to meet its burden: ".,..
"While we are sympathetic to the College's concerns about the expenses that could be
incurred to generate the kinds of information the Union wants, those concerns are not
relevant in a determination of the contractual rights and obligations in this Collective
Agreement" p.37
It is difficult to accept that the College's assertion that it is "impossible" to respond to the
grievances filed on November 18, 2004. As Arbitrator Knopf notes, the College has to be
able to provide its rationale for each partial-loan appointment, and be able to provide as well,
lists of the courses taught, timetables, and course outlines. If that is not currently possible, the
College has a contractual duty to make it possible.
While Ms. Ballantyne contended that the College was not suggesting that the Union should
be represent its members, this grievance and its proposed remedy can only be seen as an
effort to thwart the officers of OPSEU Local 11 0 in the pursuance of their responsibilities to
enforce compliance with the Collective Agreement.
At the outset of the Step 2 meeting, I set out that the Union would like to resolve the
grievance and the issues between the parties. In that respect, I offer the following
prescriptive comments.
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If the College is genuinely interested in reducing the number of grievances file~ by Localll 0
regarding the application 'of Article 2.02 and the requirement to give preference to the
designation of full-time positions rather than partial-load, then there is an obvious and
reasonable solution that is in keeping with establishing and maintaining good labour
relations.
The Union grieves when it receives the lists of hires as mandat~d under Article 27.12 of the
Collective Agreement. Withotitthe ra:tiomile to explaIn the operational requirements as set
out in Article 2.02, and without the concomitant information identified by Arbitrator Knopf,
Local 110, in order to exercise its responsibilities, has no option when there are clearly
sufficient hours for a full-time position, except to grieve every hire which is sessional or
partial-load.
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Accordingly, the obvious and eminently sensible solution available to the employer, if, as
noted, the employer has an sincere and forthright desire to foster positive labour relations, is
to provide OPSEU Local II 0 with the requested infonnation regarding aU partial-load (and
perhaps sessional) hires when the 27.l2lists are generated. The Union College Committee,
under Article 7.02(vi) provides the appropriate venue to not only share the information but to
discuss the College' s rationale in hiring each partial-load employee. That, in turn, would
enable the Union to identifY and to set aside those positions where it acknowledges the
validity of a partial-load appointment. Localll 0 officers identified some such appointments
as replacement teachers for faculty on leave, for faculty with reduced teaching loads, for
union release, etcetera. I am sure there would be others.
This approach would certainly reduce the munber of grievances and allow the parties to
respond fully to each other's concerns and positions. The college may choose this or a
similar approach or surely will be faced with continuing arbitrations that will no doubt
confirm the Knopf decision, which will require the College to provide the timetables, course
assignments and course outlines that the Union is requesting, in any event.
For all of the above reasons the grievance is denied.
It is noteworthy that OPSEU negotiators have tabled language in several rounds of contract
negotiations to add the stipulation to article 6 that the functions set out in that Article would
be exercised in a "reasonable" manner and in "good faith". Management negotiators have
consistently refused to agree to that addition claiming that such an inclusion would not assist
the parties in the administration of the Collective Agreement but would lead to grievances. It
is interesting that Fanshawe College bases its grievance against Local 110 and the named
officers on the presumption that such a requirement exists in the administration of the
Agreement. The third of six remedies required by the College is "an order that Local 110,
Paddy Musson, Gary Fordyce and Tom Geldard comply with the obligation to act
reasonably and in good faith in the administration of the collective agreement" [my
emphasis]. The union certainly agrees that the Collective Agreement must be applied in
good faith. Further, the Union is pleased, albeit surprised, to see that Fanshawe College now
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takes the position that the Collective Agreement must be applied in a manner that is
reasonable and fuI1hermore that reasonableness, or a lack thereof, is a standard which can be
grieved.
"Ted Montgomery"
Ted Montgomery, OPSEU
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Evidence
The College's evidence indicated considerable time was required to prepare for the many
grievances filed, and in the College's opinion the grievance arbitration process was being used as a
fishing expedition. The College's evidence also indicates that the Union had not sufficiently availed
itself of other provisions in the collective agreement, particularly with respect to partial load
employees.
The Union's evidence indicated that while there was an increase in the number of students,
there was a decrease in the full time staff and an increase in the non-full.time staff. The Union's
evidence also indicated that there was a report alluding to the problem, but that Fanshawe College
was dismissive of the report. The Union was of the opinion that its efforts to address staffing were
not being met and therefore decided to actively use the grievance procedure to pursue the staffing
issue. Pursuant to Article 2 of the collective agreement, it was the Union's intent to use the
grievance meetings "as constructively as possible to get sufficient information, .." Therefore, the
Union filed "separate grievances as the better chance of getting the information [it] needed", The
Union simply obtained lists of partial load teachers and without more "plugged the individual names
into the individual grievances". The Union's position was based on the generally declining pattern
of full time positions coupled with the increase in enrolment and the increase in non-full-time
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positions; individual names were never raised at the Union College Committee when information
was sought. The Union also asserted that the College was not forthcoming with information. The
Union did not have any specific knowledge with respect to ninety per cent of the individual
grievances filed.
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Ar2.ument
The Colleges submit that the Union is in breach of its duty to administer the collective
agreement in good faith and the filing of 572 identical grievances without any factual basis was
an abuse of the grievance procedure and was frivolous and arbitrary. The College maintains that
general statements about a decline in faculty coupled with an increase in enrolment are of a
generalized nature and without any specific relationship to the situation at Fanshawe College, and
the only purpose in filing the grievances was to get information about the use of partial load
employees. The College also argues that there is no underlying or factual basis demonstrating
that the College was in violation of the collective agreement. The College claims that the intent
of the grievances was to force the College to do all the informational work surrounding each
partial load teacher when that information could properly be provided under Article 7 of the
collective agreement. The College submits the union should first proceed to attempt to obtain
information under Article 7 before filing a grievance. And finally the College argues that the
Union did not put its mind to the underlying facts of the grievances filed and did not avail itself
of the information provisions of the collective agreement and, accordingly, its actions in filing
the multitude of grievances was outrageous and in bad faith. The College seeks a declaration that
the Union is in breach of the collective agreement and a direction that the Union cease such
conduct in the future and file grievances only when the Union is possessed of some factual basis
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to support the grievances.
The Union argues that there is no evidence of bad faith and that the Union's concerns that
there were breaches of Article 2 were well founded based on the decline in faculty coupled with an
increase in enrolment. The Union claims its conduct was reasonable in the circumstances and that its
right to file grievances should not be prematurely narrowed unless there is a gross breach of what is
reasonable. The Union claims that it had a bona fide reason to be concerned and it was entitled to
raise those concerns by filing grievances in the way that it did. The Union maintains one of the
grievances in dispute did proceed and the individual arbitrator allowed the Union both to expand the
grievance and proceed with the matter. Based on that decision, the Union submits that it was not
unreasonable to proceed as it did. The Union maintains in the face of declining staff, and while it did
have some information, there was a lot of missing information and, accordingly, it was appropriate
for the Union seek the additional staffing information through the grievance procedure. The Union
argues, based on the decided cases, that the College has a duty to explain its staffing rationale and
once that is provided, the Union can make a reasoned decision. Further, the Union argues that the
particulars of the grievance are not the obligation of the Union and that the College has an obligation
to provide the details, relying on the award of H. D. Brown in Fanshawe v. OPSEU, (R. Burlaw
Grievance) dated the 17th day of August, 2004. Moreover, the Union submits because the College
has all the information it should not resist providing it to the Union. And finally, the Union argues it
is not in breach of its obligations under the collective agreement and there is no basis for the remedy
requested.
The College replied that there is no context for why there was a decrease in faculty, and the
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grievances do not claim that full time positions were lost, but rather that new positions were created,
and the process used by the Union was an arbitrary use of the grievance procedure to obtain
information. The College claims that prior to the filing of grievances the Union did not raise the
staffing issue, nor did it request information. Also, the College submits that the Union ought to have
proceeded to the Union/College Committee designated Wlder Article 7 to have the College explain
its staffing rationale and that by proceeding to file grievances the Union acted arbitrarily and abused
the grievance procedure. The College now seeks a remedy to prevent such further abuses.
Analvsis
The grievances, based on the Union's evidence, are intended to obtain staffing information
and the Union is not aware of any actual breach of the collective agreement with respect to the
individual grievances. The grievance/arbitration process entitles the parties to file grievances
concerning the interpretation, application, administration or alleged contravention of the provisions
of the agreement. The collective agreement does not permit th~ bringing of grievances for the sole
purpose of obtaining information, or to be utilized as a fact finding process without more. Since,
as the evidence indicates, the Union does not possess any concrete facts whatsoever to support a
finding that there is a possible breach of the collective agreement in each ofthe individual cases,
there is no basis to support individual grievances that the collective agreement has been improperly
interpreted, applied, administered or contravened, which is a requirement of the grievance
procedure. In short, the evidence falls short of supporting a cause of action or a breach of the
collective agreement with respect to the grievances filed; nor is it an answer to the College's
grievance that at some later stage in the proceedings the Union may obtain sufficient information
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pursuant to a production order to enable the Union to pursue each individual case. There must be
some information concerning a breach at the outset to warrant the filing of a grievance. It is not
acceptable to file individual grievances and to require the College to spend the time, effort and
expense to investigate each individual grievance without having some minimal information and a
specific basis for so doing. Because of the complete absence of any specific information or basis
for filing the grievances, we find that the Union's actions in proceeding as it did constitutes a
misuse of the grievance arbitration process.
Further, we find that the carefully reasoned decision of Arbitrator P. Knopf in George
Brown College and OPSEU. (Grievance Re: Article 7.02), December 17, 2004 to be extremely
helpful in deciding the issue at hand. In that case, Arbitrator Knopf defined the issue in dispute as
follows:
"The fundamental dispute between the parties is over the extent and nature of
information that must be provided to the Union under Article 7.02 (vi) with respect
to the use of non-full-time faculty. The Union views access to certain specific
information as critical to its role of ensuring compliance with the staffing provisions
of the Collective Agreement. The Union seeks data and information that it says is
critical to its obligation to protect the "integrity of the bargaining unit". The
importance of this issue has been heightened in the last decade because the number
of full-time positions at the College has dramatically declined. This has occurred
for a variety of reasons including declines in funding from several courses."
The evidence ofthe Union in that case, as in this case, indicated that the Union had previously filed
individual grievances so as to "exercise the documentary disclosure rights under the arbitration
process in order to gain adequate knowledge about whether staffing preferences have been
respected". Also, the Union's evidence requested sufficient information for it to be able to
18
independently analyze "all aspects of the work load 'being performed by non-full-time teachers".
The Union also claimed that it was unable to make informed representations under Article 7.02 (vi)
without the requested data.
The College, in that case, indicated that it was "going beyond the requirements of the
collective agreement to explain staffing decisions to the Union", and outlined some of the
difficulties in providing the information the Union was seeking. The essence of the College's
position was that it provided extensive information, data and opportunities for discussion to the
Union in many forms and forums, and that the College "goes far beyond the requirements of the
collective agreement". The College was also reluctant to gather data and supply it to the Union for
non-full time faculty.
It is sufficient for our purposes to indicate that Arbitrator Knopf's carefully reasoned and
thoughtful award outlines the nature and extent of the information to be supplied to the Union
under Article 7, as well as the shortcomings of an order for production in the arbitration process.
Arbitrator Knopf also stated that the College's duty to explain non~full time appointments arises
prior to litigation under Article 7,02(vi), and that Article 7 .02(ii) meetings can include discussions
about "conditions causing misunderstandings or grievances" and that a "primary purpose for the
discussions is the avoidance of unnecessary grievances". Thus that sister local Union's single
grievance, with substantially the same demonstrated purpose as the Union's evidence in this case
indicates, was utilized to obtain further infonnation from the College without causing the College
the time and expense of preparing for multiple individual grievances.
19
In the Geor~e Brown case, the local Union filed one grievance in order to obtain further
information and data about staffing in contrast to the present matter, whereas this local Union has
filed five hundred and twenty-seven grievances to obtain similar information and data. In order to
deal with all of these grievances, both the College and the Union are required to prepare and go
through a multiple grievance and arbitration process when the same result is capable of being
achieved by a single grievance. The preparation, including the time and expense in order to
investigate and prepare for a multitude of individual grievances when a single grievance is able to
achieve the same result is simply out of proportion to the result sought, and for the Union to put the
College to the time and expense ofinvestigating and preparing for these grievances, when it has no
information whatsoever to support these grievances~ goes beyond what is reasonable collective
agreement administration. The Union is co-author of the collective agreement and has an
obligation, as has the College, to ensure that the grievance arbitration process is reasonably
administered. The filing of so many grievances to obtain the same or similar information that
might be obtained by a single grievance, in our view, is an unreasonable use of the grievance
arbitration process.
:-
Further, as indicated, the collective agreement provides a number of avenues for the Union
to obtain information. The College has an obligation pursuant to Article 2 to give preference to
full-time positions rather than partial load or sessional teaching positions. Thus, it is required to
provide information to the Union with respect to the total body or corpus of teaching which
includes partial load and sessional teaching positions in order to both ensure that it is complying
20
with Article 2 and also to enable the Union to ensure compliance with that Article. Article 7
contemplates an exchange of staffing information and there is no evidence that the Union availed
itself ofthat process prior to filing the multiple grievances, which is a more expensive and costly
process. Having negotiated provisions where information may be exchanged in a less adversarial
:-
way, the parties have an obligation to utilize the negotiated processes before resorting to multiple
and expensive adversarial proceedings as was done in this case. If there is a failure to obtain
information under Article 7 and other related articles. the Union ought to proceed as did its sister
local in the Georf!e Brown ColleJ!e. case by filing a single grievance to obtain the necessary
information under Article 7_ The filing of multiple grievances to secure the same result with the
attendant additional cost and in time and expense is an unreasonable use of the grievance
procedure.
We do note that after these proceedings commenced, the Union filed a grievance alleging
the College was in breach of Article 7.02 (vi) by failing to provide information at the
Union/College Committee (DCC) meetings and that grievance was allowed. In our view that was
the appropriate procedure to follow.
We now turn to the issue of remedy. First, since the various individuals named in the
College's grievance were acting on behalf of the Union and are not parties to the collective
agreement, the grievance as against them is dismissed.
Because, as the Union argued, one of the grievances was permitted by Arbitrator Brown to
21
proceed to arbitration, there is no basis for dismissing all the grievances since it appears the Union
may be successful in pursuing some of the individual matters to arbitration. Moreover, if we were
to dismiss the grievances and the Union were required to re~file those grievances a problem might
arise with respect to time limits which could cause potentially meritorious grievances to be
:---
dismissed on a technical basis. Further, as even the Colleges acknowledge, there may be some
potential merit in some of the grievances. The College, in argument, only seeks a declaration in
this matter and also submits that there may be potential merit in some of the grievances..
Accordingly, we are not prepared to dismiss the grievances. After considering the evidence and
argument and particularly since the Union eventually and appropriately filed a Union grievance
under Article 7, we determine that the grievance is allowed and a decIaration will issue that the
Union's filing of individual grievances was an improper use of the grievance arbitration process.
Dated at Toronto this 24th day ofMarch,.~?9.... Q 1
i" j D J (,-Vl'~
Owen B. Shime, Q.C.
"M. Riddell"
"S. Murray"
"Addendum"
Addendum
To be clear, I concur with the findings ofthe majority regarding the following:
The grievance against the named officials of the Union is dismissed.
The appropriate procedure to deal with the 124 grievances of November 2004 should
have been by application of the Article 7 process; however we decline to dismiss those
grievances.
The union filed an Article 7 grievance against the employer (which was upheld)
subsequent to the refusal by the employer to follow the Knopf award which was issued
prior to the filing of the instant grievance.
I disagree with certain references as to the interpretation of the collective agreement
and review of the evidence. In particular, this Local regularly reviews SWF's and
compares that information to the course loads of non-full time professors (when they
can obtain the information) who are not subject to the entitlements of the work-load
formula and therefore do not have SWF's.
Exhibits 3 and 4 (UCC notes/minutes) clearly show multiple references to "staffing
issues" brought forward by the Local.
Although in argument the employer made specific references to the Union's obligation
to avail itself of the Article 7 procedure it is disingenuous in light of the position taken by
the employer RE: Fanshawe, P. Coocer Picher dated February 2S, 200S, arievance
dated March 2005..
Further, the evidence of the employer acknowledged they declined access to relevant
information to the Union and contrary to the collective agreement; it was "protocol" not
to engage in an Article 7 process once grieved. The employer is jointly responsible for
agenda items at the UCC and should have placed the issue on the agenda instead of
initiating this grievance.
I also note pursuant to the Knopf award; "the decision makers regarding hiring must be
in a position to provide rationale". In this case, none of the decision makers who do the
hiring actually gave evidence.
Given the circumstances, the Local had no other avenue in which to actively pursue the
erosion of the bargaining unit other than the grievance procedure.
All of which is respectfully submitted,
Sherril Murray, Union nominee