HomeMy WebLinkAbout2007-2382.Dakroub.09-07-08 Decision
Commission de
Crown Employees
Grievance Settlement
règlement des griefs
Board
des employés de la
Couronne
Suite 600 Bureau 600
180 Dundas St. West 180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8 Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388 Tél. : (416) 326-1388
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GSB#2007-2382, 2008-1943, 2008-1944, 2008-1945
UNION#2007-0234-0283, 2008-0234-0212, 2008-0234-0213, 2008-0234-0214
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(Dakroub)Union
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services)
Employer
BEFOREVice-Chair
Barry Stephens
FOR THE UNION
Anastasios Zafiriadis & Jennifer Fehr
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
Grievance Officers
FOR THE EMPLOYER
Diane Cotton & Sean Milloy
Ministry of Community Safety and
Correctional Services
Staff Relations Officers
HEARINGOctober 29, 2008.
SUBMISSIONS
January 23, 2009.
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Decision
[1]The parties have agreed to an Expedited Mediation-Arbitration Protocol. It is not
necessary to reproduce the entire Protocol here. Suffice it to say part of the protocol is a
?Mediation-Arbitration? process, wherein each provides the Vice-Chair with submissions, which
include the facts and authorities each relies upon. This decision is issued in accordance with the
Protocol and with Article 22.16 of the collective agreement, and is without prejudice or
precedent.
[2]Mr. Dakroub has been a CO2 at Maplehurst Corrections Complex since August 1995. Mr.
Dakroub suffers from a sleep disorder that prevents him from sleeping well, rendering him unfit
to come to work at times. As a result of his condition his schedule has been accommodated so
that he works only day shifts.
[3]The grievor challenged the application of the standard 11.5-day threshold for absences
administered under the employer?s Attendance Support Policy (ASP). In a decision dated
February 24, 2006, I ordered that the grievor undergo an Independent Medical Examination
(IME) to resolve the issue as to whether the grievor?s condition supported an attendance
threshold different from those of other employees.
[4]In posing questions to the IME Specialist, Dr. Hamer, about Mr. Dakroub?s medical
condition, the employer also asked questions concerning Mr. Dakroub?s ability to complete
overtime shifts. In the IME, completed by Dr. Hamer on April 24, 2006, the doctor
recommended against the grievor working overtime until he could achieve regular attendance.
The employer did not initially implement this recommendation. However, the grievor?s overtime
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privileges were revoked approximately one year later, as of April 23, 2007. A grievance was
filed at that time, and an interim agreement was reached that the parties would request a follow-
up IME report. In this second report, dated February 25, 2008, the doctor indicated that the
grievor?s absenteeism was ?behavioural?. As a result of this second report, the grievor?s
overtime privileges were restored on March 12, 2008.
[5]The union alleges that the decision to revoke the grievor?s overtime privileges was an
unreasonable exercise of management rights, in that the employer did not have the authority to
pose any questions to the IME doctor about the grievor?s ability to perform overtime, and,
further, that the decision was discriminatory, disciplinary and violated the purposes of the ASP.
Were the Overtime Questions Appropriate?
[6]The union argues that the employer?s decision was improper since the questions asked of
the IME doctor were improper. The union asserts that the purpose of the IME report ordered in
my earlier decision was solely to determine an appropriate attendance threshold for the grievor
under the ASP. In this context, the union reasons, there was no authority for the employer to
pose the questions about the grievor?s ability to work overtime.
[7]The employer takes the position that the questions posed of the IME doctor arose
appropriately from the assessment and the purposes set out in my original order.
[8]In my view, it was not improper for the employer to ask about the grievor?s ability to work
overtime. The grievor?s attendance had been affected by tiredness attributable to a sleep
disorder. Although he was unable to achieve attendance standards for his regularly scheduled
shifts, he continued to work significant amounts of overtime. One might reasonably ask, given
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these facts, whether the grievor?s ability to achieve attendance norms was impacted by working
overtime. The doctor was free to provide any opinion, and could have responded that the
overtime work was irrelevant. The employer?s questions were aimed at clarifying this aspect of
the impact of the grievor?s condition on his attendance, and I find the questions to be reasonable
and consistent with the intent of my previous order.
Did the Employer Seek a Full Release?
[9]The employer asked the IME doctor whether there was ?any other information? it should
assess in considering the grievor?s accommodation request. The union asserts this question was
comparable to a request for a full release of medical information. The union submits that it is
improper for an employer to seek medical information not directly related to an employee?s
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ability to attend work, relying on the decisions in City of Windsor, (1995), 51 L.A.C. (4) 61
(Brent) and Canada Post (1993), 30 C.L.A.S. 419 (Devlin).
[10]The employer argues that the impugned question was within the terms of the order, and
was aimed at gathering relevant medical information.
[11]In my view, the question seeking ?any other information? was proper. It was not an open-
ended request for a full release, as was the case in Re Windsor. It was, rather, a question focused
on the issue at hand, i.e. the grievor?s request for accommodation with respect to his attendance
targets. The employer was entitled to ask for and receive information relevant to the grievor?s
accommodation request and, in doing so, was not constrained from asking general as well as
more specific questions. There is nothing in the question, in my view, that would have led the
IME doctor to release inappropriate information, nor did the doctor do so.
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Was the Employer?s Decision Discriminatory?
[12]The union asserts that the employer?s decision to ban the grievor from working overtime
was discriminatory.
[13]The union points out that the employer?s overtime protocol specifically states that
employees on accommodation who ?indicate availability? will be treated the same as other
employees in the distribution of overtime. The union submits this provision is consistent with
the collective agreement requirement for ?fair and equitable? distribution of overtime, as well as
the protections of the Ontario Human Rights Code. It is improper, the union argues, for the
grievor to be denied overtime opportunities as a result of the fact that he requested
accommodation.
[14]The employer responds that the decision to remove the grievor from overtime was
consistent with Dr. Hamer?s recommendations, and cannot be considered discriminatory. The
employer asserts that, on the contrary, it would have been discriminatory and a violation of the
grievor?s rights under the Human Rights Code, had the employer required the grievor to work
overtime.
[15]In my view, the decision to suspend the grievor?s right to work overtime was not
discriminatory. Although the grievor indicated availability to work overtime, the employer had a
medical report that recommended the grievor not work overtime until he was capable of
demonstrating regular attendance with respect to his regular shifts. It is not discrimination for
the employer to follow the recommendation of the doctor who assessed the grievor.
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Was the Employer?s Decision Discipline?
[16]The union also relies on what it asserts is an inconsistency in the employer?s application of
the doctor?s advice. On the one hand, the doctor indicated ??overtime should only be
considered if and when [the grievor] is handling his assigned shifts with little absenteeism.?
However, he also stated there was no ?medical reason? why the grievor could not work overtime.
The union argues the employer chose to rely entirely on one statement and ignore the other, and
that this was an indication that the overtime ban was intended as discipline. At very least, the
union asserts, the employer was required to seek a clarification from the doctor.
[17]Essentially, I must decide whether it was reasonable for the employer to rely on the IME
report in reaching the decision to withhold the grievor?s overtime privileges or whether, as the
union suggests, the report was at least ambiguous and required further explanation. The answer
to this question requires an analysis of the report.
[18]The doctor made several comments in the report pertinent to the overtime issue. He
characterizes the grievor?s primary condition as a ?controlled? sleep disorder. At the same time,
he identified the fact that the grievor appeared to be affected by stress arising from the
workplace. Dr. Hamer also noted the apparent conflict between the fact that the grievor was
reporting stress related to the workplace, yet was working overtime shifts, stating:
?It seems odd the he states he experiences stress necessitating 36 sick days but is able to work 86
extra shifts in the 2005 calendar period.?
[19]Significantly, the doctor sets out three recommendations in the report, one of which
squarely and unambiguously addresses the overtime issue:
?It is prudent to suggest that this man may need counseling for the stress he relates to the work
environment. Until that level of stress is lessened, overtime work is counterproductive to allowing
him to succeed as achieving full attendance.?
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[20]Thus, the doctor related a health concern, the grievor?s reported workplace stress, to his
attendance, and stated that overtime would be counterproductive to lessening stress and
achieving reasonable attendance.
[21]The union places emphasis on the doctor?s statement that there is no ?medical? reason why
the grievor could not work overtime. However the entire statement should be read in context.
The full quote reads as follows:
?There is no medical reason why Mr. Dakroub must avoid overtime. However, with excessive
time off due to stress related events it may be unwise for overtime to be sought. If this man is in
need of time to relax and time to unwind from his daytime shift and the pressures that arise from
his shift, then overtime would be definitely unwise. It seems that, the more a worker works, the
more stressed s/he would become, and therefore would need sick days for stress relief.?
[22]This analysis, rather than suggesting a contradiction in the doctor?s report, explains more
clearly the doctor?s thoughts about the grievor?s stress, the potential deleterious effect of
overtime, and the resultant potential impact on the grievor?s attendance.
[23]The report ends with another clear statement of the doctor?s recommendation with respect
to overtime:
?As mentioned, [the grievor] should be allowed to work throughout the day, giving him enough
time to get home and unwind, to go to sleep before midnight. Overtime should only be considered
if an[d] when he is handling his assigned shifts well with little absenteeism.?
[24]Given this review, I do not agree with the union that the report was unclear or ambiguous.
It appears to me to be quite clear. The grievor?s sleep disorder is controlled and he should be
capable of regular attendance. In other words, his known medical condition did not prevent him
from working overtime. However, the grievor reported to the doctor that he was experiencing
stress in the workplace, and, the doctor concluded, such stress would interfere with the grievor?s
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ability to recoup and refresh at the end of a workday. In such circumstances, the doctor advised
that overtime would be ?counterproductive?. The doctor recommended that the grievor receive
counselling to help alleviate the stress. In the interim, the doctor added, the grievor should not
work overtime. The doctor?s recommendation appears to me to be reasonable, logical and
consistent, and I have no hesitation in concluding that, at the time the decision was made to
suspend the grievor?s overtime privileges, the best medical opinion available to the employer
clearly recommended the grievor should not work overtime.
[25]I note that, in spite of the doctor?s recommendation, the employer did not move
immediately to implement the overtime ban, which tends to undermine the suggestion that the
decision was disciplinary in nature. The employer, it appears, would have been content had the
grievor?s stress permitted him to both achieve attendance goals and work regular overtime.
However, in the months following the IME report, the grievor?s attendance continued to exceed
target levels. On reviewing the situation in April 2007, the employer noted that in the previous
six months the grievor had worked a total of 46 overtime shifts (an average of almost two
overtime shifts per week), even though his attendance had not improved. It was at this point that
the employer moved to implement the doctor?s recommendation with respect to overtime.
[26]In my view, the employer?s actions were appropriate. Although it might have been more
prudent to impose the overtime immediately in April 2006, the employer extended to the grievor
the chance to deal with the attendance issues while continuing to work overtime. Unfortunately,
the grievor could not respond to this opportunity, and his attendance continued to languish. It
was only after a full year of continued attendance issues that the employer decided to implement
the doctor?s recommendation and to suspend the grievor?s access to overtime. At the time of the
decision, the employer acted on the best medical evidence it had available. In my view, that was
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not only appropriate, given the grievor?s continued attendance problems it appeared to be the
only logical step that could be taken. In the second IME report, issued in February 2008, the
doctor determined that the grievor?s failure to achieve attendance goals was behavioural, which
is clearly a disciplinary concern, and at that point the employer ended the overtime ban. In other
words, when the medical opinion changed, the employer ended the ban. This is another strong
indication that the ban was not intended as a disciplinary response but was based on the medical
information.
[27]I do not consider it relevant that the medical opinion changed in early 2008. The opinion
with respect to the behavioural issues was not available to the employer at the time of the
decision to remove overtime privileges. The medical opinion available at the time of the
decision was Dr. Hamer?s original report. It is my view that the employer?s actions were
founded upon and consistent with the original report. As a result, I do not accept the union?s
submission that the facts support a conclusion that the employer?s response was disciplinary.
[28]Given of all of the above, and after careful consideration of the submissions of the parties,
the grievances are dismissed.
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Dated at Toronto this 8 day of July 2009.
Barry Stephens, Vice-Chair