HomeMy WebLinkAbout2018-2815.Simpson.21-07-27 Decision
Crown Employees Grievance Settlement
Board
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180 Dundas St. West
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388
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Commission de
règlement des griefs
des employés de la
Couronne
Bureau 600
180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tél. : (416) 326-1388
Téléc. : (416) 326-1396
GSB#2018-2815; 2019-2336; 2020-0857
UNION#18-311; 19-191; 20-14
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Canadian Union of Public Employees - Local 1750
(Simpson) Union
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Workplace Safety and Insurance Board) Employer
BEFORE Randi H. Abramsky Arbitrator
FOR THE UNION Jason DeFraga
Canadian Union of Public Employees
CUPE National Representative
FOR THE EMPLOYER Brandin O'Connor
Shields O’Donnell MacKillop LLP
Counsel
HEARING October 16, 2020 and May 20, 2021
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Decision
[1] At issue is whether the parties entered into a binding settlement of the three
grievances filed by the Grievor, Chan Simpson, at the mediation held via
teleconference on October 16, 2020. It is the position of both the Employer and the
Union that a settlement agreement does exist, but the Grievor disagrees.
[2] The parties proceeded through an Agreed Statement of Facts, and documents,
which was supplemented by a statement provided by Ms. Simpson at the hearing
on May 20, 2021.
[3] The Agreed Statement of Facts is as follows:
1. The Employer and Union are parties to the Collective Agreement for
all bargaining unit employees. (TAB 1) The Grievor is a former
employee of the Employer.
2. The Grievor was given a one-day suspension letter on August 21,
2018. (TAB 2)
3. The Union filed grievance 18-311 regarding this discipline on August
27, 2018. (TAB 3)
4. The Grievor was given a three-day suspension letter on
September 17, 2019. (TAB 4)
5. The Union filed grievance 19-191 regarding this discipline on
September 24, 2019. (TAB 5)
6. The Grievor was given a five-day suspension letter on February
13, 2020. (TAB 6)
7. The Union filed grievance 20-14 regarding this discipline on February
21, 2020. (TAB 7)
8. The Grievor retired from the Employer on or about April 1, 2020.
9. The Parties agreed to refer all three (3) grievances jointly to the
Grievance Settlement Board. (TAB 8)
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10. The grievances were submitted to Vice-Chair Abramsky on October
16th, 2020.
11. The Parties and the Grievor began the day engaged in mediation,
which resulted in a mediated settlement at approximately 2:20 on
October 16th, 2020. The Parties adjourned shortly thereafter.
Confidential Minutes of Settlement and a Release appear at TAB 9.
12. The Union and Employer signed the confidential Minutes of Settlement
on October 16th, 2020 at 2:57 pm and 3:27 pm, respectively. (TAB
10).
13. The Parties – both Employer and Union – take the position that an
enforceable settlement has been reached as between them.
Further, the Grievor verbally agreed to the terms of the settlement,
including the Release, in the presence of the Union. The Employer
is without direct knowledge of the Grievor’s verbal agreement, but
proceeded on the understanding that the Grievor did agree and the
Employer does not assert otherwise.
14. At 3:39pm on October the 16th, after verbally agreeing to the
proposed settlement during mediation and after the Parties had
adjourned for the day, the Grievor informed the Union that she was
“not sure [she] will be signing them today” as she was “still looking
into [them]”.(TAB 11).
15. On March 12th, 2020 the Union received a letter from the Grievor
claiming she is “not in agreeance” with the settlement and that she
would like the “three grievances returned to the Grievance
Settlement Board…”. (TAB 12) The Parties do not agree that the
statements made in the letter are true and it is referenced only as
evidence of the Grievor’s position.
16. The Union confirmed with the Employer its view that settlement
had been reached and the Employer agreed. The Employer
complied with the terms of the confidential Minutes of Settlement.
(Tab 13)
[4] At the hearing on May 20, 2021, the Grievor acknowledged that she “begrudgingly
agreed” to the terms of the settlement but feels that she did so under pressure. She
stated that she felt very stressed and anxious, particularly because she had never
participated in a videoconference hearing before, or a virtual meeting, and was
unfamiliar with it. She was also stressed because her Local Union representative –
who knew her situation and her case - was not present with her during the mediation.
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She stated that she felt pressured and compelled to agree since she “wanted the
stress to end.” She stated that she had no opportunity to read the draft agreement
alone and in private – instead, it was read to her. In her view, the terms of the
settlement were insufficient and while she did want the process to be over, she did
not want to allow the Employer to “get away” with its treatment of her, which she
feels the settlement permits.
Reasons for Decision
[5] The issue is whether the parties reached a binding settlement on October 16, 2020,
at the videoconference mediation. For the reasons that follow, I am persuaded that
they did, and that Ms. Simpson agreed to the terms at the time.
[6] As the Agreed Statement of Facts indicate, the three grievances submitted to
arbitration were mediated on October 16, 2020, and the parties came to an
agreement on all of the terms. At the time, the Grievor consented to the terms, albeit
“begrudgingly.” The Employer then created a Memorandum of Settlement, based
on those terms, which both the Union and the Employer signed on October 16, 2020.
Due to the remote nature of the hearing, it was not possible for the Grievor to sign
the document at that time, but there was no question that a settlement had been
reached. Subsequently, after the mediation was adjourned, the Grievor advised the
Union that she was “not sure [she] will be signing them today” as she was “still
looking into [them].” On October 26, 2020, the Union wrote to the Employer, stating
as follows:
Chan has indicated that she does not wish to sign the MOS, but given that
the local has carriage over the grievance, it was agreed to by her on that date
and we feel it is fully executed with or without her signature. If the employer
is not wanting to proceed with the settlement without the signature please let
[us] know.
[7] The Employer responded the same day:
“The employer agrees to process the MOS as signed by the parties.”
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[8] On November 12, 2020, the Employer sent a cheque to the Grievor in the amount
agreed to in the settlement, which she did not cash. On March 12, 2021, the Grievor
sent the Employer’s cheque to the Union, stating that it was “issued to me in error
by the employer”, and informed the Union that she was not in agreement with the
settlement for a variety of reasons.
[9] While the Grievor acknowledges that she reluctantly agreed to the terms of the
settlement, she felt “pressured” and “compelled” to agree due to the stress of the
situation, and her unfamiliarity with videoconferencing. She notes that she did not
have an opportunity to review the written document alone, so as to consider its
terms. The Union, in its submissions, stated that it was not apparent to the Union,
during the mediation, that the Grievor felt this way. It reviewed the terms of the
Memorandum of Settlement with her, several times, and she “begrudgingly
accepted.”
[10] This is a very unfortunate situation. The Grievor is clearly unhappy with the terms
of the settlement. The case law is clear, however, that the perceived fairness or
reasonableness of the terms of a settlement reached by the parties is not a basis to
overturn a settlement. In Re OPSEU (Corbiere) and Ministry of Community & Social
Services, GSB No. 2011-3255, a settlement that provided the grievor with a ten-
month employment contract, became useless to the grievor when he was unable to
obtain a leave of absence for that period from his current employer. That fact
became known after the agreement was reached, but before the agreement was
signed by the union. The grievor’s unhappiness with the terms due to his inability to
obtain a leave of absence, however, was not a basis to allow the union to resile from
the agreement. The union could have, but did not, make the grievor’s obtaining a
leave of absence, a condition of its agreement. As Arbitrator Dissanayake states at
par. 12:
There is no legal basis to deny the employer its right to enforce the
terms of a settlement on the basis of reasonableness or fairness of the
consequences or the terms of settlement reached between the parties,
just as much as the Board lacks the authority to relieve a party from
obligations under a term of the collective agreement on the basis of
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what it views to be unreasonable or fair. That would run directly
counter to the long recognized principle that the efficacy of settlements
is a foundational and necessary part of the grievance and arbitration
process under collective agreements, and must be upheld.
[11] In this case, it was only because the mediation took place by videoconferencing that
the Minutes of Settlement were not signed by the Grievor on October 16, 2020. Had
we been in an in-person mediation, there would have been no opportunity for the
Grievor to have had a change of heart, as appears to have occurred in this case.
[12] I have no doubt that the Grievor was stressed during the mediation. That is not
uncommon. Many grievors find the mediation and arbitration process to be stressful.
Indeed, to avoid the stress of a hearing is one reason many grievors settle. But she
did not voice any concerns about the videoconferencing format, or appear to have
any difficulties with it. She did not voice that she felt undue pressure to agree to the
terms of the settlement. She did not voice that she wanted time to review the written
document, alone. That she was unhappy with it, and the Employer in general, was
clear. But she did, reluctantly, agree to it. Again, that is not uncommon.
[13] The case law is also clear that a binding settlement may occur, without a signed,
written agreement. As stated in an earlier decision between the parties, Re CUPE
and WSIB, GSB No. 2012-0173 (R. Brown, 2015) at para. 16:
Where a complete oral agreement has been reached on all issues in dispute,
there is an enforceable settlement, notwithstanding either party’s refusal to
execute a written agreement embodying the agreed terms.
[14] In that case, the Board held at para. 18:
All that remained by mid-afternoon on the last day of mediation was to reduce
the agreement to writing and sign the resulting document. Even though this
process was not completed, there is a binding settlement. Neither party is at
liberty to repudiate it because of second thoughts occurring after an oral
agreement had been reached. Both sides must abide by the terms of the deal
they negotiated.
[15] A similar situation occurred in Re Oakville Association for the Mentally Retarded and
OPSEU, 1993 CarswellOnt 6594 (Samuels). In that case, the employer and the
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union representative reached an oral agreement, which the grievor approved. When
the release was sent to the grievor, however, she refused to sign it, telling the union
that “she no longer wanted to settle for various reasons.” The arbitrator held that
the union “had the authority to bind the union and the grievor” and that the grievor
had “agreed to the settlement.” Accordingly, the Board determined, at para. 13: “We
find that the parties came to a final binding contract to settle their differences in this
matter….”
[16] The same conclusion applies here. The Union and Employer reached a settlement
in this matter, and the Grievor reluctantly agreed to it.
Conclusion:
[17] For all the reasons stated above, I conclude that the settlement agreement
reached on October 16, 2020 is effective and binding on the parties.
Dated at Toronto, Ontario this 27th day of July 2021.
“Randi H. Abramsky”
______________________
Randi H. Abramsky, Arbitrator