HomeMy WebLinkAbout2009-0167.Union.10-06-04 Decision
Commission de
Crown Employees
Grievance
règlement des griefs
Settlement Board
des employés de la
Couronne
Suite 600 Bureau 600
180 Dundas St. West 180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8 Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388 Tél. : (416) 326-1388
Fax (416) 326-1396 Téléc. : (416) 326-1396
GSB#2009-0167, 2009-0810
UNION#2009-0999-0011, 2009-0999-0012
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(Union)
Union
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services/
Ministry of Children and Youth Services) Employer
BEFOREVice-Chair
Daniel A. Harris
FOR THE UNION
Andrew Lokan
Paliare Roland Rosenberg Rothstein LLP
Counsel
FOR THE EMPLOYER
Ferina Murji
Ministry of Government Services
Counsel
HEARING
November 4, 2009, March 29, 2010,
May 4, 2010.
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Decision
[1]This decision deals with a preliminary issue raised by the Employer that these two
grievances cannot be heard because they are beyond the jurisdiction of the Board. The heart of
the matter is found in a letter delivered by the Employer to the Union, which is as follows:
February 28, 2009
Warren (Smokey) Thomas
100 Lesmill Road
North York, Ontario
M3B 3P8
Dear Warren (Smokey) Thomas:
I am writing to advise you that upon the ratification of the Correctional Bargaining Unit
collective agreement and until further notice, the Employer will no longer be agreeing to
st
extend the March 31 date for pay out of any substitute days which were accumulated
under Articles COR13.2 and COR13.5 as per Article COR13.7. Further, the Employer
will no longer be agreeing to allow employees to receive compensating leave in lieu of
pay, in accordance with Article COR8.8 and COR16.4. Compensating leave
accumulated in the 2008 calendar year, which has not been used before March 31, 2009,
will be paid out as per Article COR8.6 and COR16.5. Any compensating leave
accumulated between January 1, 2009 and the date of ratification will be paid out
concurrently with the compensating leave accumulated in the 2008 calendar year.
Sincerely,
David Logan
Assistant Deputy Minister
Employee Relations Division, HROntario
Ministry of Government Services
cc.Steve Small, Assistant Deputy Minister, MCSCS
Gilbert Tayles, Assistant Deputy Minister, MCYS
[2]As is evident from the letter, the Employer advised the Union that it would no longer
agree to allow employees to take compensating time off (hereafter ?CTO?) for overtime worked.
The collective agreement provisions referred to are as follows:
ARTICLE COR8 ? OVERTIME ?
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COR8.5 Where there is mutual agreement, employees may receive compensating
leave in lieu of pay at the overtime rate or may receive pay at the overtime
rate in lieu of compensating leave.
PART B ? REGULAR PART-TIME EMPLOYEES
COR16.4 Where there is mutual agreement, employees may receive compensating
leave in lieu of pay at the overtime rate or may receive pay at the overtime
rate in lieu of compensating leave.
[3]The matter was first scheduled to be heard on November 4 and 5, 2009. Seemingly, the
Employer made a demand for particulars prior to those dates that went unanswered.
Accordingly, on the first day of hearing the Employer renewed its demand for particulars,
submitting it was ?vexed? at the Union?s failure to provide them earlier. It was agreed that the
Union would make an opening statement that would stand as its particulars of the alleged breach
of the collective agreement. In the course of making its opening statement, the Union referred to
a number of local agreements between the parties governing CTO. The Employer took the
position that it needed time to review those agreements. Although the Union expressed surprise
that the letter set out above was sent without knowledge of the local agreements, in the result, the
remainder of November 4 and November 5, 2009 were adjourned. Five days were then
scheduled for the hearing of these matters.
[4]On the next hearing day, March 29, 2010, the Employer raised its preliminary issue
regarding the Board?s jurisdiction.It reiterated that on the first day it had raised ?quite an issue?
that the Union had not provided particulars, and it confirmed the agreement that the Union?s
particulars were to be found in its opening statement. Accordingly, the basis of the Employer?s
objection to the Board having jurisdiction is to be found in the Union?s opening statement. I turn
now to the Union?s particularization of its case.
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The Union?s Particulars
[5]The Union said that the grievances arise from the Employer?s decision to abolish CTO. It
said that CTO is a feature of the collective agreement found in articles COR8.5 and 16.4. It said
that the grievances also raise article 16.1, which reads as follows:
16.1It is agreed that all ministries may enter into local and ministry employee relations
negotiations such that are appropriate as not being excluded by the provisions of
theCrown Employees Collective Bargaining Act, 1993. Such negotiations shall
not be subject to the mediation and arbitration procedures under the Act, provided
however, that nothing shall preclude a grievance alleging a violation of the
Central Collective Agreement, as provided in the said Act.
[6]The Union said that CTO had been a feature of local agreements and practices for over
twenty years and it was at the local level that the codification of the circumstances of taking
CTO has occurred. It was during the course of negotiating the current collective agreement that
the February 28, 2009 letter set out above was sent. Shortly after that letter the following
memorandum, dated March 18, 2009, was sent:
MEMORANDUM
TO: Superintendents
Brian O?Rourke, Offender Transportation Operations
FROM: Lori Potter
Director
Management and Operational Support Branch
DATE: March 18, 2009
UPDATE: ACCRUAL OF COMPENSATING LEAVE BY
SUBJECT:
EMPLOYEES IN THE CORRECTIONAL BARGAINING UNIT
During the recent OPSEU collective agreement negotiations with the Correctional
Bargaining Unit, the employer provided notice that employees will no longer be able to
receive compensating leave in lieu of pay for overtime.
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As a result, you are now advised that all hours of compensating leave banked by
employees in the correctional bargaining unit, during the 2008 calendar year and all
compensating leave banked from January 1, 2009 up to March 31, 2009 will be paid out
concurrently at the rate it was earned.
Approvals for the use of compensating leave that were given prior to the date of this
memo will be honoured as the only exception.
Your assistance in the implementation of this direction is appreciated and should you
have any questions about this change, please contact your Human Resources Advisor.
Yours truly,
Lori Potter
[7]A further clarification was sent in a memorandum dated October 20, 2009:
MEMORANDUM TO: Donna Keating, Superintendent
Vanier Centre for Women
Brian O?Rourke, Manager
Transportation & Communication Services
Jenny Cece, Manager
Offender Transfer Operations
FROM: Lori Potter, Director
Management and Operational Support Branch
DATE: October 20, 2009
Overtime Provisions for Employees in Schedule 4
SUBJECT:
It has come to my attention that there is a need to clarify the overtime provision of the
Collective Agreement for those employees in Schedule 4. Specifically, in accordance
with OPSEU Collective Agreement Article COR8.4, Provincial Bailiffs and Hairdresser
Instructors as Schedule 4 employees are entitled to compensating time off for working
overtime.
Article COR8.5 allows the parties to elect overtime pay in lieu of compensating leave.
The Employer is in agreement to provide pay in lieu for those employees who so choose.
Please share this information with your affected employees. If you have any questions,
please speak to your manager and they can provide you with clarification.
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Thank-you.
Lori Potter
c.c. S. Small, Assistant Deputy Minister, Adult Institutional Services
M. Conry, Regional Director, Central Region AIS
M. Welch, Management Co-chair, Ministry Employee Relations Committee
E. Almeida, Employee Co-chair, Ministry Employee Relations Committee
[8]Article COR8.4 referred to in the October 20, 2009 memorandum reads as follows:
COR.4 Employees in Schedules 3 and 4 who perform authorized work in excess
of seven and one-quarter (7 ¼) hours or eight (8) hours as applicable, shall
receive compensating leave of one and one-half (1 ½) hours for each hour
of overtime worked, at a time mutually agreed upon. Failing agreement,
the ministry shall reasonably determine the time of the compensating
leave.
[9]The Union said that the letters and memoranda were not negotiated; they were unilateral
directives amounting to rigid Employer rules with no exceptions. The Union said that they fly in
the face of numerous local agreements. It provided copies of documentation of such agreements
at the Toronto West Detention Centre, the Central North Detention Centre, the Central East
Detention Centre, the Mimico Correctional Centre, the Elgin-Middlesex Detention Centre and
the Hamilton-Wentworth Detention Centre.
[10]The Union said that on February 15, 2000 a grievance at Toronto West was settled on the
basis that the past practice regarding CTO would continue. Two subsequent CTO agreements
were negotiated at Toronto West. In March 2006 the agreement included a cap of 120 hours, as
per past practice, CTO could not be taken in prime vacation time and the agreement was to be
reviewed in 90 days. The April 2008 agreement included, inter alia, no cap; restrictions on who
may approve the request, 30 days lead time and no time limitation.
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[11]The Central North agreement included 90 days notice of any desire by either party to
change the agreement.
[12]The Elgin-Middlesex agreement is a detailed code for CTO, which did not have a cap and
was entered into on a one-year trial basis. The parties continued to adhere to the agreement after
the expiry of the year.
[13]The agreement at Hamilton-Wentworth also was entered into on a one-year trial basis.
The parties also continued to adhere to it there after the year expired.
[14]In the cases of Central East and Mimico, the Union relied on the minutes of Local
Employee Relations Committee meetings to demonstrate the evolution of the CTO agreements at
those institutions.
[15]The Union said it had surveyed the remaining institutions. Of those institutions
contacted, all but Roy McMurtry had an established CTO practice. Roy McMurtry opened after
the February 28, 2009 letter set out above. The Union identified the Toronto East Detention
Centre and the Quinte Detention Centre as institutions that had written agreements. It could not
locate copies of those agreements and asked the Employer for production of those documents.
[16]The Union said that all of these local agreements cannot be swept away with a unilateral
letter. Such a fundamental change must be negotiated. The Employer is treating the local
agreements with contempt by its unilateral action.
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[17]The Union said that a blanket denial of CTO makes no sense. CTO plays an important
role in allowing employees to manage their stressful jobs by permitting time off from the
difficult environment in which they work. CTO is important to obtaining a work/life balance by
permitting employees to deal with doctor?s appointments, childcare, eldercare, parent/teacher
interviews, especially for junior employees. CTO is a limited form of flex time that has been in
the workplace for many years. The Union said that the grievances raise health and safety issues.
[18]The Union said the Employer?s unilateral act is invalid for four reasons:
1)It is contrary to COR8.5 and COR16.4 to announce in advance that there will
never be mutual agreement. To do so reads those articles out of the collective
agreement without seeking to amend the collective agreement;
2)It undermines and is contrary to the whole system of local bargaining in article
16, which is reflected in many years of practice;
3)It contravenes specific settlements and local agreements;
4)It is not a reasonable and valid exercise of management rights since it admits of
no discretion. There is no conceivable purpose for the Employer to say it will no
longer agree to CTO. It would be open to the Employer to codify rules, but it is
not open to the Employer to do away with CTO.
[19]By way of remedy, the Union asks for a declaration that the unilateral abolition of CTO
contravenes the collective agreement. In the alternative, the Union asks for a declaration that the
abolition of CTO contravenes local settlements and agreements in place.
[20]By way of redress, the Union asked that each affected employee be given 40 hours in
their CTO bank because, to date, no CTO had been permitted.
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The Submissions of the Employer on Jurisdiction
[21]The Employer submitted that the default arrangement of the collective agreement is to
pay money for eligible overtime worked. It referred to article COR8.3.1:
8.3.1Employees in Schedules 3.7 and 4.7 who perform authorized work in excess of
seven and one-quarter (7 ¼) hours or eight (8) hours as applicable, shall be paid at
the overtime rate.
[22]COR8.5 provides the option of CTO where the parties mutually agree. It is a permissive
clause and neither party is required to agree. Accordingly, schedule 3.7 and 4.7 employees are
entitled to overtime pay and may get CTO if there is mutual agreement. The Employer
submitted that it is not obliged to agree. On that basis, there is no tangible right in article 8.5 and
nothing for the Board to enforce. Accordingly, the Board has no jurisdiction to review the
Employer?s decision to agree or not. There is no jurisdiction for the Board to enforce a provision
that does not impose a positive obligation on the Employer.
[23]As to the first of the four positions summarized in the Union?s particulars, the Employer
said that the Union overstates the content of the letter of February 28, 2009. The letter does not
say there will never be agreement, only that any current agreements are withdrawn. In either
event, the Board has no jurisdiction.
[24]As to the second position advanced by the Union, that the central decision undermines
local agreements, the Employer said that the Union is seeking to put in place a process for
withdrawing agreement to CTO. It submitted that the plain language of the articles do not
require any such process. There is no obligation to engage in discussions. If either party does
not want to agree, they cannot be made to agree.
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[25]The Employer said that the question of agreement or non-agreement is not arbitrable; the
Board has no jurisdiction. It said that local agreements are tools to implement agreement on
CTO but they are not the agreement itself. The Union is attempting to use these practical, local
agreements to require negotiations to withdraw from them at the local level. The Employer said
that the Union?s submission that the letter undermines the system of local bargaining may not be
a contravention of the collective agreement and there is no specific allegation of how the local
agreements were undermined. The Employer submitted that the Union?s claim was said to be
contradictory in that on the one hand it says that the parties must negotiate locally to end CTO
agreements while on the other hand it says the Employer must bargain centrally, and pay a
central price, to negate the clause. However, there is no price to pay because without mutual
agreement on CTO, the overtime rate is paid. If the Union was of the view that the Employer?s
notice affected collective agreement rights, it could have, and should have, dealt with it in
negotiations. There is no obligation on the Employer to agree ? there is nothing that makes the
Union?s complaint arbitrable. There is no requirement that there be mutual agreement to
withdraw the practice of CTO. Either party may simply elect to do so.
[26]As to the Union?s third point that the Employer?s actions contravene specific settlements
and local agreements, the Employer submitted that its submissions regarding point number two
are applicable. Further, there is no specific language in any of the local agreements purportedly
contravened. The Employer submitted that the local agreements are mechanical tools for
implementing agreement and nothing requires the Employer to provide local notice to abandon
the practice.
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[27]As to the Union?s fourth point that the blanket denial of CTO was not a reasonable and
valid exercise of management rights because it admits of no discretion, the Employer said that
there was opportunity at the bargaining table to address the issue, but there was no change to the
language of article 8.5. Accordingly, the default provision of pay for overtime is operative. The
Employer said it is not up to the Board to create new collective agreement language.
[28]As to the Union?s assertion in its particulars that there is no conceivable purpose to this
decision, the Employer said cost was an issue, and, in any event, it did not need a reason to
exercise its choice and the board is not entitled to review the Employer?s decision. The
Employer is not required to explain its decision.
[29]The Employer said that the Union was not relying on specific provisions of the collective
agreement to give the Board jurisdiction. It said that articles COR8.5 and COR16.4 are
permissive, creating no obligation on either party. For the Board to have jurisdiction to review
management actions there must be a connection to a substantive provision of the collective
agreement and neither article conveys substantive rights. The Union has raised claims that
articles 3.1 and 9.1 are involved, but the Employer said that no particulars have been provided of
those purported breaches.
[30]The Employer relied on the following authorities:
OPSEU (Glenny) and Ministry of Government Services, GSB# 1983-317 (Roberts); OPSEU
(Ropars) and Ministry of Government Services, GSB# 1984-400 (Jolliffe); OPSEU (Algerson et
al.) and Ministry of Government Services, GSB# 1987-1942 (Watters); OPSEU (Emmett et al.)
and Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care, GSB# 2001-0147 (Johnston); OPSEU (Sutherland)
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and Ministry of Labour, GSB# 2006-0519 (Dissanayake); OPSEU (Heike Geodhuis) and
Ministry of Correctional Services, GSB# 1982-482 (Kruger); OPSEU (Union Grievance) and
Ministry of Natural Resources, GSB# 2001-0352 (Fisher); OPSEU (Anthony et al.) and Ministry
of Labour, GSB# 1999-1977 et al. (Abramsky); OPSEU (Dobroff et al.) and Ministry of the
Environment, GSB# 2003-0905 et al. (Dissanayake); OPSEU (Giannou) and Management Board
Secretariat, GSB# 1996-570 (Leighton) and (Ont C of A); OPSEU (Klonowski et al.) and
Ministry of Finance, GSB# 1999-1799 (Fisher); OPSEU (Singh) and Ministry of Community
Safety and Correctional Services, GSB# 2001-1070 (Abramsky); OPSEU (Belanger et al.) and
Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services, GSB# 1999-1782 et al. (Harris);
OPSEU (Waraich) and Ministry of Labour, GSB# 2003-0187 (Watters); OPSEU (Esmail) and
Ministry of Education, 2002/2533 (Gray); OPSEU (Warling) and Ministry of Community Safety
and Correctional Services, 2005/3765 (Grey); Health Sciences Assoc. of B.C. v. Campbell River
and North Island Transition Society, 2004 BCCA 260 (BCCA); Canadian Staff Union and
Canadian Union of Public Employees, [2006] C.L.A.D. No. 452 (Christie); Jacobs Catalytic Ltd.
v. I.B.E.W. Local 353 (209), 98 O.R. (3d) 677 (Ont. C of A); Hiram Walker & Sons Ltd. and
Distillery Workers, Local 61 (1973), 3 L.A.C. (2d) 203 (Adams).
The Submissions of the Union
[31]The Union submitted that the effect of the February 28, 2009 letter was to sweep away
numerous, detailed, local agreements and remove the clauses from the collective agreement. It is
a central Employer edict that also sweeps away the MERC and LERC mandates. Manifestly, it
has an adverse impact on a number of provisions of the collective agreement. The Union said
that the cases dealing with the review of an exercise of management rights only require an
adverse impact on other collective agreement provisions, not a breach of them. The Union
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reviewed the specific agreements and settlements set out in its particulars. It submitted that it is
not open to the Employer to violate those agreements, arrangements and commitments. Such
local agreements have been enforced by the Board.
[32]The Union submitted that the articles in question give the employee a right to have their
request considered, not a right to have the request granted, but they have the right to be heard.
The February 28, 2009 letter removes that right. The Board has the jurisdiction to hear the
grievances and needs to hear evidence in order to determine them.
[33]The Union also submitted that the letter amounts to the promulgation of a province-wide
rule, which, pursuant to the management rights clause, must be reasonable.
[34]The Union also made submissions on the role of particulars, given the Employer?s
insistence, during the Union?s argument, that the Union was limited by its particulars, which
limitation would prevent it from calling specific evidence of the negative impact of the letter on
family status. The Union said that particulars are situational. That is, what is or is not sufficient
depends on the circumstances. The purpose is to ensure that the Employer is not prejudiced. It
said that with its opening statement and the documents it produced there is sufficient information
that it can proceed with its case. The Union submitted that if the Employer?s approach is correct,
the requirement on the Union would be to lay out its whole case in advance. That was said to be
contrary to litigation in labour relations matters, the hallmark of which is flexibility.
[35]The Union also submitted that it had provided adequate particulars regarding the adverse
impact of the Employer?s decision on the no-discrimination and health and safety articles. It
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distinguished labour relations matters from the procedural requirements of civil law suits. An
adequate factual basis has been pleaded. There is no requirement for the Union to disclose its
evidence or argument at this stage. The Union said that CTO is an effective tool for managing
the stress of these workplaces, engaging article 9. It also submitted that the decision centrally to
end CTO has a negative effect on family arrangements, such as childcare, which engages article
3, involving as it does discrimination on the basis of family status. Here, with more than 5000
employees affected, can it really be required to provide to the Employer in advance all the
evidence of the impact of the alleged breach? If that is so, multiple binders of information would
be required and pre-hearing processes will become more protracted. Particulars are not the same
as evidence. The Union said it has provided the broad brush strokes of the kind of impact the
letter will have, but it did not provide all of the evidence, which is a sufficient response.
[36]The Union relied upon the following authorities:
OPSEU (Union) and Ministry of Correctional Services, GSB# 0236/98 (Lee); OPSEU (Union)
and Ministry of Community Safety and Correctional Services, GSB# 2004-3577 (Briggs);
OPSEU (Union) and Ministry of Health, GSB# 443/95 (Kaplan); OPSEU (Patterson) and
Ministry of Correctional Services, GSB# 1977/89 (Kaplan); OPSEU (Emmett) and Ministry of
Health and Long-Term Care, GSB# 0147/01 (Johnston); OPSEU (Kuyntjes) and Ministry of
Transportation and Communications, GSB# 513/84 (Verity); OPSEU (Boulet) and Ministry of
Community and Social Services, GSB# 1189/99 (Brown); Simcoe County District School Board
th
and OPSEU Loc. 330 (Griffith) (2002), 103 L.A.C. (4) 309 (Davie); Hoyt v. Canadian National
Railway, [2006] C.H.R.D. No. 33 (Loyd); Johnstone v. Canada (Attorney General), [2007]
F.C.J. No. 43 (F.C.C.); Johnstone v. Canada (Attorney General), [2008] F.C.J. No. 427 (F.C.A.);
th
IBEW and Power Stream Inc. (Bender) (2009), 186 L.A.C. (4) 180 (Jesin); Canadian Labour
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Arbitration(Brown and Beatty, Canada Law Book, 3:2100); Ontario (Liquor Control Board of
th
Ontario) and O.L.B.E.U. (East) (2005), 142 L.A.C. (4) 442 (Dissanayake).
The Submissions of the Employer in Reply
[37]The Employer objected to any facts asserted by the Union that were not in its particulars.
It said that particulars are the facts the Union will rely on to establish its assertions. It said it
would be improper to allow the Union to enlarge its particulars in the face of this jurisdictional
motion or, differently put, to find the Board?s jurisdiction in facts not pleaded in the Union?s
particulars. Particularly with respect to the discrimination claims, the Employer said that none of
the facts underlying the work/life balance claim were provided and it would be a significant
departure from the Board?s practice to permit evidence to be called to establish such underlying
facts.
[38]The Employer reiterated its submissions that CTO is an alternative to the default
provision that payment is made for overtime: that it is solely within the purview of the parties to
agree or not agree, and such agreement or non-agreement is beyond the Board?s review. As to
the effect of the local agreements, the Employer submitted that they cannot fetter the permissive
nature of CTO. Agreement on the process for approving CTO does not create an obligation to
grant CTO.
[39]The Employer also submitted that nothing in the language of articles COR8.5 or
COR16.1 restricts the Employer from giving the central notice it did, nor requires notice on a
local level. The local agreements were described as procedural, not substantive, and, again, the
Board cannot engage in a query where the Employer has decided not to provide the CTO option.
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[40]The Employer disagreed with the Union?s submission that the letter of February 28, 2009
amounts to an Employer rule. It said neither the option to agree to CTO nor withdrawal of such
agreement is a rule. In any event, a rule promulgated under management rights is only
reviewable on a standard of reasonableness if it relates to a ?substantive? provision in the
collective agreement.
[41]The Employer also submitted that CTO is not the only vehicle to accommodate
employees as regards their family status, and it is not open to the Employee to pick their
preferred accommodation. Further, the allegations of breaches of article 3 and 9 were not
sufficiently particularized to amount to a prima facie case.
Reasons for Decision
The Jurisdiction of the Board
[42]The Employer relied on Glenny317/83,Ropars 400/84 and Algerson 1942/87 as
analogous situations to the present. Those cases dealt with grievances complaining that the
Employer had not agreed to a compressed work week. They held that the Board had no
jurisdiction to consider the Employer?s refusal because the collective agreement provisions there
did not oblige the Employer to exercise a discretion. Rather, they provided ?no more than a
consensual framework to enable individual locals and Ministries mutually to agree to institute
compressed work week arrangements.? (Glenny at pages 3 ? 4). The Employer first submitted
thatGlenny was ?on all fours? with this matter, but subsequently conceded that Glenny dealt
with the outset of the compressed workweek arrangements, not the ending of such arrangements.
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[43]Emmett et al 0147/01 also dealt with a grievance regarding a failure by the Employer to
consider a compressed workweek. There the Union submitted that the case differed from the
earlier authorities in that it alleged that management rights had been exercised in an irrational,
unreasonable and discriminatory fashion (at page 9). Emmettis a more recent case and, unlike
the earlier cases, considered the effect of the developments in the jurisprudence relating to the
review of management decisions for reasonableness.
[44]The foundation case often relied upon regarding the Board?s jurisdiction to review
decisions of management is Bousquet0541/90 (Gorsky). In Ashley, 2001?1700 (Abramsky) the
Board commented on Bousquet as follows at page 14:
Consequently, under Bousquet, supra, the jurisdiction of the Board to review the
Employer?s exercise of a right reserved to management is derivative ? it depends on the
existence of a provision in the collective agreement which might be adversely affected by
management?s action.
[45]The Board?s jurisprudence is summarized in Sutherland,2006-0519 at paragraph 16 as
follows:
The principle that results from the above-noted authorities (See also Re McIntosh,
3027/92 (Dissanayake) and Re Boulet, 1189/99 (Brown)) is that, for the Board to seize
jurisdiction, there must be an allegation that the employer?s exercise of management
rights resulted in a contravention or abridgement of a substantive right under the
collective agreement.
[46]An ?abridgement? of a substantive right in the collective agreement is no different than a
provision of the collective agreement being adversely affected. The test in Bousquet set out
above is still valid. This view is underscored in paragraph 19 of Sutherland:
The authorities reviewed above establish two propositions with respect to CWW
arrangements. First, that article 10.1 does not impose any obligation on the employer to
enter into a CWW arrangement with any employee. Second, article 10.1 ?? does not
provide for a discretion to be exercised by the employer.Rather, it simply provides a
mechanism for the parties to mutually arrive at ?other arrangements? vis a vis a variable
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week?. See, the quotation from Re Algerson et al, set out at p.7 (supra). It follows,
therefore, that the employer?s decision to negotiate or not negotiate a CWW arrangement
is a matter of a management right to ?among other things, manage its business as set out
in article 2.? (Re Emmett), (supra), at p. 11). Therefore, this Board has no jurisdiction to
review the employer?s exercise of a management right, in the absence of a claim that such
rights affected a right of the
exercise (in this case the non-exercise) of management
grievor under the collective agreement
. Since the union has not made such a claim.
Nor has it alleged bad faith. In the circumstances the Board lacks jurisdiction.
Therefore, the employer?s first motion succeeds.
(emphasis added)
[47]Here the Union says that a number of rights in the collective agreement have been
adversely affected, including the right to local processes and the right to at least ask for CTO. In
the cases put before me, the grievor?s were at least afforded the opportunity to request a
compressed workweek or CTO. In the matters before me, there are real and substantive
differences between the parties that arise out of the collective agreement. It is within the Board?s
jurisdiction to consider and determine those differences. The collective agreement includes
provisions that cover the matters raised by the Union. The Board has the jurisdiction to decide
whether those provisions encompass the rights asserted in the grievances. It is a matter of
contract interpretation, a fundamental responsibility of the Board. Put differently, the dispute
arises expressly or inferentially out of the collective agreement. That was not the case in
Belanger, supra, where there was no article in the collective agreement dealing with the
provision of uniforms to employees.
[48]The Employer submitted a number of times that CTO had to be mutually agreed and the
decision not to agree was not reviewable. In Emmett, supra, the Board concluded it had the
jurisdiction to review management?s refusal to meet with the grievors and attempt to negotiate a
compressed workweek schedule. After reviewing Boulet, 1188/99; McIntosh, 3027/92 and
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Bousquet, 541/90, Vice Chair Johnston in Emmett characterized the standard of review as
follows at page 14:
Therefore in making the decision not to sit down with the grievor?s and attempt to
negotiate a CWWS, management?s motives should be reviewed in light of the standard
set out above. That decision must not be motivated by bad faith or discriminatory
and
considerations must be based on legitimate of genuine government purposes.
The union has grieved that management has contravened the collective agreement by not
managing in a fair and equitable manner and has systemically discriminated against the
grievors. It was argued that the employer has improperly exercised its right to manage
the workplace in that the decision to refuse to meet and negotiate a CWWS with the
grievors was not motivated by good faith or legitimate or genuine government purposes
and
that management?s decision resulted in a contravention of several articles of the
collective agreement.
At this point in the proceedings, I do not have any information regarding management?s
decision-making process in this case. I do not know why there has been a refusal to sit
down with this particular group of employees. Until I hear from the employer on these
issues, I have no way of assessing the validity of the union?s assertions. These are issues
that I have the jurisdiction to hear and determine.
(emphasis added)
[49]Vice Chair Johnston also relied on the following excerpt from United Parcel Service and
Teamsters Union (1981), 29 L.A.C. (2d) 202 (Burkett). Arbitrator Burkett said the following at
page 213:
the employer?s decision making should be assessed against the
In our view
requirement to act for business reasons and the requirement not to single out any
employee or group of employees for special treatment which cannot be justified in
terms of real benefit to the employer
. When the parties agree that such matters as
classification, qualification, demotion, transfers and the scheduling of vacations are to be
in the discretion of management, they do so in the knowledge that management?s
decisions in these areas will be made in management?s self-interest, may adversely affect
individual employees, and/or may not impact on all employees equally. However, it is
not contemplated as part of the bargain that the employer will exercise his authority in
these areas for reasons unrelated to the betterment of his business or to single out
employees for the type of special treatment described. If the employer acts in this
manner, the results of his actions, as they affect the bargaining unit generally or
individuals within the bargaining unit, may be found to be beyond the scope of his
authority under the collective agreement.
(emphasis added)
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[50]All of these cases are cited in Emmett from the decision of Vice-Chair Brown in Boulet,
1189/99.At page 12 in Boulet Vice Chair Brown said the following about the scope of the
Board?s jurisdiction:
How does the ruling in Bousquet apply to the facts at hand? As noted by counsel for the
union, if the employer has violated the collective agreement by failing to post jobs, the
grievors? rights under article 6 are affected in the sense that they would not have lost
their employment if such jobs had been posted and awarded to them. Using the language
ofBousquet, I conclude management?s determination of ODSP workloads would be open
to challenge if it was not ?genuine? in the sense that it was not ?related to management of
the undertaking?. The standard to be applied is not whether the decision was ?correct?,
but rather whether it was made on grounds ?relevant to legitimate government purposes?.
In other words, what matters is the nature of the reasons underlying the decision and not
whether those reasons are of sufficient weight to make the decision appear sound in the
eyes of an adjudicator. The sufficiency of the reasons is for the employer to determine.
[51]I agree with these analyses. The Board has the jurisdiction to hear and decide the merits
of these grievances.
Sufficiency of the Union?s Particulars
[52]The Board?s jurisprudence includes a number of cases relating to the provision of
particulars. What is required are particulars of the alleged breach of the collective agreement.
An instructive review of examples of adequate and inadequate particulars is to be found in Singh,
2001/1070. Those claims that were allowed to proceed had particularized the alleged breaches.
Harassment grievances are a case in point. Mr. Singh?s harassment grievance of September 20,
2001 was dismissed by Vice Chair Abramsky for the following reasons:
In my view, there were noparticulars provided in regard to this grievance. There is a
general claim of harassment by Mr. Richard on August 2, 2001 ? but no specifics. What
harassment? When? Where? The Employer is left to guess what this grievance is about.
The grievor had ample time to provide the required particulars but failed to do so. The
grievance is dismissed.
[53]Vice Chair Fisher said the following in Klonowski, 1799/99:
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In essence I expected that the Union would respond in a fashion as follows:
Allegation One; John Employee, who worked out of the Toronto Office and lived at 123
Anywhere Street, Brampton at all material times did on, January 4, 2001, proceed from
his house to his first call at 123 Edward St Toronto, a distance of 22 km, whereas he
should have first gone to the Toronto Office and then to the Edwards Street location,
which was only a distance of 8 km from the Toronto office. He was permitted by
manager to do so and in fact was paid by the Ministry for the 22 km.
Providing particulars in this fashion would have allowed the Ministry to respond to each
incident in clear and concise fashion. It also would have made the hearing of this case
proceed in an efficient manner because everybody would know before the hearing exactly
what the case was about.
With respect to remedy, I can see no practical remedy except to dismiss the grievance.
The Union has had ample time to do the necessary legwork; giving it more time would
th
Moreover claims of discrimination
make simply a joke out of the December 19 order.
should not be thrown around with the hope that the evidence will come into place as
the case proceeds, rather the party making such an allegation should have its basic
factual research in place at least by the time the case is scheduled for a hearing.
(emphasis added)
[54]The purpose of particulars is to permit the employer to know which facts are claimed to
be part of the alleged breach of the collective agreement. Particulars do not include evidence nor
do they include argument. In harassment and discrimination matters it is only fair to individually
itemize the various actions alleged to be part of the course of conduct that amounts to the alleged
breach.
[55]Esmail, 2002-2533, is an Order of the Board issued by Vice Chair Gray. The Order is not
contextualized, and it does not suggest that it lays down a procedure that is required in all cases.
The requirement of particulars is situational. It is not always, or perhaps even often, that a party
or parties are to be required to lay out their entire cases in advance.
[56]Here, the act leading to the allegation that there has been a breach of the collective
agreement is, at its most basic, the sending of the letter of February 28, 2009. The required facts
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are evident on the face of the letter. The Union has explained in its particulars which articles of
the collective agreement are impacted and provided facts relating to the local agreements and
settlements that it says are affected. It points to two internal memoranda of the Employer as
facts related to the alleged breach. It has challenged the bona fides of the management decision
on the basis of the negative impact it will have on work/life balance and listed the types of
impact. In my view, there are sufficient facts asserted in the particulars to draw the Employer?s
attention to the breach alleged in order to permit it to prepare its defence. The Employer knows
what this case is about. In the unlikely event that it is taken by surprise at some point, options
are available to prevent prejudice. Indeed, counsel for the Union has indicated his willingness to
keep counsel for the Employer apprised of the evidence he expects to call as the case proceeds.
[57]Accordingly, the preliminary objections of the Employer are dismissed.
th
Dated at Toronto this 4 day of June 2010.
Daniel A. Harris, Vice-Chair