HomeMy WebLinkAbout2007-3700.Alviani.11-01-21 Decision
Commission de
Crown Employees
Grievance
UqJOHPHQWGHVJULHIV
Settlement Board
GHVHPSOR\pVGHOD
Couronne
Suite 600 Bureau 600
180 Dundas St. West 180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8 Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388 7pO
Fax (416) 326-1396 7pOpF
GSB#2007-3700
UNION#2008-0716-0002
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(Alviani)
Union
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Revenue)
Employer
BEFOREVice-Chair
Nimal Dissanayake
FOR THE UNION
Jennifer Fehr
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
Grievance Officer
FOR THE EMPLOYER
Omar Shahab
Ministry of Government Services
Labour Practice Group
Counsel
HEARINGMay 14, 2009, April 27, May 11, May 12,
June 3, December 17, 2010.
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Decision
[1]0V&KDQWDO$OYLDQL³JULHYRU´
LVHPSOR\Hd by the employer as an Employer Health
Tax Field Auditor at its Thunder Bay Office. She was off work from April 26, 2007 as a
result of a rotator cuff injury. She was accommodated to her satisfaction and returned to work
on February 25, 2008. She filed a grievance dated January 30, 2008 alleging that the
employer contravened the collective agreement and the Ontario Human Rights Code by
failing to accommodate her earlier.
>@7KHJULHYRU¶VPDQDJHU0V5XWK0F/DXJKlin (Audit Manager, EHT), worked out of
Ottawa. She communicated with staff at Thunder Bay by e-mail and telephone, and also
visited the Thunder Bay office several times a year. Ms. McLaughlin had the primary
responsibility for the JULHYRU¶VDFFRPPRGDWLRQ
[3] The grievor testified thatVKHGLGQRW³IHHOULJKW´ZKHQ she woke up on April 23, 2007.
th
That day and the next, she called in sick. On April 25 she went to a walk-in medical clinic.
Dr. D. A. Anthes at the clinic ordered x-rays and ultra sound and prescribed some medications
for her. The grievor remained off work and submitted a series of medical notes from Dr.
Anthes and other physicians requiring her to remain off work covering the period April 26 to
the end of September 2007. All of these notes merely stated that she was sick and provided
no other information. During this period she received short term sickness benefits.
[4] On May 11, 2007 the grievor commenced physiotherapy treatmentDW6W-RVHSK¶V
Hospital upon referral by her family physician, Dr. Richard Almond. The grievor testified
that while attending the hospital she came upon a book about injuries resulting from faulty
work stations and about ergonomic assessments of work stations. She inquired from hospital
staff how she can have an ergonomic assessment of her work station at the Ministry done.
She was advised that such an assessment would cost approximately $1,500.00, and that
normally employers pay for it. The grievor testifLHGWKDWVKHUHFDOOHG³GLVFXVVLQJRIWHQ´ZLWK
Ms. McLaughlin about having an ergonomic assessment done on her work station in the
following weeks. However, she could not recall specifically when those discussions took
place or exactly what she told Ms. McLaughlin.
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[5] Soon after she went off work, the grievor applied for WSIB benefits. In a medical
QRWHGDWHG-XQH
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provide the enclosed letter to your doctor and sign and date the attached consent
form. Please note that your signature must be witnessed by another party. It is your
responsibility to forward the attached consent and medical information request to
your physician.
Your physician's response is required by October 1 S\ 2007. Should there be any
problem in meeting this deadline, please advise me immediately. Any charges for
this letter and medical form will be assumed by the Ministry of Finance in
accordance with the OMA fee schedule for such a service, so any invoice should be
remitted to my attention for payment.
The attachments included a letter addressed to Dr. Almond, which in turn included a
number of questions about the grievor's ability to perform specific duties within her job
description. The grievor signed the release and provided the documentation to Dr. Almond
promptly.
[9] However, Dr. Almond did not complete and return the documentation. Instead he
submitted the following letter addressed to Ms. McLaughlin, which was dated October 1,
2007, but received by the employer only on October 25,2007:
Ms. Chantal Alviani is fit to return to work in a modified capacity as defined in
Shawn Grant's (physiotherapist) attached note. This will be undertaken on October
1, 2007. These restrictions are imposed due to the ongoing issue of rotator cuff
tendinopathy to her right shoulder. These restrictions are temporary in nature and
will be reviewed at the time of her next visit which is in approximately three weeks.
A number of questions that you have asked relate to the limitations imposed.
Again, I am supportive of the limitations and restrictions as defined by Mr. Grant.
These restrictions will be reviewed on a regular basis and changes will be
forthcoming. It is suggested that an ergonomic assessment of her workplace would
be appropriate to assist her recovery and prevent further issues. She is capable of
regular attendance. She will not be taking any medication which may affect her
ability to work and the specialty care she is receiving is by myself and Mr. Grant.
I trust that this provides you with the information you require.
[10] The grievor agreed with union counsel that the foregoing letter where Dr. Almond
wrote, "It is suggested that an ergonomic assessment of her workplace would be appropriate
to assist her recovery and prevent further issues", was the first time she provided any medical
support for her request that the employer conduct an ergonomic assessment of her work
station.
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[11] It is common ground that Dr. Almond's approval of the grievor's return to work "as
defined in Shawn Grant's (physiotherapist) attached note" refers to the following
recommendation contained in Mr. Grant's report dated October 1, 2007;
At this time we are recommending that Ms. Alviani return to work on a modified
work schedule. Upon reviewing her PDA it is suggested that Ms. Alviani return to
work at 4 hours per shift. Frequent positional changes must be made. (No static
positions greater than 20 mins.). Also no lifting greater than 5 lbs should be
performed on a non-repetitive basis. These restrictions should be followed for a
period of 2 weeks and then Ms. Alviani will be re-assessed and further
recommendations will be given.
[12] Therefore, it is clear that by October 25, 2007, the grievor's physiotherapist as well as
her family physician had recommended that she return to work on the foregoing basis. The
grievor testified that when Ms. McLaughlin talked to her about returning to work subject to
the restrictions recommended by her physiotherapist and her family physician, she refused
and took the position that she would not return to work until an ergonomic assessment of her
work station is done and all of its recommendations implemented.
[13] The parties are III disagreement as to when the gnevor first requested that the
employer do an ergonomic assessment on her work station. According to the grievor, she
made this request to Ms. McLaughlin in late May or early June 2007, and continued
subsequently to make repeated requests. She testified that her request was that the employer
carry out its own ergonomic assessment separate from the one undertaken by the WSIB,
because she did not trust the WSIB to be impartial. She discussed with the union about
appealing the WSIB decision denying her claim, but at the same time continued to request
Ms. McLaughlin for an assessment of her work station.
[14] Ms. McLaughlin testified that she was certain that the grievor did not request an
ergonomic assessment by the employer until her WSIB claim had been denied on July 12,
2007. Ms McLaughlin's testimony is that the grievor expected that the WSIB ergonomic
assessment would result in a finding that the work station caused her injury, and that the
WSIB would make recommendations designed to make her work station ergonomically
suitable for her. Based on contemporaneous notes she wrote on her diary, Ms. McLaughlin
testified that the grievor first requested an ergonomic assessment by the employer on August
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IS, 2007. Again based on her notes, she testified that the next day she made inquiries from
Human Resources about arranging an ergonomic assessment of the grievor's work station,
and was advised that a medical note was required before any ergonomic assessment of her
work station could be undertaken. On September 9, 2007 she verbally advised the grievor
about the need for a medical note and on September lih forwarded the documentation to be
completed and returned by the grievor' s doctor.
[IS] Based on the evidence before me I conclude that the grievor first requested that the
employer conduct its own ergonomic assessment only on August IS, 2007, after the adverse
decision by the WSIB, and after her discussion with the union about appealing the denial. A
large number of e-mails that passed between the grievor and Ms. McLaughlin were filed in
evidence. There is no e-mail indicating such a request by the grievor any time earlier.
Moreover, Ms. McLaughlin had a practice of taking notes on her diary about conversations
she had with employees on work issues. Numerous such notes pertaining to conversations
with the grievor about her accommodation were filed in evidence. The first mention of a
request by the grievor for an ergonomic assessment is in Ms. McLaughlin's notes dated
August ISth. Given her practice, Ms. McLaughlin's testimony is credible that if the grievor
had made such a request, that would have been significant. She would have noted such a
conversation on her diary, and followed up with Human Resources. She strongly disagreed
with union counsel's suggestion that it was possible that she forgot about the request. On the
other hand, the grievor's testimony was very general. She could not recall when she made the
requests, what she told Ms. McLaughlin in making any of the requests or what Ms.
McLaughlin's response was. I find Ms. McLaughlin's testimony to be more reliable on this
Issue.
[16] In considering whether the time taken by the employer to accommodate the grievor
was reasonable, it is convenient to adopt the following time periods used by union counsel
during her submissions:
(A) The time taken to conduct an ergonomic assessment from the date the grievor
requested one.
(B) The time taken to obtain a report following the ergonomic assessment.
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(C) The time taken from the date the ergonomic assessment report was issued, to the
implementation of its recommendations.
(D) The time taken, following acquisition of all items required, to schedule a return
to work meeting and ultimately returning the grievor to work.
[17] The union conceded that an employer is entitled to a reasonable period of time to
accommodate an employee. It did not fault the employer for the time periods (B) and (C)
above. However, it argued that the time taken with respect to (A) and (C) above was
unreasonable, and was the result of the employer not treating its duty to accommodate
seriously and "dragging its heels". While the union focussed only on time periods (A) and
(C) above, in determining the grievance the Board must decide, not whether anyone step in
the accommodation process was unreasonably delayed, but whether the overall process was
delayed unreasonably. If unreasonable delay is found, the Board must proceed to consider
whether the employer was responsible for that overall delay as would constitute a failure to
comply with the employer's duty accommodate under the collective agreement and the
Ontario Human Rights Code. Therefore, the evidence relating to the whole process must be
considered.
[18] A. The period between the grievor's request and the conduct of the ergOnOmIC
assessment
I have already concluded that the grievor first requested that the employer carry out
its own ergonomic assessment, on August 15,2007. However, while the grievor herself made
that request, until October 25, 2007 no medical opinion was provided to the employer,
suggesting that an ergonomic assessment of her work station should be done. On October 25,
2007, the employer became aware that the grievor's physiotherapist as well as her family
physician approved her return to work at 4 hours per shift, subject to certain physical
restrictions. I find that this approval was not made subject to a condition that an ergonomic
assessment must be done and recommendations implemented before she returned at 4 hours
per shift. While the grievor testified that she told Dr. Almond that she wanted an assessment
done before she returned to work, it is clear that Dr. Almond did not impose such a condition.
He declared the grievor "fit to return to work in a modified capacity as defined in Shawn
Grant's (physiotherapist) attached note". Mr. Grant's note makes no reference at all to an
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ergonomic assessment. I conclude that the only way to read Dr. Almond's reference to an
ergonomic assessment in his letter is that he suggested that an assessment be done as a
precautionary measure, after the grievor's return to work on the terms outlined by the
physiotherapist. The evidence is that the grievor was initially inclined to return as
recommend by the medical professionals. However, supported by her union representative,
the grievor subsequently took the position that she would not return, despite the
recommendation by the medical professionals, until an ergonomic assessment is completed
and its recommendations implemented.
[19] Ms. McLaughlin's notes establish that immediately upon receIvmg the grievor's
request on August 15, 2007 she sought advice from Human Resources on how to go about
arranging an ergonomic assessment. She also located an ergonomist through the internet, but
he was not prepared to go to Thunder Bay. However, she took no further action because
Human Resources advised her shortly after that medical information on the grievor's
restrictions was needed before proceeding.
[20] On October 25th Ms. McLaughlin received the letter dated October 1 st from Dr.
Almond, wherein he supported the grievor's return to work at 4 hours per shift, subject to the
restrictions outlined by the physiotherapist, and also suggested that an ergonomic assessment
be done. Upon receipt of Dr. Almond's letter on October 25, 2007, Ms. McLaughlin acted
promptly. An ergonomist was located and the assessment was completed on November 6,
2007.
[21] B. The period between the completion of the assessment and the issuance of the
report.
The union concedes that the employer acted promptly upon receipt of Dr. Almond's
letter on October 25, 2007 and that the ergonomic assessment was done (November 6, 2007)
and the report obtained (November 25,2007) in reasonable time.
[22] The time taken to implement the recommendations in the report
The ergonomist report contained a number of recommendations designed to make the
grievor's work station suitable for her. These included some reorganizing around her work
station and the purchase of certain items, including a foot rest, a note book holder, a back
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pack and an adjustable chair. The evidence is that the reorganizing of the work station was
completed promptly. In order to acquire the various items required for the grievor, Ms.
McLaughlin forwarded a copy of the ergonomist's report to the Ministry's Facilities
Management Unit (FMU), which had the responsibility for the purchase of furniture and
equipment required by staff. Ms Susan Baynham, Operations Coordinator, had the
responsibility for coordinating between managers and the FMU for purposes of purchasing
required items. Ms. Baynham testified that in purchasing items required by Ministry staff, she
had to follow a particular procedure. She had been provided a list of suppliers that had bid
and were registered with the Ministry as vendors of record (VOR). In addition she
maintained her own list of suppliers of various products. When a purchase was necessary, the
procedure required her to first find a VOR who was able to supply the item. If no VOR who
can supply the required item is identified, she went to her own list of suppliers.
[23] Ms. Baynham testified that she received a copy of the ergonomic assessment report
relating to the grievor on November 29, 2007. However, she did not take any steps to order
the various items required for the grievor until December 2ih due to a number of reasons.
She stated that at the time she had received several purchase requests from managers. She
also had a few days of vacation in that period. The report with regard to the grievor had
recommended that a specific brand (Steel case ) and model of chair be ordered through a
company called POI Office Interiors. Even though POI was not a vendor of record, she was
prepared to order the chair through POI. She communicated several times with the POI
branch in Ottawa, believing that getting the chair to Thunder Bay from Ottawa would be
faster than placing the order through the POI branch in Markham. It took a week for POI in
Ottawa to advise her that they were unable to supply the chair, and that the order should be
placed through POI in Markham. However, she was aware that POI in Toronto shuts down a
week prior to Christmas day and re-opened only in the new year. Therefore, she felt that until
the new year, POI would not be in a position to receive any orders. The evidence indicates
that the order for the chair was placed on January 8, 2008 and was delivered in Thunder Bay
on January 31, 2008.
[24] Ms. Baynham testified that when requisitioning the purchase of supplies, managers
would often advise that the items were required urgently in order to return an employee who
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is off sick back to work. When so advised, Ms. Baynham would give that order priority. As
she put it, she would "put a rush on it and try to attend to it within a few days". However, in
this case, until December 29,2007, she was not made aware that the grievor was off sick. She
testified that had she known that, she would have tried to get the required items earlier.
[25] Under cross-examination, Ms. Baynham testified that had she known that the
employee was off, she could have got the order for the chair in to POI in Markham before the
Christmas shut down. She agreed that if the order had been placed in the first week of
December "with a rush on it", it is possible that the chair would have been delivered in the
first week of January. The evidence is that the order for items other than the chair were not
delayed by any shut down. Those items were also ordered on January 8, 2008 and were
delivered in one week. However, the chair was not delivered until January 31, 2008.
[26] D. The time taken between the acquisition of the required items, the scheduling of a
return to work meeting and returning the grievor to work
The evidence is that Ms. McLaughlin was prepared to return the grievor to work as
soon as the required items had been received. She testified that since October she had been
seeking a meeting with the union and the grievor, to agree upon the hours the grievor would
work upon her return. The evidence indicates that a return to work meeting was scheduled for
January 25, 2008. However, the grievor subsequently requested that the meeting be cancelled
because she had a doctor's appointment that day. Then, Mr. Len Mason, the grievor's union
representative, took the position that a return to work meeting can only take place after all of
the recommendations in the ergonomic assessment report had been implemented. On January
31 S\ Ms. McLaughlin informed the grievor that all the required items were in place and that
she would like to arrange the grievor's return to work. The grievor promptly contacted Mr.
Mason.
[27] On February 1, 2008 Mr. Mason e-mailed Ms. McLaughlin, informing that he was
"fairly busy", but that he was free to meet on February 12 or 19. The same day Ms.
McLaughlin responded, suggesting that the grievor return to work before the meeting is held,
but indicating her willingness to travel to Thunder Bay on February lih for the meeting. Mr.
Mason replied the same day taking the position that the grievor ought not to return to work
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until a plan was in place. However, he did not confirm his agreement to hold the meeting on
February lih. On February 5th, Ms. McLaughlin e-mailed Mr. Mason informing that the
grievor was also available to meet on February 12 and that she was waiting for Mr. Mason to
confirm that the meeting can go ahead on that day. Mr. Mason replied on February 5th,
apologizing for the delay in getting back. He also informed that he was "unable to meet" on
February lih, and indicated his availability February 19th to 22nd. Ms. McLaughlin suggested
meeting on February 21 st and Mr. Mason agreed. The meeting took place on February 21,
2008 and a return to work plan was agreed upon, and on February 25, 2008, the grievor
returned to work.
[28] The union also led some additional evidence, based upon which it is suggested that the
employer ought to have accommodated the grievor earlier than it did. The grievor testified
that while she was off, on July 27, 2007 Ms. McLaughlin forwarded to her a copy of a
document entitled "Ergonomic Recommendations - on site visit Ottawa Regional Taxation
Office March 30, 2001", prepared by an ergonomic consultant. Upon reading the document,
which was dated April 6, 2001, the grievor felt that most of the recommendations made
therein were applicable to her. She recalled speaking to Ms. McLaughlin subsequently about
the recommendation that desk heights should be lowered for people who are shorter than
5' 10". However, Ms. McLaughlin took no action regarding the grievor's work station.
[29] Ms. McLaughlin testified that the document resulted from a site visit and assessment
of the auditors' office in Ottawa. Since she expected at the time that the grievor would soon
be returning to work, she felt that the grievor would find the document helpful in setting
herself up. In cross-examination, Ms. McLaughlin agreed that the document mentioned that
work surfaces that are too high can cause injury and that most workers who are under 5' 10"
find the typical 29 inch desks too high. Ms. McLaughlin was asked why the grievor's desk
height was not lowered as recommended in that document, when she was aware that the
grievor was considerably shorter than 5' 10". Ms. McLaughlin pointed out that the document
only stated that "most", but not all, workers under 5' 1 0" find 29 inches too high. She testified
that she was herself under 5' 10" tall, but did not want her desk height lowered. She also
pointed out that the document also proposed alternatives to lowering the height of desks, such
as raising the height of the chair and providing a foot rest.
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[30] The grievor also testified that while conducting the assessment on November 6, 2007,
the ergonomist, Mr. Peter Watson, kept commenting "about what was wrong with my work
station and what was needed to be done". Based on her recollection of Mr. Watson's
comments during the one hour assessment, the next day the grievor e-mailed Ms.
McLaughlin, listing a number of "recommendations which will be outlined in detail in the
forthcoming ergonomic assessment", and expressing her hope that this information would
expedite her accommodation. The grievor testified that when the report came out on
November 25, 2007, there were "no significant differences" between the recommendations
contained therein and the expected recommendations she had communicated to Ms.
McLaughlin on November ih.
[31] The grievor also testified that while waiting for the employer to purchase the chair
recommended in the ergonomic assessment report, she took the initiative to "google the
chair". She discovered that the particular chair could be purchased on line in Thunder Bay.
On January 25, 2008, she advised Ms. McLaughlin that the chair could be purchased locally
within one week. On January 26th, Ms. McLaughlin e-mailed the grievor, seeking details as to
which supplier in Thunder Bay had the chair, and requesting that the grievor forward the
information for ordering the chair on line from that supplier. The grievor did not respond to
Ms. McLaughlin's e-mail, but on January 29 e-mailed the ergonomist, Mr. Watson, with copy
to Ms. McLaughlin, advising him that Ms. McLaughlin was "having difficulty securing the
purchase and delivery" of the chair and some of the other items, and inquiring from Mr.
Watson whether all of the items are available through local suppliers. She asked that Mr.
Watson assist Ms. McLaughlin by recommending suppliers. On January 30th, Mr. Watson
replied, informing the grievor, inter alia, that "Steelcase products are available from Lowerys
locally". The same day, the grievor forwarded Mr. Watson's e-mail to Ms. McLaughlin, who
promptly replied, advising the grievor that the chair ordered through POI was expected to
arrive in Markham on January 29 from the U.S.A.
DECISION
[32] In determining the merits of the grievance, I first note that the parties are agreed that
the grievor did suffer from a disability which engaged the employer's duty to accommodate
her to the point of undue hardship. Secondly, I note that the integrity of the grievor, Ms.
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McLaughlin and Ms. Baynham is beyond question. I found that each of them testified
honestly and truthfully, and that any conflict in the testimony is the result of their different
perceptions and recall. I have attempted, as best as I can, to determine what is more probable
in light of all of the evidence and information before me.
[33] A good starting point IS the recognition that as a general principle the duty to
accommodate in a unionized environment is a duty shared by the employer, the disabled
employee and his/her union. Central Okanagan School District No. 23 v. Renaud, [1992] 2
S.C.R. 970 (S.C.C.). In Re Toronto Board of Education, [2000] O.L.A.A. No. 326 (Davie at
para. 115, the law is well summarized as follows:
115 In my view Renaud does not stand only for the proposItIOn that the
employee's obligation is to respond reasonably to offers of accommodation initiated
by the employer. The employee's obligation to facilitate the accommodation extends
to both the "search for accommodation" and the "implementation of the ...
proposal". The employee may not have the initial duty to originate a solution, but
must "facilitate the search" for that solution. In my view, that obligation to facilitate
necessarily includes an obligation on the part of the employee to identify his/her
restrictions, and the need to accommodated, and must include keeping the employer
apprised of one's status and ability to perform work, or modified work. It is difficult
to see how the employer can meet its duty to accommodate, or determine if the
employee can be accommodated without undue hardship through, for example,
giving the employee a different assignment, or by changes to the nature and design of
the workplace, if the employer is not aware of the needs of the employee which must
be accommodated.
[34] The union presented a number of arbitration awards where it had been held that the
employer was in breach by failing to accommodate the grievor in a timely fashion. Union
counsel referred to the length of delay in those cases which led to the finding of breach.
However, whether the time period taken to accommodate an employee is unreasonable must
necessarily depend on the particular facts of each case. In this regard, the nature of the
employee's disability, the duties and responsibilities of the position held by the employee, the
nature and the timing of the medical information as to the restrictions resulting from the
disability provided to the employer, whether suitable accommodation is readily available having
regard to the nature of the employer's operation, the level of cooperation and participation on the
part of the employee and his or her trade union in the accommodation effort, and the
sophistication and experience of the employer in accommodation issues, are all relevant
considerations.
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[35] It is not suggested by the union, and the evidence does not indicate, that the employer at
any time questioned the fact that the grievor needed accommodation, or that it resisted the
grievor's request for accommodation. The union's contention is that the employer did not treat
the grievor's need for accommodation seriously and that as a result the accommodation took an
unreasonable length of time to be achieved.
[36] The union's position is that the employer took an unreasonable time to arrange an
ergonomic assessment from the time the grievor first requested one. Based on the evidence, I
have concluded that the grievor's first request was conveyed on August 15, 1007. The
ergonomic assessment took place on November 6, 2007. Thus the assessment was done some
211z months after the grievor's request. The question is whether this passage of time was
unreasonable, and if so, whether the delay was due to indifference or fault on the employer's
part, so as to constitute a failure to comply with its duty to accommodate.
[37] In this regard the union submitted that even if the grievor did not make a direct request
for an ergonomic assessment until August 15, 2007, the employer should have made changes to
the grievor's work station earlier, based on the April 2001 ergonomic recommendations that had
been made with respect to the audit office in Ottawa. It was argued that the fact that Ms.
McLaughlin chose to forward this document to the grievor in July 2007 indicates that at this time
she was aware that some of those recommendations, particularly those relating to the height of
desks, were applicable to the grievor. I find it unreasonable for the union on the one hand to
fault the employer for not conducting an ergonomic assessment on the grievor's workstation
specifically, and at the same time to contend that the employer should have proceeded to make
changes to her work station, acting on recommendations made with respect to a different office
some six years earlier. I place no significance on that evidence. This is more so, because the
grievor had not at this time presented any medical evidence to the employer suggesting that her
problems were related to her work station. The duty to accommodate does not obligate an
employer to do such an assessment merely because an employee who is disabled requests one.
That obligation is triggered only where the employer is provided medical substantiation that the
grievor's difficulties are related to her work station. In the present case, not only did the grievor
fail to provide any medical evidence to the employer suggesting the need for an ergonomic
assessment of her work station, on July 12, 2007 the WSIB had concluded, following an
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ergonomic assessment of the grievor's work station, that the grievor's problems were not work
related.
[38] The evidence is clear and undisputed that the first medical support for an ergonomic
assessment of the grievor's work station was contained in Dr. Almond's letter dated October 1,
2007, which was not received by the employer until October 25, 2007. Even that letter did not
recommend that an assessment be done urgently before the grievor returned to work. Instead, it
suggested such an assessment in order "to assist her recovery and prevent further issues", after
the grievor returns to work under the restrictions set out by her physiotherapist. Nevertheless,
within two weeks of the receipt of that doctor's suggestion, the ergonomic assessment took place
on November 6th, 2007 and the report was obtained on November 25th.
[39] It is true, as the grievor testified, that the employer could have requested the grievor for
medical substantiation as soon as she requested an assessment in mid-August 2007. That likely
would have expedited the process. However, its failure to take that initiative cannot be the basis
of a finding that it failed to comply with its duty to accommodate. The law is clear that the
initial obligation is on the employee to provide the medical information supporting a request for
accommodation. In Re Sobeys Inc., [2008], 92 C.L.A.S. 270 (Reilly) at p. 2, the arbitrator
wrote:
Irrespective of the submissions made by the Grievor regarding the confusion
surrounding his WSIB claim and the extent of his physical limitations, it is clear that
he failed in his obligation to provide the Employer with clear and concise medical
information with respect to the extent of his medical restrictions and physical
limitations. It is not enough for an employee to state that he or she is in need of
accommodation and expect the Employer to know exactly what work is within his or
her ability. An employer, in most cases, need not accommodate an employee to
modified employment unless the extent of the accommodation required is properly
documented and confirmed. It makes abundant sense that an Employer is made
aware of the extent of an employee's physical limitations and then considers and
applies same when assigning duties; to do otherwise would only invite re-injury. I
therefore find no merit to the grievance as argued and it is therefore dismissed.
[40] Similarly in Re Dashwood Industries, (2007) 161 L.A.C. (4th) 124 (Barrett) at p. 128, the
arbitrator states:
Where accommodation is sought, the employee is required to provide a minimum
of sufficient information to explain the employee's restrictions, and the nature of
accommodation sought. If the employee fails to meet this initial obligation, the
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allegation of discrimination, and of violation of the collective agreement, cannot
succeed.
[41] I find that In this case the employer's failure to explicitly request the gnevor for
supporting medical information, in any event, must be viewed in light of the knowledge it had
since July 12, 2007, that following an ergonomic assessment of the grievor's work station the
WSIB had concluded that her medical issues were not work related. Its failure to take the
initiative by requesting for medical substantiation to pursue a further assessment cannot be seen
as indifference to its duty to accommodate. As soon as the grievor met her obligation by
providing some medical support for her request, the employer took prompt action and the
assessment took place within two weeks.
[42] The evidence is that the ergonomic report was received by the employer on November
25, 2007. The recommendations were implemented on January 31, 2008. The union suggested
that without waiting for the formal report from the ergonomist, the employer should have acted
upon the grievor's e-mail dated November 7, 2007, outlining the recommendations likely to be
included in the report. The grievor based this information on verbal comments made by the
ergonomist while carrying out the assessment. I find that it was not unreasonable for the
employer to not take any steps, which would necessarily involve time and/or money, until the
report it had paid for was received. This is more so considering that the report itself was issued
injust over two weeks. While many of the recommendations the grievor had anticipated were in
fact included in the report, the employer would have had no assurance at the time, that would be
so. Besides, the grievor's outline was very general, while the report recommended items with
detailed specifications and particular brands and models. If Ms. McLaughlin had purchased
items based on the grievor's e-mail, those items may not have met the detailed specifications
contained in the report.
[43] I also attach no significance to the evidence that the grievor informed Ms. McLaughlin
that the chair was available on line locally. It is not reasonable to expect individual managers,
particularly in government, to go shopping for items needed for accommodation of employees.
That would not only be cumbersome, it would lead to concerns of potential abuse and misuse of
public funds. Particularly for a public sector employer, it is reasonable to resort to a transparent
procedure, at least initially. In any event, the evidence does not substantiate any wrong-doing on
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Ms. McLaughlin's part, even if it is assumed that she had an obligation to pursue the grievor's
suggestion. The evidence is that she attempted to follow up with the grievor. She promptly e-
mailed the grievor requesting information required for ordering of the chair on line. Instead of
providing that information, the grievor requested the ergonomist to assist Ms. McLaughlin. By
the time Mr. Watson provided Ms. McLaughlin with the information (he only informed that
Lowerys carry Steel case products, not the particular chair), Ms. McLaughlin had been advised
that the chair had been ordered and schedule to arrive in Markham the previous day. Therefore,
little or no time would have been saved, if Ms. McLaughlin had pursued Mr. Watson's lead at
that stage.
[44] The evidence establishes that while Ms. McLaughlin forwarded the Ergonomic Report to
the FMU promptly upon its release on November 25, 207, Ms. Baynham essentially sat on it
until December 27, 2007. Ms. Baynham testified that she was quite busy at the time and also
had a few days off. However, she candidly admitted during cross-examination that had she been
aware of the urgency, that the supplies were needed in order to return an employee who was off
sick back to work, she could, and would, have given it priority. She would have "put a rush" on
those orders. She also agreed that if she had done that, she could have got the order in to the
Markham supplier before the Christmas shut down, and that the chair likely would have been
delivered by the end of the first week of January 2008.
[45] It appears from the evidence that this delay was primarily the result of a flaw in the
procedure in place for requisitioning supplies needed for accommodation of employees. The
evidence is that material and supplies required by managers routinely to furnish and equip
offices, as well as supplies required for accommodation of disabled employees are requisitioned
using the same documentation. Ms. Baynham testified that the requisitioning documentation is
not designed in such a way so as to allow managers to advise that the items in question are
required for accommodation purposes or to return an employee who is off sick back to work.
[46] Ms. Baynham, however, also testified that it was not unusual for managers to inform her
that for various reasons, including the accommodation of a disabled employee, supplies were
urgently required. In these circumstances, Ms. Baynham would give those requisitions priority.
She agreed that if Ms. McLaughlin had informed her that the items were required urgently to
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accommodate an employee who was off, she would have treated that order with urgency and the
items likely would have been delivered three weeks earlier.
[47] I have set out the evidence relating to the time period that elapsed between the acquisition
of the items required for the grievor's accommodation on January 31 st 2008 and the return of the
grievor to work on February 25th. As noted, the grievor returned to work within four days of the
return to work meeting. The delay was in the scheduling of the return to work meeting. The
evidence is that it was the union that insisted that a return to work meeting cannot be held until
all of the required items were in place. No evidence was adduced as to why a return to work
plan could not be discussed while waiting for the delivery of the items. In any event, the
evidence is that Ms. McLaughlin was prepared to meet earlier. When the items were in place,
Ms. McLaughlin was very flexible. She was prepared to travel from Ottawa to Thunder Bay for
the meeting, at the convenience of the union and the grievor. A meeting was fixed for January
25th, but was cancelled at the grievor's request. Then the union representative agreed to meet on
February 12, but later indicated that he was not available until February 21st. The Board
understands that there likely were justifiable reasons why the grievor and/or the union were not
available until February 21 st to meet. However, given the position advanced by the grievor and
the union that they were desirous of returning to work urgently and their allegation that the
employer was not acting fast enough, one would expect them to demonstrate a greater sense of
urgency in scheduling the meeting earlier than they did. A significant delay resulted from their
unavailability to meet earlier.
[48] Approximately sixteen weeks elapsed between the date of release of the ergonomic report
(November 25,2007) and the grievor's ultimate return to work on February 25, 2008. Of those
sixteen weeks, three weeks of delay could have been avoided by the employer. That is, had Ms.
McLaughlin indicated to the FMU that the items were urgently required for accommodation of
an employee, the process would have been expedited by three weeks. The other thirteen weeks
of delay did not result from any fault on the part of the employer.
[49] In all of the circumstances of this case, I do not find in the first place that a time period
taken to return the grievor to work from the time medical information was first received
suggesting that the grievor's problems may be related to her work station, was excessive.
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Moreover, only a small portion of the total delay is attributable to the employer. The evidence
indicates that if the employer had done everything perfectly, the grievor would likely have
returned to work three weeks earlier than she did. However, the duty to accommodate does not
obligate the employer to be perfect. It is required only to be reasonable. In all of the
circumstances I do not find that the employer acted unreasonably so as to justify a finding that it
failed to comply with its duty to accommodate the grievor in a timely manner.
[50] The Board appreciates the frustration of the grievor about her inability to return to work
earlier. The Board also sympathises with the grievor with respect to the financial hardship that
may have resulted from her inability to return to work earlier. However, the evidence does not
substantiate a finding that Ms. McLaughlin did not treat the grievor's accommodation seriously,
as the union suggests. To the contrary, she did not resist or challenge the grievor's claim that she
had a disability or her request for accommodation. Immediately upon receiving a suggestion
from the grievor's physician that her problems may be related to the ergonomics of her work
station she took action. Her failure to explicitly indicate that the items were required urgently,
when seen in light of all of her other actions in support of the grievor's accommodation, does not
justify a finding that she showed indifference to the grievor's need for accommodation. While
she may have not done everything perfectly, overall her conduct was not unreasonable so as to
constitute a contravention of the duty to accommodate.
[51] As a result, I conclude that there was no breach of the duty to accommodate and the
instant grievance is hereby dismissed.
Dated at Toronto this 21 st day of January 2011.