HomeMy WebLinkAboutP-2007-0407.Berenbaum.11-03-15 Decision
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P-2007-0407
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE PUBLIC SERVICE ACT
Before
THE PUBLIC SERVICE GRIEVANCE BOARD
BETWEEN
Complainant
Fred Berenbaum
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Labour)
Employer
BEFORE.DWKOHHQ*2¶1HLOVice-Chair
COMPLAINANT
Fred Berenbaum
FOR THE
Ron Chyczij
COMPLAINANT
FOR THE EMPLOYERJennifer Richards
Ministry of Government Services
Labour Practice Group
Counsel
HEARINGS
November 9, 2009, June 14 and
September 23, 2010.
Decision
[1]7KLVGHFLVLRQGHDOVZLWKWKHHPSOR\HU¶VSUeliminary objections, in which it asks for
the dismissal of the grievance of Fred Berenbaum, a Senior Review Officer with the
Pay Equity Commission. There are three aspects to the grievance, all related to
changes in his pay. The employer objects to two features of the grievance on the
basis that they deal with pay-for-performance. To the extent that the grievor is
complaining about retroactive implementation of changes to the employer's pay-for-
performance policy, the employer also takes the position that there is no prima facie
case for the remedy requested. All aspects of the grievance are objected to as
untimely. The grievor disagrees with the emSOR\HU¶VSRVLWLRQDQGDVNVWKH%RDUGWR
hear the whole grievance on its merits.
Background/Facts
[2]After unsuccessful attempts to resolve this complaint at mediation, this matter was set
down for hearing on November 9, 2009, but was adjourned as the grievor had had
OLWWOHQRWLFHRIWKHHPSOR\HU¶Vpreliminary objections. On the two subsequent dates of
hearing, evidence and argument on the employeU¶VSUHOLPLQDU\REMHFWLRQVZHUHKHDUG
[3]On a motion such as this the facts alleged LQWKHJULHYRU¶VDSSOLFDWLRQDUHFRQVLGHUHG
true and provable, although, at a hearing, based on the evidence, the findings might be
different. In addition, both parties called viva voce evidence for the purposes of the
preliminary motion. There does not appear to be much disagreement on the facts,
although there are important differences as to the legal significance of those facts. A
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brief overview follows here, elaborated as necessary further on, in the sections
dealing with each of the issues necessary toWKHGLVSRVLWLRQRIWKHHPSOR\HU¶VPRWLRQ
[4]Mr. Berenbaum has been a Review Officer for the Pay Equity Commission since
1989. Between 1990 and December 31, 2001, his job was classified and paid as ALR
20. As of January 1, 2002, he and the other Review Officers were classified as ALR
21. The employer takes the position that this was a reclassification effective January
1, 2002, as announced in a letter dated December 19, 2001 to Mr. Berenbaum to that
HIIHFW%\FRQWUDVWLWLVWKHJULHYRU¶Vposition that it was not a true reclassification,
but an agreed wage increase flowing from a confidential settlement of a pay equity
complaint lodged by a group of Review Officers concerning their own salary, which
should be considered to have taken place at an earlier date, such as the date each
Review Officer started in the job.
[5]I note that there were concerns raised at the hearing about evidence about the
confidential settlement, and whether the Board should defer to the Pay Equity
Hearings Tribunal for any questions of enforcement or interpretation of that
settlement. It is my considered view that it is not necessary to deal with that issue
here. Rather, for the purposes of this motion, the assertion that the Review Officers
received pay which reflected a retroactive reclassification to the date of their entry
into the Review Officer position, as if it was correcting a misclassification since
1990, is simply assumed true and provable. This means that it is not germane to this
PRWLRQWRDQVZHUWKHHPSOR\HU¶VTXHVWLRQVGXring argument as to how there can be a
- 4 -
mistake, if it is conceded that the confidential settlement was implemented correctly,
or how we are to know that the retroactive pay was not in satisfaction of some claim
for damages, or other aspect of the pay equity complaint, without delving into the
confidential settlement.
[6]As a result of the above settlement, the ReYLHZ2IILFHUV¶VDODULHVZHUHUHFDOFXODWHG
and retroactive payments were made in September 2002. In the spring of 2003, the
grievor was informed that there had been an overpayment to him in those retroactive
payments of more than $1300, which was eventually deducted from his pay between
September and December 2003. The grievor objected to these deductions, and
complains that he never had a proper explanation for them or of the nature of the
error.
[7]During the same fiscal year as the settlement of the pay equity complaint, the
employer introduced new rules concerning pay-for-performance, including the
beginning of a transition to remuneration based solely on performance, for employees
such as the grievor in the Management Compensation Plan. As Ms. Risa Caplan,
Corporate Compensation Specialist, explained in her evidence, the transitional rules
provided that the portion of the grievor's compensation which flowed from pay-for-
performance in the fiscal year 2001/2002 was prorated from the date the change in
salary flowing from the reclassification of his position was realized, i.e. January 1,
2002. The change was treated as a promotion in place for pay purposes. It was her
evidence that, for the purposes of the transition rules according to which the pay-for-
- 5 -
performance awards were delivered for that fiscal year, the reason for the re-
classification would not have mattered. She also underlined that the context in which
the terms and conditions of employment for non-bargaining unit employees such as
the grievor are set is a unilateral one, i.e. the terms are not negotiated with employees
covered by the Management Compensation Plan such as the Review Officers.
[8]In its compensation policies applicable to the fiscal year 2003/2004, the employer
completed the transition to a system where increases for those in the Management
Compensation Plan are only based on performance. Salary ranges were adjusted so
that there is potential for higher earning, but individuals no longer receive any
automatic or across-the-board increases. These changes were announced in 2005, and
applied retroactively. Amounts that had been earlier paid out in lump sums were re-
characterized as representing movement on the salary grid, to the grievor, an
unanticipated change to the structure of his pay.
An evidentiary ruling
[9]During the course of the evidence on the preliminary objection, the grievor's
representative asked for disclosure of the Cabinet documents which authorized the
terms and conditions of employment in regards to pay-for-performance. It was
argued that they were necessary to see whether the rules that had been applied were
consistent with the Orders-In-Council which authorized them. It was argued that
Cabinet might, for instance, only have authorized the concept of pay for performance,
- 6 -
but not the rules for treatment of promotions applied in this case. The employer
resisted the production of these documents as not relevant to the motion and
potentially privileged. As well, counsel stressed that the idea that the transitional
rules applied to the grievor were not properly authorized was not part of the
grievance.
[10]I declined to order the production of these documents on the basis that they were not
probative of the issues before me. It is true, as employer counsel argued, that there no
suggestion in the grievance that the rules applied were unauthorized. Moreover, I
was not persuaded that the additional documentation would assist in deciding whether
the grievance as particularized fell within the jurisdiction of the Board or was
untimely. The issues at the moment are jurisdiction and timeliness and not the merits
of the complaint, which would deal with the question as to whether or not there had
been a breach of the terms and conditionsRIWKHJULHYRU¶VHPSOR\PHQWDQGLI
necessary, what those terms and conditions were.
Does the grievance contain a complaint about pay-for-performance?
[11]The grievor's application to the board complains that he only received 25% of his
pay-for-performance award for the fiscal year 2001/2002, and that the
implementation of the employer's pay-for-performance policy for the fiscal year
2003/2004 was done retroactively. The Employer takes the position that these two
aspects of the application filed by the grievor are beyond the jurisdiction of the board
as related to pay-for-performance. The grievor maintains that his complaint is about a
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mistake as to the date of the reclassification of his position which affected how the
pay-for-performance rules were implemented, and not about the percentage award or
the method of evaluation, and thus should be considered within the board's
jurisdiction.
[12]7KHHPSOR\HU¶VPRWLRQPDNHVUHIHUHQce to Section 31(4) of Regulation 977
(repealed), in force when the grievor filed his grievance on April 3, 2006, which
provides as follows:
«
(4) No grievance shall include a complaint in respect of the following
matters:
1. A complaint that a position should be classified.
2. A complaint that a position is in the wrong classification.
3. A complaint relating to a release from employment under subsection
22 (4.1) of the Act.
4. A complaint regarding the method of evaluating an employee's
performance.
5. A complaint regarding the evaluation of an employee's performance.
6. A complaint regarding the compensation provided or denied to an
employee as a result of the evaluation of his or her performance.
(Italics added)
[13]The issue to be determined is whether orQRWWKHWZRDVSHFWVRI0U%HUHQEDXP¶V
grievance described above should be considered to fall under paragraph 6 of s. 31(4)
of the Regulation. Is he complaining about the compensation provided or denied to
him as a result of the evaluation of his or her performance?
[14]The employer's position is that a straightforward reading of his complaint shows that
he is. Pay-for-performance is the term thatWKHSDUWLHVXVHWRUHIHUWRWKHHPSOR\HU¶V
- 8 -
system for providing compensation as the UHVXOWRIWKHHYDOXDWLRQRIHPSOR\HHV¶
performance. I am invited to find that when the grievor complains that his pay-for-
performance award should not have been prorated in 2001/2002 or determined
retroactively for 2003/2004, he is complaining entirely about matters regarding pay
resulting from the evaluation of his or her performance. Employer counsel concedes
for the purposes of this motion that the Review Officer job did not undergo a typical
reclassification. The employer does not concede any other of thHJULHYRU¶VSRLQWV
e.g. that the change from ALR 20 to ALR 21 was not properly regarded as a
reclassification, even if an atypical one, which occurred on the date of the salary
change upwards, or that an atypical reclassification makes the claim one that is not
related to pay-for-performance.
[15]Counsel refers to the evidence which established that the employer published a salary
directive and transitional procedures which clearly state that a reclassification would
be treated in the same manner as a promotion. The fiscal year 2001/2002 was the last
one in which employees had individual anniversary dates on which they received any
merit increases to which they were entitled. Starting April 1, 2002, all employees in
the Management Compensation Plan were to have a common annual performance
review date of April 1. For the transition year, 2001/2002, the employer policy
provided for pro-rating based on the time period from the date of the last merit
increase to March 31, 2002. Similarly, in the case of promotion or reclassification,
the employee was eligible for a prorated performance award from the date of
promotion or reclassification. The employer invites a finding that the grievor was
- 9 -
bound by the operating procedure to the effect that his pay-for-performance award
would be prorated when promoted or re-classified. Moreover, the employer takes the
position that the rationale and language behind the reclassification is irrelevant for the
purposes of the pay-for-performance rules. The Review Officers moved from one
classification to another, there being no other way to get from ALR 20 to 21, which
DPRXQWVWRDUHFODVVLILFDWLRQLQWKHHPSOR\HU¶Vview. The fact that it is a bit of an
anomaly does not matter to the anDO\VLVLQWKHHPSOR\HU¶VYLHZ
[16]Cases relied on by the employer in terms of their argument on jurisdiction were the
following:Gary Sumner et al and the Crown in Right of Ontario (Ministry of Health
and Long-term Care)36*%3HWF$XJXVW
- 10 -
[17] In addition to the above submission, the employer makes a second line of argument to
the effect that there is no prima facie case for the portion of the complaint related to
the fiscal year 2004/2005. Employer counsel argues that the grievance amounts to a
claim for a 2% across-the-Board increase, which should clearly be dismissed as the
Board has already dealt with the issue of notice and the potential for retroactive
changes to non-bargaining unit classifications in the Pedder and Sumner decisions,
cited above. The employer maintains that the evidence is clear the employer alone is
responsible for determining any changes to compensation, and the timing of those
changes for employees, such as the grievor, who are not covered by a collective
bargaining agreement. The employer's position is that, since the employer has not
provided any term or condition of their employment such as the ones the grievor says
was breached, there is no primafacie case for the Board to remedy.
[18] In other words, the employer argues that there is no contractual promise, term or
condition of employment that the grievor would receive the money he claims he is
owed, and therefore there is an insufficient basis for his grievance to succeed. Since
the board cannot set salaries or terms and conditions of employment, the employer
maintains that no prima facie case of breach of existing terms and conditions of
employment has been established so that this portion of the grievance should be
dismissed on that basis as well. Reference is made to the Woodward. Younger, and
Tvrrell decisions, cited above, in support of this submission.
- 11 -
[19] By contrast, the grievor asks that the matter be heard on its merits. Addressing the
jurisdictional issue, the grievor says he does not see this as a matter of pay-for-
performance. Rather, it is about how and why the reclassification occurred. He noted
undisputed differences in how the raising of the Review Officer's pay was treated, as
compared to the normal process for reclassification, i.e. a higher percentage increase
than normal promotion or reclassification, no process of re-evaluation initiated by the
employer or the Review Officers, and a different method of moving the officers to the
salary grid of the higher classification. He argues from these differences from the
usual reclassification, that the increase in compensation should not be treated as the
normal reclassification envisioned by the employer's transitional rules for pay-for-
performance.
[20] Turning to the wording of section 31 (4) of the Regulation, set out above, the grievor
maintains that he is not arguing about the evaluation, the method of evaluation or the
result. He was happy with the percentage awarded him as a result of his performance
evaluation, but maintains he did not receive what he was awarded. His complaint is
about the implementation of the award. To say that he cannot grieve a mistake is
ridiculous, in the grievor's view. This is especially so in light of the fact that the
employer says it made a mistake in paying out the retroactivity of the Pay Equity
settlement and that they say they can go back and fix that. It is the grievor's position
that the employer also made a mistake in the implementation of his pay-for-
performance award, in misinterpreting the salary change resulting from the settlement
of the pay equity complaint.
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[21] Mr. Berenbaum clarified that he is not arguing that the settlement was not
implemented correctly according to its terms. Rather, it is his position that the
employer erred in treating the job as if it had been reclassified according to the
normal procedure in January 2002. In essence, the grievor's position is that the
correct approach would have been to view the job as if it had been properly classified
since 1990 at the higher level. Alternatively, he sees it as a pay equity adjustment
rather than a reclassification.
[22] The grievor maintains that he is objecting to the pay denied to him as a result of an
error about the effective date of the reclassification of the Review Officer rather than
about the pay denied as a result of the evaluation of his performance, as he would be
if he were saying, for example, that he deserved a higher percentage rating of his
performance. In other words, he is maintaining that the chain of causation leading to
the denial of a non-pro-rated pay-for-performance award flows from a mistake about
the classification date, rather than from the evaluation of his performance, and is
therefore not caught by the Regulation.
[23] The grievor submits that January 1,2002 was likely a date agreed to for convenience
to allow the calculation of retroactivity and adjustment of the salary in confirmation
of the settlement for Review Officers with a variety of start dates in the position. In
any event, in the grievor's view, the date of the pay adjustment is not significant for
reclassification purposes because of retroactivity which was paid back to dates earlier
than January 1,2002, in fact well before the fiscal year 2001/2002. The significance
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of this for his argument is that, if the reclassification had been made on any date prior
to April 1, 2001, the first date in the fiscal year used for the calculation of the pay-for-
performance award, there would have been no pro-rating of the award on the basis of
a reclassification during that fiscal year. Further, the grievor notes that the pay equity
adjustment was retroactive to 1990 and the settlement had nothing to do with the new
rules for pay-for-performance, which were implemented long after the settlement.
[24] The grievor finds the Board's decisions dismissing complaints on the basis oflack of
jurisdiction over pay-for-performance relied on by the employer as not relevant
because he maintains he is not grieving pay-for-performance but pay on assignment.
* * *
[25] No matter how one views the argument about the date of the reclassification, two
things are clear. In real time, rather than any retrospective re-characterization which
mayor may not have been done in the confidential settlement, the grievor's pay
treatment changed on January 1,2002, so that he started to be paid the wages of a
higher-rated classification. The evidence is clear that, until the end of 2001, the
grievor was paid in the classification of ALR 20, and that, starting January 1,2002,
he was paid more as an ALR 21. There is no complaint that in 2002, at least, he was
not paid the correct amount of retroactivity or basic pay as an ALR21. Secondly,
what the grievor wants is to be paid a pay-for-performance award which is not pro-
rated. He wants the employer to pay him a larger amount of money as his pay-for-
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performance award. This very basic fact makes this a complaint about pay-for-
performance, or in the words of the regulation, a complaint about the "compensation
provided or denied to an employee as a result of the evaluation of his or her
performance". Over this, the Board has no jurisdiction.
[26] The grievor stresses that he is not complaining about the substance of the evaluation
of his performance, or the percentage rating. He is complaining about its
implementation, as he is convinced that there was a mistake in what he was paid, not
in how he was evaluated. His basic position is that he was evaluated in a way that
was worth twelve months of a pay-for-performance award, and he was only paid one-
quarter of that. Of course, the idea that an employee ought to be able to get a mistake
corrected is one that has very basic appeal. And for the purposes of this motion, the
grievor's assertion that the reclassification should have been considered to have taken
place prior to the fiscal year 2001/2002, and that the employer was factually mistaken
when it treated it as having occurred on January 1,2002, is assumed true and
provable. However, some mistakes, if mistake it was, have been removed from the
Board's purview to fix. Even if the Board were to be persuaded, on a hearing of the
merits of the grievance, that the employer had erred, the grievor has not demonstrated
how it could be within the Board's jurisdiction to award the grievor a larger pay-for-
performance award, given the wording of the Regulation, which effectively removes
elements related to pay-for-performance from the grievances over which the Board
has jurisdiction.
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[27] If the issue of when the grievor was reclassified was an aspect of his compensation
which was not integrally related to pay-for-performance, the Board could well have
jurisdiction over it, as there is no exclusion of jurisdiction over a factual finding of
whether the grievor was in fact re-classified on the first day he was paid as an ALR
21, January 1,2002, or some other date, such as a date which fell outside of the fiscal
year 2001/2002. However, the only reason the date matters to the grievor's claim is
because it would arguably change the calculation of his pay-for-performance award.
The evidence makes clear that the transitional rules about pro-rating were an integral
part of the delivery of pay- for-performance, especially in the year 2001/2002, when
the compensation scheme was moving from a merit pay scheme with individual
anniversary dates, to one where all employees in the management compensation plan
had a common date for pay-for-performance purposes. They were also, no doubt, an
integral part of costing pay-for-performance for the entire Management
Compensation Plan. The transitional rules in evidence make it clear that pay-for-
performance awards were pro-rated for others who had received a pay increase in the
previous fiscal year, such as people who had received a merit award in the previous
year, as well as for those who had been promoted or whose jobs were re-classified
upwards. Given the design of the transitional rules, I do not see a way to separate out
the issue relating to the timing of the re-classification from the subject of pay- for-
performance. Put another way, if one removes the portions of this grievance which
relate to the grievor's claim for a pay-for-performance award which was not pro-
rated, the issue about the date of the reclassification becomes irrelevant. In the result,
I am persuaded that the Board does not have the jurisdiction to hear the portion of the
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grievor's claim relating to his claim that there was a mistake when the employer
treated the date of the change in his compensation upwards as the date of his re-
classification for the purposes of its pay-for-performance calculations.
[28] The other aspect of the grievor's complaint which the employer says relates to pay-
for-performance reads as follows:
The implementation of the Employer's pay-for-performance policy in 2003-2004
has been done retroactively, which is a violation of standard labour relations
policy. The Employer has the right to change its policies, if it desires, but the
changes must be made prospectively, not retroactively. Notice ofthe change in
policy was only given in late 2005 (November or December), and therefore
cannot be applied to the 2003-2004 performance bonus. Nothing on the bonus
notification suggests it is anything but a lump sum bonus, payable for meeting
performance standards. There is no mention anywhere of it being applied to
future salary range revisions. The first notice of the change, as stated earlier,
came in late 2005.
I agree that this is essentially a complaint about pay-for-performance as well, as the
grievor is seeking additional compensation as remedy for what he claims is an
improper pay-for-performance policy, and thus also beyond the Board's jurisdiction.
[29] Further, and to the extent that one can separate out the general assertion that the
employer is not permitted to change its policies retroactively, i.e. the employer is
not permitted to later re-characterize money paid out as a lump sum as effective
movement on the salary range, this is an issue that has been the subject of a
previous award, Sumner, cited above, which dealt with requests similar to the
grievor's and those dealt with in the Pedder decision. The Board said the
following at pg. 10 of the Sumner decision:
The grievors also outlined the history of the Management Pay for Performance
Plan from 2001 onwards, which is not in dispute, but which does not form a basis
for the relief the grievors are seeking. It is clear that there were across-the-board
- 17 -
and automatic increases as well as performance awards during the earlier years of
the plan. However, the chronology does not form a sufficient basis to find that
the grievors could succeed in establishing that it was a term or condition of
employment that the employer would not retroactively introduce the type of
changes announced in late 2005. If anything, it confirms that the employer
routinely announced compensation changes for managers on a retroactive basis.
More specifically, there is nothing in that chronology, or the other material
before the Board, that provides a basis for a successful grievance based on the
idea that there was a past practice of providing automatic increases in a manner
which would cause the Board to find that it was a continuing term or condition of
employment that the grievors were entitled to a salary increase prior to and in
addition to pay increases based on the performance award. As employer counsel
noted, the amounts and percentages have varied, and the past practice includes
legislated periods of total pay freezes such as under The Social Contract Act.
While acknowledging that retroactive changes to the compensation plan are a
fact of life in the civil service, and that the employer has the right to make
changes to the compensation plan, the grievors assert that reasonable notice of
any change should be required, and that retroactive implementation should not
involve changing the characterization of money already paid out. Employer
counsel argued that there was no authority for the principle that the employer can
only do retroactive changes in the manner the grievors suggest, and that in the
end, the grievors are asking for exactly what the Pedder grievors were asking.
On balance, the Board agrees with the employer's submission, as there is nothing
in the material submitted that supports an obligation to implement changes only
in a prospective manner, or upon a certain amount of notice, or only in a way that
leaves lump sums characterized as lump sum payments rather than retroactive
salary. Much of the material submitted indicates instead that it has been a
longstanding feature of the managers' terms and conditions of employment that
pay increases are implemented and calculated retroactively and with a variety of
kinds of changes.
[30] Mr. Berenbaum did not rely on the history of the Management Compensation Plan for
his assertion that the employer did not have the right to make the same retroactive
changes as dealt with in Sumner. Instead he referred to standard labour relations
poli cy. In the ab sence of any specifi c i dentifi cati on of a term or condi ti on of hi s
employment which provides a prohibition against retroactive change, whether or not
in line with what the grievor sees as standard labour relations policy, the Board is of
the view, similar to the remarks set out above from the Sumner decision, that no
primafacie case has been made out on this aspect of the case. As in that decision, the
- 18 -
Board is not persuaded by the grievor' s arguments that a prima facie case has been
made out to the effect that it was a term or condition of employment that changes in
compensation would not be made retroactively, or only with some specific type of
notice.
Should the remainder of the comvlaint concerninf! recoverv of vortions of retroactive vav be
dismissed as untimelv?
[31] The remaining portion of the grievance relates to the grievor's disagreement with the
deduction of pay beginning September 11, 2003 and ending December 18, 2003.
These deductions related to what the employer claims was an overpayment in the
retroactive salary adjustments Review Officers received over two pay periods in
September, 2002. In March of 2003, the grievor and other Review Officers were
notified that the employer would be seeking recovery of the payments made in error.
Meetings were held with representatives of the employer to clear up the situation in
March, May and June, 2003. The grievor asserts that clarifying information remains
to be provided, as there is a discrepancy between what was taken and what allegedly
should have been taken, and there has been no explanation about how the error
happened, what the error was, or why it took so long to discover.
[32] The employer asks that this remaining portion of the grievance dated April 4, 2006,
be dismissed as untimely. Counsel notes that the language of Regulation 977 makes
clear that the grievance had to be filed within 14 days of becoming aware of the issue,
which at the very latest was September 2003, when the deductions actually started.
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The grievor disagrees, and argues that the employer has waived its right to make this
objection by its own delay in objecting.
[33] Section 34 (1) of Regulation 977 (repealed), in effect at the time of the grievance,
provides as follows:
34. (1) A person described in subsection (2) who is aggrieved about a working
condition or term of his or her employment may file a grievance with his or her
deputy within 14 days after becoming aware of the working condition or term of
employment giving rise to the grievance. O. Reg. 168/96, s. 6 (1).
[34] In support of its request, the employer referred to the following case law where
grievances have been dismissed as untimely: Charles Rice and the Crown in Right of
Ontario (Ministrv of Community and Social Services), PSGB# P-2006-2687,
February 19,2008 (Leighton); Nancv Marshall and the Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministrv of Health and Long-term Care), PSGB# P-2004-2738, November 8,2005
(O'Neil); Coccia and the Crown in Right of Ontario ( Ministrv of Community Safety
and Correctional Services), PSGB# P-2003-3552, July 26, 2005 (Leighton); Gordon
Campbell and the Crown in Right of Ontario (Ontario Realty Corporation), PSGB#
P/0032/99, July 26, 2001 (Leighton); Bruce Kroeger and the Crown in Right of
Ontario (Ministrv of the Solicitor General and Correctional Services), PSGB#
P/0060/99, March 18, 1999 (Willes); (OPSEU) Szabo and the Crown in Right of
Ontario (Ontario Realty Corporation), GSB# 1811/98, February 19,2001 (Herlich);
(OPSEU) Smith et al and the Crown in Rif!ht of Ontario (Ministrv of Communi tv and
Social Services), GSB# 2006-2107,2006-2379, June 2,2008 (Gray).
- 20-
[35] As the grievor knew there was a live issue almost three years before he grieved, it is
clear that the grievor did not meet the time limits of the Regulation. Counsel urges
the Board not to exercise its discretion to relieve against this delay. Counsel
acknowledges the factors to consider as to whether to exercise discretion to extend
the time limits are those set out in the Becker Milk Companv Ltd and Teamsters
Union, Local 647 , (1978) 19 L.AC. (3d) 217 (Burkett) and Greater Niagara General
Hospital and ONA. (1981) 1 L.AC. (3d) 1 (Schiff), relied on in the above-noted
case law. These relate to the reasons for the delay, the length of the delay and
prejudice to the employer.
[36] The reasons given for the delay in this matter are that the grievor was trying to
resolve things internally with the employer, and did not want to escalate the matter to
a grievance unnecessarily. As well, he testified that he understood that the time limits
ran from when he received an answer that the employer was not willing to resolve the
matter, and so he grieved within 14 days of the e-mail which made clear that the
employer considered the discussions at an end. I agree with employer counsel that
these are not reasons which have generally been considered sufficient to excuse delay
of significant length, and that the time lines run from the date of awareness of the
facts giving rise to the dispute. The Szabo and Smith decisions, cited above, are two
examples of decisions supporting those principles.
[37] As to the length of the delay, employer counsel notes that the grievor waited for
almost 3 years to file, a delay much longer than many of the above-noted cases in
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which the Board has dismissed, even for much more serious issues such as a
discharge. Waiting several years to collect a number of issues relating to his pay is
not a practice that should be encouraged, in the employer's submission, as resolving
issues expeditiously is important for relations with excluded employees. I agree with
that submission as well.
[38] As to prejudice to the employer, and although the delay occurred at the outset of the
grievance process, I am not persuaded that this is a significant factor in this case. The
matter complained of, which is essentially the lack of justification offered for the
deduction of pay over a number of months, is not one that will likely suffer greatly
from the fact that memories fade over time. The issue relates to what are likely well
documented pay changes, and there was no suggestion that those records no longer
exist, or that there would not be a witness available to testify to their meaning. As
well, there was no evidence that any of the employer's representatives thought the
grievor had abandoned his objection, or any reason to infer that from the mostly
undisputed evidence about the course of dealing with the grievor concerning the
issues raised.
[39] As a matter of the exercise of discretion according to the usual factors,
notwithstanding the fact that prejudice to the employer does not appear a large factor,
there are certainly not compelling grounds to extend time limits. However, as noted
above, the grievor argues that the employer has waived its right to object on the basis
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of timeliness because it dealt with him over the course of a number of years without
raising any such objection.
[40] The grievor relies on Ontario Public Service Emplovees Union v. Ontario (Ministrv
of Community Safety and Correctional Services) -Union grievance re "Max Plus
Merit", 2005 CanLII 55200 (ON G.S.B.) (Herlich) concerning waiver and
International Lanf!uaf!e Schools of Canada v. Ontario Secondarv School Teachers
Federation, District 34,2005 CanLII 40172 (ON L.A) for the proposition that the
employer should have objected at its earliest opportunity.
[41] In the Grievance Settlement Board's decision on waiver relied on by the grievor, the
Board quotes the following summary of the concept in an earlier decision of the
Board Fung/Anand GSB # 1989-1798 (Stewart) as follows:
The principle that these cases establish is that an objection based on non-
compliance with time limits is waived when there has been a failure to raise the
objection in a timely manner, and the taking of a fresh step prior to raising the
objection...
[42] The grievor had conversations with representatives of management about his issues,
trying to settle the matter, and filed his notice of grievance on April 3, 2006, less than
two weeks after he was advised they considered the matter closed. Two grievance
meetings followed in July, 2006, and Mr. Berenbaum testified that the employer did
not object on the basis of timeliness at the grievance hearings. On the following April
27,2007, the grievor received a letter from the employer's designee saying the
grievance had been denied, in which no mention was made of time limits. This
complaint was filed with the Board shortly thereafter on May 2, 2007. He said it was
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unclear whether he had received the employer's response within the time limits
applying to the employer, as he was not objecting on the basis of time lines.
[43] The grievor testified and argued that the employer participated at each step without
raising any issue of timeliness until the first day of hearing on November 9,2009,
over three years after he had filed his grievance. Employer counsel suggested to him
in cross-examination that the matter of time limits had been raised at one of the
grievance meetings. The grievor did not recall that and said if there was any mention,
it was as a future possibility, but there was never any notice to that effect before
former counsel to the employer raised it in 2009 at the first hearing date. Nor was
there ever any attempt to bring the grievance procedure to a halt. The employer did
not bring any evidence to establish that it had raised the issue, either orally or in
writing, before the first hearing date, when the issue was clearly raised. In these
circumstances, it is my finding that the employer did not raise the matter in a timely
manner, and that the concept of waiver as described in the above-cited jurisprudence,
is applicable. In sum, I find that, the employer dealt with the grievor on its merits for
almost three years, and took several "fresh steps" after the submission of the
grievance, without objection to the grievor's delay in grieving. These include
conducting grievance meetings in 2006, replying to the grievance in 2007, and
participating in setting the matter down for mediation in 2007 and 2008, and for
arbitration in 2009. In doing so, I find the employer has waived its right to object on
the basis of timeliness. Accordingly, I find that the portion of the grievance related to
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the employer's recovery of the overpayment in 2003 may proceed, despite the lengthy
passage of time, for which there is shared responsibility.
Summarv
[44] In the result, for the reasons set out above, it is the Board's finding that the portions
of the grievance relating to the pro-rating of the grievor's pay-for-performance award
relating to the fiscal year 2001/2002, and the retroactive implementation of the
employer's pay-for-performance policy applicable to the fiscal year 2003/2004 are
dismissed as falling outside the Board's jurisdiction. By contrast, the portion related
to the deduction of pay in 2003 may proceed to a hearing on the merits, as I have
found that the employer has effectively waived its right to object to the timeliness of
this grievance.
Dated at Toronto this 15th day of March 2011.
G. O'Neil, Vice-Chair