HomeMy WebLinkAboutUnion 02-04-10
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
BETWEEN:
ONTARIO PROPERTY ASSESSMENT CORPORATION
AND:
ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES' UNION
AND IN THE MATTER OF A POLICY GRIEVANCE - ARTICLE 10
O.B. SHIME, a.c. CHAIRPERSON
R.J. GALLIVAN NOMINEE FOR THE CORPORATION
PAMELA MUNT-MADILL NOMINEE FOR THE UNION
APPEARANCES:
ROBERT W. LITTLE
COUNSEL, and others
for the Corporation
KRISTIN A. ELIOT
COUNSEL, and others
for the Union
A hearing was held in this matter at Toronto, Ontario
on January 3D, 2002
AWARD
On May 24th, 2001, in a letter to employees, Mr. R.A. Richard, the President and Chief
Administrative Officer of the Employer, informed all employees that there was going to be a change
in the organization to focus on new priorities, implement new technologies, and streamline business
processes and that would introduce a measure of uncertainty. As a result of the changes, some
employees would be affected, and more particularly fewer positions might be required in some
areas so that it might be necessary to declare some employees surplus.
As a result of the proposed changes, approximately 29 identical, alleged group grievances
were filed throughout the province within a three week period claiming that the Employer had
violated the health and safety provisions of the Collective Agreement and the Health and Safety
Act by its "proposed restructuring" and its impact on the health of the employees. All the
grievances request that the Employer cease and desist from implementlng any of the "proposed
changes". On June 22nd, 2001, Mr. Greg J. Volkes, Employee Relations Consultant for the
Employer, wrote to Ms. Anne Lee, the District Grievance Officer for the Union, as follows:
I have received several group grievances filed from several OPAC workplaces, with identical wording
and I continue to receive them almost on a daily basis. During the week of June 25 I will compile a
list of OPAC workplaces in which the grievances were filed and I will notify you of such. At that time
we can schedule a Stage Two meeting for aU of the grievances, and the Union may select three
grievors to attend on behalf of all. We did this for the grievances involving employees who were
seeking seniority for time employed with the Ministry of Finance as unclassified employees.
On June 28th, 2001, Ms. Lee replied to Mr, Volkes as follows:
Re: Health & Safety Grievances
The Union does not agree with your proposal to hold one Stage 2 meeting for all of these grievances.
Unlike the seniority grievances, each of these matters will raise different fact situations that require
an individual review of the circumstances giving rise to this grievance. Therefore, you Sllould proceed
to schedule Step 2 ,nGGtingi; in each office. You shou~d be ;:r:/J[C tlo1i/cvcr th3t :n son1C CZlSCS you
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are now beyond the time limits for holding these meetings.
Mr. Volkes again wrote to Ms. Lee on June 29th as follows:
As I indicated in my letter dated June 22, 2001 I have compiled a list of OPAC
workplaces that have filed group grievances that allege violation of the Collective
Agreement and the Health and Safety Act.
All of the grievances have identical wording, and as such we are prepared to
conduct one Stage Two meeting to address the issue. I suggest one of two options:
. One Stage Two meeting for all grievances and the Union selects any three
grievors. This meeting would be held at OPAC Head Office.
. One Stage Two meeting in a regional office chosen by the Union to be
representative of all grievances. Three grievors could be selected from that
workplace to represent all.
Since the grievances are identically worded, we are not prepared to hold Stage Two
meetings at every workplace. If you do not agree with either of the above options,
I will assume that you will proceed to the next step in the grievance procedure as
indicated by the Collective Agreement.
As a result of the differences between the parties with respect to hOlding Stage Two
meetings, the Union filed a grievance alleging that the Employer violated Article 10 of the Collective
Agreement by failing to hold Stage Two meetings when requested, and the Union requested a
declaration that the Employer violated the Collective Agreement and an order that the Employer
must hold Stage Two meetings when requested.
The Union submits that under the Collective Agreement the Employer was required to hold
Stage Two meetings, which the Union maintains were appropriate, because there were different
fact situations with respect to the different group grievances. The Union further maintains that the
Stage 'fwo meeting was the first stage of the grievance process for group grievances under the
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Collective Agreement before the matter is referred to arbitration, and is the only opportunity to
resolve the issues that are in dispute. The Union argues that there is no provision under the
Collective Agreement to treat 29 group grievances as one and to force single meetings with a
small number of grievors.
The Employer alleges that group grievances are all identical and nothing personal is
claimed in any of the separate grievances and there is no evidence to suggest a need to address
all of these issues separately. The Employer submits that the grievances were a Union-driven
response to restructuring and the Union has artificially separated the matter into group grievances.
The Employer argues that pursuant to Article 1.01 a prompt and orderly method to resolve the
grievances is required and the Union is prevented from abusing the grievance procedure. The
Employer asserts that pursuant to Article 10.25 it would require 87 grievors and 29 stewards,
without any loss of pay, to attend at 29 separate locations to address a corporate issue. The
Employer further argues that the Board should decline to remedy this situation.
By way of reply, the Union maintains the grievances are worded the same, but there is no
evidence that the grievances are substantively the same, and, accordingly, it is not open to the
Employer to refuse a meeting at Stage Two. The Union claims it is protecting its members and
there is no evidence there is an abuse of the process.
The relevant provisions of the Collective Agreement are as follows:
ARTICLE 1 - PURPOSE
1,01 The purpose of this Agreement is to establish and maintain working conditions
hm HS of work mHl W8gAS wit h respect to employees covered hy this Aqreernent and
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to provide for a prompt and orderly method of settling complaints or grievances
which might arise hereunder.
1.02 This Agreement sets forth the enUre Agreement on rates of pay, hours of work and
ot her conditions of employment. Amendments to this Agreement may only be made
in writing on the agreement of both parties. There are no representations,
warranties or conditions that affect the rights of the parties and employees, save
and except those specifically set out in this Agreement.
ARTICLE 10 ~ GRIEVANCE AND ARBITRATION PROCEDURE
10.01 For purposes of this Agreement, a grievance is defined as a difference arising
between the parties relating to the interpretation, application, administration or
alleged violation of the Agreement including any question as to whether a matter is
arbitrable.
For the purpose of this Article, reference to "days" relating to Stages in the
grievance and arbitration procedure shall mean working days.
10.02 It is the mutual desire of the parties hereto that complaints of employees shall be
considered as quickly as possible. It is understood that an employee has no
grievance until he/she has first given his/her immediate supervisor the opportunity
of resolving his/her complaint. If an employee has a complaint he/she shall discuss
it with his/her immediate supervisor within twenty (20) days after the circumstances
giving rise to the complaint have occurred or ought to have reasonably come to the
attention of the employee. The supervisor shall give his/her response to the
complaint within five (5) days, and, failing settlement, or failing a response, it may
then be taken up as a grievance within seven (7) days following advice of the
immediate supervisor's decision in the following manner and sequence:
Stage One
The employee may present his/her grievance to his/her immediate supervisor. The
grievance shall be in writing and shall include the nature of the grievance and the
remedy sought. Failing settlement, the immediate supervisor shall deliver his/her
decision in writing within five (5) days following the presentation of the grievance to
him/her. Failing settlement:
Stage Two
Within ten (10) days after the decision in Stage One, the employee may submit the
grievance in writing to the Vice President, Corporate and Human Resources or his
designate. A meeting will then be held between the Vice President, Corporation
and Human Resources or designate and the appropriate Union steward and the
grievor jf either party requests. Such meetings shall be held within ten (10) days of
submission of the grievance at Stage Two unless extended by written agreement
of the parties. The decision of the Vice President, Corporation and Human
Resources or his designate shall be delivered in writing within ten (10) days
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following the day of such meeting.
Union Grievance
10.03 Where any difference between the Employer and the Union arises from the
interpretation, application, administration or alleged violation of the agreement, the
Union shall be entitled to file a grievance at the Second Stage of the grievance
procedure provided it does so within thirty (30) days following the occurrence or
origination of the circumstances giving rise to the grievance. This provision is
intended to allow general or policy issues to be pursued by the Union but is not
intended to take the place of individual or group grievances.
Group Grievance
10.04 Where a number of employees have identical grievances and each employee would
be entitled to grieve separately, they may present a group grievance, and such
written grievance shall be originated under Stage Two, and the time limits set out
with respect to that Stage shall appropriately apply.
Arbitration
10.13 Failing settlement under the foregoing procedure of any grievance between the
parties arising from the interpretation, application, administration or alleged violation
of this Agreement, including any question as to whether a matter is arbitratable,
such grievance may be submitted to arbitration as hereinafter provided. If no
written request for arbitration is received within twenty (20) days after the decision
under Stage Two is given, the grievance shall be deemed to have been abandoned.
10.14 Where no written answer has been given within the time limit specified, the
grievance may be submitted to the next step of the foregoing procedure, including
arbitration.
10.16 When either party requests that any matter be submitted to arbitration as provided
in the foregoing article, it shall make such request in writing addressed to the other
party to this Agreement. Where such a request is made, a Board of Arbitration shall
be constituted, consisting of a nominee appointed by each party and a Chair
selected by alphabetical rotation from the following list:
George Adams
Robert Howe
William Kaplan
Richard MacDowell
Owen Shime
Susan T acon
If the person selected by rotation is not available for a Hearing within ninety (90)
days of the referral, the next person on the list shall be selected.
10.1 9 No matter may be submitted to arbitration which has not been properly carried
through all requisite steps of the grievance procedure.
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10.21 The Board of Arbitration, the Parties may agree on a sole arbitrator, to be selected
from the list in 10.16, who shall have all the power and authority of a Board of
Arbitration. The parties may agree to allow the sole arbitrator to act as a
mediator/arbitrator.
10.23 The parties acknowledge that the time limits set out in both the grievance and
arbitration procedures must be strictly complied with except by written agreement
to extend them and failure to so comply shall result in the grievance being deemed
to have been abandoned.
10.24 The parties agree that principles of full disclosure of issues in dispute as alleged by
a grievance advanced by the Union on behalf of a member or members, or the
Union itself, and full disclosure of facts relied upon by management in a decision
that is subject to a grievance, are key elements in amicable and expeditious dispute
resolution processes. Therefore, the parties agree that at the earliest stage of the
grievance procedure, either party upon request is entitled to receive from the other,
full disclosure of the information, including full disclosure of all relevant documents.
10.25 An employee who has a grievance and is req uired to attend meetings at Stage One
or Stage Two of the grievance procedure shall suffer no loss of regular pay to
attend such meetings. In the case of a group grievance, up to three (3) grievors of
the group shall be entitled to be present unless otherwise mutually agreed.
10.26 An employee whose grievance is referred to mediation or arbitration may attend the
day or days of mediation or arbitration without loss of regular pay for such day or
days. In the case of a group grievance, up to three (3) grievors of the group shall
be entitled to be present unless otherwise mutually agreed.
A superficial reading of both the grievance and the Collective Agreement suggests that this
being a grievance by a number of employees, they are entitled, pursuant to Article 10.04, to
originate a group grievance at Stage Two of the Collective Agreement. Under Article 10.02, Stage
Two, a meeting is to be held between the Vice-President, Corporate and Human Resources or
designate and the appropriate steward if either party requests. The Stage Two procedure also
requires that such meeting shall be held within ten days of submission of the grievance at Stage
Two and then a decision of the Vice President or his designate is to be delivered within ten days
following the date of such meeting. At first blush the requirement to hold a meeting appears to be
mandatory.
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However, the Collective Agreement distinguishes among individual, group, and Union
grievances. Article 10.02 is the reference to individual grievances and it suggests that where an
employee has a complaint that he/she shall discuss it with her immediate supervisor and the
supervisor is entitled to respond. That provision, like many other individual grievance provisions,
suggests an "in the workplace dispute" where an employee has a workplace complaint, and
accordingly, the Collective Agreement suggests that attempts should be made, in the first instance,
to deal with that complaint between the employee and his/her supervisor. Individual complaints
are thus required to be given individual consideration; for example, where an employee alleges
that he/she has been improperly transferred, or improperly laid off, or improperly suspended or
discharged, the complaint will have characteristics peculiar to the employee, which may be
remedied by either the parties agreeing to a personal solution tailored to the individual or by an
arbitrator making an award for the benefit of an individual employee, such as, prohibiting a transfer
or a layoff of the individual employee or g ranting compensation to an individual employee who has
been wrongfully disciplined or dismissed.
A group grievance is defined under Article 10.04 and provides that where a number of
employees have an identical grievance and each employee would be entitled to grieve separately
they may present a group grievance which shall originate at Stage Two. The nature of a group
grievance is that it consists of a bundle of individual grievances, with the result that individual
circumstances may be considered and individual or personal remedies may be tailored to the
grievors. A group grievance permits identical but individual matters to flow through the grievance
procedure and into arbitration and saves the parties the time and expense of dealing separately
with individual grievances in circumstances where those individuals have identical grievances.
However, under this Collective Agreement a group grievance, being a bundle of individual
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grievances, must have as its essential character identical circumstances relevant to each individual
so that any remedy may be tailored toward the individual employees.
Article 10.03 defines a Union grievance as one constituting a difference between the
Employer and the Union arising from the interpretation, application, administration or alleged
violation of the agreement and more specifically the Article provides that it is a provision that is
intended to allow "general or policy" issues to be pursued by the Union, but is not intended to take
the place of individual or group grievances. Thus a complete reading of all of these grievance
provisions suggests that there is a clear distinction between the various types of grievances.
We now turn to the facts at hand. It is reasonable to infer from the submissions, including
the timing of the letter to employees advising them of the reorganization and the timing of the
grievances, that the proposed restructuring had not taken place at the time the grievances were
filed. Indeed, all the grievance forms do not refer to an actual restructuring but use the term
"proposed restructuring", We also have no doubt that the proposed restructuring will impact upon
the employees to varying degrees - some may be transferred and some may be declared surplus,
but that is to occur in the future. The employees certainly have a legitimate concern that they will
be affected, but any impact is at a future date and different employees may be differently affected.
Since some employees may be deployed while others may be declared surplus and others not
affected at all, the prospective individual grievances may not be identical, which is a requirement
of a group grievance. Therefore it Is reasonable to infer that these grievances are not properly
group grievances within the meaning of the Collective Agreement.
Also, as we have indicated where there are individual grievances, the rernedies requested
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are usually personal with respect to the individual employee. For example, an employee usually
requests some relief that he/she may be relieved from a layoff, or that he/she shall be given a
promotion, or that he/she shall be compensated as a result of a wrongful suspension or dismissal.
In this case, the remedy is not personal, nor is it specifically directed toward any individual
employee, rather the remedy is directed toward the Employer, by requiring the employer to cease
and desist from implementing "any of the proposed changes". No doubt, if the grievance is
successful, employees who might be affected by the proposed changes will benefit as individuals,
but that is an indirect benefit resulting from the blanket remedy requested, which is directed at the
Employer rather than being for the direct benefit of the individual grievors.
At this particular juncture, all 29 grievances are identical, and it may be required to not only
have 29 Second Stage grievance meetings, but also, either party, since there are separate
grievances, is entitled to have each of the alleged group grievances heard by individual arbitrators,
resulting not only in considerable time and expense to the parties, but also resulting in 29 separate
arbitration hearings with the possibility of 29 distinct decisions by arbitrators, which may not only
vary in substance but also in content. Quite clearly this would be at odds with the stated purpose
of the Collective Agreement in Article 1.01 which is "to provide for a prompt and orderly method of
settling complaints or grievances".
After considering the submissions, the Collective Agreement, and the face of the
grievances, it is our view that all of these grievances are identical in wording and really raise
"general or policy issues" within the meaning of Article 10.03 of the Collective Agreement, which
is the provision for Union grievances. Also, each of these grievances is not a bundle of identical
individual grievances but rather they are identically worded Union grievances and, as such, the
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29 grievances are duplicate grievances. In our view, the filing of so many similarly worded
grievances and the request for 29 separate meetings, to deal with the same general issue,
constitutes an abuse of the process. To allow these grievances to proceed separately would be
really a triumph of form over substance.
In the result, we determine that all of the grievances shall be considered and consolidated
as one Union grievance and the Employer is required to hold only one Stage Two meeting
pursuant to Article 10.02 of the Collective Agreement in order to deal with all of these grievances.
Since the Union is the proper party to Union grievance at the Stage Two meeting, the Union shall
be the appropriate party to meet with the Employer and not the individual grievors. The Employer
shall not be required to hold Stage Two meetings with respect to the separate grievances. The
parties shall proceed on that basis and we shall remain seized should any problem arise as a result
of this decision.
141
DATED AT TORONTO THIS 10 DAY OF APRIL, 2002
~
l.._.
O.B. SHIME, a.c.
.CHAIRPERSON
"I CONCUR"
R.J. GALLIVAN
NOMINEE FOR THE CORPORATION
DISSENT ATTACHED
PAMELA MUNT.MADILL
NOMINEE FOR THE UNION
DISSENT
I disagree with the Majority's decision to dismiss the grievance. The Majority
based its decision on two separate findings, Firstly, that the 29 group grievances were
improperly filed as group grievances and are, as a matter of fact and law, one union
grievance. Secondly, that the union committed an abuse of process in filing the
grievances in this manner.
The first conclusion of the Majority is incorrect for three reasons. Firstly, neither
party at arbitration made any suggestion to the Board that there was a problem with the
form of these grievances. In the absence of submissions from the parties on this
matter, it is inappropriate for the Board to enter into an analysis. Such action is not only
legally questionable; but potentially harmful to the parties' future relations. The Board
had no indication from the parties as to the manner in which they wished to have these
provisions of the Collective Agreement interpreted. Also the Board had no indication of
the manner in which the parties had used these provisions in the past. It is for these
sorts of reasons that boards of arbitration do not attempt to formulate interpretations of
a Collective Agreement without being asked to by the parties or, at the very least,
without asking for the parties' submissions on the matter.
Furthermore, in the absence of the parties requesting the Board to rule on the
matter of the proper form of these grievances; it is unclear the Board has any
jurisdiction to do so. The grievance procedure, and the manner of its use, is a matter
for the parties. A board of arbitration does not have jurisdiction over that process
unless the parties file a grievance. Neither party filed a grievance based on the form of
these grievances. Absence such a grievance, the source of the Board's jurisdiction is
unclear and questionable.
The second reason the Majority's conclusion on the improper form of these
grievances is incorrect is based on the doctrine of waiver. If the employer had wished
to object to the form in which these grievances were filed, they were required to make
this objection during the grievance procedure. This is exactly the sort of situation in
which the doctrine of waiver has uniformly been applied in the arbitration context. The
evidence before the Board was clear that on at least two occasions Mr. Greg Volkes, on
behalf of the Employer, had an opportunity to object to the form in which these
grievances were filed and did not. Those two occasions occurred on June 22, 2001
and again on June 29, 2001. A review of the correspondence as reproduced in the
Majority's decision clearly shows that Mr. Volkes at no point in time made such an
objection. Clearly, the Employer has waived their right to do so. It is clear from Mr.
Volkes' letters that his concern was not in any way with the form of the grievances but
rather with the requirement to hold 29 separate meetings. This is the issue the Board
had jurisdiction over and should have addressed. It should not have concerned itself
with the issue of the characterization of the grievances as union or group grievances.
Thirdly, the Majority's decision is incorrect due to its improper interpretation of
the relevant articles of the Collective Agreement. The Majority seems to find substantial
justification for its decision based on the fact that the grievances here are not
"identical". Furthermore, the Board places some reliance on the fact that these
grievances are merely perspective at the point in time when they are filed. Whether
these grievances were perspective or not is irrelevant. However, factually, this is
incorrect. Exhibit 4, being a letter dated May 24, 2001, Robert A. Richards to all OPAC
employees states that "Our work on futures has now progressed to the point where we
are ready to move fotWard with the implementation. H. The only evidence, therefore, the
Majority had before it regarding whether or not the restructuring had begun at the point
in time when the grievances were filed comes from this letter. It indicates that the
restructuring was to commence as of May 24, 2001. The Majority's decision does not
make it clear on what evidence they based their decision that these matters were purely
prospective.
On the question of whether these grievances are identical, the Majority's
decision takes a very restrictive view of the idea of identical. The evidence the Board
had before it regarding the substance of these grievances was extremely limited. Any
conclusion the Board makes regarding the substantive nature of these grievances must
be based only on the evidence it had before it. Article 10.01 of the Collective
Agreement defines a grievance as 1I....a difference arising between the pariies relating
to the interpretation, application, administration, or alleged violation of the Agreement
,... n. In this case, the grievances before the Board uniformly and identically allege
violation of the same provisions of the Collective Agreement. The Majority must accept
this characterization of the violations of the Collective Agreement in absence of any
evidence to the contrary. This Board had no such evidence.
Furthermore, the Majority's characterization of these grievances as general or
policy issues within the meaning of Article 10.03 in no way means they cannot also be
properly filed as either group or individual grievances. Current case law suggests that
there are not airtight compartments between the different species of grievances.
Absent extremely restrictive language the Majority should not develop such narrowing
and technical divisions.
The second basis on which the Majority rejects the clear and mandatory nature
of the language of Article 10.04 is that the Union had, in fact, committed an abuse of
process in filing these matters as group grievances. This is an extremely serious
finding by the Majority unsubstantiated by the evidence. Firstly, it should be noted that
this Agreement includes a provision in Article 10.21 that liThe Board of Arbitration or
sole Arbitrator shall not be authorized to make any decision inconsistent with the
provisions of this Agreement nor to alter, modify, add to or amend any pari of this
Agreement. ", A finding by the Majority that the language of Article 1 0.04 is not
mandatory in regards to holding Stage Two meetings is blatantly inconsistent with the
language of that Article and inconsistent with the specific provisions of Article 1 0.21 of
this Agreement.
page 2
The Majority apparently relies on the fact that these grievances are identically
worded and have identical remedies to conclude that they are 29 duplicated grievances.
This is an extremely puzzling finding given the Majority has previously found that these
grievances werej in fact, not identical for the purposes of finding them improperly filed
as group grievances. They either are identical grievances and therefore properly group
grievances; or they are not identical grievances and therefore not an abuse of process.
The filing of 29 identically worded grievances is no evidence of an abuse of process. It
merely suggests that the administration of the grievance procedure is as centralized in
the Union's hands as it is in the Employer's hands. This Majority drew no conclusions
from the fact that the administration of the grievance procedure is done centrally by the
Employer. In fact, the Majority's comments on page 9 suggest that it agreed with the
efficiencies created by such central administration, To draw any negative inference
from such centralized administration of the grievance procedure on behalf of the Union
is inconsistent, problematic, and unwarranted.
On page 9 of its decision, the Majority expresses a concern that a finding that
these are properly constituted group grievances could lead to each of these group
grievances being heard by individual arbitrators at considerable time and expense.
This concern is prospective at best. The evidence before this Board through Exhibit 6
is that in the past these parties have utilized the grievance procedure in a mutually-
respectful and efficient manner when large numbers of grievances have been involved.
The reason Mr. Volkes suggested the procedure he did is precisely because the Union
had been amicable to this efficiency when it was appropriate. To find therefore that
absent clear and cogent evidence that the Union would commit an abuse of process is
problematic and contrary to the evidence in front of the Board. Furthermore, it is open
to either party to request consolidation of these matters at arbitration and this fully
dispenses the prospective concern of the Board. For the Majority to anticipate or
concern itself with this matter at this juncture is inappropriate.
For these reasons, I would have allowed the grievance. The language of Article
10.04 is clearly mandatory. The parties should have been directed to attempt to come
to a mutually-agreeable manner for dealing with these grievances at the second stage,
Absent such agreement, the Board should have followed the mandatory language of
the Collective Agreement and ordered the employer to hold the second stage meetings
as required by the Collective Agreement.
page 3
SUPPLEMENTARY AWARD
There are a number of comments to be made with respect to Ms. Munt-MadiH's dissent.
In the correspondence between the parties, it is clear the Employer attempted to deal with
all of the grievances at the same time at stage 2. On June 22, 2001 the Employer advised the
Union that it had received grievances with identical wording and it would compile a list of
workplaces in which the grievances were filed and "at that time we can schedule a stage 2 meeting
with all of the grievances and the Union may select three grievors to attend on behalf of all".
On June 28, 2001, the Union did not agree to hold "one Stage 2" meeting and stated that
these matters would raise different fact situations that would require an individual review of the
circumstances.
On June 29, 2001, the Employer's reply, referring to all the grievances stated that "all of the
grievances have identical wording, and as such we are prepared to conduct one Stage Two
meeting to address the issue" and proposed that one Stage 2 meeting be held at the MPAC head
office or a Stage 2 meeting be held at a regional office. The Employer then stated that "since the
grievances are identically worded, we are not prepared to hold Stage 2 meetings at every
workplace" and If the Union did not agree that it should proceed to the next stage in the grievance
procedure.
It is clear from the correspondence, that the Employer did not accept the Union's contention
that the grievances wotlld raise different fact situations requiring individual reviews and that the
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issue between the parties was whether all of these grievances should be treated as separate
grievances.
In his argument, Counsel for the Employer said that all of the grievances were "identical",
that "nothing personal was claimed" in each of the 29 grievances "and there was no evidence that
there was a need to address each of the grievances separately". Counsel then submitted "this
was a union-driven response to restructurin~l" and the issue was "corporate-wide" with "corporate
remedies" and suggested that the Union could not artificially separate the issue into single group
grievances. Counsel went on to refer to Article 1.01 of the Collective Agreement which requires"
a prompt and orderly method of settling complaints or grievances" and argued that each party was
prevented from "abusing the grievance procedure". Counsel for the Employer also submitted that
the Employer "considered the 29 separate grievances as a single grievance and complained that
it was not necessary to have 29 separate meetings at 29 locations" and then have "87 grievors and
29 stewards all to address a corporate wide issue and iemedy".
The Union took issue with the Employer's submission and argued that different regional
offices may have different views and the process proposed by the Employer might not be
adequate. However, specific examples were not provided, nor were there any submissions that
individuals had been harmed. The Union also joined issue with the Employer on whether the filing
of 29 grievances constituted an abuse of process.
It is clear from the submissions, that the Employer was objecting to the form of the
grievance and there was a problem in dealing with 29 separate grievances. The Employer
suggested that these were, in effect, the same grievance, or a single grievance, that they were
"union driven" as distinct frol11 being individually drivon, Jnd the Union was seGking a corporalo
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remedy as distinct from individual remedies. Accordingly, it is our view, that we were entitled to
assess the parties' respective positions and to conclude that these "union driven" separate
grievances were identical and were not a product of individual complaints. The facts are usually
for the parties I but the law is for the Board, and a Board of Arbitration is entitled to draw inferences
from the facts presented and to come to its own conclusions as a matter of law. Based on the
arguments, the correspondence, the language of the grievances, the distinctions made in the
Collective Agreement, and the absence of any assertion that the grievances were
individual/personal grievances, the Board was entitled to come to the legal conclusion that all
these grievances were, as a matter of law, the same and were in totality the same Union grievance.
Clearly, the issue between the parties was whether these were separate grievances or whether
they were identical and that is the issue we were asked to address and did address.
Further, a Board of Arbitration has wide remedial authority, as the courts have found, and
it is open to a Board of Arbitration to deal with the issue raised and to exercise its remedial authority
in an appropriate manner based on the issues between the parties, and we did so. Since we have
found that all of these grievances are in substance the same grievance, we are entitled to exercise
our remedial authority and to consolidate the grievances.
Ms. Munt~Madill raised the issue of the doctrine of waiver. In her dissent, Ms. MuntNMadill
chastises the majority for reaching a conclusion that there were no submissions to the Board that
there was a problem with the form of these grievances and "in the absence of submissions from
the parties in this matter, it is inappropriate for the Board to enter into an "analysis", However, as
we indicated the whole thrust of the submissions was that there was a problem with the grievances
as filed. However, contrary to her earlier statement, Ms. Munt-Madill then deals with the issue of
waiver notwithstanding there were no subrnissions Inade by the parties wilh respect to the doctrine
M4~
of waiver, and accordingly, that issue was not addressed by the majority.
However, since Ms. Munt-Madill has addressed the issue of waiver without any submissions
we shall deal with that issue. It is clear from the correspondence between the parties that the
Employer, from day one, took the position that the group grievances had identical wording and
wanted to schedule only one Stage 2 meeting for all of the grievances. The Union replied on June
28, 2001, that it "did not agree with your proposal to hold one Stage 2 meeting for all of these
grievances" and the Employer responded to the Union's position that it was prepared to conduct
one Stage 2 meeting to address the issue and that it was not prepared to hold Stage 2 meetings
at other workplaces, and that if the Union did not agree that it should proceed to the next step in
the grievance procedure. Certainly the Employer's position not only dealt specifically with the
issue, but also the Employer took a separate and distinct position from the Union, it did not deal
with the merits, but simply proposed a solution and suggested that if that solution was not
acceptable the matter should proceed further. Certainly the Employer's conduct does not fall into
any known or reasonable definition of waiver.
Ms. Munt-Madill also states that the majority" seems to find substantial justification for its
decision based on the fact that the grievances are not 'identical'." On the contrary, our decision
was based on the fact that all the grievances were identical in form and substance. At no time
during the proceedings, and in the face of the Employer's argument that these grievances were
identical and this was a union-driven response asking for a corporate remedy, did the Union argue
that these were identical, Le. personal grievances, as is required by Article 10.04 of the Collective
Agreement. Clearly the grievances are identical and, in effect, the same grievance has been filed
twenty.nine times. That is why we have consolidated all of these grievances into one grievance.
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may not be airtight compartments between different species of grievances, it is our view that each
collective agreement must be dealt with based on its own language and terms. This Collective
Agreement readily distinguishes between the various types of grievances and must be interpreted
based on its specific language. Certainly no cases were cited to us where the facts were similar
to this grievance, i.e. there the grievance procedure so specifically defines the different types of
grievances. It is on the basis of this Collective Agreement that our decision was made which is our
legal obligation.
As to the abuse of process, the Employer argued quite forcefully that this was an abuse of
process and contrary to Article 1.01 which requires the parties to "provide for a prompt and orderly
method of settling complaints or grievances which might arise hereunder", Again, the Union had
ample opportunity to submit that the grievances were comprised of individuall personal employee
grievances within the meaning of the Collective Agreement and properly fell into the Collective
Agreement definition of a group grievance. Given the language contained in the grievances, the
submissions of the Employer that this was a union-driven grievance and a corporate matter, and
the absence of any submissions by the Union that these were individual/personal grievances, we
were entitled to draw the inference that these grievances were identical in both form and substance
and as a matter of law fell within the meaning of a Union grievance. Accordingly, we were entitled
to draw the inference that the request to deal with these matters separately constituted an abuse
of process.
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DATED AT TORONTO THIS 10TH DAY OF APRIL, 2002
(jfzJe~
O.B. SHIME, a.c.
.CHAIRPERSON
"I CONCUR"
R.J. GALLIVAN
NOMINEE FOR THE CORPORATION
PAMELA MUNT-MADILL
NOMINEE FOR THE UNION