HomeMy WebLinkAboutStafford 81-11-16
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IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
BET~\TEEN :
ALGONQUIN COLLEGE
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AND
ONTARIO PUBLIC SERVICE EMPLOYEES UNION
AND IN THE MATTER OF THE GRIEVANCE OF L. STAFFORD
BOARD OF ARBITRATION:
J.F.W. Weatheri11, Chairman
T. Kearney, Union Nominee _
K. Hal1sworth, Employer Nominee
Hearings in this matter were held at Ottawa on April 3 and
July 28, 1981
S'.,E. Goudge for the union
J. Baker for the employer
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AWARD
In this grievance, dated June 6, 1980,' the grievor
protests the termination of his employment with the College.
The College raises the preliminary objection that the matter.
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is not arbitrable, inasmuch as the grievor's employment ended
due to his being past retirement age and his employment not
being further extended. That, it was said, is a matter of
superannuation, and is thus a matter, which may not be dealt
with in a collective agreement; accordingly the matter would
not be arbitrable. With consent, evidence and argument were
heard on the merits as well as on the preliminary matter, and
all aspects of the case were fully dealt with.
The grievor was hired by the College on August,l,~1973,
and was a Teaching ~aster in the graphic arts program. There
is no question whatever as to his qualifications and competence,
and indeed it is clear that the College relied heavily on
the grievor's abilities and quaiities in conducting the graphic.
arts program. As one of the College '.s memoranda put it, ,the
grievor served the students, the college and his department
cQnscientiously and well.
In the early part of 1978, when the grievor was about to
reach, or had reached, the age of 65, he was provided with
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certain forms relating to his retirement. It was the
College's policy, and had been for some years, that
employees, including members of the teaching faculty,
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should retire from employment with the College at the
end of the academic year in which they reach 65. This
policy was, as we find, known at least in a general way
by the grievor, although he had not deliberately concerned
himself_ ,.,i th it. He had, as he acknowledges, made
contributio~st6 a pension plan, the benefits of which
would relate to the time of his retirement.
In fact, the grievor did not leave the employ of-the
College in 1978. He continued to teach in the graphic
arts program throughout the academic years 1978-79 and 1979-
80. With respect to each year, his employment was extended
by the Board of Governors of the College, upon the recomrnen-
dations of the appropriate officers of the College,in
accordance with the College's policy in that respect.
These recommendations were based on the College's assessment
of its program needs and, of course, its appreciation of
the grievor's abilities. In each case the grievor was
aware that an extension of employment had been sought,
and that it had been approved, for a one-year term.
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In May of 1980 the grievor was advised that a third
extension of employment beyond age 65 would not be recommended.
This was due not to any change in the Co~lege's assessment
of the grievor's abilities, but rather to its determination
to reduce the intake for the graphic arts program, because
of inadequate facilities, among other reasons. At that time,
the College had considered it necessary to layoff a number
of teachers, and the union had made strenuous efforts to
preserve the positions of teachers scheduled to be laid off.
The grievor's name,was not on a list of employees scheduled
to be laid o~f, and his position was not a subject of the
efforts just referred to. The grievor was not in fact laid
off and the reasons which led the union to be active in the
cases of those who were would not necessarily apply in the
grievor's case. . In any event, the ract is that the College,
as it was entitled to do, came to a conclusion with respect
to the staffing of the graphic arts program, and as a result
it did not seek to extend the grievor's emploYment again. That
decision was not reached in an arbitrary manner, and there was
no attempt to discriminate improperly against the grievor.
In our view, retirement from employment at 65 in accordance
with a College policy to that effect is an aspect of "super-
annuation" within th~ meaning of section 4 of The Colleges
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Collective Bargaining Act, 1975. It is none the less
so by reason of the inclusion in such policy of provisions
for extension of employment for one-year terms, in certain
circumstances. Section 4 of the Act is as follows:
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,Negotiations shall be carried out in
respect of any term or condition of employ-
ment put forward by either party, except
for superannuation.
That provision, in our view, removes the subject
of superannuation from those over which the parties
might negotiate, or wh~ch they might include in a
collective agreement. As we have indicated, it is our
view that the matter of retirement policy, being an
aspect of superannuation, was not one over which the
parties were free to negotiate, and was not one which
might be dealt with in the collective agreement. We
do not, of course, speculate over what might be the
case if the College were; under the guise of "retirement
policy" , to seek toaccomplish some other end. Nhat is
involved in 'the instant case is a reasonable and proper
retirement policy (as many arbitration cases have held),
applied in good faith.
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If our view that the College's retirement policy is
a matter within the scope of term "superannuation" as it
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appears in The Colleges Collective Bargaining Act, so that
the matter is not one which could have been the subject of '
negotiations between the parties,. is wrong, it remains tq.at the
collective agreement does not in fact deal with the matter.
There is no evidence before us as to whether or not the
matter was "put fonvard by either partyll during negotiations (
but whether it was or not (pace what appears to have been
said by the majority of the board of arbitration in the
Cambrian College case, (July 13, 1981)), the fact is that
there were at least no "successful" negotiations on the
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subject,and the collective agreement is silent thereon.
That being the case, it was open to the employer to establish
a retirement policy - at least a reasonable one - unilaterally.
Retirement, as suchJis dist~nct from discharge (see Bell
Canada, 37 D.L.R. (3rd) 561 (S.C.C.)), and in our view is
likewise quite distinct 'from layoff. The law is clear that
absent any dealing of the.collective agreement with compulsory
retirement, an employee compulsorily retrrea cannot invoke the
seniority clauses of the collective agreement to challenge such
retirement: Canadian Car, 21 D.L.R. (2nd) 273 (S.C.C.).
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In the instant case, it is our conclusion from the
facts and in the light of the law on the matter, that'
the grievor was subject to compulsory retirement at the
conclusion of the 1977-78 academic year, in accordance
with the Collegets policy. It was argued, however,
that the grievor did not then retire, and that the
College did not "retire" him later, but merely allmved
his second one-year contract to lapse. Thes'e one-year
contracts, it was said, were incompati.ble with- the
regime'ofcollective ,bargaining to which the parties
were subject. Reference was made to the McGavin Toast-
master case 54 D.L.R. (3rd) I (S.C.C.). There are a
number.of responses to be made to this argument. First,
the extension of the grievor's employment appears to
have been to the grievor's (as well as the College's)
benefit, and if it was improper (so as to have been the
potential subject of a grievance by the union or by some
other employee), then that would be a reason for dismissing
this grievance, not for allowing it. Second, if the
grievor's retirement at age 65 was something that the
College could impose, pursuant to its policy (and for
the reasons given above, such was the case), then the
annual extensions of employment were separate matters
(albeit pursuant to other provisions of the same College
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policy). That retirement became an effective reality
following two extensions does not affect the original
validity of the required retirement~ Third, this was not
a matter of "individual bargaining" with the grievor, in
the sense condemned by the McGavin Toastmaster case. That
case, of course, dealt with a very different set of facts.
Certainly, during the term of the "extensions", the grievor
was subject to the terms and conditions of the collective
agreement. His status would appear to be similar, at least
in some respects, to that of Ilsessional" employees contemplated
by the collective agreement. Again, however, it should be
said that if the "extensions" were improper {although that
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does not appear to be the case}, the appropriate remedy
would appear to be to bring them .to an end, not to require
their indefinite continuation.
That an employee subject to retirement may have his
employment extended for a term or series of terms does not
appear, in itself, to be unreasonable. It may be that in
some circumstances such a policy would be contrary to certain
provisions of a collective agreement as, for example, with
respect to laid-off employees. No such conflict appears to
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arise in this case, and we do not consider that the
extensions of the grievor's employment were improper.
There was, however, no reouirement, that the employer
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continue to grant such extensions. The fact that
the grievor's employment was not extended for a third
time gives rise to no valid claim under the collective
agreement ,. which does not deal with the matter. While
the effective date of the grievor's retirement was delayedr
the retirement itself was, for the reasons we have give~
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proper ,and not in violation of the collec.tive. l,agreement.
For all of the foregoing reasons, the grievance must
be dismissed.
DATED AT TORONTO, this ,16th day of November, 1981.
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Chairman . ,. ~ ... l../ ·
'"T. Kearney. (dissent)"
Union Nominee
UK. Hallsworth"
Employer Nominee