HomeMy WebLinkAbout2022-9373.Silaghi.24-03-28 Decision
Crown Employees
Grievance Settlement
Board
Suite 600
180 Dundas St. West
Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8
Tel. (416) 326-1388
Commission de
règlement des griefs
des employés de la
Couronne
Bureau 600
180, rue Dundas Ouest
Toronto (Ontario) M5G 1Z8
Tél. : (416) 326-1388
GSB# 2022-9373
UNION# 2022-0584-0007
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
BETWEEN
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
(Silaghi) Union
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ontario Clean Water Agency) Employer
BEFORE Annie McKendy Arbitrator
FOR THE UNION Sarah Khan
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
Grievance Officer
FOR THE EMPLOYER Jordanna Lewis
Treasury Board Secretariat
Legal Services Branch
Counsel
HEARING March 22, 2024
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Decision
[1] This Decision addressed two preliminary objections brought by the Employer.
The first seeks to have the Grievance dismissed for failure to disclose a prima
facie case of breach of the collective agreement. The second argues that the
Union seeks to expand the scope of the Grievance.
[2] For the reasons that follow, I find that the Union has set out a prima facie case in
its particulars. On the issue of scope, the Union may raise issues regarding the
sufficiency of the investigation conducted by the employer, but it may not argue a
freestanding breach of Article 22.10.3.2.The matter will therefore proceed on its
merits on the next scheduled hearing date.
Background
[3] The Grievance before me was filed on September 26, 2022 and reads as follows:
I grieve the employer has violated the collective agreement but not
limited to Articl[e](s) 2 – Management Rights, 3 – No Discrimination, 9 –
Health and Safety and any other articles or legislation that appl[ie]s.
Settlement desired
Full redress including 1 – All sick credits be restored to my sick leave
band for this period. 2 – A declaration that the employer has fostered a
poisoned work environment. 3 – The employer to [e]nforce their
Harassment and Discrimination Policy in the workplace and any other
remedy and any other remedy that in the opinion of the arbitrator will
make whole[.]
[4] The particulars are brief. They set out a single allegation of harassment which
took place in March of 2022, during which the Grievor’s Team Leader grabbed a
banana and placed it suggestively near the Grievor’s groin and then near his
mouth. The particulars allege that the incident took place in the lunchroom in
front of witnesses and that the incident was sexual in nature.
[5] The particulars allege that “the Grievor complained to his manager and the
Employer investigated the allegations. On or about August 2022, the Employer
concluded their investigation and failed to follow Article 22.10.3.2. The Grievor
filed the grievance on September 26, 2022. Since the Grievor was not provided
with the result of the investigation, he believes his complaints were not taken
seriously and he is forced to work in a poisonous work environment.”
No Prima Facie Case
[6] The Employer submits that the Union has failed to plead a prima facie case. The
test was summarized in OPSEU (Solomon Smith et al) and Ministry of Children,
Community and Social Services, GSB#2017-0054, (Anderson), citing Ontario
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Public Service v Employees Union (Martin et al) v Ontario (Community and
Social Services), 2015 CanLII 60449 (ON GSB) (Anderson):
… In order to succeed, the moving party, in this case the Ministry,
must establish that the “facts asserted in support of a grievance, if
accepted as true, are not capable of establishing the elements
necessary to substantiate the violation alleged”: Couture, 2011
CanLII 100922 (ON GSB), (Dissanayake). Arguments or
conclusions do not constitute allegations of fact. Accordingly, they
need not be accepted as true for the purposes of a no prima facie
case motion.
[7] The Employer submits that in order to make out a prima facie case the Union
must first, demonstrate that the Employer, in the exercise of management’s
rights, conducted itself in a manner that was discriminatory or harassing of the
Grievor. Second, it submits that the Union must establish that such conduct was
motivated in whole or in part by the Grievor’s harassment complaint. They submit
that I should follow the Board’s decision in OPSEU (Brydges et al) and Ministry of
Transportation, GSB#2012-1012, (Dissanayake). The Employer submits that no
Code-protected ground has been pled that would attract the protection of the
Human Rights Code, R.S.O. 1990, c. H.19 (“the Code”).
[8] With respect, it is plain on the face of the allegation that the impugned conduct
attracts the protection of the Code prohibits harassment in the workplace
because of sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression,
including harassment by another employee. It is trite law that a single incident of
unwelcome conduct can constitute harassment, both pursuant to the Code and
the Occupational Health and Safety Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. O.1 (“OHSA”)
[9] The Union directs me to the decision in Laskowska v. Marineland of Canada Inc.,
2005 HRTO 30, which sets out the test for determining whether an employer is
liable for harassment perpetrated by its employee. An employer may be liable for
harassment where management knew or ought reasonably to have known of the
harassment and failed to take appropriate steps to address it. OHSA, which
covers both workplace harassment and sexual harassment, requires at a. 32.07
that an employer conduct an investigation which is appropriate in the
circumstances upon receipt of a complaint of harassment.
[10] The question at issue is not, as the Employer suggests, whether the employer
itself acted in a manner that is discriminatory or harassing, but whether it was
made aware of the allegation of sexual harassment, and if so, whether it
conducted an investigation which was reasonable in the circumstances.
[11] While the failure of the Employer to communicate the results of an investigation,
if established on the merits, may not on its own be sufficient to demonstrate that
the investigation was inappropriate, I note that the evidence around the
sufficiency of the investigation is in the hands of the Employer and may only be
available to the Union when the Employer presents their evidence.
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[12] The Employer submits that the results of the investigation were communicated to
the Grievor during the First Resolution Stage Meeting. I am not satisfied that a
disclosure of the results following the filing of the grievance is such that the
Union’s particulars, if proven, could not constitute a breach of the collective
agreement.
[13] The Employer further submits that the Union has not made out a prima facie
case with respect to the allegation of reprisal in their particulars. On this narrow
point, I agree. My understanding of the particulars is that the Grievor “feared
reprisal”. However, to the extent that the Union intended to call evidence of
reprisal, I accept the Employer’s assertion that no facts have been set out that
could support such a finding.
Scope of the Grievance
[14] The Employer submits that the Union attempts to expand the scope of the
grievance by suggesting a breach of article 22.10.3.2 of the collective agreement
in the particulars.
[15] Article 22.10.3.2 states the following:
Where, at any time either before the making of a complaint or the filing of
a grievance under Article 22, the Employer establishes an investigation of
the complaint, or the employee agrees to the establishment of such an
investigation, pursuant to any staff relations policy or other procedure of
the Employer, the time limits for the processing of the complaint or
grievance under Article 22 shall be suspended until the employee is given
notice in writing of the results of the investigation, which shall be
completed within ninety (90) days or less, which time limits may be
extended by mutual consent.
[16] The Employer directs me to the decision of the Board in OPSEU (Botosh) v.
Ministry of the Attorney General, GSB Nos. 2014-1088, 2014-1089 et al.,
February 20, 2018 (Abramsky), which summarizes the guiding principles at
paragraph 24 and following:
[24] The jurisprudence is clear and the legal principles are well-established.
In Re OPSEU (Jones et al.) and Ministry of Labour, GSB No. 2006-1203,
the Board addressed the issue of when a claim may be viewed as part of a
grievance or raises a new issue. After citing Re Blouin Drywall Contractors
Ltd. and United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, Local
2486 (1975), 8 O.R. (2d) 103 (Ont. C.A.), and Re Electrohome Ltd. and
I.B.E.W., Local 2345 (1984), 16 L.A.C. (3d) 78 (Rayner), the decision
states, at par. 19:
Thus, in determining whether an issue raised by a party at arbitration
is properly before a board of arbitration, the board determines
whether, on a liberal reading of the grievance, the issue in dispute
may be viewed as part of or inherent in the original grievance or is
essentially a new grievance. If the issue was part of or inherent in the
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original grievance, the lack of precision in the written grievance
should not be a technical bar to a board of arbitration’s jurisdiction.
Conversely, if the matter is truly a different, new issue, the board will
decline jurisdiction. In Re Greater Sudbury Hydro Plus Inc. and
CUPE, Local 4705 (Armstrong Grievance) 2003, 12 L.A.C. (4th) 193
(Dissanayake), Arbitrator Dissanayake determined that “[t]o include
an issue through a ‘liberal reading’ I must be able to conclude that the
employer reasonably should have understood upon reading the
grievance that the issue in question was part of the grievance.”
[17] The Employer submits that based on the language of the grievance, that it could
not have reasonably understood that 22.10.3.2 was at issue. Insofar as the
article speaks to the suspension of time limits of the grievance, I agree with the
Employer. The Union may not advance a freestanding breach of article 22.10.3.2
without expanding the scope of the grievance.
[18] However, as I understand the Union’s position, it points to this article in support
of its view that the Grievor should have received written results of the
investigation as part of an appropriate investigation, since this step is
contemplated by the collective agreement.
[19] The Grievance cites article 3 of the Collective agreement, which incorporates the
Code by reference. It also cites article 9 which addresses health and safety. The
sufficiency of an investigation into allegations of harassment is inherently
engaged by both the Code and OHSA, both of which I have jurisdiction to apply. I
therefore find that the grievance was written sufficiently broadly that the
appropriateness of the Employer’s investigation into allegations of sexual
harassment could reasonably have been contemplated as forming part of the
grievance. Additionally, the notes from the First Resolution Stage Meeting show
that the question of the method and extent of communication of the results were
at issue at that time.
[20] The Union may raise arguments around the appropriateness of the investigation
and communication of its results to the Grievor. It may not argue a freestanding
breach of article 22.10.3.2.
[21] For these reasons, the matter will go forward to a hearing on the merits on the
next scheduled date.
Dated at Toronto, Ontario this 28th day of March 2024.
“Annie McKendy”
Annie McKendy, Arbitrator