HomeMy WebLinkAboutP-2023-02510.Ball and Steenson.24-04-25 Decision
Public Service
Grievance Board
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Toronto, Ontario M5G 1Z8
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Commission des
griefs de la fonction
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Tél. : (416) 326-1388
PSGB# P-2023-02510; P-2023-02545
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE PUBLIC SERVICE OF ONTARIO ACT
Before
THE PUBLIC SERVICE GRIEVANCE BOARD
BETWEEN
Ball and Steenson Complainants
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of the Solicitor General) Employer
BEFORE Henri Pallard Vice Chair
FOR THE
COMPLAINANTS
David Ball and James Steenson
FOR THE EMPLOYER Peter Dailleboust
Treasury Board Secretariat
Legal Services Branch
Counsel
SUBMISSIONS February 2 and March 1, 2024
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Decision
[1] David Ball and James Steenson, the Complainants, allege that they have not been
properly compensated for the rapid antigen testing which they were required to
conduct on themselves prior to reporting for work during the COVID-19 pandemic.
More specifically, they were not compensated for the period from 18 February 2022
to 5 March 2023 and only partially compensated from 6 March 2023 to 30 April 2023
inclusively.
[2] The Ministry of the Solicitor General, the Employer, submits that the Complainants
were properly compensated and that the Public Service Grievance Board, the
Board, does not have jurisdiction. It raised two preliminary objections. First, the
Board has already decided both matters before me on their facts and issues; the
doctrine of res judicata bars me from considering the complaints. Secondly, the
Complainants were out of time when they filed their complaints as they did not give
notice of their complaints within 14 days after becoming aware of the alleged breach.
On either ground, according to the Employer, the complaints should be dismissed.
[3] The Complainants disagree with the Employer’s submissions. First, their complaints
have not been addressed; secondly, they raised the matter within 14 days of
obtaining the information that they would not be compensated or that they were
improperly compensated.
[4] At the Case Management Meeting held 18 January 2024, the parties agreed to sever
a hearing on the merits of the grievances from the two preliminary objections raised
by the Employer. We would first address the preliminary matters. If I were to dismiss
the Employer’s preliminary objections, we would reconvene to take up the
substance of the complaints. Therefore, this decision only addresses those two
preliminary objections: res judicata and timeliness.
Issues
[5] There are two issues before me. First, I must determine the starting date for the 14-
day time limit for the filing of this Complaint, that is, when the Complainants became
aware or should have become aware of the Employer’s refusal to compensate them
for the rapid antigen testing that they conducted on themselves and which was
required by the Employer, prior to their reporting for work. Only if I find that the
complaints were timely do I then need to decide whether the doctrine of res judicata
applies to the matter before me.
Findings
[6] As set out below, with regard to the issue of timeliness, I find that the Complainants
should have been aware much sooner than they allege that the Employer was
refusing to compensate them for rapid antigen testing; their complaints were thus
not made within the prescribed timelines. I conclude that I do not have jurisdiction
to consider the complaints and I therefore dismiss them. In the circumstances, I do
not need to determine whether the doctrine of res judicata applies.
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Facts
[7] The Complainants have positions as Staff Sergeants in the Ontario correctional
system, Schedule 5 Employees under the Employer’s Compensation Directive. On
18 February 2022, the Employer required Sergeants to complete a rapid antigen
test outside of the workplace at least 48 hours before the end of each scheduled
shift. The testing requirement ended on 30 April 2023.
[8] By a memo dated 29 May 2023, the Employer announced that Sergeants or Staff
Sergeants who had worked at least one shift per week and submitted at least one
rapid antigen test per week would be compensated for 30 minutes at the overtime
rate retroactively from 6 March to 30 April 2023 inclusively. Those payments have
been made.
Submissions of the parties
[9] The Employer referred me to Ontario Public Service Employees Union (Martin) v
Ontario (Transportation) 2023 CanLII 28226 (ON GSB) (McKendy) (Martin). The
Employer also relied on Kurczak v Ontario (Solicitor General), 2023 CanLII 102947
(ON PSGB) (Kuttner) (Kurczak); Taylor v The Crown in Right of Ontario (MCSCS)
PSGB No 2016-2281 (Devins) (Taylor); Laforest v The Crown in Right of Ontario
(SolGen) PSGB No 2018-3801 (Morgan) (Laforest); and Hasted/Berezowsky v The
Crown in Right of Ontario (MCSCS) PSGB No P-2014-2665 (Nairn)
(Hasted/Berezowsky).
[10] First, according to the Employer, I am bound by the principle of res judicata as set
out in Martin. In Kurczak, the Board addressed the question of rapid antigen testing
and the conditions for an award of compensation. According to the Employer, the
issue before me was substantially decided in Kurczak and I am bound by that
decision in light of the doctrine of res judicata. I must therefore dismiss the two
complaints before me.
[11] Secondly, the Employer submits that the Complainants had to give notice of a
complaint about an alleged violation of a condition or term of employment within 14
days of becoming aware of its occurrence. The notice given by the Complainants
fell outside the 14-day period. Moreover, the Board has no jurisdiction to extend the
timelines set out by Section 8 of Ontario Regulation 378/07, Public Service
Grievance Board: Complaints and Hearings. Consequently, the Board does not
have jurisdiction and I must dismiss the complaint.
[12] In their response to Employer’s submissions, the Complainants did not address
directly the first of the two preliminary objections of the Employer. On this point, I
understand their position to be that their grievance has not been adjudicated and
consequently I have jurisdiction to hear their complaints. Their submissions were
more fulsome on the issue of timeliness although they were more concentrated on
the merits of their complaints. Referring to their correspondence with their superiors
and the replies received, they submit that they only found out much later about the
Employer’s breach of a term or condition of employment and that their notice
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therefore complies with the 14-day requirement. Again, they would conclude that I
have jurisdiction.
Relevant regulatory provisions
[13] The relevant provisions of Ontario Regulation 378/07, Public Service Grievance
Board: Complaints and Hearings (Regulation 378/07) are as follows:
Complaint about a working condition or a term of employment
4. (1) Subject to subsection (2), a public servant who is aggrieved about a
working condition or about a term of his or her employment may file a
complaint about the working condition or the term of employment with the
Public Service Grievance Board,
[…]
Notice of proposal to file a complaint
8. (1) A person who proposes to file a complaint shall give notice of the
proposal to the following person or entity:
1. A complainant who, at the material time, worked in a ministry shall
give the notice to his or her deputy minister.
[…]
(4) The notice must be given within the following period:
[…]
3. For a complaint about a working condition or a term of employment,
within 14 days after the complainant becomes aware of the working
condition or term of employment giving rise to the complaint.
[…]
Period for dispute resolution
9. (1) A complainant is not entitled to file a complaint with the Public Service
Grievance Board until expiry of the period provided under this section for
dispute resolution.
[…]
(3) If the complainant was required to give a deputy minister notice of the
proposal to make the complaint, and if the deputy minister or his or her
delegate meets with the complainant within 30 days after the deputy
minister receives the notice, the period provided for dispute resolution
expires on the earlier of,
(a) the day that is 30 days after the meeting; or
(b) the day on which the deputy minister gives written notice to the
complainant of his or her decision about the proposed complaint.
[…]
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(5) If the deputy minister or chair of the Public Service Commission, as the
case may be, or his or her delegate does not meet with the complainant
within 30 days after receiving the notice, the period provided for dispute
resolution expires 30 days after the notice was given to the deputy minister
or chair.
Analysis
[14] I begin by addressing the second of the Employer’s two objections, the timeliness
argument. I only need to turn my mind to the Employer’s other argument based on
res judicata if I find that the complaints were filed in a timely manner.
Timeliness
Argument of the Employer
[15] With regard to timeliness, the Employer makes a two-pronged argument. First, the
Complainants have been compensated for the period from 6 March to 30 April 2023
inclusively. Consequently, the matter is moot and I should dismiss the complaint.
Secondly, the Complainants were required by paragraph 8(4)3 of Regulation 378/07
to provide the Employer with a notice of a complaint about the violation of the term
or condition of employment—compensation for duties executed at the direction of
the Employer outside of their normal working hours and away from their normal
place of work—within 14 days of becoming aware of the violation. The Complainants
did not notify the Employer within the required 14 days, i.e. by 4 March 2022
according to the Employer’s submissions. The Complainants did not challenge this
date. The Employer’s response is that the timelines set out in sections 4, 8 and 9 of
Regulation 378/07 are mandatory and that the Board does not have the jurisdiction
to extend these timelines. The Board reaffirmed that approach to its powers in
Kurczak.
[16] I agree with the accepted interpretation of the Board’s lack of jurisdiction to modify
the timelines set out in Regulation 378/07. The jurisprudence of the Board
consistently sets out that these are mandatory directives and that it is not free to
modify them. See Taylor at para 11, and Laforest at para 46.
[17] I therefore must determine whether the Complainants gave notice within the 14-day
period. That requires that I determine when the Complainants became “aware of the
circumstances giving rise to the complaint”. See Hasted/Berezowsky at para 22.
Furthermore, the notice must be given to the appropriate Deputy Minister as
required by paragraph 8(1)1 of Regulation 378/07.
Argument of Complainants
[18] According to the Complainant David Ball, he should have been compensated at 1.5
times his hourly rate in accordance with the Compensation Directive of 27 January
2014. Moreover, as he completed the rapid antigen testing from 13 February 2022
to 27 April 2023, he should have been compensated for some 14 months and not
two months. When he had made previous requests about compensation, the
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standard answer was to direct his inquiry to his Superintendent. Consonant with
those directives, he states that he repeatedly inquired of his Superintendent F.
Hooper if he was getting paid. She responded that she believed that they were but
did not have a timeline. On 14 September 2023, he made inquiries with Nicole
Langdon, the Human Resources Advisor at the Treasury Board Secretariat, about
payment. On 15 September 2023, Superintendent Hooper informed the Sergeants
that they would be paid on 30 September 2023. He was not paid. On 11 October
2023, he again asked Ms. Langdon about compensation. On 25 October 2023, she
advised him to submit a ticket. On 31 October 2023, she informed him that he would
not be paid. On 7 November 2023, Thomas Elliott, the Business Administrator at the
Central North Correctional Centre confirmed that he would not receive any further
compensation than what was previously provided. The Complainant therefore
submits that he only became aware that he would not be compensated on 31
October 2023. He filed his grievance with the Deputy Minister on 8 November 2023,
and given the lack of response, he filed his Application with the Board on 11
December 2023. He submits that he thus met the 14-day requirement.
[19] The Complainant James Steenson substantially relies on the arguments of the
Complainant David Bell.
Analysis
[20] I will address first the complaint filed by David Bell.
[21] There is no disagreement that the Complainant was not paid for conducting the rapid
antigen testing from the time that he was required to begin testing himself on 18
February 2022 until 6 March 2023 (the “non payments”). From 6 March until 30 April
2023, he was compensated, but not at 1.5 times his regular rate (the “disputed
payment amounts”). The Complainant alleges that this violated one of the terms and
conditions governing his employment relationship.
[22] As in Kurczak (para 26), I must determine when the Complainant became aware of
the alleged violation. He submits that he was not aware that he would not be
compensated at 1.5 times his regular rate until 31 October 2023 when he received
confirmation that he would not in fact be paid for conducting the mandatory rapid
antigen tests on himself before reporting for work. Therefore, the 14-day time period
set out in subsection 8(4)3 of Regulation 378/07 with regard to his obligation to give
notice to the Employer to contest the decision to not compensate him only arose at
that point in time. The Employer submits that the Complainant was aware since the
beginning of the requirement to conduct rapid antigen testing that he was not being
paid and he should have made his complaint then.
[23] It is a fact that the Complainants were not being paid since the implementation of
the testing requirement. If the Complainants had examined their pay, they would
have known that they were not being paid. I find that they either knew or reasonably
ought to have known at the end of the first pay period after the rapid antigen testing
requirement was implemented that they were not being paid for conducting those
tests on themselves. Therefore the 14-day period began to run at that time and must
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be calculated from the day of the first nonpayment after the implementation of the
mandatory testing, that is March 2022. It follows that the complaint made on 8
November 2023 to the Deputy Minister for nonpayment did not fall within the 14-day
period as it was made some 20 months after the nonpayment. Also, even if each
subsequent nonpayment was considered to be a new violation that gave rise to a
new cause of action or right to file a complaint with the Deputy Minister (a point that
need not be decided here), these alleged violations for nonpayment would also be
out of time as the Complainant did not file a complaint within any of the subsequent
14-day periods.
[24] With regard to the complaint about the disputed payment amounts, the Complainant
was notified about the proposed payment by a memo dated 29 May 2023 from Kevin
Sawicki, Executive Director, Institutional Services. It is at that time that he became
aware of the disputed payment amount and the 14-day notice period began to run.
That window for filing a complaint would then have closed on 12 June 2023. As the
complaint was only filed with the Deputy Minister on 8 November 2023, it is out of
time.
[25] With regards to the complaint filed by James Steenson, the same reasoning applies
subject to any modification to the relevant dates in his complaint. I thus find that his
complaint is also out of time.
Res judicata
[26] The doctrine of res judicata prevents a party from litigating a second time an issue
that has already been determined by a court or tribunal. In the employment context,
once an issue has been decided by a court, a tribunal or an adjudicator, the parties
to the grievance—the employer, the employee or, where applicable, the union—are
bound by that decision.
[27] The issue of res judicata only arises if the complaints comply with the required
timelines set out in Regulation 378/07. As I have found that they were not, it is not
necessary for me to determine whether the doctrine of res judicata is applicable in
the circumstances.
Conclusion
[28] The complaints were made out of time as the Complainants knew very early on that
they were not being compensated. I find that the complaints are untimely and I
sustain the preliminary objection of the Employer.
[29] Accordingly, these complaints are dismissed.
Dated at Toronto, Ontario this 25th day of April 2024.
“Henri Pallard”
__________________________
Henri Pallard, Vice-Chair