HomeMy WebLinkAbout1977-0056.Maniate.dateunknownCROi‘N EHPLOYEES 416/964 6426
GRIEVANCESETTLEMENT
EOARD
Between:
Before:
For the Grievor:
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under The
CROWN EMPLOY~EES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT-BOARD
.' Mrs. Maribeth Maniate
And
Ministry of Health
K. P. Swan Vice-Chairman
A. Fortier Member
0. Anderson Member
Mr. George Richards
Representative
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
1901 Yonge,Street
Toronto, Ontario
For the-Employer:
Mr. I. Freedman, Counsel
Ministry of Health
Hearing:
July 25, 1977
Suite 405
77 Bloor Street Wes
Toronto, Ontario
t
2.
Following the completion of the hearing in this matter,
the Board issued the following decision by telegram to the parties:
RE: 56/77 MANIATE AND MINISTRY OF HEALTH FOR
REASONS TO BE ISSUED SUBSEQUENTLY IN WRITING,
MARIBETH MANIATE IS TO BE REINSTATED IN EMPLOYMENT
WITH THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH EFFECTIVE MONDAY AUGUST
1, 1977 WITHOUT COMPENSATION FOR LOST EARNINGS.
HER REINSTATEMENT IS AS A PROBATIONARY EMPLOYEE FOR
A PERIOD OF SIX MONTHS FROM THE DATE OF REINSTATEMENT.
K. P. Swan, Chairman
The reasons for this decison follow.
The grievor, Mrs. Maribeth Maniate, had been employed as a
Nurse 2 General at Lakeshore Psychiatric Hospital since May 17, 1976.
She was discharged from employment effective February 28, 19774
Consequently having less than one year's service, she was a
probationary employee at the time of discharge. This Board has
already asserted jurisdiction over the rejection of employees during
the probationary period, in.certain circumstances, in me ayce and
‘Ministry of the Attorney General,~21/76, which adopted the principles
laid down in Re'Erikson and Ministry of Correctional Services, 12/75
despite Article 30.6.1 of the collective agreement effective between the
present parties at the material time. We were invited by Mr. Freedman,
for the employer, at the beginning of the hearing, to re-consider
the decision of the Board, differently constituted, in the JOYCE
case, and both parties were conten,t to leav,e that re-consideration
to be done on the basis of the arguments presented in JOYE.
We have, therefore, reviewed the arguments.and the decision
in JOYE, and we are satisfi~ed that the award on the preliminary
objection in that case thoroughly and correctly states the law
applicable to the present case as well. We dare, therefore, satis-
fied to leave the issue of arbitrability to rest on the same grounds
as those stated in Joyce, which we consider to be correct. In doing
3.
so, we consider it inappropriate, as we note below, to comment further
on the extent to which the~Board will re-consider its own decisions as
to interpretation of the applicable statutes or as to construction
of a.collective agreement in the future.
One more matter of a preliminary nature must be considered.'
Mr. Richards, for the union, raised. the equities of the grievor's
position in light of the employer's invitation for us to reconsider
Joyce and the implication that a decision affirming &yce might be the
subject of an apRlication::by the employer,for judici.aTrevj:ew.
The union raised the issue of res judicata, and some argument was
exchanged on this subject. Finally, however, Mr. Freedman undertook
that any deciston of this Board would be implemented immediately, what-
ever proceedings might subsequently be initiated by the employer to
question the. validity of this Board's interpretation of the law.
We therefore do not propose here to discuss the issue of res judicata -
as it,applies to previous determinations of the Board; that question can
await a case in which it arises squarely and is thoroughly argued. As
for the specific case of the present grievor, should she successfully
complete her probationary period only to find that the basis on which
she was reinstated has been subsequently struck down on judicial~ review,
we do not consider that any real difficulties are presented. The
Divisional Court exercises a discretionary jurisdiction on judicial
review and may, if it determines that we are wrong in our adoption
of the reasoning in Joyce, strike down the Board's decision by way
of declaration without harming the position of the grievor who,
relying upon our award, may well have proved to be a successful
probationer and a valued permanent emnioyee. We are content to ~
leave such questions to the discretion and equitable jurisdiction of
the court, should the present matter be referred thereto.
4.
We therefore proceed to the merits of the present
grievance, noting that ths criteria by which arbitrators have normally
dealt with rejection of employees on probation were adopted in Erikson
on pp. 20 - ~23 and quoted with approval in JCJYC~ at pp. 34 - 37. The
proper standard of review set out in those two statements may be
summarized in two basic statements.
First, a probationary employee is entitled to a fair and
proper assessment, which requirement assumes that a sufficient period of
time will be allowed to demonstrate his or her proficiency and capabi-
lity; that the duties and responsibilities of~the position have been
clearly articul~ated to him or her;that reasonable standards of
behaviour and performances are expected of the employee; that progress
is systematically reviewed and that the employer has made reasonable
efforts to coach, instruct and inform the employee throughout the
probationary period. To this general sunnnary relating to cases of
"release", . we might add that where the "release" is essentially
punitive in nature, the same requirements of due process as those
relating to discharge of a regular employee, if not the same standards.
of conduct, would also apply. Second, the onus of demonstrating
affirmatively that the requirements of due process have been met
rests on the employer.
The grievor graduated from the school of nursing at Wood-
stock General Hospital in 1973, is a Registered Nurse, and has taken one
year of post-diploma study in psychiatric nursing at Ryerson Institute.
Upon completion of this program, she started work at Lakeshore.
Her nursing experience upon starting work was limited to some part
time work in nursing homes. From her hiring in May, 1976 until
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5.
July, she was assigned to general nursing duties in the Rehabilita-
tion Unit, Ward 3. She,was then transferred to the screening unit,
doing admissions work, until November 1. At that time she was
transferred to the Day-Care Assessment Rehabilitation Etobicoke
Centre - or DARE; it was here that the difficulties which led to
this grievance began. Until that time, the grievor apparently
performed satisfactorily. She was only appraised once on the work
she performed during this period, and (although the appraisal was
not in evidence) the grievor's uncontradicted testimony is that
the appraisal was fair, pointed out both strengths and weaknesses,
and led her to believe that she was performing satisfactorily.
At~DARE, however, things did not proceed smoothly.
DARE is a rather experimental unit, designed to maintain and
rehabilitate chronically ill psychiatric patients who are living
land, in some cases, working in the community. All treatment, and
some rehabilitative therapy in a vocational workshop, is on an
outpatient basis. An important factor in the maintenance of
patients is the medication program, which is designed to control
psychosis in the patients and thus permit them to be rehabilitated
in community life. The medications used are phenothiazines,
including'Moditen or Medicate. Some patients take oral medica-
tion once or more daily. Others receive long-acting injection
drugs at one to three week-intervals. Some 200 or more clients
are enrolled at the clinic, of whom about 110 are receiving
Moditen by injection. An interuption in treatment might well
lead to a recurrence of psychosis, and therefore a carefully
administered system of appointments and checks is maintained to
ensure that all outpatients are medicated as n~ecessary to avoid
relapses.
6.
The grievor spent her first partial day at DARE observing.
On the second day, Heather Sheehan, an experienced registered nurse
and Community Mental Health Nurse at DARE, indocrinated the grievor
into the duties of "medication nurse", a function which was being
fulfilled by Mrs. Sheehan onthat day and which, at the time, rotated
among all of the nurses in that Centre. There is some apparent dis-
pute as to precisely what was covered on that'occasion, and we have
therefore reviewed the evidence carefully; our conclusions will be
noted later.
By the end of the second week in November, the grievor
had been assigned exclusively to the "medication nurse" role. This
assignment was made because she was pregnant, and would eventually
go on pregnancy leave. Because her work would be interrupted, it was
considered better not to assi~gn her a caseload of patients, since her
departure would of necessity interrupt the continuity of the counsel-
ling and guidance aspects of caseload work. In fact, however, the
grievor was assigned a small caseload, mostly of patients who had
been involved in the program for a long time. The caseload appears
at some times to have been about half as large as that of other nurses.
Toward the end of November, errors in the performance of
the grievor's work began to surface. Because of the nature of the
evidence of these errors, it is ,important to note the grievor's
attendance record during the period in question. The earli~est errors
brought to our attention were on November 24, 1976. On December 1,
the grievor was hospitalized, and she did not return to work until
December 13. She worked two 5-day weeks (Dec. 12 - 17 and
7.
Dec. 20 - 24) and then went on a combination of holiday and
vacation until January 3. She worked January 4 - 7 and January
10 - 14~, and was then ill until Januapy 30. She returned to
work January 31, but at that time she was relieved of responsi-
bility for medication, and nothing that occurs after that date
is relevant to the issues before'us.
There had‘clearly been some serious difficulties during
this period. The "flag-sheet", a procedure for identifying patients
who had not appeared for scheduled medication injections, had not
been filled in on some occasions. On some other occasions, nurse-
therapists had brought to the grievor's attention the failure of a
patient to attend and the absence of any "flag-sheet" notation.
As a consequence, there clearly was some apprehension among staff
members for the welfare of their patients, and this apprehension
was eventually communicated to management.
As a result, a meeting of all nursing staff was held on
January 14, 1977. This meeting was a part of the "peer supervision"
system in force at DARE, in which group responsibility was exercised
over the proper management of nursing functions in the clinic; The
details of that meetjng aremostly vague, but some points are clear.
First, this was the only formal occasion on which anyone had approached
the grievor with criticisms of her work. Second, the grievor's state-
ments on that occasion (as reported by other witnesses and by herself)
indicate that some aspects of the details of her job were still unclear
to her at that time.
These two factors are both extremely important. We have
already noted this Board's jurisprudence that requires systematic
review and discussion of the progress of probationary employees by
a.
the employer. There was evidence that weekly staff meetings were.
held regularly, and yet the grievor's performance did not arise at
any one of them until the January 14 meeting. It is furthermore very
.important to note that the January 14 meeting was not only the first,
but the last, occasion on which the grievor's conduct was'reviewed. '~
She was removed from medication duties, suspended and discharged
without ever having an opportunity to demonstrate that she had
benefitted from the only counselling she had ever received. We
note that there had been incidents when individual nurse-therapists
had spoken'to her about specific cases. The only direct evidence
we have of this, however, is Mrs. Sheehan's observation that
whenever she had raised a specific case there had been an explanation
of the occurrence which she found satisfactory.
As to the second point, we do not doubt that Mrs. Sneehan's
initial indoctrination was complete and comprehensive. We are,
however, left in some doubt whether she and the grievor ever really
understood each other on the importance.of the "flag-sheet" in
reporting missed medication a~ppointments. It is also clear that
.. the grievor had never been properly instructed in the somewhat
unusual techniques used for ordering medications until after the
January 14 meeting. Given the Board's standards for employer
treatment of probationers.(mentioned above), including a require-
ment thatall duties be thoroughly and clearly explained, we are
not satisfied that the grievor was properly prepared~for the duties
expected of her.
We turn finally to the specific allegations of misconduct
9;
on the grievor's part. Because of the general unrest about
medication procedures, an audit of medication records was ordered
by management, and was carried out by the Director of Nursing for
the hospital, Mrs. Sheila Latimer. Mrs. Latimer's audit, dated
March 14, 1977, was produced in evidence, (Exhibit 7) and she also
testified as to its preparation- and expanded on its detail. It was
based on a number of written reports from the DARE staff, and some
of it is clearly hearsay evidence. Most of it,'however, is a
compilation by Mrs. Latimer herself of clinic records, and is
thus not objectionable as evidence. For the purposes of this case,
we shall treat it all as evidence having cogency in law, and we are
satisfied that it.is all true.
We have analyzed, as best we can, tht events listed on
the audit. Some of those relate directly to the ordering of medi-
cations, and we have already indicated that we are not satisfied
that,the grievor's indoctrination ln ordering procedures was complete
until it was too late. In any event, one ordering err,or was held
over from October 26, 1976,.before the grievor even arrived at DARE.
Three Moditen injection appointments were not made immediately
following admimstration of the,injections, as is required by the
procedure. All of these incidents occurred on the same day, November
10; 1976, at a time when it is not entirely clear that the grievor
had yet been placed entirely in charge of medic~ations, or had even
done medication duty~ more than once or twice. No further mistakes
.: .= ,.
of this nature we&ever made.'.‘:"~ '..
Another series of errors related to the "pouring" of medications,
10.
which was done the day previous to their administration. On one
day, the grievor fainted atwork, and left for home afterwards, and
may not have completed the pourings. On one other day, pourings
were also incomplete, but the grievor was unable to explain this
incident. In any event, all these errorsrelated to incomplete,
not incorrect, preparation of dosages; they were certain to be
corrected, and were, before administration on the following day.
Leaving aside some minor complaints about the form of
the griever's bookkeeping, and a few matters which we are unable
to understand and whose significance was unexplained, all of the
other incidents were failures to note a missed appointment on the
flag sheets. The grievor missed flagging eleven times during the
period, but what is particularly interesting is that other clinic
' employees also erred in.this way on three occasions during the
grievor's absences. Indeed, another audit done by Mrs. Latimer
for comparison purposes also showed six "flag errors" in July,
1976 - all by-experienced staff $fthe clinic.
Based on all of this ~evidence, we have come to the
conclusion that the gn~evor had made some consiaerable errors ana
that, given the serious consequences which could have resulted,
those errors merited some discipline. In a probationary employee,
repeated errors in a function central to the duties required in
the job may well be ample grounds, all o~ther things being equal,
for rejection. As we have noted, however; we do not consider that
the grievor was given a proper opportunity to prove, herself.
11.
First, as we have said, her indocrination appears to
have left something to be desired. Second, the counselling and
review of her progress which probationers ought to be able to
expect was woefully absent, and she was never allowed to profit
from the one session in which her shortcomings were aired. Third,
the errors which were ultimately the cause of her discharge were
errors which were frighteningly common, even among those peers
who ultimately confronted her with her shortcomings and led to her
discharge. Finally, the grievor was clearly under considerable
physical and emotional stress at this time, and was ill for long
periods. In our view, therefore, discharge (ore "rejection",
although we view this as clearly a disciplinary.matter) is too
serious a response to the grievor's conduct.
We have therefore ordered her reinstatement, but
without compensation, and have re-established her probationary
period as well.to ensure that the fair and adequate opportunity
to which she is entitled to prove her competence is made available
to her - and to her employer as well, who has a clear interest in
the matter of~a reconstituted probation period. Although we would
have considered the period from her discharge until her reinstatement
an excessively long suspension under all the circumstances, we were
informed that she was in any event unavailable for work (and
ineligible for paid leave) for much of this period due to preg-
nancy and related illness. The amount of time actually lost
12.
appears to us to be, in general terms, a sufficient penalty for
.the grievor's conduct and to bring home to her the seriousness
of the events leading to this grievance.
K. P. Swan
I concur
~A. Fortier
I concur
D. Anderson