HomeMy WebLinkAbout1979-0036.Watters.80-02-06Between:
Before:
For 'the Grievor:
For the Employer:
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under The
CROWN EMPLOYEES GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Mrs. Sheila Watters
And
The Ministry of Housing
Professor K. Swinton Vice-Chairman
Mr. 'E. McLean Member
Mr. R. Cochrane Member
Mr. G. Jones
Canadian IJnion of Public Employees
Mr. H. Knight
Personnel Branch
Ministry of Housing
Hearing:
December 7, 1979
January 10, 1980
This is a grievance in which Mrs. Sheila Watters claims that
she has been unjustly laid off since November 30, 1978. The employer,
the Ministry of Housing, has argued that she has been laid off for
good reason, namely her inability to perform the tasks assigned to
her.
Mrs. Watt&s was employed by The Hastings, Prince Edward and
Belleville Housing Authority as a Clerk 4, General from August 5,
1975 until her layoff. She was hired to perform the task of Book-
keeper, having answered a newspaper advertisement which called for
a Bookkeeper (Ex. 9). The advertisement stated that a bookkeeper was
required "to be responsible for all accounting and financial operations
of the office. Your duties will include Rent Receivables and Accounts
Payable as well as Budget preparation end Budgetary Control." NO
formal job description, other than this advertisement, was ever
made available for the grievor's job.
The job of Bookkeeper, classified at a Clerk 4 level, was
intended to be a senior administrative position in the office. Mrs.
K. Kokesh, the Housing Manager for The Hastings, Prince Edward and
Belleville Housing Authority, testified that she hired the grievor
because she'felt Mrs. Watters to be suitably qualified for the position.
The grievor had experience in the insurance business and in the federal
government and had done payrolls for an office with two to three people.
The job which Mrs. Watters first took up when she went to work,for
the Authority~ and the job as it evolved over the next few years were very
different. Mrs. Watters was hired in anticipation of a decentraliza-
tion programne underway in'the Ministry. The plan was to decentralize the
handling of accounts from Toronto, giving this accounting function to
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local housing authorities. .The planned date of decentralization was
September, 1975, but this was postponed until March, 1976 because of
complications in establishing the local housing authority.
During the period prior to decentralization, the grievor per-
formed a.variety of routine clerical tasks, such as organizing files
or assisting with tenant applications. She did not really start to
assume the duties of the position for which she was hired until March,
1976 when the McBee accounting system was installed. At this point,
Mrs. Watters took over responsibility' for the accounts. She was
assisted by Miss Anne Bailey, who helped with debiting rents, taking
rent payments from tenants,-and preparing bank deposits.
In February, 1977 the Accounts Payable function was also decen-
tralized. Miss Bailey took over responsiblity for this function, under
Mrs. Watters' supervision.
A few months after the McBee system was implemented, Mrs.
Kokesh began to discover deficiencies in the grievor's work, largely
in the form of balancing problems at month end. The grievor was
responsible for month-end balancing of the Receivables, Payables,
General Ledger and bank reconciliations. These problems continued
and led to a series of unfavourable performance appraisals. The first
written appraisal, dated August 5, 1977 (Ex. 5), pointed up several
deficiencies on the grievor's part, including inadequate knowledge of
accounting procedures, limited knowledge of banking procedures, and a
need for improvement in supervisory skills. Mrs. Kokesh pointed out
that the grievor was still not performing all the tasks for which she
had been hired and that she was really doing the work of a Clerk 3. It
was suggested that the grievor might want to apply for a Clerk 3 opening
in' January, 1978 because of health problems which she was experiencing,
. .
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but she declined to do so.
The difficulties continued, and were documented in a further
performance appraisal dated March 31, 1978 (Ex. 6). The Accounts
Receivable and the bank accounts had not been balanced since October,
1977, necessitating the assistance of the Branch Financial Officer
from Ottawa. At the time of this appraisal, the'grievor agreed that
her work was substandard.
Further compljcations arose~in January, 1978 when the grievor
was required to assume added responsibilities. Specifically, she was
required to take over the payroll function for the 19 to 20 people in
the office, which Mrs. Kokesh had performed for the last year. The
office was tied into the Royal Bank's computerized payroll system. The
grievor's training consisted of one half day's training by Mrs. Kokesh
and 1% days with a service representative from the Royal Bank. Mrs.
Kokesh said that she helped the grievor with the payroll for a couple
of months, and a manual of instructions was available.
The grievor testified that she found her training to be inadequate,
for the bank service representative spent little time training her, while
Mrs. Kokesh often refused to answer questions, referring her to.the policy
manual instead. This manual was somewhat confusing to her, as it con-
sisted of "updates" filed separately from the instructions.
The grievor's performance with regard to the payroll was very
unsatisfactory to Mrs. Kokesh. Mrs. Watters admitted that "payroll
scared me silly." Her errors included both overpayments and under-
payments, as well as programming errors. Mrs. Kokesh discussed these
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problems with her and included her criticisms in a further Performance
Appraisal dated August 7, 1978 (Ex. 7). She noted that there had
been little change in the areas of performance which had required
improvement in August, 1977.
Subsequently, on September 1, 1978, Mrs. Kokesh wrote to the
grievor, advising her that her level of performance would be reviewed
over the next three months (Ex. 8). It continued:
"The level of performance expected of you as a
bookkeeper should be at a level such that I have
enough confidence in your work that it is not neces-
sary to always check and correct it.
If this level of performance is not met within the
next three months, then I will have no other choice
than to proceed with termination of your employment
with this Housing Authority."
There was no improvement during the evaluation period, with
further mechanical errors in retroactive pay. Therefore, on November
30, 1978, the grievor was laid off with two weeks pay in lieu of notice..
The letter (Ex. 3) stated,
"You will be laid off in accordance with article 7.01 (e)
Of the Collective Agreement until such time as a vacancy
becomes available for which you possess the necessary skills
and ability."
Article 7.01 (e) deals with loss of seniority, and states:
.an employee will lose all seniority and e@OYment
shall be deemed to be terminated if he/she:
(e) 1s laid off for a continuou.s period Of Six mCoth.s;
provided however that seniority da11 not k lost
for twelve months if at the end of six (6) co=e-
cutive na7th.5 of layoff the employee notifies the
Employer thet he wants his full seniority rights
to continue for an additional six (6) consecutive mntti. The EmplOyer at the time of layoff k-ill
notify the affected employees in writing of this
provision.
i 5
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Mrs. Kokesh testified that she decided to lay off the grievor,
rather than move her to a position in a lower classification, because there
was no other job available to which the grievor could be moved. There
were two Clerk 3's in the office. The Clerk doing the Accounts
Receivable function, for which Mrs. Watters was qualified, had the
greater seniority. The Accounts Pay&le clerk had less'. : :
seniority, but the grievor lacked the typing skills necessary for
that position.
It is the grievor's contention that she was unjustly laid off.
Counsel argued that the grievor was asked to perform duties and
responsibilities far greater than those normally expected of a Clerk
4. It was also argued that she was unjustly treated in that she was
given inadequate training to prepare her for the new tasks assigned,
specifically the payroll function.
The first argument turns on the interpretation of the Class Standards
.for the classification of Clerk 5 in The Ministry of Housing (Ex. 10). The
Union has argued that the payroll and financial functions should be
handled by a Clerk 5. Since the grievor was hired as a Clerk 4, the
employer cannot discipline her for failure to meet the standards
associated with the higher rated classification, for such expectations
are unreasonable. The Clerk 5 standard says, in part, that "These
employees will be the senior person in the unit responsible for the
spekific function..." , whereas the Clerk 4 standard says that typical
duties include, inter m, woperating of a portion of an accounting
section, such as, accounts payable, under the direction of an office
supervisor or financial officer" (emphasis added). Since the
grievor was in charge of all financial functions (Accounts Payable -
and Receivable, as well as payroll), it is argued that she was being
asked to do Clerk 5 work.
Two points were made by the employer to answer this argument.
First, it was noted that the duties of a Clerk 5 were much more
senior than those of a Clerk 4. The typical duties of the Clerk
4 standard are illustrative, not exhaustive. Furthermore, the
administration of the payroll function is specifically mentioned as
a typical duty of the Clerk 3 position.
In considering the evidence and arguments, we have concluded
that the grievor was not being asked to do tasks that fell outside
the scope of the position for which she was hired. It is somewhat
difficult to deal with this argument, based as it is on a conclusion
that the grievor was, in effect, improperly classified. The grievor never
objected to~her~ classification, although she did write to the'Personne1
Director, Mr. Frank Harrison in Toronto on August 24, 1978, asking for a
desk audit (Ex.17 ). In reviewing the evidence, however, it would
seem that she was hired to take a senior administrative position
which encompassed all financial functions. That could well include
payroll, often'a Clerk 3 duty, as well as balancing of accounts. The
tasks set out in the Clerk 4 standard are only illustrative, but
they seem to indicate that the employee is expected to assume a
degree of responsibility and to exercise some independent judgment,
as the grievor was expected to do here. Therefore, we would conclude
that the grievor was.not being asked to do tasks ,beyond the scope
of the position for which she was hired.
The issue then becomes whether the employer acted properly in
laying off the grievor. Arbitrators have distinguished the situation
where the employer takes disciplinary action against an employee for
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carelessness or poor work habits from the situation where an employer
takes action against a blameless employee who is incapable of meeting
the standards of the job for which he or shewas.hired. In the latter
case, it has been held that the employer should not discipline the
employee. Rather, the appropriate action is to try to transfer the
employee to a less onerous position which he or she is capable of
filling; to allow the employee to exercise seniority rights on
another job for which he or she is qualified; or to lay off the
employee until a suitable opening is available (~a United Automobile ,, ~.
Workers and De Havilland Aircraft of Canada Ltd. (19641, 15 L.A.C.
284 (Las-kin) at 287; Re Atomic Energy Allied Council, Local 1601 and
Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. (1962). 13 L.A.C. 210 (Cross); Re United
Automobile Workers, Local 35 and Libby, McNeil1 and Libby of Canada
Ltd. (19721, 23 L.A.C. 287 (Palmer) at 289; Re Are Canada Ltd. and -
Int'l Assoc. of Machinists, Lodge 1817 (1975), 10 L.A.C. (2d) 81
:(Beattyj at 85).
It is arguable that the employer here has taken the proper
course in 'laying off the grievor, rather than discharging her, provided
that the employer had adequate reason to conclude that the grievor was
not competent to perform the tasks expected of her at the time of
layoff. In reviewing the question of competence of an employee,
the employer cannot expect perfection in all facets of work. To
quote Professor Beatty in the &case above (at 89)
"The test that is adoptedby a majority of arbitrators
to assess the qualifications and capabilities of an employee
to perform a particular job is that of reasonable ability
or‘ the ability of a reasonably able, skilful and e;ficient
workman of the same classification."
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It was argued by the Union that Mrs. Kokesh's standards were
too high and that she expected perfection. From the evidence, it
would appear, however, that Mrs. Watters failed to meet the standard
of reasonable ability to do the work of the Clerk 4 position. Her
own evidence, as well as that of her supervisor, Mrs. Kokesh, was
to the effect that she had ongoing difficulty with the payroll. As
well, she had continued problems in performing basic accounting, and book-
keeping functions for which she was hired, pleading Mrs. Kokesh to feel
that she must constantly check the grievor's work. Mrs. Watters did
point out that some of the errors in the accounts were those of her
subordinates, for which she was held responsible.
Nevertheless, she did admit that she made errors of her own and
ultimately, it was her responsibility to balance the accounts and to
administer the payroll: Neither task was performed satisfactorily.
Mrs. Watters‘ difficulties and her inability to understand the payroll
system caused an increase in workload for her supervisor, who felt
obliged to check the grievor's work. .Overall, it can be concluded
that this was not the level of performance to be reasonably expected
of an employee at the Clerk 4 level.
Mrs. Watters expressed concern at the lack of training for the
tasks which she was performing. It would indeed be unreasonable for
the employer to impose new tasks on an employee without explaining
those tasks and providing some period of familiarization. However,
thece is a limit on the familiarization period that can be'expected.
Mrs. Watters was given some formal training, plus repeated guidance
by Mrs. Kokesh, according to her testimony and that of Mrs. Kokesh.
She failed to use the procedural manual adequately and ,again had
ongoing difficulty. While it was clear from Mrs. Watters' testimony
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that she is a very honest and sincere person and very much
committed to learning.her job, there is a limit to the employer's
duty to provide training. Here, the grievor had approximately
eleven months to come to terms with the payroll function, which
must be regarded as adequate in the circumstances.
Therefore, we would conclude that the employer had cause
to be concerned about Mrs. Watters' performance. The Union has
suggested that she should then have been offered a lower classi-
fied position which she was capable of performing. There are
major problems with this suggestion. First, there are no bumping
rights under the Collective Agreement (Ex. l), so she was not entitled
to demand another job. Secondly, even if there were such rights,
there was no job available for which she was capable. The Accounts
Payable clerk was less senior than the griever,. but Mrs. Watters'
typing skills were inadequate for the job. Therefore, the employer
acted properly in laying off the grievor until such time as a
further job became available.
It is unfortunate that no other job was available at the
time of lay off, for the grievor is clearly a sincere and interested
employee. While the employer was justified in laying her off in
November, 1978, the Board is concerned that the effect of this
layoff should not amount to "discharge" due to the lapse of time.
irrdisposing of this grievance and,to the effect of the loss of
seniority provisions in the Collective Agreement (Article 7.01 (e)).
Discharge in these circumstances would be too severe a penalty for
the grievor. Therefore, pursuant to our jurisdiction under s. 18 (3)
Of The Crown Employees' Collective Bargaining Act, S.O. 1972, c. 67,aS am.,
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the Board would uphold the employer's decision to layoff, but give the
grievor a further period of one year from the date of this award to exercise
the seniority rights which she had accumulated at the time of the layoff and
to seek employment in any position in the Hastings, Prince Edward and
Belleville Housing Authority for which she is qualified.
Dated at Toronto this 6th day of February 1980.
let
Prof. K. Swinton Vice-Chairman
I concur
Mr. E. McLean Member
I concur
Mr. R. Cochrane Member