HomeMy WebLinkAbout1981-0041.Gerrard.82-06-30278/81
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITmTION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD.
Between : OLBEU (G. Gerrardl
-and-
Grievor
T:?e Crown in Right of Ontario
(Liquor Ccntrol Board of Ontario) Employer
Before: S.B. Linden, Q.C. .- Vice Chair-man
K. O'Neil - Member
W. Lobraico - Member
For the Grievor: E. Baker, General Secretary
Ontario Liquor Boards Employees' ,Union
For the Employer: M. P. Moran, Counsel
Hicks, Morley, Hamilton, Stewart & Storie
Hearing: January 15,.1982
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The grievance in this matter, fil
at the hearing, is essentially as follows:
"In accordance with Article 21.4 of the collective
ed as Exibit ii1
aqreement~ between the Liquor Control Board of Ontario
and the Employees' Union, I do hereby grieve that
contrary to Article 5.6 (a) I have been denied
overtime pay and; further that I have been ordered
to work other than my scheduled shift, contrary to
Article 5..14".
The Union argues that the Employer ~has ~improperly chanced
the Grievor's shift in an attempt to introduce an additional shift
and establish it as a practice. TheUnion argues that the Collec-
tive Agreement provides that shifts should be posted a week in
advance and that the hours of the various shifts should comply
with those set out in Article 5.2 of the Aqreement. The store
this particular case is open from 10:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. and
the-Union asks if the Employer has the right to schedule a
in
combination of normal working shifts during a week. The Emplcyer
maintains that management-can change the hours worked on a shift
from day to day so long as they are within the normal hours. ~.
For example, the Employer says that it can schedule an employee
to be off on a Monday and work Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday on
day shift from 9:00 a.m. to 6:OO p.m., work a second shift on
Friday from 3:00 p.m. to 1O:OO p.m. and then work a regular day
shift again on Saturday from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p:m. The issue
in this case really revolves around the definition of the .word
"shift" - is a shift a week of working,the same hours as the
Union maintains or is a shift the hours worked by an employee
on an individual working day?
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:4r . Michael Sullivan, the President of the Local,
has- had considerable experience with the Union and says that in
his experience people are normally scheduled fcr a week on the
day shift or a week on the second shift. Mr . Sullivan pointed
out that the number of shifts an individual store maintains
depends on the number of employees working in the store. A
high 'volume store is qenerally a double shift store as are
some stores that have extended hours, that is, stores that are
open late on Thursday and Friday nights. Apparently, there
are over 600 L.C.B.O. stores in the province and approximately
90 of them are double shift stores. It is ccmmon practice to
have people starting at different times during a working day
but, Mr. Sullivan said that he had never experienced a split.
shift, that is, workinq 9:00 to 6:00 one day and 3:00 to 10:00
the next day in the same week. A former employee of the L.C.B.O.,
Mr. Dave Buchanan testified and indicated that he had been asked
to work a split shift while working at the L.C.B.O. and grieved.
The Grievor in this case, Mr. Gerrard, testified and
said that he had once worked for Store #183 in Brampton and his
shift was changed from the day shift to the second shift. This
was the first time it happened to him and that incident eventually
was resolved. Mr . Gerrard is a Union representative and testified
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that he hadnever heard about split shifts before his own
experience but said that he did hear about some employees who
had complained about the practice but no one had grieved as far
as he knows. He was asked why he thought the L.C.B.O. was doinq
this and he said that it was to avoid paying 0vertim.e and also
to accommodate the busy periods. Both parties have asked this
Board to remain seized in the event there are probiems in the
implementation of this award.
On cross-examination, Mr. Gerrard agreed that splitting
shifts would cut down on overtime. It would qi.Je the Eoard more
flexibility to accommodate busy periods durinq a store's business
hours. But, the Grievor still felt that a shift meant that you
worked the whole week on days, that is, 9:00 to 6:00 or a whole
week on nights, that is, 3:00 to lO:OO, with no chance of times
worked during the week, even if posted in advance. He felt that
only the Store Manager could have his shift changed like this.
Mr. Tony Marsella, Store Manager of L.C.B.O. Store
%183, testified on behalf of the Employer. He has been with
the Liquor Board since 1965. He said that he did schedule a
~"swinq" shift just befpre Christmas because he-needed experienced
employees on the second "night" shift. He says that normally he
is reluctant to do this. He also said that the Grievor was not
the only employee who had to split his shift. The whole staff
had to do one "night" shift during the m.onth. He said that he,
had worked elsewhere where swing shifts were used. Indeed, he
said that he himself worked a swing shift when he was a Xanager
at another double shift store.
M- L.
Ball, the Assistant Director of Store Operations,
also testified. He said that swing shifts are used, general11
as required, depending on the volume of business. He said that
an individual Store Manager makes the decisions and there is a
qreat deal of fluctuation between the days of the week and the
times of the year as far as business is concerned. Fe said that
he worked a swing shift himseif in 1968 and as a Manager he
implemented it sometime between 1972 and 1974. He said he did
a quick survey himself on the stores between Oshawa and Oakville
and 25~of 40 stores in the survey used a swing shift, as required.
There was some agreement between the parties regarding a
"compressed" work week relative to some stores where the Xanaqer
reserves the right to "swing shift". (.For example, the 3:00 p.m.
to 1O:OO p.m. shift is only 7 hours long but is a premium shift.)
Mr. Ball inferred that the Agreement contemplates the existence
of a swing shift by allowing for this premium. He also said that
he is not aware of any store in which the employees have agreed
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not to work a swing shift - it is not something to be agreed to,
but just part of the working arrangements. Nanaqement reserves
the right to use the swing shift when they feel that it is
required. There are times when a nucleus of experienced people
in a store is required and the Manager has to have the right to
resort to a swing shift, if necessary, in order to have these
experienced staff in the store. Each store is different and it
depends on the circumstances.
The Union;in its argument, asks if the Employer can
introduce a new daily "shift" into an already scheduled weekly
shift. The Union argued that the Board should'look at a.shift as
a period of, time covering a week. The work schedules are posted
a week in advance,and reflect a full week of work and it should
consist of-a week of day shift or a week of second or night shift.
Union Counsel says the word "shift" is used in the Collective
Agreement with no other modifying words. ne maintains that "shift"
refers to a week of working days or a week of working nights and
not a combination of the two. He acknowledged that the Employer -.
should be able to operate efficiently but that this could be
accomplished by bringing in employees on overtime. i-:e also says
that the Collective Agreement between the part,ies does not provide
for altering shifts and that should be done at negotiations, not
by interpretation of the Collective Agreement.
The relevant provisions of the Collective Aqreernent
acre as follows:
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"5.1 For the purpose of this Article:
(a) 'holiday' means a day on which a holiday falls or the
day that is allowed in lieu thereof when the employee
is required to work on the day of the holiday, as defined
in Article 6.
(b) 'overtime' means a period of work computed to the nearest
fifteen (15) minutes and,
i) performed on a regular working day in excess of
the regular working period and consisting of at
least fifteen (15) minutes, or,
ii) performed on a holiday or other day that is not
a regular working day but shall not occur where the
work performed is due to shift rotation.
(cl the starting time of the work week shall be i4onday
12:Ol a.m.
5.2 The Boards shall prescribe the number of hours in each
working day not exceeding eight (8) hours for the various
departments or establishments of the Boards. Normal hours
of work will be as follows:
Stores:
9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. (day shift)
2:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m. (second shift - 9:00 p.m. closing)
3:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.(second shift -10:00 p.m. closing)
**5:30 p.m. to 12 midnight (second shift - midnight c:osinq!
**No fifteen (15) minute rest periods.
Warehouses:
*8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. (day shift)
*No fifteen (15) minute rest periods during the afternoon
**4:00 p.m. to lo:30 p.m. (night shift) ~
**No fifteen (15) minute rest periods
.L.C.B.O./L.L.B.O. Head Office and FTarehouse Offices (Xcnday throuqh
Friday, inclusive) :
Between 7:30 a.m. and 9:30 a.m.
***to between 3:30 p.m. and 5:30 p.m.
***No fifteen (15) minute rest periods during the afternoon
Duty Free Stores:
6:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m.
1:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m.
2:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m.
4:00 p.m. to 11:OO p.m.
Normal hours of work may be subject to chanqe by the Boards
depending upon local conditions.
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Such hours will not apply to those employees classified as
Liquor Licence Inspectors and Stationary Engineers. However,
where employees in these classifications perform authorized
work in excess of.eiqht (8) hours per day or forty (40) hours
per week, they shall be paid at overtime rates as defined'in
Articles 5.6 and 5.7.
5.3 Hours per week may vary according to the classi~fication
of the position and in accordance with the schedule in which
the classification is listed (Schedule "B" attached t0.thi.s
Agreement).
5.4 (a) Hours of work shall be scheduled at least a full week
in advance for each establishment. Days off for store employees
will be on a rotational basis unless otherwise mutually aqreed to
in writing by the employee and his/her supervisor. However, the
Board agrees to provide for employees who work in stores, other
than those that observe a weekly closing day, ten (10) Saturdays
off on a rotational basis as part of their regular days off each
contract year. Days off for employees ,workinq a day shift in
double shift stores will be on a rotational basis Monday through
Friday, unless otherwise mutually agreed to in writing by the
employee and his/her supervisor. Saturday will normally be the
day off forthe employees engaged on the second shift. The
-provision whereby ten (10) Saturdays off on a rotational basis
each contract year will be exclusive of vacation periods, paid
holidays and leaves of absence with pay as defined in this
Agreement.
(b) A store employee may, with proper notification, opt
to have his/her scheduled day off occur immediately before and
after his/her vacation period.
(c) Where an employee works in a store that observes a
-~weekly closing day the employee is allowed to substitute the
Saturday as the employee's weekly day off, in the week the paid
holiday occurs provided the Board's operationsare not disrupted."
Counsel for the Employer maintains that when an employee is
brought in to work for a day, he will work one' of the "sets" or
"shifts" of hours set'out in Article 5.2. He says the Collective
Agreement fixes a starting and a finishing time for a particular
-working day. He says there is no restriction which says that
when the work schedule is prepared in a,dvance the Employer is
I
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prohibited from scheduling an employee to work different hours
on different days. He says the Employer is restricted to scheduling
an employee to work the "normal" hours set out in Article 5.2 and
he says that the Employer has complied with that restriction in
this case. He maintains that a shift as defined in the Collective
Agreement is a period of aaday, not a week Or a month. In his
argument Counsel emphasized the "Management Functions" clauses
of the Collective Agreement and stated that the Union is simpl:J
trying to get overtime pay for its members in circumstances where
it is not warranted. Counsel stated the Employer posts the
schedule a week-in advance so that employees know what hours they
are working and there is nothing in the Collective Agreement that
requires the Employer to obtain the permission or consent of the
employees to the hours scheduled for work. He points out that
the "swing shift" is used only as required and that is why it
was not contemplated in Article 5.4 of the Collective Agreement.
He referred to a number of authorities including American cases
that point out that employees are scheduled to work a normal
number of hours. He says there is good reason for doing this
and even the Grievor acknowledges that it is more'economical and
efficient and cuts down overtime. He maintains there is no .:
breach of the Collective Agreement. This arrangement has been
in place for a long time and does not depend on consent. The
practice existed long before there was a Union and he says that
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Article 5.14 was not included in the
question of swing shifts but was inc
equal distribution of shifting.
Agreement to address the
luded to provide for
This Board has carefully considered this matter
and we cannot find anything in the CollectiTle Agreement or
in the authorities cited which prevents the Employer from
scheduling what amounts to a solit shift. Article 5.2 sets
.out normal hours of work but it does not preclude a split
shift. Article 5.4 requires that the hours of work shall
be scheduled at least a full week in advance for each establish-
ment. Once the Employer's schedule for a given work week has
been established, whether it be-for a week of days, a week of
nights or fcr a split shift, it cannot be changed unilaterally
by the Employer unless the employee is advised at least one
week in advance of which hours he~or she will be working. That
is clear from Article 5.4, but any combination of daily shifts
within the given work week as specified in Article 5.2, providing
they are normal hours of work, are permissible by the terms of
the Collective Agreement.
Accordingly, we find that the scheduling of hours of
work in this case are not in contravention of the Collective
Agreement and the grievance is, therefore, di.smissed.
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DATED at Toronto, Ontario xhis 30th day of
June, 1952.
S.B. Linden, Q.C. '- Vice Chzirman
"1 concur' (See addendum attached)
K. O'Neil - Member
. ..A‘
.
Addendum of timber K. 0'Nei.l
It is with some regret that I find I must concur wit:? the Vice-Chaiman's
award in this matter. It was very clear from the hearing in this matter
that the scheduling provisions of the present collective agreement 1ea.w
room for misunderstanding between the par:ies, as well as for scheduling
arrangements that are somewhat onerous & :he employees.
The real "rub" of the swing.shift arrangement is dbviously the fact that
an employee can work until 1O:OO p.m. one evening and then be schedultid
for work the very next day at 9:00 a.m. Unfortunately, the language at
the moment-does not prohibit that arrangement. HCMeE!r, the referexes
in the collective agreement to the "shift basis" of scheduling, wichou:
naking explicit the meaning of the term, invite comparison to vhat any
given employee experiences as his own "shift basis". For the griever in
this case, it was clear that the LCBO had always scheduled hia on a basis
that did not include a swing shift, and he, like others similarly scheduled,
had come to see that as the "shift basis" referred' to in the collective
agreement.
June 23. 1982