HomeMy WebLinkAbout1982-0027.Carauana.84-12-05IN,THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Between:
Before:
For the Grievor:
For the Employer:
Hearings:
OPSEU (Frank Carauana) Grievor
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of. Health)
Employer
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R. J. Roberts Vice Chairman
I. Thomson Member
G. Milley Member
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N. Litczay~
Grievance Officer, OPSEU
R. B. Itenson, Senior Staff Rel. Off
Civil Service Commission
June 19th, 1984
August 21st, 1984
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DECISION
This is a classification case. The two grievors, Messrs.
Carauana and Dennis, who currently are classified in the classification
of Occupational Instructor II , seek to be reclassified to the more highly
paid classification of Industrial Officer I. At the hearing, the case
for reclassification was based upon a comparison of the duties of one
griever, Mr. Carauana, with those of persons holding the classification
of Industrial Officer I at the Oak Ridge facility in Penetang. For reasons
which follow, the grievances are dismissed.
Dealing first with the grievance of hr. Dennis, this grievance
must be dismissed because no evidence whatsoever was directed towards the
meritSof the grievance. The only evidence that was introduced at the hearing,
related to the grievance.of Mr. Carauana. The Ministry gave notice at the
outset of the hearing that it would not accept Mr. Carauana as being re-~
presentative of the group including himself and Mr. Dennis. In these
circumstaxes, ~the aoard has no alternative but to dismiss the grievance of
Mr. Dennis for want of proof of the merits thereof.
The evidence relating to the grievance of Mr. Carauana showedthat he
was a Workshop Instructor in the Forensic Unit of the.St. Thomas Psychiatric
Hospital. This is a locked unit which is specifically adapted to house persons
who had been charged with crimes. According to testimony given by.Mr. J. Wilson,
the Administrator of the Hospital, any person who is on q'bieutenant-Governor's
warrant or warrant of remand,automatically is sent to the Forensic Unit. There
the Unit does an assessment of the individual. After the assessment, the
individual might stay at the Forensic Unit or be shifted to another of the
fifteen other Units at the Hospital. The latter course of action would be
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taken'if another program better met,the needs of the patient and there was
little risk of his or her running away.
While the doors of the Forensic Unit are locked in order to detain
the patients, the staff of the Unit do not receive any special security train-
ing. Their training, it seems, is identical to that given to other employees
of the hospital Who work in unlocked Units. Moreover, no separate security
force exists in the Forensic Unit.
According to the evidence of.Mr. Wilson,-the risk of injury from
patient~aggression is no higher in the Forensic Unit than in many other Units
of the Hospital.. He stated that attacks by patients upon staff are an
accepted part of the environment of a psychiatric hospital. He indicated .
that the Hospital attempts to reduce the incidence of attack through exposing
employees to a program entitled Recognition and Manangement of Distrubed
Behaviour. Mr. Wilson indicated that this is an award-winning program which
has been widely adopted internationally. When pressed on cross- examination
regarding this testimony, Mr. Wilson added that there was a higher incidence
of aggression in the Geriatric Ward than in either of the Forensic Wards.
He said that the geriatric patients were more unpredictable. than those in
the Forensic Wards. This was based on a study that Mr. Wilson made of 200
cases, He said "You are more liable to get seriously hurt on the Geriatric
Ward."
The forensic Unit has three separate floors. on the second floor
houses patients diagnosed as schizophrenic. The first floor houses the
workshop. wbile‘each floor is locked and the wi~n~dows are barred,
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the interior layout is not like that of a prison.
There are no cells. From four to six patients share individual rooms.
These rooms are not locked. In the corridor outside of the rooms, there
are no physical barriers between the patients and staff. There is sOTey
a line on the floor to separate the patient area from the staff area, and
the patients are informed that they must not cross this line.
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The workshop operates from Monday through Friday, between
the hours of 8:30 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. The griever testified that an average.
of thirty-four patients are brought into the workshop daily. Tbey'are
escorted into the workshop by two nursing staff, apparently for security
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reasons. The nursing staff remain in the workshop while the patients are
there.
The grievor is one of three Instructors in this workshop.
He teaches woodworking. Another Instructor teaches rug hooking. and
the remaining Instructor teaches plague-making and macrame’ . The griever
stated in his evidence that his job is to teach the patients good work
habits, to enable them to work in the community. He said that he teaches
them safety at work and how to get along with others.
Expanding upon this testimony, the griever said, "I teach them
how to operate power and hands tools and work with machines. I teach as
part of the program,habits like puncuality, reliability, safety habits.
I correct their misbehaviour. That is a very important part of our job.
The system is that.points are given daily and the points are turned into
dollars upstairs. We discuss it with the patients, and telbthem why they
earned so much and why they did not."
'The griever alsotestified that his workshop was outfitted much
.like a regular carpentry workshop, with lathes, drill presses, planers, and
hand tools. He added that all hand tools are lockedin a separate room. They
are hung up on 8 wall and are Shadow-graphed against this wall for purposes
,of identifying which tools are missing and must be returned. He stated that
this was for security reasons, that he had to know which patient has which
tools. If a tool is missing and cannot be found, the patients must be searched.
The'grievor testified that this was very serious. In searching the patients,
the griever testified, a metal detector is used.
There was. some evidence to indicate that security was not as
tightly maint+ined as the foregoing evidence would, at first'b'lush, indicate.
For example, the griever agreed in cross-examination that knitting needles
used in one of the workshops are not locked up when the patients are using
them. Some are ieft out when the patients go for coffee breaks or for lunch.
In addition, a paper cutter with an 18" steel blade is located within the
open area of the workshop. While it is accessible to all patients in the
workshop, it is not locked 'up. The griever agreed that a patient could'use
this paper cutter to inflict injury upon himself or others.
Further, while the Forensic Unit is locked, the evidence indicated
that keys are not tighly controlled. The griever testified that he and the
other instructors maintain the keys in their possession. The grievor stated on
cross-examination, "keys have-been lost accidentally. Yes. We report it. There
was a warning by our Director.that if keys were lost, they would have to change
the locks. But when these accidents happened the locks were not changed:'
The griever testified that incidents of aggression by patients
were common in the workshop. It was an everyday occurrence, according to
the griever. for en Instructor to be threatened, kicked, bitten, or scrstched.
Ae added on cross-examination, "SOmetimeS YOU are kicked and scratched two
'times per day. Sometimes less,~sometimes more. The female patients like to
scratch< E was not kicked or scratched last week or the week before. Wo.
The lest time I was kicked was around Christmas, 1983. Since~l980, I have
been kicked seven to eight times." FEW of these incidents of aggression
are reported, the gri&or testified. He said, "We only put a report in when
we get seriously injured."
According to Mr. Wilson, incidents of seri&s injury are rare.
He testified that he checked the records, and there was only one incident
since 1978 in the workshop. He attributed this to the fact that prior to
being allowed to go to the workshop, patients are screened in order to
separate out those who appear most likely to commit serious acts of aggression
against members of the staff. He noted that in the past sixteen months, by
comparison, there were 200 reported incidents of aggression by patients
against.staff throughout the entire Hospital. None of these was in the
Forensic Workshop.
Mr. Wilson emphasized in h&s testimony that, in his opinion, the
job performed by the grievor was no more dangerous than jobs being performed
in the other areas of the Hospital. He added that when the Hospital hired
Workshop,Instructors, the management did not look for any special training
or background. He said that what management looked for was people skills and
sonic experience in the area of arts and crafts.
The evidence at the hearing indicated that at Oak RXdge, the
mdtter of security receives far more emphasis than at the Forensic Unit in
St. Thomas. Mr. T. Knight, the Director of Vocational, Recreational, and
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Voluntary Services at the Mental Health Centre in Penetanguishene, testified
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that Oak Ridge is a maximum security facility in every sense of the word.
He stated that as you approach Oak Ridge, you are monitored by television .
cameras. There are barred windows and doors. You must venter the facility .' . :
through a Salle pxte. The staff must sign in and out. If you are a visitor,
you are photographed. X-ray equipment similar to the equipment at airports
is available to x-ray visitors if they look suspicious. In addition, the
entrance is monitored by a television camera.
As to the patients, Mr. Knight stated that all patients are
housed in individual self-contained cells. All war.ds are capable of being
separated and locked up from the other areas. The same is true for the
.~ workshop and recreational areas- The exercise yards are surrounded by a
17 foot-high fence topped with barb wire. Keys are controlled by the main
office which is adjacent to the Salle port@. They are only issued to
'qualified security staff. They are maintained by security staff or industrial
officers and they are turned in each day.
Mr. Knight stated that because of the emphasis upon security at
Oak Ridge, persons holding the clG.sification of Industrial Officer I have
two distinct functions, i.e., security and instruction. In this sense,
Mr. Knight stated, the functions of Industrial Officers overlap with those
of Nursing Attendants, who are charged with the duty to provide nursing and
security. He said, "For security purposes, Industrial Officers and Attendants
are completely inter-changeable. ."
Mr. Knight added, "The primary function of an Industrial Officer
is training but that can't take place unless security requirements are met.
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Therefore, security is one of the primary duties of an Industrial Officer or
Attendant. All Industr.ial Officers in Oak Ridge have had experience as
Attendants before becoming Industrial Officers. There was only one exception--
he had twelve years' experience in Oak Ridge and had to take a one month-long
security course before assuming duties as an Industrial Officer. You must
have both security and vocational skills. I need as a pre-requisite, security
skills. I can train vocational skills on the job."
The views expressed by Mr. Knight were confirmed in the testimony
of Mr. C. Brunnell, an Industrial Officer I at Oak Ridge who was called to
testify on behalf of the griever. He said, "Security is the number one aspect
of my job. After security has been attained its more easy to teach. ..l You
can't work in the shop unless you paid your dues as an Attendant and learned
the security aspects of the Institution. Not that I know of."
While Mr. Brunnell testified to considerable similarity between
his workshop and that in the Forensic Unit at St. Thomas regarding the method
of instruction of patients, e;g., in carpentry skills, he also testified to a
greater degree of care in controlling potentially dangerous tools. He said,
"The only tools lying around are the patients! There is nothing else' lying
around. There are no paper cutters, no knitting needles, no."
At the hearing, counsel for the Ministry made two submissions, either
one of which, it was contended, would suffice to dispose of Mr. Carauana’s griev-
ance. The first of these was jurisdictional in nature. It was that Mr. Carauana
was not entitled to~claim the classification of Industrial Officer I because
the grievance he submitted did not claim this classification but instead, that
of Industrial Officer II. We find, however, that the Ministry waived its right
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to object to jurisdiction on this basis. Evidence going to this issue
clearly indicated that at the second stage meeting on Mr. Carauana's
grievance, the Union clearly stated to the representatives of the Ministry
that the classification of Industrial Officer II had be&n claimed in error
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and that the presentation on behalf of the griever wquld be made on the basis
of a claim for the classification of Industrial Officer I. The Ministry did
not object. Instead, the~Ministry dealt with the claim of the classification
of Industrial Officer I on its merits. Once the Ministry did so, according
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to settled~ principles of arbitral jurisprudence: it waived its right to object
to the defect in the original grievance. Accordingly, owe turn to the second
submission of the Ministry.
This submission went to the merits of the case. It was that
the griever had failed to show that his job was so similar to that of a
an Industrial Officer I at Oak Ridge as to require him to be accorded~'the
same classification. In support of this submission, counsel referred the
%ard to a recent case, Re McLean and Ministry of Community and Social
Services, GSB No. 499/82 (Saltman), issued on October 9, 1983. In that
case, three persons holding the classification of Occupational Instructor II
in the Woodworking Shop of the Huronia Regional Centre claimed the classification
of Industrial Officer I. The basis for'this claim was the same as that made here,
i.e., compari$on with Workshop Instructors having the classification of
Industrial Officer I at Oak Ridge.
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After making a detailed comparison of the duties of the grievers.
with those of Industrial Officers at Oak Ridge, the Board denied the grievance
stating, in pertinent part:
1. See Brow & Scatty, Canadian Labour Arbitration Ud), at 9S-100.
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Most importantly, the industrial officers at Oak Ridges
have the same responsibility for security as the attendants
with whom they are interchangeable and security in the workshop
takes precedence over instruction. (In fact, since knowledge~
of Oak Ridges' security procedures is a requirement for the
job of industrial officer, industrial officers are usually
recruited from the attendant staff.) On the other hand,.it
would appear that at the Huronia Regional Centre security is subord-
inate to instruction. This does not mean that security is unim-
portant at the Huronia~ Regional Centre, but only that due to, the
nature of the institution and of the clientele (ten percent of
whom live outside the institution), the requirements of security
are less onerous than at Oak Ridges. Accordinly, since the
essence Of the jobs at the Huronia Regional Centre are fundamentally
and eSSSntially different than the jobs at Oak Ridges, the Board
cannot find that the Grievors were doing the same work as the
industrial officers at Oak Ridges. . . . 111. at 13-14
The Board concluded that because of the emphasis at Oak Ridge upon responsibility
for security, the essence of the job of an Industrial Officer was fundamentally
and essentially different from that of an Occupational Instructor at Huronia.
While the facts of this case tend to indicate that the Forensic Unit
at St. Thomas might have a : more secure environment than that at Huronia, the
responsibility for security of Occupational Instructors at St. Thomas still falls far
short of that of Industrial Officers at Oak Ridge. The evidence of the grievor
and Mr. Wilson tended to coincide on this point. The grievor testified that
his job was to teach patients good work habits. Mr. Wilson testified that this
certainly was the emphasis in recruitment, that what was looked for when hiring
Workshop Instructors was people skills and some experience in the area of arts
and crafts. This also was reflected in the lack of any formal procedure' for key
control. On the other hand, all the witnesses from Oak Ridge, whether for
the Union or the Ministry, emphasized the importance of responsibility for security
in the job of an Industrial Officer I. mr. Brunnell testified that security was
the number one aspect of his job. Mr. Knight testified that before anyone could
become an Industrial.Officer at Oak Ridge, he or she had to have experience or
training in the security procedures of the Institution.
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Accordingly, it is impossible on the evidence before the Board
to conclude that the grievor was doing essentially the same work as an Industrial
Officer I at Oak Ridge; In the words of the Board in Re McLean, there is a
fundamental difference in the essence of the jobs.
The grievance is dismissed.
DATED at London, Ontario, this 5th day of December 1984.
I. Thor&o , Member
G. Milley, Member