HomeMy WebLinkAbout1982-0030.Charboneau.83-06-08IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Between:
Before: K. Swinton
E. McVey
E. A. McLean
For the Grievor: Mr. G. Jones
National Representative
Canadian Union of Public Employees
For the Employer: Mr. C. C. Riggs, Q.C.
Hicks iMorley Hamilton Stewart Storie
Barristers & Solicitors
Hear iws: December 14,1982
April 14,1983
CUPE (Mr. Mark Charboneau)
and
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Workmen’s Compensation Board)
Vice Chairman
Member
Member
Gr ievor
Employer
.
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This case arises out of a one-day suspension for insubordination
imposed because the griever absented himself from work without leave. In
addition, the grievor objects to the loss of 6% hours pay and IK days of sick
credits because of the incident.
The griever, Mr. Mark Charboneau, is a Rehabilitation Counselior
working in the Vocational Rehabilitation Division of The Workmen’s
Compensation Board in Kitchener. At the time of the incident giving rise
to the grievance, that is, November 4,1981, he was also the Vice-President
of CUPE, Local 1750. The absence giving rise to the disciplinary action
occurred when the griever absented himself to deal with union business, as
he claimed to be authorized to do by Article 17.6 of the Collective
Agreement.
Article 17 deals with “Leave of Absence for Union Activities”. While
this grievance arises out of Article 17.6, it is worthwhile to quote other
relevant parts of the article as web:
17.1 Union Representatives
It is understood that employees who are Union Representatives have
duties to Perform for the Employer. Such Employees who desire a
leave of absence for Union bUSineSS must request such absence from
their immediate supervisor as far in advance as is practical. Such
absence will be granted, subject to work requirements. However,
permission will not be unreasonably withheld. It is on this basis the
following is agreed upon.
17.6(a) Upon written request by the Union, and provided that
reasonble (sic) notice is given, the Employer shall grant leave without
loss of pay or credits to employees elected as Executive Officers of
the Union, for the purpose of conducting the internal business affairs
of the Union. This provision is subject to the amount of time being
held within reasonable limits. Seniority shall continue to accumulate
during such leaves.
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(b) The Union will advise the Manager, Staff Relations of the
names and locations of such employees, immediately following their
election.
(c) The Employer will arrange to grant leave with pay to
accommodate reasonable travel~time.
(d) The Union will reimburse the Employer for the salary paid
to the Executive Officers granted leave under this Section.
17.7 All requests for leave of absence permitted in these
sections shall be sent to the Manager, Staff Relations.
On November 2, 1981, Ed Baldwin, Staff Relations Specialist in the
Division of Human Resources in Toronto, received a request for leave of
absence for three members of the executive of Local 1750, Ralph
Carnovale (president), Fran Robertson (past president), and Mark
Charboneau. The request was made by telephone by Joanne Radford, the
Executive Secretary of Local 1750. One half day of leave was requested
for November 4. Despite the provision in Article 17.6 specifying a written
request by the union, it was apparent from the evidence that telephone
requests were frequently made, as were telephone approvals, with
subsequent written confirmation of both request and approval. Therefore,
the fact that the request was made by telephone has no bearing on the
grievance.
Mr. Baldwin testified that he expressed concern about the two day
lead time, but indicated that he would see what he could do and would get
back to Ms. Radford. As was his normal practice, he called the supervisors
of the three employees to ask if they could be released. The supervisors of
Mr. Carnovale and Ms. Robertson agreed, but the griever’s supervisor,
Gerry Geldart, was not in the office. Mr. Baldwin left a message for him,
stating that the union had requested leave for the griever on November 4,
and that Mr. Geldart should call Mr. Baldwin. Mr. Baldwin then called
.
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Ms. Radfprd and said that the leaves for Mr. Carnovale and Ms. Robertson
were approved, but he would get back to the union about the griever, as he
had not been able to contact the griever’s supervisor.
The request for the griever’s leave came at an inconvenient time for
the employer. A one-week training programme had been scheduled for the
five rehabilitation counsellors in the Kitchener office, starting
November 4, 1981. This programme was described by John Walker, the
Administrator of Vocational Counselling Services, North and West Areas.
Mr. Walker, who is located in Toronto, was in Kitchener during the week of
November 2, meeting with the staff and preparing for the training
programme, which would introduce a computerized job opportunity bank
designed to match injured workers who were ready to return to work with
jobs in the community and across the province. Mr. Walker had arranged
for employment officers to locate job opportunities that week. Worker
profiles were to be prepared for system input on November 5 and 6, after a
Training programme on November 4 on the system’s operation. On
November 9, placement specialists from Toronto would work with
counsellors in interpreting and using the data for their clients. Mr. Walker
felt it was important for counsellors to participate in the training
programme, so that profiles could be prepared, and placement work
proceed on November 9.
Mr. Walker heard of the request for the griever’s leave late on
November 2. He made no effort to talk with the griever then, as they had
an interview scheduled late on November 3. When they met, Mr. Walker
said that he asked the griever if he could give some information about the
reason for the leave, but the griever refused to discuss it. Mr. Walker then
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said that he could not grant the leave request, as it would disrupt the
training programme. The griever asked if another counsellor could train
him, but Mr. Walker said no, for the other counsellors would have neither
the time nor expertise to do so. Training in another centre would not be an
adequate substitute.
1Mr. Walker then telephoned Mr. Geldart, while the griever was in the
room, asking if Mr. Geldart objected to refusal of the request. When he
said no, Mr. Walker asked him to call LMr. Baldwin. As ivlr. Baldwin had left
for the day, Mr. Geldart spoke to Mr. Boyce, another Staff Relations
Specialist, telling him of the need for the griever’s presence at the training
programme. Mr. Boyce then called Carol Haffenden, the Chief Steward,
and asked her if she knew the reason for the leave requested. She
indicated that it was probably important, but nothing more. Mr. Boyce
then told her that leave would not be granted because of the importance of
the training session.
On November 4, 1981, the griever appeared at the training session,
which had started at about 9:00 a.m., at 3~05 p.m. The session ended at
4:00 or 4:30. Mr. Walker testified that the griever’s absence interfered
with the timeliness of the input of his worker profiles to the system and
the placement specialists’ effectiveness was hampered as a consequence.
Needless to say, the griever has a very different perception of what
occurred on these days. He indicated to this Board that the meeting on
November 4, 1981 had beep scheduled in a hurry to accommodate the
schedule of Pat O’Keefe, the Ontario Regional Director of CIJPE. The
meeting was to deal with a matter ‘of grave importance to the health and
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welfare of the local”. The local’s executive board had designated the
giievor, Mr. Carnovale and Ms. Robertson to meet with Mr. O’Keefe as
soon as possible. The griever felt that his presence was important, as he
was the most senior executive officer in the local. Mr. Carnovale
confirmed this.
The griever said that he called the union office in Toronto on
November 3 to see if leave had been granted. He testified that Joanne
Radford said leave was approved. Ms. Radford could neither confirm nor
deny this in testimony--she had no recall of any leaves having been refused,
nor does she remember calling anyone in the union about the request.
The griever corroborated Mr. Walker’s testimony that they met on
the afternoon of November 3 and that Mr. Walker asked for an elaboration
on the leave request, which the griever refused to give. He agreed that
Mr. Walker said, “I don’t know if we can go along with this”. As well, he
knew of the phone call to Mr. Geldart, but said that he did not hear the
contents. The griever said that he left the meeting with the distinct
impression that leave had been granted by the union office, and there had
been no clear denial by Mr. Walker. He said that he remained at home that
evening in case Mr. Geldart or Mr. Walker called for more information or,
as he stated in cross-examination, if they called to “ungrant” his leave.
Then on November 4, having no clear message of denial, he understood that
leave had been approved.
From this summary of the evidence, it is obvious that. we have a
conflict in the views of what occurred on this leave request--the
employer’s witnesses felt that they clearly communicated to the union and
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the griever that leave had been denied; the griever felt that he had
permission to go and, therefore, was not insubordinate by taking leave.
Alternatively, the union argued that if there was insubordination, in the
form of a refusal to report to work, it was justified in order to protect the
union’s interest.
If one looks to Article 17 of the Collective Agreement, two provisions
are important. Article 17.01 introduces the other provisions, stating that it
Is the basis upon which the following leave provisions are agreed upon. In
that section one sees reference to two important criteria--leave of absence
will be granted subject to work requirements and permission will not be
unreasonably withheld. In Article 17.06, leave for conducting the internal
business affairs of tne union will be granted upon reasonable notice. It is
clear from these sections that the union must seek permission for a leave
of absence for union activities, and the~employer must grant permission
before the employee can take leave.
Does the evidence, then, show that leave was granted? The
important evidence here is the griever’s, for he claims that the union
executive secretary indicated to him that he had been granted leave. His
story is not, however, believable, when one considers the whole of the
griever’s testimony. When the griever met with [Mr. Walker and was told, “1
don’t know whether we can go along with this request”, the obvious
response would nave been, !‘But Human Resources has already told the
union I can go.” Instead, the griever suggested alternative training
arrangements, suggesting that he was bargaining in order to obtain
permission. Finally, the griever stayed home that evening in anticipation
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of a phone call from his supervisor. This again indicates that he had no
permission, but hoped that it would be forthcoming.
Overall, the griever’s story does not hold up: his testimony indicates
that he had received no message from Ms. Radford that he could go to the
meeting, and that he had no permission when he did so. Against his
evidence, we have that from Mr. Walker, Mr. Baldwin and Mr. Boyce that
no permission was granted. The latter also stated that he informed Carol
Haffenden, the Chief Steward, to this effect. Ms. Haffenden was present
at this hearing, but did not testify in contradiction of Mr. Boyce’s
statement. The conclusion from all this is that both the union and the
griever knew that he had not been granted leave for November 4 because
of the training programme that day. Therefore, he had no right to absent
himself that day.
Although the union objected that proper procedures had not been
followed, we cannot agree--the griever needed permission for leave, and
both the union and Mr. Charboneau knew that leave was not granted.
Counsel for the union also suggested that because the employer had not
clearly refused leave, the griever was free to go. That is not the position
suggested by the Collective Agreement language, which requires the
employer to grant permission, not to deny leave.
Alternatively, the union argued that the employer acted improperly
in denying leave, thereby contravening the collective agreement. Even if
that is true, the general rule is that the employee should obey the employer
and grieve later, unless there is compeling reason not to do so, in that the
grievance procedure does not provide adequate redress. The union argued
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that this was an exceptional case, and that the griever should not be
disciplined for insubordination in the circumstances. To support this
position, reliance was placed on three cases: Re International
Woodworkers of America Local 2-500 and Stancor Rental Ltd. (1970),
22 L.A.C. 184 (Weiler); Re United Automobile Workers Local 673 and
De Havilland Aircraft of Canada Ltd. (1971), 23 L.A.C. 295 (Weatherill);
Broderick and The Ministry of Natural Resources,. X1/77 (Eberts). Those
cases deal with the exception to the recognized rule of “work now, grieve
later”, when the employee is engaged in union activity. In Stancor,
Professor Weiler allowed a grievance against dismissal for insubordination
because the griever, a union official, reasonably believed he had permission
to absent himself from work and because his presence was urgently needed
to deal with other etnployees’ grievances. Both the Weiler and Weatherill
awards indicate that an arbitration board is required to balance interests in
cases where a union official disobeys an order. Weiler states that the harm
to be avoided must be “quite substantial” and must outweigh the company’s
interest in maintaining discipline (p. 187), while Mr. Weatherill openly
suggests that a balancing of interests is involved (p. 298).
In this case, the griever did not act reasonably in absenting himself
without permission. If one turns to the language of Article 17, there is
arguably some ambiguity in the wording of Article 17.01 and 17.06, with the
employee required to request a leave from his immediate supervisor in
17.01, but the union making requests in other provisions such as 17.06.
Article 17.07 states that all requests go to the Manager of Staff Relations.
The union argued that 17.01 and 17.06 were mutually exclusive, and the only
requirement to be met under 17.06 is reasonable notice, which the union
had satisfied. Yet Article 17.01, which speaks of granting leave subject to
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work requirements and states that leave will not be unreasonably withheld,
seems to address all of the following subsections, including Article 17.06.
It is a statement of principles for the following sections, and it seems to
indicate the parties’ agreement to balance employer and employee
interests: the employer can refuse leave if it acts reasonably because of
work requirements. The term “unreasonably” indicates that a relevant
consideration, in assessing whether leave should be granted, would be the
urgency of the union’s business weighed against the employer’s work
concerns.
Here, the employer had an important training programme planned, at
which the griever’s attendance was necessary. Alternative training
arrangements were unsatisfactory. Weighed against this was an “urgent”
union meeting, the nature of which the griever would not convey to Mr.
Walker. One can understand the union’s concern for the privacy of its
affairs, yet the griever might- well have disclosed some further
information, without all the details, to indicate the importance of his
presence at the‘ meeting to Mr. Walker. Hi refusal to do so left the
employer with nothing to weigh against its important work interest. In the
circumstances, we cannot conclude that permission for leave was
unreasonably denied by the employer, and, therefore, the employer was not
in contravention of the collective agreement.
Nor can we agree that the griever comes within the exception to the
“work now, grieve later” rule. He had no permission to take leave, as he
knew. While the griever’s presence at the O’Keefe meeting was of
importance to the union, there were two other members of the executive
able to attend, one of whom was well experienced in the local’s affairs.
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The griever’s presence might have been a welcome addition, but there is no
evidence to indicate that the union’s interest would have been inadequately
served and members badly harmed because of his absence. Moreover, the
employer had an important training programme at which his presence was
needed. This is in contrast to the Stancor and De Havilland cases
mentioned above. In the circumstances, the griever acted improperly in
leaving work without permission.
For these reasons, the grievance is dismissed.
DATED at Toronto, Ontario, this 8th day of June, 1983.
K. Swinton, Vice Chairman
“E . McVev”
E. McVey, Member
“E. A. McLean”
E. A. McLean, Member
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