HomeMy WebLinkAbout1982-0342.Mills.84-02-29Between:
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Before: G. Brent Vice Chairman
E.J. Bounsall Member
D.B. Middleton Member
For the Griever: P. Sheppard
Grievance Officer
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
For the Employer: L.M. McIntosh, Counsel
Ministry of the Attorney General
Hearing: December 10, 1982
April 19, 1983
October 21, 1983
OPSEU (Jack W. Mills) Grievor
- And -
.( I
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Government
Services) Employer
DECISION
In an interim decision dated January 11, 1983 the Board determined
that the griever’s continuous service should be counted from January 31,
1977. The question of continuous service arose in connection with the
grievance dated May 3, 1982 in which the griever claimed that he should
have been appointed to the position of Leasing Agent (Property Agent 2).
It “as agreed by the parties that once the griever’s continuous service
date was settled he would be either more senior than all of the
successful applicants or the most junior of all of the applicants.
Accordingly we no” know that the grievar is the most junior of all the
applicants for the position.
The position in question “as advertised in ‘Topics” (Ex. I) as
follo”s:
The following positions are available with the
Ministry of Governlnent Services, Location: Queen's
Park, Toronto.
LFZASING AGgNTS
(Property Agmt 2)
(Schedule A)
$21,500 - 24,700
(under review)
(restricted)
Required by the realty services branch to ne&tiate
and co-ordinate the provision of new leases and
lease renewals throughout Ontario, ensuring that
leases meet client ministry’s requirements and are
justifiable. Duties include: preparing offer to
lease documentation and written reports;
determining fair rental rates; negotiating such
terms as escalation clauses, energy conservation
items and methods of completing leasehold
improvements. File GS-44.
Qualifications: proven progressively responsible
experience in the leasing field with emphasis on
office leasing; knowledge of government policies
and procedures re leasing with general knowledge of
real estate appraisal, building construction and
property management; ability to negotiate
effectively and ensure that market rentals are
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obtained; well developed communication skills.
Less qualified applicants will be considered at a
lower salary level.
The position specification form for the position (Ex. ‘3) appears
below:
PURPOSE OF ‘THE POSITION
To negotiate and arrange for new leases and lease
renewals in assigned region, ensuring that leases
meet client ministry requirements and are
economically justifiable, and occasionally to
negotiate leasing out of vacant government owned
space to the private sector.
SUMMARY OF WTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Upon request of client Ministry or Branch for
new lease, locates several properties which
meet requirements, and negotiates final choice
by:-
70x - locating properties which meet client
requirements, by personal search and study
of an area, discussion with realtors,
advertising, etc.;
- presenting several alternative properties
and arranging for inspection by client
representative;
- negotiating with owner or le ga 1
representative of property selected by
client for fair terms and conditions
including rental rate, complexities of tax
and operating cost escalation clauses,
responsibility for cost of maintenance,
renovations, rearrangement of office layout
and other leasehold improvements;
- keeping supervisor informed, discussing
problems, eg: failure to reach agreement,
political pressure, etc.;
- preparing ‘offer-to-lease” documents, often
lengthy and complex, containing all terms
and conditions of proposed rental agreement,
for owner’s signature and submitting the
“0 f fe r- to-lea se ” 6 “lease recommendation
sheet” in the form of a report, and
recommendation to supervisor for approval.
2. Arranges for and negotiates the renewal of
leases in the Region when required, by:-
20x - determining fair rental rate of property
lease to be renewed, by studying comparable
properties on market in terms of
availability and rates charged;
-’ negotiating renewals of existing lease;
ensuring fair terms, eg: rental rate,
escalation clauses, leasehold improvements,
etc. ;
- keeping supervisor informed, discussing
problems eg: owner demand for excessive
rental rate, inability to reach agreement on
conditions, etc.;
- selecting,. when renewal of existing lease is
deewd unsatisfactory, several alternative
properties, by personal search of market,
discussion with realtors, etc., taking
photographs of properties, determining
potential cost of moving client leasee;
- preparing “lease recommendation” for
client’s approval and signature;
- approving renewal of leases within dele@tted
financial authority, providing that annual
expenditure does not increase by umre than
15% and recommending for approval by
supervisor all leases over delegated limit
or with increases of over 15%, by submitting
report which includes the “‘offer-to-lease”,
a signed “lease recommendation” and report
on alternative buildings.
3. Perform other duties such as:-
10X - assisting supervisor in locating tenants for
vacant government-owned space, usually small
or remote property, by contacting private
real estate agents, potential clients,
Leasing Agents, etc.;
- determining a “fair” rental rate for space,
by analyzing existing rental rate or by
calculating rental rate on basis of
appraised value; referring problems to
supervisor;
- negotiating terms with prospective ieasee,
drawing up leasee’s “offer”, submitting
-0 f f e r ” to supervisor and recommending
approM1 of lease;
- as assigned.
SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE KEQUIKED TO PERFOKM THE WORK
Several years of experience in leasing field. Good
knowledge of practices, problems, developments and
other matters pertaining to leasing. Knowledge of
government policies and procedures re leasing.
General knowledge of real estate appraisal and of
building construction. Ability to negotiate
effectively. Tact and integrity.
The griever’s employment history was outlined in the interim
d&ision. Briefly stated, he was employed in the Ministry of Revenue as
a Realty Assessor in the Succession Duty Branch from September 24, 1968
until 1975 when the Succession Duty legislation was repealed and his
position was abolished. He then worked in the North York Assessment
Office as an Assessor on a temporary placement. As found in our earlier
decision he resigned from the Ontario Public Service in 1975 or 1976 and
rejoined the Public Service in 1977 as a probationary employee and is
currently a Property Assessor III in the Ministry of Revenue.
In the Succession Duty Branch the griever was responsible for
assessing real estate, including leasehold interests, in order to value
it for Succession Duty purposes upon the death of the owner. In order
to do this he was required to be familiar with the market value of real
estate in the parts of the province to which he was assigned. The work
also involved negotiations with estate representatives concerning the
real estate valuation. These negotiations were not aimed at reaching a
compromise valuation on which all parties could agree, but rather appear
to have been discussions about the bases on which the valuations had
been reached by the Kealty Assessor. In doing this work the griever
worked WI thout direct day-to-day supervision.
The griever’s work as a Property Assessor III in.the Ministry of
l&venue involves assessing real estate for taxation put-poses. His work
there involves the assessment of large rental properties and requires
him to have a knowledge of current rental rates.
The griever had some experience with a previous employer (York
County) locating property which met the requirements of an agency and
arranging for the acquisition of that property. The bulk of his working
experience and of the courses which he has taken since beginning
employment deal with real estate appraisal.
The griever was interviewed for the position in dispute on Monday
m 6
April 5, lYt12. Although there was some confusion on the griever’s part
about the preparation done for the interview, we accept that he returned
from vacation on March 2Yth and that he spent some time preparing for
the interview based on his knowledge of the job requirements as set out
in the advertisement. The griever testified that he considered that the
interview questions fairly reflected the job requirements and that he
was given an opportunity to discuss his past work experience. The
questions prepared for the interview (Ex. 14) are reproduced below:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Although you have provided an application
and/or resume of your work experience, in your
own words, please indicate why you are
interested in this posi tio” and also give a
run down of your work history with particular
emphasis on those facets effecting this
position.
What do you feel has been your most difficult
leasing negotiation and how did you resolve
it?
What are the two main covenants in a leasing
agr?ellEnt?
If you were requested to locate office
accommodation in a given Municipality what
steps would you take in completing this
assignment?
You are renewing a lease with an option to
renew at a rental to be negotiated. upon
contacting the landlord you felt his renewal
rate was too hi gh. How would you negotiate a
reasonable rental rate?
If the type of space required cannot be found
in a designated area, what would be your
course of action?
What are the differences between a gross lease
and a “et lease?
What is the purpose of an escalation clause in
a lease agreerrent and how does it apply?
Please state in your own words the meaning of
the following as it relates to the leasing of
office accommodation:
(a) front end benefit
(b) effective rent
,(c) turnkey
10. In your previous leasing experience what was
your involvement in leasehold improvements and
tell u8 how this aspect of the work was
completed in finalizing your agreement.
11. What aspects of your present position do you
dislike or find most difficult (or vice
versa)?
The griever testified that he was not able to answer all of the
questions which he was asked. It was his impression that some of the
questions may have been “trick questions”; however, he never explained
what he meant by that and how that’sssessment squared with his overall
view that the interview was fair. In view of his evidence that the
interview was fair and that he left it feeling good about his
performance, we do not put any weight on the opinion that there were
“trick questions”asked in the interview.
In view of the time which had elapsed since the interview, the
griever was unable to recall every question which he was.asked. He did
recall being asked question 9 and admitting that he had never heard of
the term “turnkey”. He also recalled being asked questions 4, 5, and 6
and believed that he was also asked questions 7, 8, 10, and 11. He was
unsure about being asked questions 1,. 2, and 3, although he would not
dispute any assertion that they were asked.
The griever testified that a great deal of his working time is
spent locating properties and determining comparable sales in order to
ascertain market values. He said that his job does not involve him in
looking at property from the point of view of determining its
suitability for government agencies to occupy as tenants. It was his
opinion that there would not be too much to negotiate regarding price
because with major landlords one either paid the asking price or did not
take the space. He also said that the standard government leasing
agreement would leave very little to be negotiated in terms of other
covenants. The griever testified that he has never had to negotiate
terms and conditions of a lease or to prepare offers to lease and that
he is never heen required to keep a supervisor informed in his previous
work. The griever also testified that he has no experience in the
preparation of lease recommendations, locating tenants for vacant
governmnt space, or determining a fair rental rate with the government.
The successful applicant with whom the griever has compared himself
for the purposes of this case is Mr. Koy Skinner. Mr. Skinner’s service
date is June 29, lY70. He was appointed to the position of Property
Agent I. Given the last sentence.of the advertisement (Ex. 1, supra) we
can conclude that he was probably considered to be a “less qualified
applicant”. The griever asserts that he is more qualified than Mr.
Skinner although he Knows nothing of the Mr. Skinner’s background or
previous employment other than that he was a Clerk 5 a.t the time of the
competition in question.
The only evidence which we have about Mr. Skinner’s qualifications
comes from Mr. James Glenny, who is a Property Agent 2 (Property
Administrator) and who is also familiar with the work done by those
Property Agents who are Leasing Agents. Mr. Glenny is also the local
Union president in the area which includes Government Services in the
Ferguson Block. He said that it would be unusual for a Clerk 5 to go to
the Property Agent position because the two jobs are unrelated. On
cross-examination he said that as a Clerk 5 Mr. Skinner handled
9
escalation clauses in leases from the accounting point of view.
He did
not know whether Mr. Skinner had ever taken any of the courses leading
to a designation relating to leasing agent’s work.
As we understand the issue put to us, the Employer Is not taking the
position that the griever was not qualified for the job in question.
Indeed, we would have to agree that the griever has extensive experience
in real estate appraisal which would make him familiar with the real
estate market in general and which would be applicable to the
requirements of the job in dispute. Much of his particular experience
as an appraiser would not have given him the specific background in
leases and leasing or in the duties required of someone whose primary
job is locating vacant space suitable for occupation by a tenant client
and negotiating with a view toward agreeing on all of the outstanding
issues prior to occupation. There was also evidence from the griever
and his witnesses, all of whom had formerly served as Keal~ty Assessors
in the Succession Duty Branch, that the job which they all held in the
Succession Duty Branch was more “sign1 ficant” than the Property Agent
(Leasing Agent) job.
From the evidence beEore us we can conclude that the griever is
qualified for the position and that nothing is known about Mr. Skinner’s
particular qualifications other than the general statement that it would
be unusual for a Clerk 5 to go directly to a position like this. Such
an opinion must be balanced against the evidence that Mr. Skinner’s
previous work did involve him to some extent in evaluating leases.
Both parties accepted that the onus is on the griever to establish
a prima facie case.
The clause in the agreement which deals with the
mstter in dispute is Article 4.3 and it is reproduced below:
In filling a vacancy, the Employer shall give
primary consideration to qualifications and abllf ty
to perform the req.uired duties. Where
qualifications and ability are relatively equal,
length of continuous service shall be a
consideration.
As already indicated, the griever’s “length of continuous service”
is less than Mr. Skinner’s. The griever comes to this case as the most
junior of the applicants and with approximately seven years less
continuous service than Mr. Skinner.
The Employer did not call any evidence reerding the substance of
the matter before us. We therefore must consider whether the griever
has established a prima facie case of the Employer’s breach of Article
4.3 so that he should succeed.
All of the evidence before us indicates that the griever was given
a fair and reasonable opportunity to present his qualifications to the
Employer. He was given an interview which he considered to be fair and
about which he felt positively. The questions asked in the interview
were judged by him to be related to the job and to be reasonable.
Throughout this case there has been no suggestion that there was any
discrimination against the griever or lack of good faith on the part of
the Employer. There fore, there is no evidence from which we can
conclude that the process by which the selection was made was faulty.
The sole issue then is whether there was, in all other respects,
compliance with Article 4.3. In all of the cases cited to us in which
this Board has considered the meaning of Article 4.3 it has been
accepted, as indeed we accept, tnat Article 4.3 is a ‘hybrid” type of
clause. That is, there are clauses which say that the senior person, if
qualified should fill a vacancy; there are clauses which say that where
applicants are relatively equal, then the senior person should fill the
11
vacancy; and there are clauses which simply set out the considerations
which the Employer must weigh without necessarily determining that
seniority, or length of service, will be the tie breaker. The latter
type of clause is what is generally referred to as a ‘hybrid”and that
is the sort of provision which we find in Article 4.3.
We agree with the position that where a junior applicant is chosen
over a senior applicant that the Employer must satisfy the Board that
the incumbent is “*demonstrably superior” to the senior applicant (See,
for example, Brown 597/81). In Gras 139/79, where a junior applicant
was claiming that the job should have been awarded to him, the Board
stated, at page 11:
It is clear from the language of Article 4.3
and from previous decisions of this Board that if
the griever has proved superior qualifications and
ability to perform the required duties, then
seniority is not a factor and he is entitled to the
job. Thus the issue in this case is whether such
superiority has been .proved.
We specifically adopt this test and consider that it is the
appropriate test to be applied when a junior employee is alleging that
the Employer should have awarded the job to him pursuant to Article
4.3. Moreover, as was pointed out in the Saras case (supra), and all of
the other cases cited to us, the important considerations .are the
qualifications and ability to perform the required job. Accordingly,
the fact that a person is superbly qualified in a general sense, so that
he may in fact be qualifded for a more demanding job, does not matter
because the proper test of qualifications and ability must be in the
context of the posted position.
Having defined the test which the griever must meet in order to
succeed,
it is therefore possible to determine the prima facie case
which the griever must establish In order to succeed. It is our belief
12
that it is not possible to determine what a prima facie case is inany
particular set of circumstances without first determining the question
before the Board, or in other words, the test which the griever must
meet. Here the question is ‘Ts the griever so superior to Mr. Skinner
that the Employer should not have considered Mr. Skinner’s greater
seni ori ty? ‘L Therefore, in order to succeed, the griever must satisfy
us that his qualifications are demonstrably superior to Mr. Skinner’s.
A fair summary of the evidence before us is that, on balance, the
griever is probably qualified and able to do the job in question. It is
also reasonable to conclude that the griever’s former job in the
Succession Duty Branch was one which may have involved greater
independence and responsibility than the job in question. There is also
evidence that the griever had never been involved in the particular sort
of leasing work which was required in this job and that he had only his
general background in real estate to rely on. We have no evidence
concerning Mr. Skinner’s qualifications and ability other than that
given by Mr. Glenny. Clearly Mr. Glenny did not have a thorough
knowledge of Mr. Skinner’s background, qualifications, and ability.
There is evidence from Mr. Glenny which shows that Mr. Skinner was
previously employed in a job in the Ministry of Government Services
which brought him into some contact with leases from an accounting point
of view. Therefore, there is no basis for saying that Mr. Skinner was
totally unfamiliar with leases and leasing in the sense required in this
job.
As we have stated earlier, in order to succeed i t is incumbent on
the junior employee to show that he is the superior candidate. It is
impossible to do this just by reference to the junior applicant’s
13
qualifications, unless one were faced with a situation where the junior
employee was so endowed with the very qualifications and abilities
needed for the particular job that it would be reasonable to conclude
that there could be no better qualified candidate. The griever’s
qualifications and abilities are not so directly transferable to this
particular job that we could draw the latter conclusion. There fore, we
require some evidence of the incumbent’s qualifjcations from the griever
in order to allow us to conclude that griever was so superior to the
incumbent that the Employer must answer the case or lose it. Evidence
that Mr. Skinner possessed none of the qualifications and abilities to
perform the job would have put the Employer in that position. We have
no such evidence. Evidence that all of Mr. Skinner’s qualifications
were not known but that he may have possessed some qualifications which
were relevant to the particular position is not sufficient to put the
Employer in that position because there is no real basis for concluding
that the griever possessed superior qualifications to Mr. Skinner as
opposed to being relatively equal to Mr. Skinner.
There is no denying that the griever is an able .pe.rson with many
years of experience in the various aspects of assessment. We do not in
any way denigrate or minimize that experience. On the evidence before
“6, we can only say that it is not so directly relevant to the job in
question that we are reasonably able conclude, on that basis alone and
without evidence of Mr. Skinner’s qualifications, that the griever was
demonstrably superior to the more senior applicant.
For all of the reasons set out abow, the grievance is dismissed.
DATED AT LONDON, ONTARIO THIS 29th DAY OF February m 1984.
j?&!i %b.+a
Gail Brent, Vice-Chairmn.
D. B. Middleton, Ma&r.
"decision to follow"
E. J. Bounsall, Member.