HomeMy WebLinkAbout1982-0562.Cooper.83-11-10IN THE MATTER OF AN ARHITRATION
Cinder
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIU'ANCE SL'TTLEMENT BOARL!
Between: OPSEU (Donald L'. Cooper)
- And -
Griever
The Crown in Right 01 Ontario
(Ministry oi the Environment) limployer
Before: E.B. Jollit'l‘e; Q.C. Vice Chairman
P. Craven Memlle 1
J. Morrow Member
For the Grievor: L. Stevens
Grievance Ol'ficcr
Ontario Pub1 ic Service I!:mployecs Union
For the Employer: G.S. Fcclcy
Manager, lkrsonncl Oporutions
Ministry 01' the Envi ronms!nt
Hearin r:
:
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DECISION
The grievance of Mr. Donald E. Cooper, dated October
4, 1982, is that he was improperly classified as Purchasing
Officer 2 and should be reclassified Purchasing Officer 3.
This is one of those cases in which the classification
complained of followed reorganization of a Section with a
redistribution.bf duties.
After some years of experience as a manufacturer!s
purchasing agent, Mr. Cooper began as a Purchasing Officer 1
with the Ontario Water Resources Commission in February, 1966.
Two years later he became a P.0.2, with one year's retroactivity.
In April, 1972, the O.W.R.C. was absorbed by the newly-created
Ministry of the Environment, and the griever continued to serve
as a P.0.2 until January, 1973; when he was made Chief or
Manager of Purchasing. Mr. Cooper testified that he then super-
vised 15 employees, including six P.O.'s, two purchasing clerks
and seven in clerical support. Among the P.O.'s, however, several
were newly-recruited P.O.l's, who had to be trained for a year or
more by P.0.2'~. The latter had authority to sign orders of up
to $1,000; larger orders. were subject to the approval of Mr.
Cooper, who reported to the Director of the Administrative
Services Branch.
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During the period from 1973 to 1979, the P.O.'s work
continued to be more or less specialized. The griever himself
was responsible for purchases made necessary by "special
projects.". The P.O.l's dealt with routine purchases of standard
items; each P.0.2 was concerned with one or more categories of
orders. For these specialized purposes there were six officers.
Exhibit 4 is a "Position Specification and Class
Allocation" of the five incumbents of the P-O.2 position. It
was signed by Mr. Cooper in his then capacity of "Manager,
Purchasing Section" on May 11, 1977, and by Y.T. Lambert, Director,
Administrative Services, on the same date. On the Class Allo-
cation the signature of a Classification Officer appears, but
it is not legible. Exhibit 4 describes Mr. Cooper (Manager,
Purchasing Section) as supervisor of the five incumbents. How-
ever, his own Position Specification at that time (if it ever
existed) is not in evidence. Undoubtedly he was not classified
and paid as a P.O.2. His testimony is that until September 15,
1980, he was classified AM 17, a managerial level, and on that
date "red-circled."
The change was due to a reorganization in January,'1979.
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In the griever's words: "We became regionalized....; we were,,
forced by,restraint into drastic streamlining. Formerly each
of us specialized in a group of products..... but when we were
left with four people we had to operate in water-tight compart-
ments..... To make all the work interchangeable we were divided
into four clientele groups in which each of us had to know the
whole'spectrum of purchases..... The work was more complex and
demanding. I had to give the others more authority. I had to
do the more important work myself and act as relief."
The Ministry has six regions, each with an office.
There are also 23 district offices. Although the Purchasing
Section had been "regionaIized," its offices remained in Toronto.
Some time after the change, Mr. Cooper was required to assume
what were in most respects the same duties as other Purchasing
Officers. Assignedtohim was the northeastern region together
with province-wide responsibility for the Water Resources Branch.
He ceased to be "Manager, Purchasing Section," and all the
Purchasing Officers became responsible to the "Manager, Purchasing
and Office Services." That position, Mr. Cooper said, is not
filled by a "purchasing man," and "he does not review any of my
work or initial any of my orders."
I -5 -
The grievor testified that in his present position
he has "unlimited authority." As an example he described a
recent purchase order for a 45-foot Aluminum Survey Vessel to
be used for research purposes on the Great Lakes by the Water
Resources Branch. This order was of course awarded after
tenders and the eventual price was $215,269, far below other
bids. The Vessel, however, had to be constructed in accordance
with the design and specifications supplied by a naval architect,
Exhibit 12. Due to financial problems encountered by the builder
the order had a tangled history, involving negotiations with.the
architect, the Water Resources Branch, the legal branch of the
Ministry, a ,bank and a trust company as well as the builder.
The grievor discussed problems with Mr. A.E. Robinson, Manager,
Purchasing and Office Services (his immediate supervisor) but
he "chose to leave the.whole responsibility with me."
Other duties include "requests for proposals." The
grievor said "professionals tend to object to tendering pro-
cedures and we have to word our requests diplomatically." He
must also check specifications for regularity orlegality, and
consult from time to time with scientists or engineers. He
added: "We have to stop efforts of consultants to set up in
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business with a big up-front payment."
According to the grievor, Mr. Robinson does not call
for either requisitions or purchase orders. Statistical reports
without details are given to him monthly. The grievor said.that
since 1972 his unit had been "looked at" by the Provincial Aud-
itor, the Management Board and others, and "we've never been
criticized." He asserted that "our decisions are reviewed only
by the auditors."
The grievor referred to Exhibit 16, a booklet entitled
"82/83 Purchasing Directory" issued by the Ministry of Industry
& Trade, from which it appears that the Ministry of Transportation
is the 'largest purchaser of supplies, equipment and services
(about $179,000,000 each year): Government Services ranks second
(about $175,500,000); Health is third (about $5fJ,OOO,OOO) and
Environment fourth, at $43,300,000. The grievor said between
10,000 and 12,000 orders are placed by Environment each year.
The grievor also referred to Exhibit 15, his commentary
on and proposed revisions of his present Position Specification,
which will be discussed later in this decision.
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Cross-examined, the grievor mentioned some of his
objections to Exhibit 5. This is the Position Specification
and Class Allocation in respect of five P.0.2'~. including the
grievor. It was signed by Mr. Robinson and by Mr. W.D. Wood
(Director, Financial and Administrative Services) on June 22,
1982. The allocation was completed in July by Mr. J.P. Glynn,
Personnel Representative. The reasons given for the allocation
were identically the same as those given by Exhibit 4 in May,
1977, which of course related to the P-0.2's who were Mr. Cooper's
subordinates at that time. Those reasons were as follows:
A. The incumbent provides responsible purchasing services relating
to the procurement of a variety of materials, supplies and equipment.
B. Incumbent obtains complete description of items required, pre-
pares spread sheets, obtains price quotations and arranges for
delivery of goods.
C. Incumbent is required to maintaineffective working relations
with user Branches, and with suppliers, salesmen, etc.
In other words, Exhibit 5 placed the grievor on
exactly the same footing .as the other four Purchasing Officers
in his Section. It had been explained that now there are no
P.O.l's in the Section --- and there is no P.0.3.
It was pointed out in cross-examination that the Standard
for a P.0.2 refers to "general supervision from purchasing officers
of higher level or from administrative officials who confirm
decisions involving heavy expenditures or marked departures on
kind and quality of material or purchasing methods employed."
For the Employer, Mr. Feeley then read the two paragraphs defining
"general supervision" in the "Position Analysis Guide" (Exhibit
17) issued by the Department of the Civil Service in February,
1964, as follows:
lhs employee works with considerable functional independence, as
in many "journeyman" level clerical, technical and professional
positions. He completes most assignments without referral to his
supervisor, exercising judgment and making appropriate technical
decisions, based on a good knowledge of m&hods, procedures and
precedents.
'lhe supervisor is not concerned with work details, but may make
infrequerrt spot-checks. Dnployee performance is evaluated
largely in terms of difficulties resultiw from poor work or non-
production.
Mr..Cooper responded that "we have no spot checks,"
adding that “I’m lucky if Mr. Robinson speaks to me every four
to six weeks<"
Re-examined, Mr. Cooper said that when he was Purchasing
Manager in 1978 he was giving day-to-day supervision to the P.0.2'~
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in the Section. NOW, however, all officers had increased respon-
sibilities and there was no Purchasing Manager to supervise them.
Another P.0.2 also testified. Mr. Paul Vandenburg said
he began as a P.O.l in.1976 and more than a year later became a
P.O.2. At first he worked "under" Mr. Cooper, specializing in
office supplies. He signed orders but Mr. Cooper initialled all
orders over $1,000, and later (after he became a P.0.2) all over
$5,000,. He said: "When I needed it, he gave me guidance. We
were regionalized under Cooper. I was given the Southwestern
Region (Kitchener) and the West Central Region (Hamilton), but
the local offices could spend up to $200." The witness also
became responsibile for furnishing t,he Ministry's executive
offices, with some collaboration from Government Services, which
estimated the cost,of certain furniture.
Mr. Vandenburg said that for some time after regional-
ization he was supervised by Mr. Cooper, but in 1980 Mr. Robinson
became "the boss" and there was no more initialling or super-
vision. The largest order he had handled was for about $1,500,000
and the average would be about $25,000. He said Mr. Robinson was
probably aware of the areas for which he is responsible, but he
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"hardly ever" reported to Mr. Robinson. However, "copies of my
work go to the vendor and the Manager." He said each order is
unique .but any P.0. should be able to handle any order.
Cross-examined, the witness said "Yes, I sometimes go
to Mr. Robinson --- if it's a problem I can't solve." He
described Mr. Robinson as "a good administrator but not helpful
in purchasing." He agreed that Exhibit 4 was correct, now as
well as in 1977. Referring to the requisitions given him, he
said he did not write an order until receiving evaluations of the
tenders or offers submitted.
Mr. Vandenburg further remarked that "there's a lot
to learn now --- we have to know more about more products." He
also disclosed that he has not had a performance evaluation since
1980.
Mr. M. Siddiqui has been a P-O.2 for the past five
years with the Ministry of Government Services. He testified
that he has signing authority for purchases of up to $2,000 in
value. Beyond that figure authority is vested in a Ms.. Shoup,
a P.0.3 who is his supervisor, but purchases over $5,000 go to
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her Manager, a Mr. W. Stirr, and anything over $50,000 is re-
ferred to the Director. He said Ms. Shoup supervises three
P.O's and the clerical support staff.
Also tendered as evidence for the griever was Exhibit
14. which includes.notice of a P.0.3 vacancy in the Ministry of
Natural Resources, said to have been published in 1982. It is
as follows:
CON'IRACMNG SPECIALIST
(Purchasirg Officer 3)
(Schedule 6)
$25,400~29,700
(open)
Required by the Ministry of Natural Resources, administrative
services branch, operations analysis, to: provide consulting
advice and support to line management; prepare guidelines:
develop training seminars and conduct special projects re min-
istry contracting function. The ministry has a decentralized
organization which contracts for a wide variety of goods and
services such as construction of roads, land scarification, tree
planting, fish stocking, aviation, scientific and catcgraphic
services and mineral resources inventories. t&ties include: acting
as a ccnsultant to main office and the field on all aspects of con-
tracting; helping develop agreements; recommending solutions for
specific contracts administration problems; conducting.training
seminars; developing directives to clarify contracting process;
analysing policy proposals from other agencies; participating in
operational audits; preparing reports on special topics. Location:
'Ibronto, with some travel throughout Ontario.
(Xlalifications: thorough knowledge of contracting theories and
policies; demonstrated understanding of the procurement process;
proven ability to administer contracts develop draft legal agree-
ments ard apply legal opinions; .ability to develop policy and
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pxcedure proposals under general supervision, organize complex
projects ard develop, organize and present seminars: good
cosnnunication skills.
Return application by July 23 to: File NR-175, Personnel Services
Branch, Ministry of Natural Resources, Whitney Block, Cueen's Park,
Toronto, Cntario, M7A lW3.
Also appearing on Exhibit 14 is a notice inviting
applications for a position at the Ministry of Labour. The
heading has been cut off in reproduction but the position de-
scribed was obviously that of a 1?.0.2. Its dutj.es are thought
by the grievor to be less responsible than his, which he con-
siders comparable to the duties set out in the P.0.3 notice
published by the Ministry of Natural Resources., The Ministry
of Labour notice in its decapitated form appears below:
$391-447 pr week
(restrjctedl
Required by ~the Ministry of L&our to be reqonsible for centralized
ministry purchasing under the direction of the chief purchasing
officer. Euties include: procuring laboratory equipment, supplies,
chemicals, office equipsrant and audio-visual products; resolving pro-
blems with suppliers and purchasing co-ordinators re delivery, quality,
shortages, prices, etc.; recommending changes in internal purchasing
procedures; maintaining up-to-date knowledge on policies, standing
agreements or offers. Location: 434 University Ave., Toronto.
Qualifications: specialized training in purchasing procedures and
experience in consolidations and tendering; thorough knowledge of
government standing offers and agreements: proven expzience in
communicating effectively.
Return application by June 25 to: File LB-82, Ministry of Labour,
Personnel Branch, 2nd Floor, 400 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario,
M7A lT7
I
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The only witness called by the Employer's representa-
tive was Mr. A.E. Robinson, who,joined the public service in
1960, and Environment in 1972, since which he has been Manager
of Office Services, classified AM18. The position had respon-
sibility for Accomodations, Communications, Printing and Repro-
duction Services, Records Management, Mail Services and a
Manual of Policy and Procedure for the Ministry. In September,
1980,~he was also given responsiblity for "Purchasing", and in
Exhibit 5 (June, 1982) he is described as "Manager, Purchasing
and Office Services."
Mr. Robinson testified he is now "responsible for
resolving problems in the purchasing area and procedures on
amendments." It was he who decided the distribution of the
the ~work-load and he sees all monthly reports made by the P.O.'s,
but he said "Yes,,they do operate quite independently." He
explained that they have lists of the persons who can authorize
,purchases --- and their signatures.
Purchasing policy is one of'Mr. Robinson's respon-
sibilities, but he said he would consult the P.O.'s about such
matters and get final approval from the Deputy Minister. He
i
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tries to attend meetings at which major tenders are opened: in
his absence two P.O. 's can officiate.--- which happens three
or four times a month. Clerical staff numbering five are super-
vised by a Clerk 4 General.
Cross-examined, Mr. Robinson said that "neither requi-
sitions nor orders go past my desk..... The P.O.'s come to me
when they think I should know..... I wouldn't know what purchases
are being made. Monthly reports show the numbers and dollars.....
We do have monthly meetings. I get their input on policies and
procedures..... Yes,, they are responsible for keeping lists of
suppliers up-to-date." Mr. Robinson confirmed that he has
done no performance appraisals of the P.O.'s.
The witness explained further that when there is a
tendering process, the bids are passed on to an evaluation
committee and the requisitioner, who are asked to state their
reasons if the lowest bid is not thought to be acceptable and
reminded that such reasons "must be based on objective and
defensible criteria" as required by the Management Board of
Cabinet. Exhibits 19 and 20 ("Price Summary Sheet") are examples
of the procedure: they relate to ~the purchase of rainguage
equipment and a portable ultrasonic flowmeter. In both, it was
:
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requested that'the complete file be returned to Mr. Cooper,
who had made certain comments.
Further questioned, Mr. Robinson said "I do spot
checks only on the reports I get." The last time he had re-
scheduled the work load was in August, 1982. He estimated that
in the following six months he had spent three-quarters of his
time on purchasing matters, but he said he was not aware that
auditors require purchases above certain levels to be initialled,
In deciding whether a position is properly or improperly
classified (as this Board is empowered to do under Sections 18
and 19 of the Crown Employees Collective Bargaining Act) it is
necessary to apply the criteria in the Class Standards which
have been established by the Employer. Also to be kept in mind
is that in a case of this nature the burden of proof is on the
employee who alleges that his or her position is wrongly
classified.
Mr. Cooper's position has been classified P.0.2 since
September, 1980, prior to which the position previously occupied
by him had been classified P.0.3. He now claims that his present
position should be re-classified P.0.3, principally on the
ground that his responsibilities now are "approximately" the
same as they were before 1980.
Thus the relevant standards are those for the P.0.2
and the P.0.3. Dated May, 1958, they appear in Exhibits 3B
and 3C. For purposes of comparison, the "class definitions"
are.reproduced in two columns below:
PURCHASING OFFICER 2
'CLASS DEFINITION: This is responsible
technical procurement ~rk.reguiring
considerable knowledge of specific com-
modities, standard purchasing methods
m&material inspection techniques. Re-
sponsibilities in these positions per-
tain either to purchasing a variety of
materials, supplies and eguipnent'in
a medium-sized department or to large-
scale purchasiq of specific categories
of items in a large.department with
specialized requirements. In these
latter positions which are character-
ized by less varied responsibilities,
employees are in charge of procure-
ment in quantity of such commodities
as cement, steel, hardware, furniture,
clothing material and equipment. All
employees in this class receive general
supervision from purchasing officers
of higher level or from administrative
officials ho confirm decisions in-
volving heavy expenditures or marked
departures on kind and quality of
material or purchasing methods em-
ployed. Employees in this class may
supervise a small group of subordinates
performing the more routine aspects of
departmental purchasing operations.
They are required to develop effective
working relationships with departmental
personnel and with suppliers, salesmen
and manufacturers' representatives.
PURCHASING OFFICER 3
CLASS DEFINITION: !Ihis is highly re-
sponsible procurement work performed
under general direction in a large de-
pertment with heavy purchasing reguire-
ment. hployees in these positions
may, as departmental purchasing
officers, supervise and personally
participate in a variety of procure-
ment operations. In other positions
in the class, incumbents serve as
assistants to purchasing officers
of higher level or to other adminis-
trative officials with procurement.
responsibilities. While these em-
ployees carry cut many phases of
their work with little direction,
they usually confirm with their
superiors orders involving major ex-
penditures. Economies obtained and
promptness of deliveries serve as
criteria of efficient performance in
these positions. Employees in this
class supervise subordinate Purchasing
Officers an3 clerical workers carrying
out a variety of duties related to
purchasing. Effective working relation-
ships with department personnel,,rep-
resentatives of other departments and a
variety of suppliers and vendors are a
requirement of positions in this class.
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As usual,' both standards set out "Characteristic Duties,"
not all of which are to be found in every position. This part of
the Standard is therefore less important than the definition quoted
above. Nevertheless. "Characteristic Duties" may be compared below:
PURCHASING OFFICER 2
As a specialist in a designated line or
as a departmental purchasing officer,
confers with branch officials on pur-
chasing reguirements, obtains complete
descriptions of items required, and
ensures purchase requisitions are
properly authorized.
Submits complete and accurate details
to suppliers on material required and
obtains price quotations and related
data on quality, discounts, and probable
delivery dates: upon receipt of infor-
mation from vendors, analyzes data on
a basis of ilranediate requirements;
places orders or submits recommend-
ations for purchase to superiors if
necessary.
As directed by superiors, carries out
standard routines preliminary to tend-
ering for purchase of supplies and eguip-
ment, supervises the preparation of
spread sheets, analyzes information,
and makes recommendations on place-
ment of orders..
Personally examines and approves quality
of materials received in accordance with
specialized knowledge of lines of merchan-
dise; expedites delivery of goods in
accordance with terms of contract for
pan-chase.
PURCHASING OFFICER 3
As a departmental purchasing officer,
directs procurement operations re-
guirirg large-scale purchasing of
such special categories of items as
trucks and cars, engineering, elect-
rical and hardware supplies, farm eguip-
irent, grain, fertilizer and feeds,
furniture, kitchen and laundry
equipment, medical sod dental suppliees,
food stuffs, and clothing material;
supervises subordinates engaged in
the more routine aspects of the hark;
personally examines and approves
quality of materials received.
As assistant to a Chief Purchasing
Officer, or other administrative
official, participates.in supervision
of the purchasing unit, signs orders
and recommardations; supervises a
section of the work as delegated by
a superior; assigns and reviews the
work of subordinate purchasing and
clerical staff.
Secures specifications on materials
and supplies required by departmental
brnaches; obtains quotations from
suppliers on prices, quality and de-
livery dates and analyzes data received;
places orders or recommends purchases
to superiors; examines and approves
quality of materials received.
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Supervises subordinates assigned to
checking, typing and recording duties:
instructs on mrk methods and reviews
completed assignments to ensure con-
formance to routines.
Interviews salesmen and manufacturers'
representatives to develop new sources
of supply and to obtain information on
new types of material, quality and
price data; prepares a considerable vol-
ume of correspondence to obtain similar
information.
Carries cXlt standard routines prelim-
inary to tendering for purchase of
supplies and eguipnent, compares prices
received and approves or recommends
00 placement of orders.
Reviews emergency purchase orders pre-
pared and executed in branches as a
method of maintaining controls on
departmental purchasing.
Carries out Purchasing routines per-
taining to a wide variety of materials
and .m.rpplies required in the operation
of institutional industries.
Interviews salesmen and manufacturers'
representatives to obtain information
on commodities and prices; prepares
a considerable volume of correspon-
dence to obtain similar information.
Clearly there are resemblances between the "Definition"
for a P-O.2 and the "Definition" for a P.0.3. The same is true of
"Characteristic Duties." There are, however, some differences.
It is logical to pose questions about each sentence
in the P.0.3 definition.
(1) Does Mr. Cooper's position involve "highly
responsible procurement work performed under general direction in
a large department with heavy purchasing requirements?" The answers
must be both affirmative and negative.
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a) The work is in our opinion "highly responsible."
(tn contrast, work of a P.0.2 is described as "responsible.")
b) The work is not, in our view, performed under
"general direction." In the Civil Service "Position Analysis
Guide," the terms "Direction" and "General Direction" are
defined as follows:
c. Direction: The employee has been directed to achieve a definite
goal and establishes his own methods and work procedures, deciding
manpower and material requirements to achieve program objectives
and recommending their acquisition. Normally he plans, organizes
and controls the work of subordinate personnel. While employee is
held accountable for carrying out certain organization objectives, he
should not make decisions which affect policy.
'D-e supervisor does not provide technical instruction.
hployee performance and effectiveness is evaluated basically in
terms of results, through a process of inspection and review.
d. General Direction: A senior official is held accountable by
management for accomplishing departmental objectives, expressed in
legislation, regulations or general policy directives. He is
expected to make decisions in accordance with established policy,
and usually participates in formulating that policy.
The above may be compared with the definition of
"general supervision" which has already been quoted --- and
which is the term used in the P-O.2 definition.
Although the definitions arenotvery precise, we think
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that "general supervision" rather than "general direction"
corresponds to the facts proved in this case. Employees work
with "considerable functional independence" and their superior
makes "infrequent spot checks" --- the language used in de-
fining "general supervision."
c) The work is not, in our opinion, performed in
"a large department with heavy purchasing requirements."
Although Environment ranks fourth in purchases, their cost
is less than one-quarter of the costs in Transportation and
Communications --- or in Government Services. It would'be
accurate to describe Environment as "medium-sized." The
regionalizationof purchases has made it correspond with the
reference in the P-O.2 definition to "purchasing a variety of
materials, supplies and equipment in a medium-sized department..."
(2) Does the griever "supervise and personally
participate in a variety of procurement operations?" He
personally participates, but there is no evidence that he
supervises any other employee.
(3) Does the griever assist other purchasing officers
of higher level --- or administrative officials? We do not think
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so. He functions "quite independently," according to al
witnesses.
(4) Does the griever "usua 1
orders "involving major expenditures?"
.l
ly confirm" with a superior
In a transaction as
complex and protracted as the Survey Ship contract described by
the griever, or the $l,SOO,OOO order mentioned by Mr. Vandenburg,
there is no doubt this happens, but of course it must also occur
under the P.0.2 definition, and there is no real distinction
when "heavy expenditures" are involved. If the responsibility
, it was simply
ise rather than
for the ship order was delegated to Mr. Cooper
due to Mr. Robinson's confidence in his expert
to the applicable classification.
The fifth sentence in the P.0.3 definition need not
be discussed.
(6)
Officers and
Does the griever "supervise subordinate Purchasing
clerical workers carrying out a variety of duties
related to purchasing?" He certainly did so during the period
before Mr. Robinson took command, but he does not supervise now,
and the answer to this question must be in the negative.
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(7) A P.0.3 is required to,have effective working
relationships with many others, but the same requirement appears
in the P.0.2 definition.
Bewteen November, 1981, and June, 1982, the grievor ex-
changed correspondence with Mr. Robinson with a view to obtaining
re-classification. He also wrote his owndetailed analysis of
the factors in the P-O.3 definition and re-wrote the Position
Specification, Exhibit 5 --- which applied to all five P.0.2'~.
The gist of his case was ably stated in the Summary which appears
as the concluding paragraph in Exhibit 13, as follows:'
ale to organizational changes which took place in 1979 and 1980 the
staff listed above has been reduced to five incumbents and each has
been assigned specific local and regional program delivery areas in
the Ministry with responsibility for providing a total purchasing
service on a clientele basis, as-distinct from a limited specialization
in types of products and services within particular requisitions.
These have therefore considerably broadened the scope and complexity
of purchasing responsibilities which have had to be met by upgraded
professional skills and experience.
The griever put the matter even more strongly in a
memorandum he gave Mr. Robinson, part of Exhibit 15, as follows:
Cur Purchasing officers are required to function effectively in
a minimal supervision/support environment, personally handling
every Purchasing requirement from their assigned client group
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without tha benefit of a shared responsibility structure to
assist them, nor as some ministries have --- computerized in-
formation storage and retrieval systems at their disposal.
It is also a fact that when the Purchasing Unit was restructured
by the Branch Director (with new classifications assigned by the
Personnel Branch) at the time the Ministry of the Fnvironment
came into being on Apil 1, 1972, it had five classifications of
purchasing officer, namely PO-l, PO-2, PO-3, Senior Purchasing
Officer, and Supervisor of Supply. Since then, senior management
has by various subterfuges demoted, downgraded, and red-circled
all senior levels, and manipulated the purchasing officers into
a common category with the lowest expedient classification PO-2.
&ch of the &ties and responsibilities of the former senior levels
have had to be learned and absorbed by the purchasing officers,
expecially as they are now managed by an administrator and not a
senior purchasing officer.
Cn the face of it, it is probably true that what our purchasing
officers do even exceeds the class standard for a Purchasing
Officer 3.
In view of Mr. Cooper's very clear explanation of his
duties and the history of his Section, we have not thought it
necessary to discuss the Position Specification, Exhibit 5.
The griever disagrees with much of that document, but we need not
decide its validity. There was .no real conflict between the
testimony.of the two purchasing officers and that of Mr. Robinson.
Whether Mr. Cooper's position is incorrectly classified is an
issue to be determined by reference to the class standards and
the evidence.
- 24 -
In our view it is significant that when the Ministry
became organized in 1972, it was necessary (according to the'
griever's evidence) to train a number of inexperienced P.O.l's
who could deal with only routine purchases. The P.0.2'~ were
"specialized," each dealing with one or more categories. Mr.
C-w was their Supervisor. The arrangement was probably
both logical and necessary at that time.
Nevertheless, a reorganization was later undertaken
by the Ministry. No doubt it was possible because all the
Purchasing officers in the Section had acquired --- by
January, 1979 --- the requisite experience and expertise. As
they were all capable of functioning "quite independently," the
Ministry decided, as we understand.the history of the matter,
that minimal supervision would be appropriate. Purchasing was
added to Mr. Robinson's Office Management function and the
actual purchasing was "regionalized," the theory being that any
P.0.2 was now capable of handling any kind of purchase. The
new arrangement had advantages for the Ministry in economy and
efficiency. Unfortunately, the change involved placing Mr.
Cooper on the same footing as the officers he had been training
or supervising. In effect he was demoted, being re-classified
P.O..? but "red-circled," i.e. he had no pay-cut but lost
.
- 25 -
entitlement to any pay increase within the higher range. It is
natural that he should consider himself the victim of the
changes.
We have no doubt that the griever possesses the qual-
ifications, experience and competence to function successfully
as a P.0.3. As such he personally did not deserve a demotion.
The fact is, however, that a P.0.3 position no longer exists in
the Ministry of the Environment. It may well be, as the griever
has said, that other Ministries of medium size are organized
differently. Nevertheless, the Employer has the right --- as
clearly provided by Subsection (1) of-Section 18 in The Crown
Employees Collective Bargaining Act --- to determine the comple-
ment, organization, work methods and procedures in any Ministry
as part of its exclusive management function, and such determ-
inations are neither arbitrable nor even grievable.
A classification case does not turn on the individual
merits of an employee. It is the "position" the employee
occupies which must be considered. Some employees have merit
exceeding that required by the position, and Mr. Cooper is
probably one of them, but the classification of the person can
,:
- 26 -
be no, higher than that of the position occupied, nor should it
be any lower.
In his testimony, the griever expressed the belief
that his work-load and responsibility is now "approximately the
same" as in 1977, when his position (known then as "Manager,
Purchasing Section") was apparently A.M.17. We are not per-
suaded that the griever's belief is well-founded. The work-load
may be the same (or it may even have increased) but there is a
real difference in responsibility. The griever himself has said
that in 1977 he was supervising 15 employees and gave "day-to-
day" supervision to the purchasing officers working under him.
An important difference between a P.0.2 and a. P.0.3 is that the
latter (according to the class standard) "supervise subordinate
Purchasing-Officers and clerical workers..." That is what the
grievor was doing until late in 1980; he is not required to do
it today.
For the reasons heretofore given, this grievance cannot
be upheld and must be dismissed.
Dated at Toronto
this 10th day of
November, ,19&X3.
"I dissent" (see attached)
P. Craven
EBJ:sol
GSB 562182 (Cooaer)
DISSENT
Beginning at page 18 of their award, my colleagues on
this panel pose a series of questions about the extentto
which Mr. Cooper’s work f’its the words of the F03 class
standard. While I concur in their answers to many of these
questions, there are others with which I must respectfully
disagree. In the result, and on balance, I find that Mr.
Cooper’s job more nearly fits the PO3 definition than it
does the PO2 definition.
Taking the points as numbered in the majority award, I
would find as follows:
(1) (a) I agree that Mr. Cooper’s work is “highly
responsible” (PO31 rather than merely “responsible” (FOZl.
(1) (bl On the evidence, Mr. Cooper performs his job
under neither “general supervision” (PO21 nor “general
direction” (FO31. Among the various definitions in the
Position Analysis Guide to which we were referred, that of
“direction” seems more closely applicable to the
arrangements under which Mr. Cooper’s job is performed than
any of the others. “General supervision” is inadequate
because it involves spot checks by the supervisor. In Mr.
Cooper’s work, the supervisor is not qualified on technical
grounds to make such checks. “General direction”
incorporates a greater role in policy formulation than Mr.
:
Cooper current1.f exercises. “Direction” recognizes that the
supervisor is not involved technically. If anything, this
definition’s restrictions as to policy involvement are too
narrow for tlr. Cooper’s job. This definition provides that
there is “normally” an element of planning, organizing and
controlling the work of subordinate personnel, but in using
that word it recognizes that this element is not a necessary
one.
(1) Cc) I must dissent from my colleagues’ finding that
Environment is a “medium-sized department,” rather than “a
large department with heavy purchasing requirements.”
In the first place, the language of the class standards
is far ~from clear. In specifying “a large department with
heavy purchasing requirements,” what criterion is intended
for departmental size? If the volume of purchases is the
criterion, then the provision is redundant. If some other
measure -- the number of employees, say, or the total
programme budget -- then it is probably irrelevant.
Moreover in drafting these class standards the employer
seems to have taken a leaf out of the retail marketers’
book. There are no “small” departments, just as there are
no small hamburgers; there are only medium and large ones.
We have to make sense of the evident differences
between the PO2 and PO3 standards. The majority proposes
to do so by noting that “although Environment ranks fourth
in purchases, their cost is less than one-quarter of the
costs in Transportation and Communications -- or in
Government Services, ” from which they seem to draw the
7
-:
1
conclusion that "it would be accurate to describe
.Environment as 'medium sized'." But the PO2 standard
applies to "purchasing a variety of materials, supplies and
equipment in a medium-sized department" and to “large-
scale purchasing of specific categories of items in a large
department with specialized requirements." Among the chief
reasons for the exceptionally large purchasing budgets of
Government Services and Transportation and Communications is
the fact that these ministries engage in "large-scale
purchasing of specific categories of items" for the other
ministries: for example, furniture by MGS and vehicles by
MTC. While the evidence does not supply a breakdown of
these ministries' purchases by category, it is evident that
a substantial proportion of the purchasing undertaken by
these two ministries is large-scale and specific in the
sense intended by the PO2 standard. It seems possible that
if the value of these purchases were to be subtracted from
the totals in the two departments, the residue would be of a
similar order of magnitude to Health or Environment.
In any event, the total volume of purchasing by these
two ministries is large out of all proportion to the others.
It does'not follow, however, th~at these are the only "large"
departments for the purposes of the standards. Among the 22
ministries listed in Exhibit lb, Environment is the fourth
largest in total value of purchases. Among the eleven
ministries with centralized purchasing, Environment is
second largest in total ~value. By contrast, the Ministry of
3
i:
+
Natural Resoc.rces' purchases amount to only about a quarter
of the value spent by Environment: it is the fifth smallest
in put-chasing expenditures of the 22 departments. Yet
'according to Exhibit 14, MNR was hiring a PO3 in 1982. It
must follow that MNR is a "large department" in the
employer's view, if the class standard is to be related to
the apparent practice. If MNR is a large department, so
a' fortiori must be Environment., The truth is, of
course, that all the Ministries are today much larger than
wasi contemplated in 1958, when these standards were drawn
UP.
Moreover the majority fails to note, in comparing the
first sentence of the PO3 standard with analogous provisions
in the PO2 standard, that the latter identifies the relevant
responsibility as "purchasing a variety of materials,
supplies and equi.pment .._ * It is noteworthy that nothing
is said about purchases of services. Mr. Cooper's
testimony underlined the especial complexity of this
function, particularly when dealing as he must with
professional services (part of this testimony is reproduced
by the majority at page 5). According -to Exhibit .lb, over a
third of the value of purchases by Environment falls into
the services category. If we are to construe the words of
these class standards as closely as the majority seems to
suggest, it would seem that the PO2 standard does not covet-
employees who purchase services; indeed, on the principle of
expressio unius erclusio al terius its "materiaIs, supplies
and equipment .._ cement, steel, hardware, furniture,
4
c~lothing material and equipment” would seem to exclude them
from the classification. The PO3 standard speaks of “a
variety of procurement operations,” which clearly includes
the purchase of set-vices.
(2) I find, in concurrence with the majority, that Mr.
Cooper personally participates in a variety of procurement
operations but does not supervise other employees. But in
this connection, I note that the PO3 class standard says
that employees in the classification may “supervise and
personally participate” in these operations. The element of
supervision is not a necessary feature of the
classification.
(3) Here too I agree with the majority, but with the
following addendum: This sentence is irrelevant to Mr.
Cooper*5 position. He is a departmental purchasing officer,
as identified in sentence 2: Rigorous analysis of the
structure of sentence 2 reveals that a PO3 employee may be a
departmental purchasing officer. If he is a departmental
purchasing officer, he may supervise and personally
participate . . . Sentences 2 and 3 are possibly mutually
exclusive, but there is no indication that taken together
they are intended to be exhaustive of PO3 position types.
Nor at-e the position characteristics that they discuss
determinative of or necessary elements fin the PO3
classification. They seem to be illustrative in nature.
Contrast the determinative and necessary construction of the
analogous sentence in the PO2 description:
“Responsibilities in these positions
pertain
ei thrr
to purchasing a variety
of materials, supplies and equipment in a
medium-sized department or to large-
scale purchasing of specific categories of
i terns in a 1 arge department
with
specialized requirements.” Cemphasi s
added1
(4) This. sentence admirably expresses the nature of
Mr. Cooper’s relation with his supervisor as ,revealed by the
evidence. It is worth noting that while the term “general
direction” was used in sentence 1, here it is replaced by
the term “direction” (and it is recognized,that little.
direction is normally required).
(5) I concur with the majority.
(6) I agree that Mr. Cooper does not supervise
.aubordinate purchasing officers or .clet-ical workers. 011
the purchasing officers in the Ministry are currently on the
same footing, and the organization of the department removes
supervisidn of clerical workers from the job requirements of
any purchasing officer.
(7) I agree.
With respect to the words of the two class standards,
then, I find that Mr Cooper’s work responsibilities, as
revealed by the evidence,,are on the whole more nearly
described by the PO3 standard than by the PO2 standard. I
would find him to be squarely within every relevant facet of
the PO3 standard were it not for the inapplicability of
sentence 6. But I find that the PO2 categorization against
which he grieves is seriously unsuited to him. By using the
term “supervision” rather than “direction” it contemplates a
h
.2
$
s
form of relatio~l with a supervisor that is foreign to or.
Cooper’s experience, and it fails to make any provision for
(and indeed may plainly exclude) the procurement of
services, which is an important and sensitive element in Mr.
Cooper’s purchasing work. Even taking into account the fact
that Mr. Cooper does not directly supervise other employees,
I find that the PO3 standard more nearly describes Mr.
Cooper’s position and responsibilities than the PO2
standard.
At page 25, the majority states:
“The fact is, however-, that a PO3 position
no
1 anger exists in the Minisiry of the
Environment. It’ may well be, as the
griever has said, that other Ministries of
medium size are organized differently.
Nevertheless, the Employer has the right
-- as clearly provided by Subsection ( 1 )~
of Section 18 of The Crown Employees
Collective Bargaining Act -- to determine
the complement, organization, work methods
and procedures in any Ministry as part of
its exclusive management function, and
such determinations are neither arbitrable
or even grievable. ”
With respect, I must disagree with this view. The
griever comes before this Board to say, in effect, that a
PO3 position does exist in the Ministry of the Environment
-- it is the position he occupies and, he alleges, it is
misclassified as a PO2 position. The question whether his
position is in fact a PO3 positiowis one for this Board to
determine, as the majority elsewhere says, on the basis of
the class standards and the evidence. The employer may have
th$ authority to abolish a position by virtue of the provision
cited above. The employer does not have the authority to
7
0
e 5
.
misclassify a position, as section lEl(2) (a) of the Act makes
plain.
Moreover, the employer is the Crown, not any particular
ministry. It follows that evidence about procedures,
classifications and positions in other ministries may well
assist this Board in interpreting the often vague and
confused language of the class standards. Thus, when the
PO3 standard speaks of a “large department’ and we see the
employer. appointing a PO3 in the Ministry of Natural
Resources, we can take that observation as evidence
assisting us in our attempt to grasp what the employer means
by “large” in the class standard. With respect, it is not a
question of how “other Ministries of medium size are
organized. ” On the contrary,
it is evidence that no matter
where we as a Board may wish to draw the line between medium
and large ministries, the. employer considers MNR to be a
large ministry. It would seem to follow from the
majority’s argument that we must defer- to this definition of
the employer’s. The result is that Environment has to be
viewed as a “large” ministry (being almost four times the
size of MNR) ,~ and the conclusion that Mr. Cooper’s position
is in “reality” a PO3 becomes inescapable. I put “real i ty” .,
in quotation marks because on OUT (in my view unsatisfactory)
jurisprudence, the relevant reality is the words of the class
standards.
For all these reasons I would have found for the
griever.
8