HomeMy WebLinkAbout1983-0217.Berry et al & Alcampo et al..88-06-21EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE DE “ONTARIO
C(lMMISSION DE
REGLEMENT
DES GRIEFS
Between:
Before:
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLENENT BOARD
OPSEU (Berry et al & Alcampo et al)
Grievers
and
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Community & Social Services)
Employer
R.L. Verity, Q.C. Vice Chairman
T. Traves Member
A.G. Stapleton Member
For the Grievor: T. Hadwen
Counsel
Cavalluzzo, Hayes & Lennon
Barristers and Solicitors .*
For the Employer: D. Costen
Solicitor
Legal Services Branch
Ministry of Community
and Social Services
Hearings: May 4, 13 & 16, 1988
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DECISION
In this matter, the Board is required to grant remedial
relief in two groups of classification grievances, Berry et al 217/83
and Alcampo et al 218/83, following the release of the Ontario
Divisional Court Judgment on March 13, 1986 in OPSEU (Carol Berry et
al) and Ministry of Community and Social Services. In each group of
grievances there are grievors employed in three distinct jobs:
1. Income Maintenance Officer (
2. Eligibility Review Officer (:
I.M.O.)
E.R.O.) and
3. Handicapped Children's Benefits Worker (H.C.B.)
The Berry Decision of Vice-Chairman Samuels dealt solely
with the issue of the appropr i
Officers (I.M.O.).
The Board
unanimous in its finding that
Welfare Field Worker 1. However, the Board also found that I.M.O.
duties did not justif,y the amended classification sought of Clerk 6
General. .In a majority Decision, Vice-Chairman Samuels dismissed the
grievances primarily on the basis that Article 5.1.2 of the Collective
Agreement prevented granting classification r&lief "other than the
existing classification or the one claimed". Professor Paul Craven
wrote a lengthy Dissent and concluded that "the appropriate remedy for
improper classification is proper classification".
ate classification of Income Maintenance
Decision, dated January 22, 1985, was
I.M.O.'s were improperly classified as
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The Uni6n brought a successful Application for Judicial
Review. In a unanimous Judgment, the Ontario Divisional Court quashed
the Decision and remitted the issue of remedy "for rehearing" to a new
panel of the Board.
Mr. Justice Reid's rationale appears, in part, at pp. 12, 13
and 15:
. . ..the individual's right to grieve conferred by s. 18(2) cannot be restricted by a collective
agreement. That being the law, the majority was simply wrong in thinking its powers were limited by Article 5.1.2. The Board is obliged to follow
the law and no question of reasonableness arises. The question that does arise is whether the Board had power to require the employer to find or create a classification for grievors. I think it
had that power. Its authority under s. 19 of the
Act is untrammelled. It "shall decide the
matter". Simply to dismiss the grievances when it acknowledges that the grievors are wrongly classified is to empty the grievance procedure of
any meaning. It is a commonplace of the law that the existence of a right implies the existence of a remedy.
The employer initiated the process which led to grievors being wrongly classified. The employer alone can create classifications yet it has failed
or refused to do so and seeks to take advantage of its failure. Classification is not a mere matter
of title, it is a matter of money. The employer
.has given grievor5 added responsibilty yet refuses to compensate them accordingly....
The Board's obligation under s. 19(l) is to
"decide the matter". When looked at.without the
confinement imposed by Article 5.1.2. "the matter" grieved was wrong classification. If the Board concluded that the classification was wrong, its mandate was to effect a proper classification.
Its jurisdiction is unrestricted. Its mandate is remedial..."
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Some 78 individual classification grievances, filed between
October 1980 and August 1983, were consolidated by the Board's
Registrar and are now known as Berry et al, 217/83. Similarly, some
253 individual classification grievances, filed between 1980 and 1984,
were consolidated under Alcampo et al, 218/83. When the matter came
on for rehearing, the parties agreed that the remedial determinations
in the Berry group would apply with equal force to the Alcampo group.
1. Factual Background
The parties filed a lengthy Agreed Statement of Facts
accompanied by five separate appendices (Exhibit 1). The highlights
of the Agreed Statement can be briefly summarized.
All grievors are employed in the administration of the
Family Benefits Act, R.S.O. 1980 c. 151. Most of the grievances in
both Berry and Alcampo were filed in 1980 and 1981 when all grievors
were classified as Welfare Field Worker 1. The grievors requested a
multiplicity of different classifications (i.e. Clerk 7 General,
Welfare Field Worker 2, Social Worker 2 and in some cases "the most
appropriate classification"). .*
All grievances arise from a Ministry re-organization,
commencing in 1979 to decentralize the delivery of provincial welfare
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benefits from the Income Maintenance Branch in Toronto to local field
staff throughout Ontario.
Mr. Justice Reid made the following succinct observations at
p. 3 of his Judgment:
Until 1979, the principal function of employees in the Welfare Fieldworker I classification was to gather information from applicants and for recipients of benefits under the Family Benefits Act so that a determination of eligibility or continued eligibility for benefits under the Act
could be made. The'determination of eligibility was made by analysts in the Branch Office in Toronto.
In 1979, the Employer initiated a process of decentralization of the administration of the
Family Benefits Act, the ultimate effect of which
was to delegate responsibility for the determination of eligibility to the grievors. Decentralization was undertaken in two phases. The second phase was not completed until the end of 1983.
Phase 1 was implemented at various local offices
December, 1979 and November, 1980 (Appendix 1 to Exhibit 1)
phase, all eligibility and continuing eligibility decisions
between
. In this
on active
files were delegated to the local field staff. A Data Communications
Network (ONTAP) was introduced at the field level.
Phase 2 was implemented between July, 1981 and March, 1983
(Appendix 5 to Exhibit 1). In the final phase, eligibility reviews,
retroactive decisions on eligibility, overpayments and retroactive
budget calculations were transferred to local field staff. An
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. automated system ,(C.R.S.) was implemented to link local offices to
trace files on a provincial basis.
Decen
for field staff
Officer (I.M.O.
created. I.M.0
,t
1
‘.
ralization resulted in the specialization of duties
and eventually the position of Income Maintenance
and Eligibility Review Officer (E.R.O.) were
's were responsible for client information gathering,
determining eligibility and continuing eligibility, and making
decisions both current and retroactive on information provided by the
client. The task of E.R.O.'s was primarily investigatory. The
E.R.O.'s were required to objectively determine eligibility and verify
the information provided by clients , and in appropriate cases to
investigate alleged fraud.
Effective April 1, 1983, the Ministry reclassified E.R.o.'~
from Welfare Field Worker 1 to Clerk 6 General (atypical). On May 1,
1984, Counsel for the Union informed the Ministry in writing that all
grievors in Berry et al would now seek reclassification to Clerk 6
General.
In January, 1986, after the release of the Samuels Decision,
but prior to Judicial Review, the Ministry made a decision to
reclassify Income Maintenance Officers from W&fare Field Worker 1 to
Clerk 5 General (atypical) retroactive to September 1, 1985. All
Income Maintenance Officers who worked exclusively on cases involving
handicapped children were reclassified from Welfare Field Worker 1 to
.
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Welfare Field Worker 2 retroactive to April 1, 1985.
A position audit for Income Maintenance Officer was prepared
in September, 1984 by Consultant Heather Hall on the basis of a
representative sample. Generally, the parties agreed that the job
audit was accurate and indeed was relied upon in the Samuels Decision.
In November, 1986, all Income Maintenance Officers were
reclassified from Clerk 5 General (atypical) to Level 10 of the Office
and Administration Group (O.A.G.) , with the exception of Handicapped
Children's Benefit Workers who remained classified as Welfare Field
Worker 2. Similarly, all Eligibility Review Officers were
11 of the Off reclassified from Clerk 6 General (atypical) to Level ice
and Administration Group.
2. Classification of Income Maintenance Officers
On these facts, the Board is now required to fashion an
appropriate remedy in light of.the reasons given by the Divisional
Court in Berry et al. The evidentiary basis before us was similar,
although not identical, to the evidence considered by the Samuels
panel. Briefly, the rehearing proceeded on the basis of the 1984 Job
Audit, the Agreed Statement of Facts and extensive submissions
accompanied by a plethora of legal and arbitral urisprudence.
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The central issue is the appropriate classification of
Income Maintenance Officer in light of the 1984 Job Audit, the
findings in the Samuels Decision, the Employer's subsequent
classification decision and the Judicial Review in Berry et al. Other
issues for determination include retroactivity and entitlement to
interest. The Board was also requested to retain jurisdiction on
Eligibility Review Officers and Handicapped Children's Benefit
Workers.
At the rehearing, on March 11 and April 24, 1987, the
Parties requested certain procedural direction. The Employer
maintained that the I.M.O. grievances had been effectively resolved
with the decision to reclassify I.M.O.'s to Clerk 5 General and the
Ministry offer to pay full retroactive benefits to 20 days prior to
the filing of the grievances. In sum, the Employer's position was
that Union disagreement with the classification selected must be the
subject of fresh grievances. The Union did not agree with the
classification selected and urged the Board to fashion appropriate
remedial relief.
The Board's Interim Decision dated July 16, 1987 made the
following observations at pp 6 and 7:
. .
. ..the Board does not accept the Employer's argument that the Berry grievances have been
resolved. In our opinion, the reclassification of
the Berry I.M.O. 's after the release'of the Samuels' Decision but prior to the release of the
. -9 -
Divisional Court Judgment does not dispose of the
matter....
Clearly, the Grievance Settlement Board's mandate
is to hear and resolve differences between the parties. There is at least one significant difference between these parties; namely, the
Union does not agree that the classification of Clerk 5 General is appropriate.
. ..the Board has broad remedial authority to order
the Employer to find or create an appropriate classification in appropriate cases. Accordingly,
the Board will hear whatever evidence either Party may deem appropriate....
The matter proceeded for a rehearing on the merits on May 4,
May 13 and May 16, 1988. At the outset, the Employer advanced a
preliminary objection. Mr. Costen maintained that the sole issue
before the Board was the appropriateness of the classification
selected for Income Maintenance Officers, namely Clerk 5 General. He
maintained that it would be wrong to entertain a proposal by the Union
for any other classification. The Union argued that the Board had
jurisdiction to review the appropriateness of the Welfare Field Worker
2 Class Standard, and if deemed inappropriate the Board must order the
Employer to create a new classification. We reserved on the
preliminary objection and proceeded to hear the merits.
There can be no dispute that under s. 18(l)(a) of the Crown
Employees Collective Bargaining Act the Employer, and not the Board,
has the exclusive authority to classify a position. However,
following the judicial review in Berry et al, it is clear that under
s. 19(l), the Board has the remedial authority to effect a proper
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classification once a finding is made that the grievors are improperly
classified. The Board's authority is to require the Employer to find
or create a proper classification for the grievors. Given the length
and complexity of these proceedings, the Union cannot be faulted for
making a proposal where it is not satisfied with the classification
selected. The Board can go so far as to make findings of fact or
recommendations on the appropriateness of any such Union proposal.
However, the decision to classify remains within the exclusive
jurisdiction of the Employer.
We turn now to the central issue. The Class Standard for
the General Clerical Series contains the following preamble:
CLASS STANDARD:
PREAMBLE
CLERICAL, TYPING, STENOGRAPHIC, AND SECRETARIAL CLASS SERIES
KINDS OF WORE COVERED:
These five series cover all office positions and office supervisory positions that are not covered by a specialized clerical, technical, equipment operating, or professional class series.
GENERAL CLERICAL SERIES - 7 CLASSES:
This series covers positions where the
purpose is to perform clerical work,.-entirely or in combination with incidental typing, stenographic or machine operating duties. Where exclusion of the latter would significantly change the
character of a position, or where they occupy a large proportion of-the working time, the position should be assigned to one of the specialized
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classes, e.g. Clerical Typist. Positions for
which specialized clerical series exist, e.g. Clerk, Mail and Messenger, Clerk, Filing, etc. should not be assigned to this series. Group leader responsibility normally begins at the third level, while the fourth and above usually cover positions involving line supervision; however, non-supervisory positions can also be included.
The Clerk 5 General Class Standard reads:
CLASS DEFINITION:
Employees in positions allocated to this class perform responsible clerical work requiring detailed knowledge of a body of regulations,
statutes or local practices, together with a thorough understanding of the objectives of the work unit. Decision-making involves judgment in
the interpretation and application of policy or administrative directives to problems where the intent of existing instructions is obscure in specific cases. This frequently necessitates modifying work processes or the development of new
methods. Although the work is carried out with a large degree of independence, it is reviewed for consistency of decision-making. Difficult technical questions, or those involving policy
determination are referred to supervisors.
Tasks typical of this level include responsibility for a significant non-supervisory, clerical, or clerical accounting function involving the interpretation, explanation and application of a phase of departmental legislation
or regulations and requiring the ability to make acceptable recommendations or provide functional
advice, supervising a group of "journeyman clerks" performing clerical duties of varying complexity or a smaller group engaged in more specialized work by planning, assigning and reviewing work, deciding priorities, maintaining production levels and carrying responsibility for the total
performance of the unit.
QUALIFICATIONS:
1. Grade 12 education, or an equivalent combination of education, training and
experience; preferably completion of
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additional training such as related
correspondence and university extension courses; thorough knowledge of office
practices and procedures.
2. About six years progressively responsible clerical experience or an equivalent combination of experience and higher
education.
3. Ability to.evaluate the effectiveness of clerical procedures and staff performance: ability to supervise the work of other
employees; ability to interpret regulations
and instructions into procedures and practice; ability to prepare effective correspondence, instructions and reports.
Revised, December, 1963
The Union proposal of Welfare Field Worker 2 reads:
WELFARE FIELD WORKER 2
CLASS DEFINITION:
This is welfare fie~ld work carried out from the District Offices of the Department of Public Welfare involving the investigation and obtaining of information as to the eligibility or continuing eligibility of applicants for assistance under the
Welfare Allowances programmes and the counselling and guidance of applicants on financial matters,
job opportunities, rehabilitation, child guidance,
health facilities, etc. The worker will be required to develop satisfactory relationships with applicants and agencies, to carry out the
practices and techniques of case work and to maintain adequate social histories. At least 40%
of the duties performed must concern counselling and case work.
CHARACTERISTIC ~wrms: . .
Offer counselling and case work service to all applicants and more extensive counselling and case
work to applicants selected by the Welfare Field Supervisor in conjunction with the Welfare Field Worker as most likely to benefit from this type of service.
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Represent the Province at Juvenile and Family Court hearings.
Interview, in their homes, applicants for assistance under the Old Age Assistance, Blind
Persons' Allowances, Mothers' and Dependent Children‘s Allowances, Disabled Persons'
Allowances and General Welfare Assistance Acts, and record on prescribed forms all necessary information to enable applicants' eligibility to
be determined by the Department. Undertake the rehabilitation of applicants by counselling and arranging financial assistance.
Provide parents with guidance in child care and
training.
Help applicants to obtain and maintain satisfactory housing.
On behalf of the Federal government, accept applications for Old Age Security.
Verify applicants' or recipients' statements by investigating health and medical records; obtain Surrogate Court records, executors' statements, details of bank savings deposits, statements of cash surrender values of insurance policies and statements of earnings from employers.
Maintain close liaison with local welfare agencies and guide applicants for assistance to the most appropriate source; keep abreast of Provincial, Federal and local welfare legislation; discuss current status of particular cases with local
officials.
Maintain caseload records and carry out related
clerical work: arrange interviews and appointments.
In unorganized areas, accept applications for General Welfare Assistance, set up welfare
budgets, issue emergency relief vouchers, approve
and arrange transportation for indigent hospitalization cases.
QUALIFICATIONS:
1. A minimum of Grade XIII education: pass standard in the Departmental examinations for
this class.
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2. Three years' experience as a Welfare Field
Worker 1.
3. Ability to establish satisfactory relationships with applicants; ability to carry out practices and techniques of case work; good knowledge of the relevant Acts and
Regulations: ability to drive a car.
May 1961.
In addition, the Employer's Ontario Manual of Administration
in its policy section entitled "Position Administration" contains the
following definitions:
"Class" or
"Grade"
"Atypical Allocation"
A distinct level and type of work with: . the complexity, skill and responsibility exemplified as a class standard; and
. a specific pay range.
The allocation to a class of a position
that in general fits that class better than any other, but is significantly
different from other positions in the class with respect to the: . function(s) carried out; or
. skills and knowledge required.
On the evidentiary basis of the 1984 Job Audit, we would
agree with the findings of the Samuels panel that the I.M.O. duties
and responsibilities encompass three essential functions -
counselling, information gathering, and eligibility determinations.
The factual conclusions of the Board were unanimous. The Samuel s
Board unanimously concluded that the grievors were misclassified
because the Class Standard for Welfare Field Worker 1 did not cover
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the "critical task" of eligibility determinations. That task, of
course, was acquired by the grievors as a result of decentralization.
This Panel agrees with Vice-Chairman Samuels' comments at
p. a:
While we accept that a Class Standard may not
encompass all the duties involved in a job, the Standard must cover at least the significant elements of the job.
The 1984 Job Audit assigns 75% of I.M.O. working time to the
management of an assigned family benefits case load (between 300 and
400 cases on an average). 20% of the time is spent in counselling
duties and 5% in other related duties.
There is no dispute that there are substantial clerical
component to the I.M.O. position. However, there are also substantial'
non-clerical components to the job - i.e. a case load involving direct
client relationships, meetings, interviews, a counselling component
and a substantial percentage of time outside the office. In addition,
the preamble to the clerical series specifies that the five series
referred to covers "all office positions". In our opinion, it cannot
be said that the I.M.O. position is an office.'position.
The Board is satisfied that the significant non-clerical
component required of I.M.O. 's is not encompassed in the general
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i
clerical series. Indeed, the Employer appears to have recognized that
fact by designating the classification Clerk 5 General as atypical.
Union Counsel made the argument that by definition an
atypical designation constitutes misclassification, post Berry et al.
The Board can appreciate the force of this argument; however, we
prefer to review the merits of each atypical designation to assess the
appropriateness of the classification selected.
In the post Berry era, the Court has made it clear that the
Employer has the right and the obligation to properly classify the
employees. In certain circumstances, it may well be that an atypical
designation is indeed appropriate. However, for the reasons stated,
the Board is not persuaded that the atypical classification selected
in these circumstances is appropriate. Accordingly, we cannot confirm
the Employer's selected classification of Clerk 5 General atypical.
Similarly, we cannot agree that the Union proposal for
classification as Welfare Field Worker 2 is appropriate. That Class
Standard specifies a 40% counselling component. The Job Audit in
question assigns a 20% time allocation to counselling duties. Mr.
Hadwen candidly acknowledged that I.M.O.’ s would have difficulty in
matching the in depth counselling requirement to justify the Welfare
Field Worker 2 classification. Clearly, the I.M.O. performs a more
limited counselling role.
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It appears to us that the Welfare Field Worker series is the
appropriate classification with significant changes in .the Class
Standards to reflect current responsibilities. The Field Worker
series was last revised in 1961 and presumably with the passage of
time is in need of revision. Alternatively, the Employer must create
an entirely new Class Series. In sum, we order the Employer to revise
the Welfare Field Worker series or alternatively to create a new
classification for I.M.O.'s.
3. Retroactivity
Once the classification issue has been resolved, the
grievors will be entitled to retroactive compensation. The parties
disagree on the effective date of retroactivity.
The Union urges the Board to award retroactivity to the date
the employees became improperly classified. Alternatively, it was
contended that retroactivity should run 20 days prior to the date of
the filing of the grievances. The Employer suggested various
retroactivity dates:
1. September 1984 - the date of the"position audit;
2. May 1, 1984 - the date the Union amended all
classification requests to Clerk 6 General;
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3. "the end of 1983" - the date referred to by Mr. Justice
Reid on the basis of the factums submitted by the
parties; or
4. April 1, 1983 - the date when E.R.O.'s were reclassified
to Clerk 7 General.
The Samuels Decision makes it clear that the employees
became misclassified when they were required to perform eligibility
determinations. That task was added as a direct result of the
decision to decentralize. The first phase commenced in December 1979
in two offices (Hamilton and Kingston) and continued until November,
1980. The second phase commenced in July, 1981 and was introduced at
various dates until March, 1983.
In our opinion, the 1983 date referred in Mr. Justice Reid's
Judgment, based on the factums'submitted, does not resolve the issue.
Clearly, the Court was not required to adjudicate the retroactivity
issue.
We are satisifed that the grievors are entitled to
retroactivity to 20 days prior to the filing of the various grievances
which in the vast majority of cases was late 1980 and the first three
months, 1981. However, the Union has claimed'.entitlement to earlier
retroactivity on the basis of discussions held between the parties.
However, no such evidence was adduced, presumably due to the illness
of the Union president. Accordingly, the Board shall retain
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jurisdiction to a'suitable future date to hear evidence of earlier
entitlement to retroactivity.
4. Interest
The Employer contends that interest is not appropriate and
sites as authority OPSEU (Susan Peters) and Ministry of Health 241/84
(Jolliffe). Alternatively, the Employer argued that if interest is to
be awarded, the award should date from either May 1 or September 1,
1984 because of the delay in processing the matter to arbitration.
The Union maintains that full interest be awarded on the
authority of OPSEU (Boner et al) and Ministry of Transportation and
Communications 1563/85, 1571/85 (Kates).
In the absence of any evidence of delay on the part of the
grievors in processing these classification grievances, we cannot
accept the Employer's submission that interest be withheld prior to
1984. Since the Judgment of the Ontario Divisional Court in The Queen
in Right of Ontario and Ontario Public Service Employees Union, et
al. (1987), 57 O.R. (2d) 641, - there can be no dispute that the Board
has the authority to award interest by necessky implication under s.
19(l) of the Crown Employees Collective Bargaining Act. In that
Judgment, the reasons for awarding interest are fully canvassed by
Mr, Justice Craig. Accordingly, we award interest from the effective
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e
date of entitlement to retroactivity on the class ification chosen to
December 31, 1985, at which point the 1.M.0.'~ were reclassified to
Level 10 of the Officer and Administration Group (OAG).
5. Retention of Jurisdiction
The Board shall retain jurisdiction on a proper
classification for I.M.O.'s, on the issue of the date of entitlement
to retroactivity, and on the grievors who are E.R.O.'s and H.C.B.'s or
until such time as we are required to make a further decision.
Similarly, we retain jurisdiction in the event the parties encounter
any difficulties in the interpretation or implementation of this
Decision.
DATED at Brantford, Ontario, this 21st day of June, 1988.
L- .-+-- L A;---* L
R. L. VERITY, Q.C. - VICE-CHAIRMAN
T. TRAVES - MEMBER
& .&/c: A,
A. G. STAPLETON/- MEMBER