HomeMy WebLinkAbout1983-0360.Forester.84-01-30i
ON,ARIO
CKJWN EMPLOYEES
GRIEVANCE
WTLEMENT
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITIATIOic
Under
THE'CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE B.\RGAIMIKG ACT
Before
THE GRIEVAI\'CE SETTLENENT BOARD
OPSEU (J.Forester) Griever
and
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Correctional Services)
Employer
Before : P.M.Draper Vice Chairman
I.J.Thomson A!ember
G.A.Peckham Member
For the Grievor: P.Cavalluzzo
Counsel
iiessrs. Cavalluzzo, Hayes SL Lennon
Barristers & Solicitors
For the Employer: For the Employer: J.F.Benedict J.F.Benedict - - hi a nag e r , hi a n a LL e r . Staff Relations Staff Relations
Personnel Branch .
hij~nistry of Correctional Services
Personnel Branch .
hij~nistry of Correctional Services
Hearing:. December 5, 1983
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DECISION
The Grievor, Jack Forester, grieves that he is
unjustly being denied the relief period provided by
Article 18.5 of the collective agreement and requests
that such period be granted.
Article 18.5 reads:
After each hour of continuous operation of a
VDT, a VDT operator shall be relieved of such
duties for a period of ten (10) minutes.
The Grievor is a Security Officer employed at
the Quinte Detention Centre in Napanee. The Centre has
maximum, medium and minimum security areas, accommodates
about 150 inmates and has a staff of 50 full time and 12
part time officers. The Griever's duties are carried out
in a control module from which traffic through the front
gate and the front door of the institution are monitored.
TheGrievorhas both video and audio contact with the gate
and the door. The module is a room approximately 12 feet
by 6 feet with bullet-proof windows on three sides. The
room faces the foyer into which the front door leads. The
door by which the Grievor enters and leaves the module is
locked and under the control of an officer in another
module. The Grievor works a day shift Monday through Friday
from 8:00 a.m. to 4:45 p.m. with a 45 minute lunch period
and a 10 minute break morning and afternoon. He sits facing
a panel on which are electricalcontrols for the operation
of and audio contact with the gate and door. To his left I
I
are two ten inch television monitors (receivers), the screens
, ,T 1
I j c’ -3- .~
of which show black and white pictures received from two
fixed cameras, one focussed on the gate, the other on the
door. The television monitors are not connected to any
other equipment in the module. The module also contains
controls for a metal detector used to screen visitors and
an x-ray machine used to screen parcels which are operated
by the Grievor. He must also see to it that visitors sign
one of the several log books kept in the foyer, each being
for a different category of visitor (e.g. inmate visitor,
volunteer worker, police officers). Callers at the front
gate signal him by means of a buzzer and state their business
via an intercom. If he decides to admit a caller, he opens
the gate, the caller proceeds to the front door, identifies
himself again, enters, presents identification to the Grievor
and signs the appropriate log book. Articles and clothing
that are not to be taken into the institution are placed in
a locker for which the Griever supplies a key. Visitors
go through a second door also operated by the Grievor and
wait for an escort. IYhen leaving the institution, visitors
collect any belongings left in a locker, surrender the key,
sign the appropriate log book and are let out through the
door and gate by the Gricvor. The Grievor has telephone
communication within the institution which he uses, for
e>:ample, if in doubt as to the admission of a caller or to
ask if an inmate is available to be visited.
Gary Cwitco, called as an expert'witness by
counsel to the Griever, holds degrees in history and
political science and is a writer and educator in the field
.
of occupational safety and health. He testified that a
television monitor is a kind of VDT and a person who is
required to watch a television screen and to respond to
what appears on it is operating a VDT. In his opinion,
the difference between a broadcast television viewer and
a VDT operator is the intensity of the concentration
required of the latter; what the monitor is connected to
is not important. He cited a recent survey conducted by
the Canadian Labour Congress charting the relationship
between health-related symptoms, such as those described
by theGreivor, and VDT work.
The September-October, 1980, issue of "Health
Alert", a publication (now discontinued) of the Labour
Council of Metropolitan Toronto, of which Cwitco was then
editor, was filed in evidence by counsel to the Grievor.
The issue discusses the health hazards associated with the
operation of VDT's and contains .these general observations:
Video Display Terminals (VDT'S) are becoming
an increasingly common tool in Canadian
workplaces. It is estimated that there are
more than 250,000 units in place in Canada.
The people who work in front of them may be
processing a financial transaction at a bank,
typing a letter, routing a telephone call,
preparing a transcript for a university
student, writing a story for a newspaper or
any number of other functions.
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The video display ter-minal consists of a
keyboard attached to a television screen
known as a cathode ray tube (CRT).
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The introduction to a publication of Health
and Welfare Canada, "Investigation of Radiation Emissions
from Video Display Terminals", filed in evidence by the
representative of the Employer, contains the following:
A video display terminal is essentially a
television monitor that displays information
received from a computer system or word
processor rather than from a television
broadcast signal. It is an integral part of
the electronic data handling system making up
a word processor. Together with a keyboard,
the VDT constitutes the interactive element
between the operator and the microprocessor:
In some home computers, the TV set is used as
the display terminal.
An article by Dr. Ernest Letourneau of Health
and Welfare Canada, published in 1981 in the Canadian
Medical Journal and reproduced in Barrs, 345/81, describes
VDT's as "low-power monochrome television sets that are
hooked up to keyboards and electronic data-handling
systems." The article also refers to non-radiation
effects on health of VDT work caused by tedium, cramped
quarters and visual concentration. In the same case it
was noted that in 1979,regulations made under the
Radiation Emitting Devices Act were amended to enlarge
the definition of television receivers to include "video
monitors and video display systems."
What is to be decided here is the correct inter-
pretation of Article 18.5. This poses the question: Does
the Griever operate a VDT (video display terminal) within
the meaning of the article? Counsel to.the Grievor submits
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that the television monitors used by the Grievor are VDT's
by definition; that they operate continuously though the
Grievor does not look at them full time; and that the
Griever's ailments - eye strain, headaches and irritability
- are those which studies have shown to be associated with
the operation of VDT's. It is argued for the Employer that
the television monitors used by the Grievor are comparable
to those which receive broadcast television; that VDT's not
only have a screen but a keyboard by means of which they are
connected to a computer or a word processor; that the
Grievor does not operate the monitors since they are
connected to cameras which produce the pictures shown on the
screens; and that even if the Grievor could be said to be
operating the monitors, he does not do so continuously.
Counsel to the Grievor was frank to say that we
are not concerned here with the possibility of radiation.
It is to be noted, as well, that no medical evidence was
adduced in respect of the ailments to which the Grievor
testified, and that Cwitco is not competent to testify that
the television monitors are the cause of those symptoms but
only that they are similar to ailments reported by operators
of VDT's.
It appears that for purposes of scientific evaluation
and classification and, in particular, in connection with the
study of radiation, VDT's are grouped with televison monitors.
This is presumable because they are both electronic
i
appliances that utilize cathode ray tubes (CRT'S) to display
signals received by one or another means of transmission.
We are not persuaded that this methodology should determine
0
the meaning of the term VDT as it appears in Article
18.5. For present purposes, the interpretation properly
to be given the acronym VDT is that which best represents
the sense in which it is used in Article 18.5. In
arriving at that interpretation we must take into consid-
eration its usage "in the trade", so to speak, and in
common parlance.
We do not believe that Article 18.5 can be said
to apply to any employee who, in the course of his or her
duties, looks at a television screen. In our opinion the
VDT's contemplated by the article are the now familiar items
of equipment consisting of a television monitor and a
device which enables the operator to produce and control
the images that appear on the monitor. Further, the
operators of such VDT's do not simply "look at" an image on
a monitor, they must "read" the characters (letters or
figures) their operation of the actuating device has
caused to be displayed. These strike us as being crucial
distinctions between the two appliances under discussion.
Parenthetically, we note that such attention as
the Gricvor is required to give to the television monitors
is necessarily divided between them. Could it be seriously
suggested that he is operating two VDT's in the sense
conveyed by the language of Article 18.5?
In the result, we find that the Grievor does not
operate a VDT within the meaning of Article 16.5 of the
collective agreement. The grievance is accordingly dismissed.
Kc are inclined to think that the Griever's real
complaint stems from the general physical discomfort he
experiences because of the conditions in which he works.
His work place is small, enclosed and cluttered. His
movement is greatly restricted by the lack of open space.
His ailments might possibly be as traceable to illumination,
ventilation or work place design as to the television
monitors, Perhaps recollection of its obligation to make
reasonable provisions for the safety and health of employees
might prompt the Employer to consider possible ways in
which the Griever's working conditions could be improved.
DATED at Consecon, Ontario this 30th day of January, 1984.
P.M. Draper
Member
4 G.>. Peckham Nember