HomeMy WebLinkAbout1983-0742.Isaac and MacIsaac.84-07-17Between:
Before:
742/S3
24184
IN TIIE UTTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING.ACT
For the Grievor:
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
OPSEU (Joyce V. Isaac and
L. Gaynor MacIsaac) Grievors
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of the Attorney General) Employer
R.L. Kennedy Vice Chairman
T. Traves Member
E.R. O'Kelly Member
B. Hanson, Counsel
Cavalluzzo, Hayes k Lennon
Barristers & Solicitors
For the Employer: J. Zarudny, Counsels
Crown Law Office Civil
Ministry of the Attorney General
Hearing: June 6, 1954
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DECISION
This matter comes before the Board on an Agreed Statement
of Facts in the following terms:
1.. On August 18, 1983, the Civil Service Commission of
Ontario posted the position of senior accounts payable
clerk, clerk 4 general (competition AG/39) in the Ministry
of the Attorney General.
2. The grievors, Joyce V. Isaac and L. Gaynor MacIsaac,
applied for the position prior to the closing date August
31, 1983 and were each given interviews therefor, on
September 16, 1983.
3. By letter dated October 28, 1983 the grievors were
each advised that their applications for the position of
senior accounts payable clerk, had been denied.
4. Ms. Isaac submitted a grievance in writing on
November 3, 1983 claiming the position of Senior Accounts
Payable Clerk, Clerk 4. Ms. MacIsaac submitted an
identical grievance on the same date. Both grievances
were submitted within the time periods as required
pursuant to Article 27.2.2. of the collective agreement.
5. By letter dated November 14, 1983 and delivered by
hand 'each grievor was advised by Mr. W. McKenzie (Accounts
Payable Supervisor) that their grievance was denied.
6. By letter dated November 24, 1983, Ms. MacIsaac
referred both grievances to Mr. A. Campbell, Deputy
Minister, Ministry of the Attorney General, in accordance
with stage two of the grievance procedure as set out in
Article 27.3.2 of the.collective agreement.
7. By letter dated December 2, 1983, Mr. P. W.
Clendinneng (Director, Ministry of the Attorney General),
advised Ms. MacIsaac as follows:
Article 27.3.2 of the Collective Agreement
stipulates that the grievance must be
submitted at stage two within seven days of
the stage one reply. As your grievance at
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stage two is outside the time limits stipulated
in the Collective Agreement, I must advise that
the grievance is unacceptable for want of time-
liness. Accordingly no further consideration
will be given to this grievance.
8. The union does not dispute that the grievances were
not filed in compliance with the timeliness provisions of
Art-icle 27.3.2. On the union's interpretation of that
article and pursuant to Article 27.12, the grievances were
fi.led one day late.
9. The grievances were filed late solely because of the
inexperience of the union's local executive.
The
grievances at issue in this case were the first to be
processed by that executive.
There were additional facts agreed to by counsel at the
Hearing, as follows:
1. With reference to Paragraph 6 in the Agreed Statement
of Fact, the letters dated November 24th were, in
fact, received by the Employer on November 29th and
December 1st respectively in the offi-ce of the
Deputy Minister.
2. With reference to Paragraph 8 of the Agreed Statement
of Facts, there is a difference between the parties
as to the interpretation of that article. The
letters in question were sent by mail to the
Employer, and it is the Employer's positionthat it
is the date of receipt of the letter that governs.
Accordingly, it is the Employer's position that the
grievances were more than one day late.
3. It was agreed that the two Grievors work in the same
building wherein is located the office,of the Deputy
Minister.
4. The successful applicant for the position had been
advised as to the time and place of Hearing. Counsel
for the Employer advised us that she was unable to
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attend the Hearing because she was absent on
bereavement leave.
5. By letter dated January 3, 1984,'the Employer advised the Grievors that the grievances had not been
processed in a timely manner and were, therefore,
deemed to have been withdrawn by virtue, of the
provisions of Article 27.11 of the Collective
_* Agreement between the parties.
6. The parties agreed that the grievances in question
were not continuing grievances.
It was Mr. Zarudny's argument that once three things were
established, the grievances became legally inarbitrable.
Firstly, Article 27.11 of the Collective Agreement provides as
follows:
Where a grievance is not processed within the time allowed or has not been processed by the employee or the Union
within the time Drescribed it shall be deemed to have been
withdrawn.
,its are mandatory, This section makes it clear that the time lim
and this has been confirmed in numerous prior
Board. Reference may be made to Parr 317/82
decisions of this
(Swan), Goheen
321/82 (Verity), Lam 377/83 (Jolliffe), and OPSEU (Union
Grievance) 676/81 (Teplitsky). Secondly, Article 27.3.2
requires that the matter proceed to Stage Two within seven days
of the Stage One'reply. On the facts agreed to between the
parties, that time period was exceeded, irrespective of whether
it is the Union or the Employer position on the meaning of that
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Article that is adopted. Thirdly, it is agreed that these
grievances are not continuing grievances.
For the Union, Mr. Hanson conceded that the weight of
authority-was to the effect that the time limits were mandatory
and that the grievances were not continuing grievances.
However, he argued that a wrongful denial of a promotion
constituted an appraisal within the language of Section 18 (2)
(b) of the Crown, Employees Collective Bargaining. Act, R.S;O.
1980 c. 108 (The Act). AS such, the right to grieve was a -
statutory right of each employee which the parties could not
limit by contractual means, and which right the Grievors could
pursue irrespective of time limit constraints set out in the
Collective Agreement. The principal authorities relied upon in
support of that argument were Re Ontario Public Service
Employees Union and the Crown in Right of Ontario et al (1983)
44 O.R. (2d) 51 (Div. Ct.) and Keelinq 45/78 (Prichard),
affirmed (1980) 30 O.R. (2d) 662 (Div. Ct.). In the
alternative Mr. Hanson relied on Section 55 of the Act which
states as follows:
No proceedings under this Act are invalid by reason of any
defect of form or any technical irregularity and no such
proceedings shall be quashed or set aside if no
substantial wrong or miscarriage of justice has
occurred.
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He argued that under that provision the Grievance Settlement
Board could, in appropriate circumstances, relieve against
missed time limits.
On >is argument that the denial of the job constituted an
appraisal, Mr. Hanson argued that an appraisal is not confined
to any formal process applied on regular occasions. It can
include special purpose appraisals for such matters as
promotion and discipline, and reference was made to Scott
23/76 (Swan) and Farley 581/82 (Roberts). Mr. Hanson argued
that a promotion competition in the context of a relative
ability clause such as exists in the Collective Agreement
between these parties requires the Employer to undertake a
relative. assessment of suitability for the position as between
the candidates, and it was the Union position that that
assessmentconstituted a special purpose appraisal within the
language of Section 18 (2) (b) of the Act. Mr. Hanson conceded
that the decision of this Board in Lariviere 73/76 (Swan) was
contrary to his position, but he argued that Lariviere did not
stand for the proposition that a relative assessment did not
constitute an appraisal. Rather he stated all that Lariviere
stood for was that a complaint on relative assessment did not
come within the As. He argued that we should not follow the
decision in Lariviere because it was discriminatory and unfair
in denying an employee who was unsuccessful on a job
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competition his rights under Section 18 (2) (b). He further
argued that the Lariviere decision was contrary to Keeling
45/78 (Prichard) and was further contrary to principles of
construction with respect to Sections 18 (2) (b) of the Act in
that in substance the decision denied rights under the Act to a
relative assessment as opposed to an absolute assessment
situation. Lastly, with respect to Lariviere, Mr. Hanson
argued that the purpose of Section 18 (2) (b) of the Act is to
permit an employee to grieve an incorrect or unreasonable
appraisal so as to preclude prejudice to the employee by its
subsequent use. Lariviere seems in substance to create a
distinction between the appraisal itself and its subsequent use
and seems to be saying that under 18 (2) (b) you can grieve an
appraisal but not its subsequent use in a competition. In the
context of special purpose appraisals the use is part and
parcel of the appraisal, and to deny access to Section 18 (2)
(b) in that context could not have been intended by the
legislature.
With reference to his argument pursuant to Section 55 of
the Act, it was Mr. Hanson's position that no inference should
be drawn from the fact that the Act was not amended in the same
way that the Labour Relations Act was amended to include
therein provisions similar to the present Section 44 (6) giving
arbitrators a power to extend the time limits within the
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grievance procedure. He further argued that decisions such as
Union Carbide Canada Ltd. v. Weiler (1968) 70 D.L.R. (2d) 333
(S.C.C.) and General Truck Drivers Union, Local 938 v. Hoar
Transport Co. Ltd. (1969) 4 D.L.R. (.3d) 149 (S.C.C.) are not
binding qn the Grievance Settlement Board. For support of that
argument he referred to Keeling 45/78 (Prichard) and the
analysis in that decision commencing at Page 24. In addition
to the points raised by Vice-Chairman Prichard, it was Mr.
Hanson's position that there were also good policy reasons in
the industrial relations context for finding that this Board
had jurisdiction to deal with missed time limits. For
authority on that point he referred to Re Communications Union
Canada and Bell Canada (1976) 13 O.R. (2d) 570 (Div. Ct.).
It was the Union argument that Section 55. applied to the
circumstances before us on the basis that we were involved in a
proceeding under the As, ~the exceeding of the time limit was a
technical irregularity, and there resulted no substantial
wrong. By way of authority that we were dealing with a
proceeding under the Act, counsel relied on the decision of
Professor Weiler in Re Union Carbide Canada Ltd. (1967) 18
L.A.C. 74, that was considered by the Supreme Court of Canada
in the Union Carbide decision previously referred to.
Reference was also made to a decision of the Ontario Labour
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Relations Board in Re Bedard Girard Ontario, I19811 O.L.R.B.
'Reports 1338 (Howe). On the argument that what had happened
constituted a technical irregularity, reliance~ was again placed
on the Union Carbide arbitration decision and upon the Bell
Canada decision previously referred to. On the aspect of
substantial harm, he argued that it was self-evident that no
harm could flow from the two or three days delay that had
occurred in these circumstances. On the aspect of prejudice,
Mr. Hanson also referred to Re Toronto Western Hospital (1983)
9 L.A.C. (3d) 91 (Teplitsky).
In his reply argument it was the position of Mr. Zarudny
.that the only case directly on point and dealing with the
issues before this Board was the Lariviere decision and that
its reasoning was conclusive of the issue.
He conceded that
once a matter came within Section 18 (2) (b) of the Act, there
existed a right to grieve irrespective of time limits, but this
Board in Lariviere has held specifically that in the context of
a competition grievance, the relative assessment of
suitability is not within Section 18 (2) (b) of the As, and
that there is no jurisdiction under Section 55 to relieve
against missed time limits. It was Mr. Zarudny's opinion that
to fall within Section 18 (2) (b) of the As, an appraisal had
to be in relation to the employee's own job and not in relation
to some other job,which he was not performing. He stated that
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the Union position on Section 55 required the Board to ignore
two prior decisions of the Supreme Court of Canada, and it was
his view that they correctly set out the state of the law. On
the desirability of this Board following its prior decisions
unless persuaded that the prior decision is manifestly wrong,
reference was made to Speedie and Jones 355/82 (McLaren).
With respect to the'union's submissions, counsel for the
Employer pointed out that all of the Union cases were in the
areas of classification or disciplinary grievances, wherein
under the Act the Grievor had the specific right to go to the
Grievance Settlement Board. He pointed out that the Union had
come up with no case wherein the parties were not in agreement
that they were dealing with appraisal issues where the case had
gone to the Grievance Settlement Board notwithstanding that the
time limits had been exceeded. With reference to the Scott
case, Mr. Zarudny pointed out that the parties had agreed in
,
that case that they were dealing with an appraisal, and it in
no sense altered the decision in Lariviere. Similarly with
Farley, it was again a case wherein the parties agreed they
were dealing with an appraisal. Reference was made to
Zuibrycki 425/81 (Barton), which case had been distinguished by
Union counsel, as supporting the proposition that an appraisal
was limited for the purposes of Section 18 (2) (b) to
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situations of a formal process of appraisal common to all
employees.
With reference to Mr. Hanson's comments relating to
Lariviere with respect to the distinction between absolute and
relative assessments, it was Mr. Zarudny's position that that
distinction was not the one made by Vice-Chairman Swan in that
case. Rather, Mr. Zarudny stated the principle of Lariviere as
being that Section 18 (2) (b) has no application in a
competition situation wherein the employee has a right to
challenge the competition appraisal, but that right exists
under the Collective Agreement and has to be done within the
time limits. He argued that there was no unfairness or
injustice in requiring the employee to go under the Collective
Agreement, and it is most certainly not a situation in which
the employee is left without a remedy.
With respect to the Keeling decision, Mr. Zarudny argued
that it held simply that once within the provisions of Section
18 (2) (b) of the Act, there was a right in the employee to go
to arbitration, and with that he did not quarrel. The case
contributes nothing, however, on the main issue of whether or
not there exists an appraisal such as to bring the matter
within Section 18 (2) (b) and further, the comments in that
case with respect to the Section 55 argument are dicta only,
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and on Page 22, the decision specifically stated that-the issue
had not been canvassed fully before the Board. The Lariviere
and OPSEU Union grievance cases previously cited were of much
more direct relevance.
With reference to the Section 55 argument, it was Mr.
Zarudny's position that the Grievance Settlement Board had no
inherent powers to amend, modify or ignore the specific
provisions of the Collective Agreement. There was no authority
to rectify the Collective Agreement or ~to give effect to some
concept of industrial relations principle or to reflect the
real intentions of the parties. He argued that this issue had
been settled before the Grievance Settlement Board in Lariviere
and Lam and that the Supreme Court of Canada decisions in Hoar
Transport and Union Carbide also~established a lack of
jurisdiction to act in the manner urged by the Union. He
argued that the comments in Keeling on the jurisdiction to be
derived from Section 55 constituted only dicta, and they ought
not to be followed as there was no substantive difference
between the status and jurisdiction of a statutory board such
as the Grievance Settlement Board and the ad hoc arbitration
boards referred to in the Hoar Transport and Union Carbide
decisions. With reference to the third comment in Keeling
dealing with technical irregularities, Mr. Zarudny pointed out
that the decision in Re Blouin Drywall Contractors Ltd. (1976)
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57 D.L.R. (3d) 199 (ant. C. A.) that was relied upon in Keeling
dealt only with the interpretation of grievances and not with
the interpretation of the Collective Agreement itself. It was
argued that Blouin Drywall does not suggest that you can ignore
the clear meaning of a statute or the Collective Agreement in :
the context of a technical irregularity.
With respect to costs, each party also made submissions to
this Board. It was the position of the Employer that the
Union had taken a long shot, and that they knew well in advance
all of the arguments which would be made on the hearing. In
essence, they sought to review the Lariviere and the Lam
decisions and to ignore Supreme Court authority, and that given
the improbability of success, the Union should pay costs with
respect to the hearing. For the Union, it was argued firstly
that absent any express Collective Agreement provision this
Board had no jurisdiction to award costs. Secondly, even if
the Board had jurisdiction, it was the position of Union
counsel that costs would not be appropriate in view of the
conflicting decisions of the Board that existed represented by
Lariviere and Keeling. In these circumstances, it was argued
that the matter was most appropriately put to a panel of this
Board for resolution.
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The issues and arguments have been very competently set
out to us by counsel for the parties, and .we are clearly of the
view that we prefer the position taken by counsel for the
Employer. The prior decisions in Lariviere and Lam are -
directly*bn point and applicable to the issues before us, and
we are satisfied that the reasoning in those decisions and the
scope of jurisdiction of this Board which they have defined are
binding upon us, both by way of legal precedent and by the
correctness of their analysis. The substance of the grievance
which is before us relates to challenging, in the context of a
job competition, the selection that was made by the Employer.
It is true that that selection process involves an assessment
of the competing candidates, but it is our view that an
appraisal, to fall within the principles of Section 18 (2) (b)
of the A&, involves an appraisal of the employee in the
performance of his existing job with a view either to
constitute an ongoing record of his performance in that job or
to support some particular action or sanction with respect to
that job. In the context of a job competition and an employer
selection in that competition, however, we are outside of the
concept of an appraisal within Section 18 (2) (b) of the Act,
and the right to challenge the Employer's selection is found,
not within the statute, but within the language of the
Collective Agreement. We see nothing inherently discriminatory
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or prejudicial in that fact, as it in no sense creates a
situation where an employee is without a remedy. If he feels
that the Employer's assessment in conjunction with that job
competition has been incorrect, he has full and adequate
redress under the provisions of the Collective Agreement, but
in order to seek that redress, he must comply with the specific
terms of that Collective Agreement.
With specific reference to the Union argument relating to
our jurisdiction under Section 55, we are not inclined to
ignore the jurisprudence that is reflected in the Union Carbide
and Hoar Transport decisions. The section of the Labour
Relations Act referred to in those decisions is analogous in
all respects to the provisions of Section 55, and we do not
consider that we derive jurisdiction to relieve against the
time limits of the grievance procedure from that section.
In the result, it is our view that these grievances must
be dismissed on the basis'that they have not been processed
within the time limits of the Collective Agreement and
therefore by virtue of the provisions of Section 27.11 are
deemed to have been withdrawn.
With respect to costs, we do not think that this is an
appropriate situation for any award as to costs. We were
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directed to no provision of the Collective Agreement conferring
upon us any such authority, and we are aware of no inherent
jurisdiction to deal with costs of a hearing. There are some
instances where in the context of an adjournment arbitrators
have compensated one party for expenses thrown away where the
hearing has proved abortive through the actions of the other
Party, and indeed there is some language in support of such a
practice in the decision of the Divisional Court of Ontario
with respect to the Taffinder grievance between the same
parties released April 13, 1984. A copy of that decision was
filed by counsel for the Employer :at the Hearing. We are aware
of no authority or basis for taking jurisdiction to award
costs, however, in a situation where the matter has proceeded
and been argued before the Grievance Settlement Board.
In any event, and even if we should consider that we have
jurisdiction, we would again not be inclined to award costs.
We do not consider that the a‘r&m&nts which were raised before
us were in any sense frivolous or vexatious, and we think the
matter in its entirety was quite properly brought before this
Board.
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DATED at Toronto, Ontario this 17th day of July, 1954.
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T. Traves Member
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E.R. O'Kelly tiember