HomeMy WebLinkAbout1983-0764.Lee.84-08-20: i
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mmRl0 CROWN EwuxEcs
GRIEVANCE
SETTLEMEEiT BOARD
Between:
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Before:
For the Griever :
For the Employer:
Hearings: March 7, April 2 and 23,-May.17, July 12, 1984
OPSEU (William Lee)
- and -
Griever
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Correctional Services)
Employer
J. W. Samuels Vice Chairman
L. Robinson Member
G. Griffin Member
P. A. Sheppard
Grievance Officer
Ontario Public Service Employees Union
C. G. Riggs, Counsel
Hicks Morley Hamilton Stewart Storie
Barristers & Solicitors
2.
On Sunday, October 30, 1983, the grievor, together with another cof-
rectional officer, was assigned to escort an inmate, Richard Thomas Wilson (also
known as Gagnon) from the Toronto Jail. to St. Michael's Hospital. Wilson escaped
during the visit. The grievor was d~ischarged. He was then a CO2 with five years'
experience, a year and a half of university education, apparent intelligence and a
perfect record. He says that there was no just cause for the termination.
Our hearing lasted five days, and we received considerable documentary
evidence. From all of this, the salient facts appear to be as follows:
1. The grievor was working from 7 AM to 3 PM on an overtime
'. shift on this Sunday. Around 10 AM, he was called to the
office of Mr. Smythe, the OM15 in charge of the Toronto
Jail on that shift, and was asked to escort an inmate to
St. Michael's Hospital. Mr. Smythe did not know who the
inmate was, but referred the grievor to the health unit for
further ,details. The grievor was given a TAP form (Temporary
Absence Conditions) which had on it only the name of the
sending institution ("Toronto Jail");~ the name of the
escorting officer ("Mr.; W. Lee"), the instructions "Cuffs
and Leg irons at all times", Mr. Smythe's signature as the
authorizing superintendent, and the date ("30/10/83").
2. The grievor went to the control office for the escort brief-
case containing various items necessary or useful to the
escort. Then he went on to the health care unit for the
emergency, referral slip prepared by the nurse. This' piece
of paper indicated that the inmate had injured his right
ankle and it was to be x-rayed. He asked where the inmate was
and was told he was back in his regular quarters, 4A south.
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3. The grievor went to 4A south and asked for Wilson. The i~nmate
was not eager to go, but was told by the officer in the range
that it was required. After some time, Wilson appeared. He
was hobbling and was given crutches by the officer in the area.
He was wearing a running shoe on his left foot, and was carrying
the other. While running shoes, are not jail issue, it is not
unusual for inmates to be~wearing them if prescribed by the
medical personnel.
4. The two went to the Admission and Discharge Area (A & D), where
the grievor put Wilson in a holding cell so that he could go
to speak again with Mr. Smythe. ,He told the OM15 that, at the
hospital, the leg irons would have to come off for the x-ray.
Mr. Smythe then gave the grievor a special pair of hand-cuffs
with a 30" lead. He told the grievor that instead of wearing
leg irons, the inmate would.be cuffed at all times to another
correctional officer, Mr. S. Church, who would.act as an
"anchor". The grievor had never met Church (a COl) before.
The grievor would apply the hand-cuffs to the two men, and-
would carry the key.
5. The supervisor then gave the grievor an AIS (Adult Information
System) card for the inmate. This document contains all the
personal information necessary for the escorting officer to
know the person he is accompanying, including the criminal
record and any special matters. From the picture in the corner,
it was obviously the wrong card. So the grievor went to the
records office for the correct card.
4.
6. The AIS card told the grievor that Wil.son had a number of offences
in his past--including, robbery, obstructing police, assaulting
a police officer, break and enter, and escape from custody. We
heard testimony that, at the Whitby Jail, before Wilson went to
the Toronto Jail, there was a period of time when this inmate
was transferred to and from court in police cruisers, and
accompanied by police with shotguns. At the time, there was
a hint that there was a plot to free Wilson and others. Other
documents introduced in evidence disclosed that, at other insti-
tutions in which Wilson had the good fortune to spend time,
special mention was made that this inmate was an escape risk.
For example, on the AIS card prepared on his admission to the
Whitby Jail, some months before he came to the Toronto Jail,
there appears in large print at the top "Escape Risk" and
"Nat. P/V" (which-means “national parole violator”). No such
special notation was on the AIS card given to the grievor for
his escort. But in the list of offences, it is shown clearly
that then inmate had escaped from custody, and the grievor had
seen this.
7. Before leaving the institution, the griever double-locked the
cuffs on the inmate and Mr. Church. Mr. Wilson's left wrist
was attached to Mr. Chtirch's right.
8. Wh;,le the Standing Orders are absoluteIy,c'lear that an inmate
is to be "frisk searched" before leaving the A & D area, the
grievor did not do any search, and he saw no one else do it.
We,heard from a correctional officer, assigned'for several years
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to this area, that the search is seldom carried out, but that it
is the responsibility of the escorting officer. There was some
dispute in the evidence concerning the meaning of a "frisk
search".~ Given that the grievor did no search here, it is
unnecessary for us to make a finding on what is required for such
a search. But it might be advisable for management to make clear
what it means inthe Standing Orders by the words "frisk search".
9. The inmate's clothes were neat, and he was not ordered to change.
The Standing Orders provide that"the escorting officer should
ensure that the inmate is dressed. in a clean set of institutional
clothing, in good condition." Management witnesses suggested
that "clean" meant "free from contraband". Union witnesses were
firm that they had never heard such an interpretation of the
word. "Clean" meant "free from soil, etc." In our view, if
"clean" was intended to mean "free from contraband", management
had to do more than it did to bring this home,to the employees.
We are satisfied that the word is not known widely in the insti-
tution to mean "free from contraband".
10. At the hospital, the party were directed to a waiting area.
On the way, the .inmate asked to use the washroom. There were no-
windows in the room, and only one door. Wilson was allowed to
enter alone. The door closed on to the chain which joined him
to Church. From all the evidence, including photographs of the
door and washroom, we are satisfied that neither -the grievor nor
Church was able to see all of Wilson's activities in the washroom.
The grievor testified that, while he could see~the inmate in the
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mirror while Wilson was standing, he lost sight of him when he
sat down, and this was for 50 seconds to a minute. When the
inmate came out, the cuffs seemed to be in order.
11. After the x-rays were taken, and the inmate remained c,uffed
to Church all the time, the party went into a waiting area while
the doctor read the x-rays. They moved to the smoking.area so
that Wilson could smoke. They occupied four chairs near the
archway out of the area--Wilson closest to the exit, then Church,
then Lee, then the escort briefcase. They remained there for
a while. After his cigarette, the inmate sat head down, his
hands between his legs. There.was a clang, and Wilson was off
through the exit, uncuffed.
12. There followed a chase fit for the~movies--Wilson, the two
correctional officers and a 70-year old hospital security man
who was in the hall. They headed up a stairwell. On his exit
1.;~. to the hall, Wilson knocked over two women on a guided tour of
the hospital, under the direction of Mr. Philip McRae. McRae
is a strapping 27 year:old, 6' l%", and weighing 210 pounds.
He runs 20 miles per week. He is used to ejecting troublesome
patients and others from the hospital, and obviously is not
adverse to~using his strength if necessary. A nurse came up to
him immediately to take care of the women and told &Rae to
help the elderly security officer. He did so with relish. Up
four flights of stairs, down a long hall, down four flights of ."'
stairs and out onto the street. The Ministry acknowledges it
was a good chase.
7.
13. The inmate was finally cornered on the east side of Victoria
Street, just south of Queen Street. Wilson had his back to a
building; Lee was some six feet away on the sidewalk; Church
was behind Lee, four or five feet further from Wilson; and McRae
was on the road. Wilson looked winded. He tried to persuade
the officers to let him go--now that they were out on the street,
they had no responsibility to hold him. He told McRae to "fuck
off". It is clear from the evidence, and in particular from
Mr. Lee's testimony, that the grievor gave no thought to recuffing
Wilson to Church. During the chase, Lee had radioed the insti-
tution, and he expected the po~lice to come along to retake
physical control of the inmate. Lee was satisfied that the inmate
would not run again. He was content to talk to the man and try
to walk him back to the hospital. He testified that he didn't
even know the cuffs were there on the street, but clearly he
never intended toreapply the cuffs if there was any chance that
Wilson would fight. He had no intention to get into a physical
confrontation with the inmate. Yet, while Wilson was 5' lo", and
weighed 165 pounds; Lee stands 6' tall, and weighs 200 pounds;
Church stands 5' 1l";and weighs 160-200 'pounds (the evidence
is unclear on this point, Inspector Dunbar suggested 160 pounds,
while the grievor.suggested the two officers were roughly the
same size. In photographs, ~the griever's suggestion appears
correct); and McRae was much bigger.
i4. The four men proceeded up Victoria Street, and crossed Queen.
A few feet further on, Wilson stopped to rub h>,s ankle. The
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two correctional officers.were on either side of the inmate.
McRae, tired of all the talk and no effort to replace the cuffs
on the inmate, and sensing that Wilson would bolt again, returned
to his work in the hospital.
15. After a short time, the,inmate was off again. This time down
into the subway where he hopped on to the end of a departing
train. The grievor and Church saw him last disappearing into
the tunnel.
Counsel for the Ministry urged the Board to uphold the discharge because
the grievor made a series of extremely serious errors; His primary responsibility
as a correctional officer is to maintain custody of an inmate, and he must follow
orders and use common sense to do so. In particular, he faulted the grievor for
five specific errors.
~Firstly, he argued that the grievor's failure to frisk search may
have led to-Wilson hiding a hand-cuff key. We don't really know how the inmate
slipped the cuff. We heard evidence that, on rare occasions, inmates on the ..
way to,and from court in a paddy wagon, unobserved in the back end, arrive with
a double-locked cuff which is no longer attached to a wrist. In his report
following his investigation into the escape, Inspector A.J. Dunbar found that
when police arrested,Wilson they found a cuff key in his shoe. .While it couldn't
be determined if Wilson used this key in the hospital, Mr. Dunbar reported that
a member of the Metro Toronto Police confirmed that Wilson was in possession of
the cuff key. In any event, in our view, this failure to search was clearly an
error, and could attract discipline. However, the evidence does indicate that
it is not common practice to do the frisk search;even though such a search is
required in the Standing Orders.
9.
" Secondly, he argued that the grievor erred in not ordering new clothes :
for Wilson. We do not agree with this submission. The Standing Orders are not
clear on this point, and there seemed to be no reason to do this.
Thirdly, he argued that the grievor erred in not having constant visual
contact with Wilson while the inmate used the washroom. We agree. Clearly this
was an error, and may well have led to the escape. Wilson may well have released
the cuff while sitting in the washroom, and he could have made it appear to be
locked when he left the room.
Fourthly, he argued'that the grievor erred in seating the party in the
waiting area with the inmate closest to the exit. We agree. Common sense tells
us that this was not a good idea.
Fifthly, the grievor erred in not replacing the cuffs on the inmate
'once he was cornered on the street.
In our view, the last point is the most serious. We are satisfied
from all the evidence that the grievor did not see it as his duty to restore
physical control over the inmate, if this involved a fight. He made this point
during the investigations, he made the point in testimony before us, and his
counsel urged it during argument. We simply cannot agree with the grievor here.
Counsel for the Ministry is.absolutely correct that the primary duty of the
..correctional officer is to keep an inmate in custody. If the inmate escapes,
the officer must do all that is reasonably within his power to~regain custody.
This doesn't have to be in a standing order. Common sense concerning the nature
and responsibilities inherent in the job dictates-it. While it might be useful
10.
to give officers training on how to subdue an inmate on the street, it hardly
seems necessary. The grievor did not do all that was reasonably within his
power to restore physical control over the inmate. When Wilson was first
cornered, it is clear that Lee, Church and McRae would have had little problem
in overpowering the inmate and reattaching the cuffs to him. Clearly the
grievor should have had the presence of mind to realize that Church was there
and still had the cuffs attached to his wrist.
Counsel for the Union urged us to cqnsider the errors committed by
the institution and Mr. Smythe in failing to make special note of the inmate as
an escape risk and to take special precautions in light of this risk. But none
of these errors, if there were some, excusesthe griever's conduct, particularly
in failing to keep Wilson in sight in the washroom, in seating the inmate closest
to the exit in the waiting room, and most importantly, in failing to retake
physical control over Wilson on the street. Counsel suggested that the police
were late in arriving because of institutional error, and that the police should
be expected to make the arrest. We disagree. The police may be summoned to
help,.but in the circumstances, nothing prevented the grievor, with the help of
the others, from reapplying the cuffs to Wilson.
As well, he argued that Lee's responsibility is diminished because
there were two correctional officers and it was not clear who was in charge or
who had particular responsibility for searching the inmate, etc. We do not
accept this argument. Firstly, the grievor was the senior officer. He was a
C02, Church a COl. Secondly, the grievor was assigned to the escort at first.
Church was assigned as an "anchor", when it was decided that Wilson shouldn't
wear leg irons. Thirdly, in any event, both officers had responsibility to
11.
see that custody was maintained and regained. The simple fact is that the
grievor did~not do what was reasonable to.assure custody.
In sum we have no hesitation in concluding that the grievor made serious
errors which resulted in the ultimate escape. During the inmate's subsequent
period outside of custody he represented a serious potential threat to the public
at large. The grievor's failure to regain and maintain custody of the inmate in
this case cannot be condoned and must be viewed most seriously.
The grievor's conductdemandsasignificant penalty to bring home to him
his responsibility and to make it clear to other correctional officers that their
.primary responsibility is to maintain custody over inmates, and to do what is both
reasonable and necessary to regain custody prcm@ly if an inmate escapes.
However, clearly discharge is too heavy a penalty, and we ordered the
griever's reinstatement shortly after the hearing concluded, pending our'award
and final disposition of the matter. The problem for Mr. DeGrandis, the Super-
intendent of the Toronto Jail, is that section 22(2) of the Public Service Act
authorizes him to impose up to a 20-day suspension. Beyond that, he must impose .~
discharge. We are not fettered in this way. Our authority under section 19(3)
~of the Crown Employees Collective Bargaining Act is to impose any penalty we
decide is reasonable in the circumstances.
We shave considered the following matters:
a. The grievor had a perfect record for five years.
b. He was open and entirely forthright with his superiors during
the investigation and with'us at the hearing.
12. I
C. There is no reasontodoubt that he can be a good correctional
officer and that, if the point is made clearly enough, he will
fulfil his obligations, particularly his primary responsibility
to maintain custody over inmates, and to do what is reasonably
within his power to~regain custody if an inma~te escapes.
d. There have been a number of escapes from the Toronto Jail, and
for some, correctional officers have been disciplined. We didn't
hear much detail about most of these incidents. The maximum %
penalty was a 20-day suspension until Lusis. In Lusis, 579/82, - -
this Board ordered the reinstatement of a correctional officer
who was discharged for permitting the escape of an inmate from
St. Michael's Hospital, and substituted a three-month suspension
without pay. The.grievor's conduct was as serious as that in
Lusis.
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Bearing these considerations in mind, we order that the discharge be
vacated, and in its place there be substituted a three-month suspension without
Pay. And we will remain seized to determine the amount of compensation due to the
grievor, in the event that the parties are unable to-agree upon this themselves.
,.
13.
Done at London, Ontario, this 20th day of September , 1984.
L. Robinson, Member
G. K. Griffin, Manber
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Report by A.J. Dunbar
Grievance Form
Hand-cuff and key
Photograph of door
Diagram prepared by McRae
EXHIBITS
Photograph in colour of Queen and Victoria
Idem, in black and white
A.I.S. Card
Medical records
Warrant of Committal Upon-Conviction
9901 Form re Transfer
A.I.S. at Whitby Jail
Idem
Memorandum of April 27, 1982, etc.
Letter of April 8, 1982
Memorandum-, Ju.iy 16, 1982 ~ . . .
.Glossary of Correctional Terms
Plan of Admission and Discharge Area
Photograph pf waiting ioom .
Photograph of Queen and Victoria
Discharge letter
-- Letter of March 19, 1984