HomeMy WebLinkAbout1984-0361.Kelly.84-10-15361/84
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Between:
Before:
For the Grievor:
For the Employer:
Hearings:
Amalgamated Transit Union
(Michael Kelly)
Grievor
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The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Toronto Area Transit Operating Authority)
Employer
R. L. Verity, Q.C. Vice Chairman
K. O'Neil Member
W. A. Lobraico Member
G. J.'Charney, Q.C.
Sack, Charney, Goldblatt & Mitchell
Barristers & Solicitors
Mr. W. J. Hanson
Counsel
Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt
Barristers & Solicitors
September 7 & 11, 1984 '
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DECISION
This is a discharge grievance in which Michael Kelly
alleges that his employment with GO Transit was improperly
terminated on March 14, 1984. The relief sought is reinstatement
with compensation for lost wages, with no loss of benefits.
The Grievor is presently 25 years of age. He was
first employed by the Authority on December 3, 1979 as a ticket
collector at Toronto Union Station. Subsequently, he acquired
in excess of four years seniority in that position. The Grievor
was discharged on March 14, 1984 for repeated incidents of lateness
in reporting for work. In the letter of discharge, it was noted
that between February 27 and March 6, 1984, the Grievor arrived
late for work on six separate occasions. A review of the Grievor's
work record revealed numerous similar incidents and on the basis of
that record his employment.was terminated.
Few facts were in dispute between the Parties. Evidence
of the Grievor's lateness in reporting for work during the final
two week period was as follows:
February 27, 1984
'February 28, 1984
March 1, 1984
March 2, 1984
March 5, 1984
March 6, 1984
3 minutes
14 minutes
lminute
1 minute
1minute
2minutes
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The Grievor is a permanent part-time ticket collector
who works a 31 hour split shift Monday to Friday during periods
of peak commuter usage. Evidence was presented that approximately
50,000 people utilize the GO Transit system on a daily basis at
Union Station, with 80% of commuters embarking and disembarking
from GO Trains during peak traffic periods in both the morning
and afternoon.
The GO Concourse is located at Toronto Union Station and
contains some 14 ticket booths. In addition, there are six additional
ticket booths located in the Great Hall at Union Station. The ticket
collector's job is to collect tickets from commuters and to provide
basic information regarding GO Transit, the T.T.C. System and
Intercity Train Connections. The Grievor is required to punch in
and to be on duty at 7:00 a.m. when he works the morning shift, in
order to open a ticket booth, perform elementary start-up procedures,
and be in position for the arrival of the first train at 7:OS - 7:09
a.m. Failure to be at work at the appointed time creates inconvenience
to superviso,rs and other employees and may cause inconvenience to the
general public. Where an employee fails to report for work on time,
Management is required either to obtain the services of other staff
to operate the booths or, alternatively, to close down the ticket
booth. Employees are given no advance notice until they,arrive for
their shift as to whether they will be assigned to a ticket booth in
the GO Concourse or in the Great Ha ,ll.
.- x
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The Grievor's work record leaves much to be desired.
On January 22, 1980, the Grievor received a written warning from
the Employer that he had been late for work on eight separate
occasions in less than two months. These episodes of lateness
varied in duration from three minutes to twenty-five minutes.
In July, 1981, he received a second written reprimand which was
described as a "second and final warning." That letter went on
to state:
"Should your tardiness continue, wa will have no
alternative but to terminate your employment."
In a letter to the Grievor dated June 7, 1982, GO Transit
Superintendent R. J. Strevez suspended the Grievor for habitual
lateness and absenteeism and further advised that he had recommended
that the Grievor's services be terminated. Management did not accept
the Superintendent's recommendation, but did suspend the Grievor on
that occasion for ten working days.
In 1983, the Grievor was late for work on 18 occasions
(200 hours of lateness), varying in duration from 2 minutes to 36
minutes. In spite of that record, there were no incidents of
lateness attributable to the Grievor between January 13 and July
15, 1983. In that year, the Grievor achieved the dubious distinction
of having accumulated the highest record of lateness of any indi-
vidual employee classified as a U.C. - 1 Ticket Collector.
.
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In September of 1983, the Grievor received a one day
suspension for failing to produce a valid medical certificate
for absenteeism on September'9, 1983. On December 20, 1983,
the Grievor attended a meeting with GO Transit Staff Relations
Officer H. V. Flood and Superintendent Strevez concerning
unsatisfactory attendance. Subsequently, on December 23, 1983,
Mr. Strevez wrote to the Grievor in reference to that meeting.
That letter read in part as follows:
11
. ..Fimm 1 January, 1983 to date, you have booked
sick on nine occasions and arrived for work late
on eighteen days.
. ..EIu-irq thatmaeting, Mr. Flood spoke at length
of the @xztance of arriving for work on tine.
When presented with your record of tardiness, you
advised that you ware not ccnpletely aware of the
total number of days yau had missed work. You
agreed that it appeared serious, and muld neke an
effort to *rove.
It was further suggested during that neeting, that
unless you inprove your record of attendance, an
altemativewouldbe to simply r-e you fromyour
morning shifts, and allaw you to mrk afternoons only.
'Ihis~ldreduceyour~rk schedule tc sixteenhcmrs
per week.
It was decided that your attendance will be closely
monitored &ring the next several weeks, at which
time I will advise Mr. Flood of your perfomence. A
continued effort to improve your attendance is wcted
during 1984."
Lateness continued to be a problem for the Grievor in
1984. The record for that year excluding the two week pay period
referred to above, is as follows:
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January 2, 1984
January 16, 1984
January 18, 1984
January 24, 1984
February 6, 1984
February 15, 1984
February 21, 1984
120 minutes
6 minutes
10 minutes
6mirutes 6 minutes
13 minutes
3minutes
In his testimony, the Grievor made no attempt to explain
his punctuality problems except in terms of generalities. Essentially,
the Grievor attributed his difficulties to T.T.C. bus scheduling, over-
sleeping and missing buses. He attributed the reoccurrence'of lateness
problems in July of 1983 to the fact that he had "slackened off"
following a six month period of exemplary behav~iour.
The Union alleged that the January 2 lateness should have
been recorded as absence from work. The Grievor's explanation for his
14 minutes lateness for the afternoon shift on February 28, 1984 was
credible in the sense that his difficulties were directly attributable
to a snow storm.
Mr. Strevez testified that the Grievor was "an average
employee" when on duty; however, his attendance record was so poor
that discharge was the only appropriate resolution. The Superintendent
testified that on numerous occasions, he had discussed the incidents
of lateness with the Grievor and was aware of the fact that Supervisors
had taken similar steps, all to no avail. It was the evidence of Mr.
Strevez that no explanations were offered by the Grievor for incidents
of lateness. In summary, Mr. Strevez felt that the Grievor had made
no attempt to correct his problem in spite of repeated warnings and
counselling sessions.
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Counsel for the Employer attempted to justify termination
in the doctrine of culminating incident. The culminating incident
was alleged to have occurred in alternate submissions - either the
incidents of lateness following the December 20 meeting or alternatively
the six incidents of lateness during the two week pay period between
February 25 and March 9, 1984. It was argued that modification of
penalty was inappropriate in view of the fact that the Grievor had
received warnings, suspensions and counselling and there had been no
meaningful response to these corrective measures.
Initially, Counsel for the Union argued that there was no
culminating incident and accordingly, there was no entitlement to
rely upon the employment record to justify termination. The Union
Counsel acknowledged that the Grievor had a severe problem with
lateness. However, the thrust of the Union's position was that the
Grievor had received "mixed messages" from the Employer regarding
penalty was disciplinary action, and accordingly, modification of
appropriate.
The doctrine of culminating incident is, of course, well
established in arbitral precedent. This is the doctr ,ine "that an
incident of misconduct not in itself sufficient to ground a discharge,
but sufficient to ground some significant disciplinary action, will
permit an arbitration board to take into account the employee's entire
record, including the culminating incident itself, in deciding whether
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just cause exists for discharge." Re Weston Bakeries Ltd. and Milk
and Bread Drivers, Dairy Employees, Caterers and Allied Employees,
Local 647 (1973), 5 L.A.C. (2d) 38 at p. 38 (Adell).
In Re Air Canada land International Association of Machinists, -
Lodge 148 (1973), 5 L.A.C. (2d) 7, Arbitrator Andrews states at page 10:
"The cases indicate that even conduct warranting no more
discipline than an oral reprinund,may constitute a
culminating incident which, together with a previous
lxor record, will justify a discharge - See Re U.A.W.
Local 1235 and'Canadian Allis-Chalners Ltd. (1953), 4
L.A.C. 1573 (McConbs); See also Re U.S.W. and Canadian
Liquid Air Ltd. (1972), 23 L.A.C. 395 (Brown)."
On the evidence, the Board would characterize the six
incidents of lateness during the two week pay period ending March
9, 1984 as a culminating incident, which justifies both the imposition
of a meaningful disciplinary response and a review of the Grievor's
entire work record.
Clearly, this Grievor has accumulated a work record that
is most unsatisfactory in terms of frequency of lateness. The
frequency of the Grievor's lateness during both morning and afternoon
shifts is disturbing. Oral and written warnings,as well as counselling,
have failed to correct the problem. In our view, the Grievor is capable
of rectifying the problem as he demonstrated during a six month period
of prompt attendance from January to July of 1983. It may very well
be that immaturity on the part of the Grievor accounts for this
continuing problem.
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There can be no doubt that an employer has the right
to expect that an employee will be punctual in reporting for work.
GO Transit is a mass transit system that cannot function efficiently
if employee lateness is tolerated. The employer has good reason to
require employees to be in place and ready for work for any given
shift. Failure to report for work on time causes inconvenience to
supervisors, other employees and to the general public.
However, in the instant grievance, the evidence indicates
that the Grievor has received confusing signals from the Employer.
Stronger action might have been anticipated by the Employer against
the Grievor as early as January 22, 1980, when the Grievor had then
acquired some 8 latenesses in less than a two month period. The
first "final warning" to the Grievor occurred as early as July of
1981, and yet the problems were allowed to continue unabated in both
1982 and 1983.
Perhaps the clearest example of mixed signals to this
Grievor occurred as a result of the December 20~ meeting. The
December 23, 1983 letter from the Employer contains the threat of
removal of the morning shift and a reduction of the permanent
part-time employment from 31 hours to 16 hours per week. The Grievor's
1984 performance was again unsatisfactory, and it would have been
reasonable to anticipate that management would have carried out its
threat.
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In the circumstances, we find that the penalty of
discharge was excessive and that a lengthy suspension would be
the more appropriate penalty. Accordingly, the Board advised the
Parties by telegram that the Grievor would be reinstated effective
Monday, September 17, 1984 with the commencement of scheduling to
be mutually agreed upon. That reinstatement was without compensation
but with no loss of seniority.
In reinstating the Grievor, the Board is influenced to
an extent by the results of several performance reviews, the most
recent being on February 7, 1983 where the Grievor's performance
was rated as "fully satisfactory." In addition, this Grievor
received a letter of commendation from Superintendent Strevez on
January 28, 1983 for his "truly amazing" apprehension of a commuter
attempting to exit while using a monthly student pass in a fraudulent
manner. Reference was made in that letter to the fact that the January
27 apprehension was the Grievor's eighth or tenth apprehension.
No useful purpose can be served by ordering any further
counselling for this Grievor. The Grievor shall be reinstated for
a probationary term of one year, during which time he shall be
assessed quarterly with regard to lateness and attendance. The
Grievor shall be advised in writing quarterly following each
assessment. In addition, the Grievor shall be required to produce
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a medical certificate from a duly qualified physician for any
and all absences from work.
On the evidence, 'we are satisfied that the Grievor now
recognizes his difficulty with punctuality and attendance, and is
prepared to take the necessary corrective action. He alone can
correct the problem. The location of the Grievor's present
residence is sufficiently close to the job location, that inadequate
bus scheduling should no longer be a problem. Any subsequent change
of address :on the part of the Grievor should be such that reporting
to work on time does not create a problem.
The Board is of the view that punctuality problems are,
in the main, attitudinal problems, Failure on the part of the Grievor
to rectify this problem will make continued employment tenuous if not /
impossible.
DATED at Brantford, Ontario, this 15th day of October,
A.D., 1984.
R. L. Verity, Q.C. - Vice-Chairman
K. O'Neil - Member I
W. Lobraico - Member