HomeMy WebLinkAbout1984-0710.Rivard.85-08-23..,,
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IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Utider
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTNE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
Between: Amalgamated Transit Union (Denise Rivard)
and
Crievor
The Crown in Right.of Ontario
(Toronto Area Transit Operating Authority)
Before:
For the Grievor:
For the Employer:
Hear-
Employer
R. J. Delisle Vice-Chairman
H. Simon Member
L. R. Turtle Member
Mr. L. Richmond
Coun5el
Messers. Sack, Charney, Coldblatt & Mitchell
Bar&ten & Solicitors
Mr. 3. Hassell
Counsel
Mews. Osler, Hoskin & Harcourt
Barristers & Solicitors
March 18, 1985 and June 19, 1985
DECISION
The grievor is a part-time ticket collector who
has been working for GO Transit, at Union Station in
Toronto, for the past three years. For the past two years,
and at the time of the grievance, her regular schedule
required 28 hours per week. On Monday, Tuesday and
Wednesday she worked four hours per day: 7:00 a.m. to
9:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. On Thursday and Friday
she worked eight hours per day: 7:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. The
work force at Union Station consisted of 22 full-time
employees, 26 part-time employees, and 18 casuals.
On Tuesday, June 19, 1984, the grievor was asked
if she'd like to work past her regulat time of 9:00 a.m. to
fill in for a sick employee. She agreed and that day worked
from 7:00 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. On Wednesday, June 20, 1984,
she worked from 6:30 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. to again fill in for
a sick employee; this was pursuant to a request of her
supervisor made the day before; On Saturday, .June 23, 1984,
the grievor worked from 4:00 p.m. to 12:45 a.m. of the
following day; a supervisor had asked her earlier in the
week if she would like to work.on Saturday.
For none of
these hours worked, which were outside the hours oft work
regularly scheduled, was the grievor paid at an overtime
rate and it is of this,that she complains. The grievor
notes that sometimes when she works extra hours she receives
the overtime rate and sometimes not.
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The position of management appears to have two
bases. The superintendent at Union Station, Kay Strevex,
and the griever's immediate supervisor, Brent McKee, made a
distinction in their testimony between forced overtime and
voluntary overtime. If trains were running late, or
passengers needed emergency assistance, or a train needed to
be searched, a part-time employee would be compelled to
remain on the job. In those instances of forced overtime
the overtime rate would be paid. If, on the other hand, a
part-time employee was asked if she would like to work
overtime and she agreed,then such overtime was viewed as
voluntary and the employee would be paid straight-time. If
the employee said no to the offer of extra hours,management ,Q'
would then move on to another employee. 'This, basis for
management's position is reflected in McKee's response to
the grievance, dated July 24, 1984 (Exhibit.2): I... The
hours you have grieved were not forced upon you." The
second basis for management's position is seen in a
memorandum of Strevez, dated January 27, 1984 (Exhibit 6)
and in the response to the grievance of A.M. Robinson,
Director Finance and Administration, dated August 24, 1984
(Exhibit 3). In those documents, and at the hearing,
management took the position that a part-time employee was
not entitled to an overtime rate for hours worked in excess
of those regularly scheduled unless the hours exceeded
either 40 hours in a week or more than eight hours in any
day. It is common ground that Saturday is the first day of
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a work week. Management concluded that the grievor had not
worked in excess of 40 hours in a week by working the
Saturday and so was not entitled to an overtime rate for the
eight hours worked that day. They did note, however, that
she had worked 8 3/4 hours that day and so was entitled to
payment at overtime rates for three quarters of an hour.
It is observed that management's position is
inherently contradictory. It insists that a part-time
employee is not entitled to overtime rates unless it exceeds
40 hours per week or 8 hours per day but admits to a
practice of paying the overtime rate when the part-timer is
forced. to work overtime though the hours worked are not in
excess of the limits defined. A survey of all part-time
ticket collectors from January, 1983 to June, 1984 shows
that 4,091 extra hours worked were paid at straight-time and
515 l/4 hours worked were paid at overtime rates. In the
grievor's own case,during that period 194 extra hours were
worked at straight-time and 11 l/2 hours were worked at the
overtime rate.
The provisions of the Collective Agreement around
which argument flowed provide:
Article 19 - Shift Schedules
19.1 Shift schedules shall be posted not less
than fifteen (15) days in advance and there shall be no change in the schedule unless notice is given to the employee. If the employee concerned is not notified seventy-two (72) hours in advance Of the change in the shift schedule, he shall be paid time and one-half for the first 8 hours worked on the changed shift provided that no premium shall be paid where the change of
schedule is caused by events beyond the control of the Employer.
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19.2 Every reasonable effort shall be made to
avoid scheduling the commencement of a shift within twelve (12) hours of the completion of the employee's previous scheduled shift. If an employee is scheduled to work before twelve (12) hours have elapsed from his previously scheduled. shift, he shall be paid time and one-half for,
those hours that fall within the twelve (12) hour period. It is understood that this provision only applies to those employees who work a full
(40 hour) regular work week with normally scheduled shifts and shall not apply to employees normally on split shifts.
19.3 A shift may be rescheduled without Pay premium or penalty if agreed upon between the
employee and the Employer.
Article 21 - Overtime
21.1 The overtime rate for purposes of this agreement shall be one and one-half times the
employee's basic hourly rate of pay.
In this article, .overtime" means an
authorized period of work calculated to the nearest quarter hour and performed on a scheduled working day in addition to the regularly
scheduled working period, or performed on a scheduled day off.
Overtime.shall be paid within two (2) months of the pay period within which the overtime was actually worked.
Article 22 -'Hours of Work
22.1' The normal hours of work for all regular
full-time employees shall consist of 40 hours per week and eight hours per day. The normal hours of work are stated solely for the purpose of calculating overtime, and shall not be construed as a guarantee of any minimum number of hours to
be worked. Overtime rates shall be calculated on
the employee's base hourly rate excluding all bonus and premiums. Overtime shall be voluntary
provided that if the Employer cannot fulfil its overtime requirements through volunteers, it may require employees to work overtime. In making such compulsory overtime assignment, the most junior employee in the classification affected shall be assigned the overtime, unless there are
sufficient grounds for excusing such employee.
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The Collective Agreement (Article 2) covers all
employees, full and part-time. Some provisions or clauses
in the agreement have express mention of applicability only
t0 regular full-time employees; e.g. see Art. 22.1, Art.
19.2, Art. 36.1, 'Art. 38.2, and the preamble to Schedule 8.
Where provisions do not apply to.part-timers, the parties to
the agreement have chosen to be explicit. It seems fair to
assume then that'if regular part-timers are not expressly
excluded,the provisions of the agreement are applicable to
Part-timers. By this reasoning Article 21 is applicable to
part-timers.
Article 21 defines overtime in the clearest of
language. We were referred to a number of arbitral
decisions for the proposition that in the absence of
language to the contrary,,one should consider overtime to be
hours falling outside the regularly scheduled hours of
work. Such jurisprudence is unnecessary to our case since
the Article is so clear. Overtime is "work performed on a
scheduled working day in addition to the regularly scheduled
working period, or performed on a scheduled day off". It is
obvious that the extra hours worked by the grievor on June
19, June 20, and June 23, 1984 are overtime within the
definition adopted by the parties. By Article 21 those
hours deserve to be paid at the overtime rate of one and
one-half times the employee's basic hourly rate of pay.
There is absolutely nothing in the collective agreement to
suggest that her entitlement is limited,to instances when
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the overtime is forced on her. The employer may have
adopted a policy inconsistent with the terms of the
agreement but there was nothing before us to suggest that
the other party to this agreement has'acquiesced in the
same.
Management advanced the thought that it would be
ironic to permit a part-time employee to qualify for an
overtime rate after working only 28 hours in a week while a
full-time employee needed to work 40 hours to qualify.
There is nothing ironic when one observes the other benefits
provided by the agreement to full-timers and denied to
par.t-timers. In addition the part-timer has been employed
to fulfill a limited number of hours but on a regular basis:
the disruption of that regularity qualifies for the overtime
rate.
Management argues that Article 22 is the main
overtime clause and that the "regularly scheduled working
period" in Article 21.1 means 40 hours per week and 8 hours
per day. To argue in this-way is to stand the provisions On
their heads. Article 21.1, headed overtime, is clearly the
controlling section applicable to all employees, full and
part-time. Article 22 sets out "The normal. hours of work
for all regular full-time employees . ..". The article then
goeson to set out * it is so stated and how the rates
shall be calculated.
To justify its position that a distinction can be
made between forced overtime and voluntary overtime,
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management relies on Article 19. The theory is that Article
19.1 imposes a penalty of overtime rates if an employee is
not given sufficient notice of a rescheduling and that
Article 19.3 provides that there will be no penalty if the
work is scheduled pursuant to an agreement between the
employee and the employer. Article 19 has no relevance to
the situation before us. Article 19 deals with rescheduling -
of shifts and not with the scheduling of.extra bours. When
a train is half-an-hour late and the part-time employee is
forced to remain at her post, it would be torturing the
provisions of the agreement to say that her shift was
rescheduled without sufficient notice!
Management seeks to rely on the doctrine of
estoppel. Management argues that the grievor accepted extra
hours in the past at'the straight-time rate and therefore -
cannot now complain. By this argument if an employee
doesn't grieve at the first opportunity she iS forever
estopped. Surely for an estoppel argument to succeed the
party relying on the same must demonstrate some detriment
that flowed from the reliance. What detriment did
management suffer? They apparently gained many extra hours
worked at straight-time rather than 'the overtime rate called
for by the agreement. Finally the parties to the agreement
are the employer and the union and even if we could find,
which we don't, that the grievor agreed to be paid
straight-time this could not constitute a waiver of the
union's rights under the agreement.
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We therefore allow the grievance and declare that
the.grievor is entitled to be paid the difference between
straight-time and overtime rates for the extra hours worked
on June 19, 20 and 23,.1984. We will remain sieved pending
the resolution of the matter.
Dated at Kingston this 23rd day of August, J985
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lisle, Vice-Chairman
Re; 710184 OPSEU(Denis Rivard)
ADDENDUM.
I concur with the findings of the board in the
instant case but I would would have added the following:
“It is clear from past practice that there was.
a degree of mutuality and benefit to both parties and existing
part time employees in having certain practical arrangements
forapplying the contract provisions as they relate to the
additional work’carried out by part time.employees. However
the evidence showed these arrangements or procedures were
neither consistant nor formalised,between the parties.
The parties to a collective agreement are free at any time to
agree on procedural arrangements within the contract that are
acceptable to hoth parties and are in the interests of existing
employees provided they are regulhrized,recorded and signed off.”
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L.R.Turtle.
Aug.6.1985,