HomeMy WebLinkAbout1984-1273.Lacourse.87-05-05IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
UNDER
THE CROWN EKPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
BEFORE
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEKIWI BOARD
Griever
Employer
BETWEEN:
OPSEU (P. Lacourse)
-and-
THE CROWN IN RIGHT OF ONTARIO
~(Ministry of Correctional Services)
.I. Gandz Vice-Chairman
G. Nabi Member
G. J. Milky Member
A. Ryder, Q.C.
COUllSel
Gowling & Henderson
J. Hannah
Senior Staff Relations Officer
Wnistry of Correctional Services
April 16, 1987.
FOR THE GRIEVOR:
FOR THE EKPLOYER:
HEARING:
.
!
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DECISION
On July 6, ,1984, Mr. Paul Lacourse, a Correctional Officer
(2) at the Hamilton Wentworth Detention Centre, filed a grievance
which stated that:
"I grieve that I was denied compassionate leave on
May 18, 19, 1984. I was also denied sick leave
although I was unable to attend to my duties for said
dates."
'The settlement desired states:
"that I be granted compassionate leave. Failing this,
I be granted sick leave and that my annual holidays
used for this period be returned."
On May 14, 1984, while working a day shift, the grievor was
telephoned by his mother at 2:30 p.m. to advise him that his
grandmother.had passed away that afternoon. He immediately
. .
sought and obtained permission to go home, pick up his mother,
and travel to Mount Hope where his grandmother had been resident.
The grievor subsequently remained off work for Tuesday, May 15,
which was counted as a day of bereavement leave, and Wednesday
and Thursday, May 16 and 17, which were scheduled regular days
off for him.
On Friday, May 18, Mr. Lacourse was scheduled to start an
afternoon shift at 2:45 p.m. He was, however, extremely upset -
as was his mother. Mr. Lacourse testified that he was extremely
close to his grandmother who, following the separation of his own
parents, had moved in with he and his mother, and had in many
ways acted as a substitute mother while hi,s own mother was out at
work.
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Mr. Lacourse testified that he phoned in to the detention
centre around lunch time and asked to speak to his super-
intendent, Mr. Phillipson. Mr. Phillipson was not in, and he
spoke instead to Bob Cole, the deputysuperintendent at the time.
He explained the situation, stated that he was upset and didn't
feel that he could come in to work. Mr. Cole told him that he
could take Friday and Saturday off; and said "we'll worry about
it when you come back".
This action was characterized by-the grievor as being
reasonable for the Employer. to take. In effect, the Employer did
not discuss with the grievor how these two.days, the Friday and
Saturday, would be accounted for since the griever was in a state
of grief and upset. Instead, the Employer gave permission for
th.e,two days to be taken, and postponed the decision about how to
account for them.
The grievor took the two days off work and returned Sunday,
May 20,~for a scheduled afternoon shift. On the Monday he spoke
to Mr. Phillipson, explained the situation to him, and asked ~-
whether the days could be counted as compassionate leave.
According to the grievor's testimony Mr. Phillipson said that he
foresaw no problem with this and as far as he was concerned the
grievor could have the two days compassionate leave. Later that
week, Mr. Lacourse testified that he was advised by Mr. Bevan;
the Local 248 President, that his absence on those days had~been
recorded as "holidays". The grievor went to the Personnel clerk
on Tuesday or Wednesday, who then said that she couldn't change
that until she had heard from Mr. Phillipson. He then went to
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see Phillipson subsequently, and Phillipson told him that those
two days would be counted as either statutory holidays, or two
days without pay, or two days of vacation because he did not want
to "set a precedent". Following this conversation, the grievor
wentto see Mr. Phillipson a third time to state he was
disappointed. He told Phillipson that he'was unfit to work on
those days and asked if he could use his sick leave benefits.
This was apparently the first time that sick leave was raised by
Mr. Lacourse. Mr. Phillipson denied this~ request on the basis
that, despite the fact that he was upset, the grievor was not
actually sick at that time.
Mr. Phillipson's account of this episode is substantially
different. He states that May 22 was the first day that Lacourse
spoke to him about th.is, incident. Mr. Phillipson characterized
this May 22 meeting~as amicable and, during this discussion, the
grievor had in fact asked if Phillipson would consider the Friday
and Saturday days off as either sick leave or compassionate
leave. Phillipson said that he discussed the background with the
grievor and that he would ge'cback to him at a later date with
his decision. Apparently, according to Phillipson, during the
conversation the grievor stated that the lady who passed away
wasn't really his grandmother but had acted as one when his
mother was at work. Furthermore, the grievor had suggested that
there was an entitlement for three working days of bereavement
leave; as opposed to three calendar days. When asked what his
objections were to using his vacation credits or statutory
holiday credits to cover the time he had taken off work, the
i
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grievor said that he ,wanted to save the time off for a planned
trip to Montreal. Phillipson testified that he did not agree
that the grievor could have compassionate leaver; but only that he
would consider it.
Phillipson testified that he subsequently met with Lacourse
on June 6, having first reviewed the operational guidelines
issued by the Ministry of Correctional Services to cover the use
of compassionate leave. These operational guidelines are
attached to this award as Exhibit 1. We note, however, that the
operational guidelines explicitly state:
"normally however the provisions of Article 54 (Special
and Compassionate Leave) are not applied in the
following circumstances:
- religious holidays
* weather conditions
: extension of bereavement leave /
* etc."
Furthermore, Phillipson testified that he had considered the
facts of the situation carefully and, in particular, the
statement within the Special and Compassionate Leave Provisions
Policy that "in family matters the nature of the relationship and
the urgency of the call'on the employee's services by family
He also obligations" could be a ground for compassionate leave.
considered the institution practice and that, while
superintendent, he had never granted this type of leave in the
past to extend bereavement. Furthermore, he discussed'the
grievor's situation with Mr. Wallen, the Regional Personnel
Administrator. Mr. Phillipson testified that, based on his
careful consideration of the circumstances and the needs of the
i.
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institution and the policy, he felt that Mr. Lacourse was in fact
asking for an extension of his bereavement leave, and that it was
inappropriate to use Special and Compassionate Leave provisions
in order to do this.
On June 6, he met with Lacourse and gave him the decision.
Mr. Lacourse apparently thanked him and stated that he would get
back to Phillipson to see if her would grieve. Lacourse also
stated that he would in fact~use two vacation credits to cover
the absence. Phillipson ~testified that there was no further
discussion and no grievances was filed.
What then occurred amounts to a rather strange series of
events. Having completed~his grievance form, Mr. Bevan took the
form to a Mr. Pohlman. Mr. Pohlman, a bargaining unit member,
was an acting lieutenant and.was acting in fact as the grievor's
immediate supervisor at that time. According to Mr. Bevan's
testimony, he took this grievance to Pohlman with reservations
because Pohlman,was a bargaining unit member. According to
Bevan's testimony he spoke first to Phillipson about this, and
Phillipson told Bevan to give the grievance to the shift
supervisor. Bevan said that he argued about this with
Phillipson, but that he was instructed~,to give the grievance to
Pohlman.
*This testimony of Bevan completely contradicts the testimony
of Phillipson. Phillipson stated that he never really knew that
a grievance was being filed. He agreed that there was a rumor
that a grievance was being filed, but that a grievance had never
in fact been received by him. Indeed, Mr. Phillipson, testified
thathe had never seen the grievance until the day of this
arbitration hearing. Furthermore, Phillipson testified that he
could never recall discussing Mr. Pohlman's role with Mr. Bevan,
but that he would in any case expect the acting supervisor to
fulfill the role of the supervisor.
Mr. Phillipson also testified that Mr. Pohlman did'not
discuss any grievance with him, nor was there any discussion
between him and Pohlman as to whether the days in question should
be considered compassionate leave.
Over the objection of counsel for the Ministry, a memo was
entered into evidence dated July 12, 1984. This was, apparently,
written by Mr. Pohlman 'to Mr. Lacourse. In this Mr. Pohlman
states that:
"compassionate 'leave is only provided if ~anemployee
does'not have other credits available,- i.e. vacation,
lieu days, etc. which would possibly create a financial
burden. When there are other credits available they
may be employed in order to honor your request in
recognition of your grievous, state.
As for your requesting these days be credited to sick
leave, this could not be honored since your request
does not fall under the conditions of sick leave."
We note that this letter from Mr. Pohlman to Mr. Lacourse is
not on any official letterhead nor are the initials of the typist
known to Mr. Phillipson. However, we also note that the Ministry
is prepared to acknowledge that this does constitute an official
response given at the time to the grievance filed'by Mr.
Lacourse. Mr. Phillipson testified that he had never seen either .L,
the grievance or this letter by Mr. Pohlman until then hearing.
Furthermore, Phillipson testified that the paragraph in Mr.
Pohlman's letter quoted above was not the official position of _
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the institution and was not the basis on which his decision was
made. In other words, the letter written by Lacourse was, in
Phillipson's view, unauthorized and an inaccurate representation
of Phillipson's position on the matter.
Mr. Bevan further testified that at the sta&two grievance
meeting he presented this letter from Mr. Polhman to Mr.
Lacourse, but that it was not discussed. In any case, Mr.
Phillipson was not at the second stage grievance meeting.
The Union argued that even if Mr. Polhman's statement of the
reason for denying compassionate leave is inaccurate, the
.;;- Employer is still stuck.with it since it represented a response
to a grievance by a person who was acting as a supervisor. The
union argued the general case that the Employer is stuck with the
response of its supervisors; and that management cannot now say
that the reasons given in this response were wrong and substitute
new reasons. The Union argued that Pohlman was authorized to
speak for management and that the grievance procedure requires
reliance on the stage one reply. Furthermore, the Union points
out that if there was an error in the stage one reply, it should
surely have been corrected at stage two of the grievances
procedure.
The Union argued that if management is entitled to repudiate
this position it is only if there is some fraud involved, and
that in the absence of fraud a very heavy onus rests on
management to show why they should do so. The Union also stated
that Phillipson must have been aware that, a grievance was filed,
despite the testimony of Mr. Phillipson to the contrary. The
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Union argued that the reasons g,$ven by Polhman in the letter to
Lacourse actually represented the basis of Phillipson's decision,
despite the fact that such a decision rule is expressly forbidden
by Article 55.2 of the collective agreement which states
"the granting of leave under this article shall not be
dependent upon or charged against accumulated credits."
The Employer argued that the response from,Polhman to the
grievance is in fact irrelevant and that little weight should be
afforded to it. They note that it was Phillipson who made the
decision-and that the decision was clearly made by Phillipson
follo$ing face-tolface discussion on two occasions with the
grievor, and that it was management exercising its discretion
bearing in mind the full circumstances of the case.
Furthermore, the Employer argued that it is clear that
Article 55.1 of the collective agreement states that "a deputy
minister or his designee may grant an employee a leave of
absence..." and that the "may" clearly implies discretion being
exercised. The Employer argued that it is not up to this Board
to interfere with the basis of thins decision, but only to
ascertain that it was made in a good faith manner bearing in mind
the particular circumstances of the case.
Furthermore, the Employer noted that there was never any
evidence that Phillipson actually used the decision rule
articulated by Pohlman in his letter to Lacourse.
The estoppel argument was, according to the Employer,
basically a red herring. There was no detrimental reliance by
the Union on Poh1man.s reply and, furthermore, the Union was
fully aware of the policy with respect to extension of
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bereavement leave through the use of compassionate leave because
of previous cases.
There is no doubt in our minds that Mr. Lacourse is
attempting to get an extension of a bereavement leave through the
use of compassionate leave. The incident was clearly one of
bereavement, the grievor was, without question, given the
remainder of his shift off from work and the following day was
considered as bereavement leave. This occurred despite the
evidence of Mr. Phillipson that he was.in some doubt as to
whether the person who passed away was a true relative of the
grievor or was simply someone with'whom he had a very close
relationship. Furthermore, we consider the request for sick
leave to be merely a convenient alternative way for the grievor
to obtain extension of bereavement leave.
We found Mr. Phillipson to be a credible witness. From his
testimony and that of the grievor, Phillipson was directly
involved in making this decision and he did so following at least
one and perhaps two meetings with the grievor. We also accept;
.as reliable testimony, Mr. Phillipson's evidence that he did not
discuss the issue with Pohlman and thathe was unaware of
Pohlman's response to the Union. We note that Mr. >Pohlman was
not called as a witness either by the Employer or by the Union in
this situation, but recognize that it would have been difficult.
for the Employer to have called a bargaining unit member as a
witness in hearings such as-this. We also accept the general
ruling in Da Costa (570/84) that it is not the job of a board of
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arbitration to substitute its exercise of discretion for that of
management in discretionary matters such as these, but that
1, . . . the essential idea is that an arbitrator is not to
ask whether or not management was correct in its
decision. Management has the right to make the wrong
decision. But management's decision-making must be an
honest exercise in managing the undertaking, and no
more."
We are satisfied that Mr. Phillipson made the decision and
that his decision was made bearing the circumstances and facts of
~. the grievor's bereavement into account. 3
This leaves the question as to whether the grievance should
succeed abased on the letter from Pohlman to Lacourse. Since the
actual decision was made by Phillipson we must either believe
Phil1ipson.s testimony about the grounds on which he made it, or
believe that Pohlman accurately reflected the actual basis of the
decision that Phillipson used at the time.' In other words, we
would have to. find that Mr. Phillipson is lying about the basis
on which he made the decision. We do not find this to be the
case. We found that Mr. Phillipson's testimony was credible and
we note that Mr. Pohlman was not available to make any kind of
statement, other than in this letter, aboutthe basis of the
decision. We note that the Union had an opportunity to call Mr.
Pohlman, as indeed had management.
As for the argument that management should be estopped by
Mr. Pohlman's actions, we cannot accept this. There was never
any evidence that the Union relied on Mr. Pohlman's answer to the
grievance to any detriment to the grievor. In other words, the
grievor took no action based on.Mr. Pohlman's reply which
subsequently affected his rights under the collective agreement.
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If Pohlman was wrong in his portrayal of the reasons for denying
the compassionate leave, his being wrong had no impact on the
grievor whatsoever.
Furthermore, we note that the Ministry's position with
respect to the use of compassionate leave following .a bereavement
has been clearly articulated in Jackson (146/84) and Jackson
(487/83). The Ministry's, approach, used in both Jackson cases
and in the instant case, is to accommodate an employee's needs
for time off resulting from bereavement - including time not _
covered by the bereavement leave provision - but to treat these
cases as ,t+me off or leave without pay. It seems to us that for
the Union to say that it has subsequently-relied upon Pohlman's
letter as the articulation of the decision rule in this case is
an attempt to exploit a slip-up by an acting supervisor. To do
. .
so would, in our view, be inappropriate given the evidence we
have as to the reasonable way in which Mr. Phillipson approached
this decision. Therefore, the grievance is denied.
Dated at London, Ontario, this 5th day. of May, 1987'.
G. Nabi Member
EXHIBIT 1 0 4
750-333s
Nerch 10, 1981
I4CtIORAhQUtl TO: Deputy Minister
Lofutin, Directors
BrMch Hsads
Regions1 Directors, Inetftutionel Pmqrmes
Regional Atiinistrators, Probation & Parole
Superintendents, Institutional Proqwtxs
Awe ne"egme
Personnel Atinietratorc '
Ficgional Training Advisors
N: SPECIAL h CO!4PASSIONATC LCAVE PRflVISI~%
In light of nc+iato;l changes to Article 54 (S,xhhol & Co;~l;l3ssionate
Leave) of the Collcctivc Aqrecmont thcrc is J need t? stotc, oorc clccrly
tiw a:,:,liclrtiun uf its ,qrovision s in order to maihtairl consiztcncy through-
rlut tlx IFinistry.
~lthnw]h Article 51 an3 Section W(l) of the Gcqu:;ltions unJ?r the Public
Scrvicc Act gives the elrployer wide diocrction in deciding wilether to
CJrant Special' Or CO~aSsiomte kw?,
this discretion wst bc exercised
in o rcnsonobJe and nondiscriminetory manner. It is cxtrcnely difficult,
oe you can well understand, to reduce the &xcpt of "rcasnrtibleness" to
a singlo forrrvla or set of instructiofia which ten be easily applied in
*wry ceso. In the firm1 analysis, management wet give full and proper
consideration to the particular merits of cxh epplication for special and
compassiorete leevc before deciding to qrant or deny t1.x: lcsvc.
;:it.hout limiting tho qonerolity of the furcugoinq, xvi do]lentlinq on the
particular circumstances, the following type6 of considerations mey be
taken into account:
1. The needs of the work plocc (eq. staffin{; iln.1 o,~eratiwul requirewmts)
2. The i:qxtancc of the request to the wqloyce ;;n1 the i,ir:lship ceeeed
by dcninl
3. In family matters, the nature of the relotion8hip and the urgency of
the call on the employee’s services hy family ohliqetions
4. tll&ller it was possible or oppropriatn for other arronrrewnts to be
mado hy the employee.
5. Whether the de&l or granting of thi l&we would conetitute e iorm
of discrimiwtion, i.e. similar caeee bhould he treated alike
Normally, however, the provisions of Article 51 are not applied in the
follbning circumetalces: .
- religicua holidqe
- .+eathcr conditions
- self devel~mmt & written examinations
- an artenbion of wternity leovc
- ne~atory referrals
- eickmee of family &re (subject to above mentioned circumetancee~
EXHIBIT 1 - Cont'd
,
* .: ’ 1 -2-
- weddings
- moving
- leqsl Mttern
- nttandinq graduntions
for these s&tuetions, e~~~loyees may, of course, request e leeve of ebesncs
under other articles of the Collective Agrcomcnt, i.c. lieu days, vacation,
lseve *itJaJt pay, etc., but the provisions of Article 54 pr Section 80(l)
of the Regulstio~ would normally not be.appllceblo.
Meeegers are obliged to nake s sarioua end diligent enquiry into the fncte
of each csss before rendering s decision to grnnt P lcavc of absence under
Article 54 or Section 80(l) of the Regulations end to consult with Ror;ional
Personnel Admlniotrators before such R lesve in r~mntnd. Copies of the
n~~~lnyec'n written-request for such leave and the nanogur’r; docioion (Laove
of IIbsonce Form) are to bc rstained on the n!vloynrr'n local personnel file
fnr H!lllit pu~oaco.
TI,ia twmnorandu.~ wperxdns that of llctoter 30; 1?79. I'lc:~cr!.plxc~it in
ttio llinistry Pbrsonncl Ilanual, Section Ei tmploycc Hcnnfilp.
c