HomeMy WebLinkAbout1985-0118.Avery.88-06-29Between:
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
OPsEU (Karen Avery)
Grievor
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Transportation and Communications)
Employer
Before: P. Knopf Vice Chairman
J. D. McManus Member
W. Lobraico Member
For the Grievor: P.A. Sheppard
COUllSel
Sheppard
Barrister and Solicitor
For rhe Employer: R. J. Atkinson
COUllSC.21
Hicks Morley Hamilton Stewart Storie
Barristers and Solicitors
Hearing: May 18, 1988
F
DECISION
This is a grievance by the Union on behalf oE Karen
Avery claiming that she has been denied benefits under
Article 32 of the Collective Agreement. Article 32 provides:
ARTICLE 32 - LEAVE - JURY DUTY
32.1 Where an ern?loyee is absent by reason of a
summons to. serve as a juror or a subpoena as a
vi tness , the employee may, at his option:
(a) treat the absence as leave without ?ay
and retain any fee he raceives as a juror
or as a witness; or
(5) deduct the period of absence from his
vacation leave-of-absence credits or his
overtime credits and retain any fee he
receives as a juror or as a witness: or
(c) treat the absence as leave with pay and
pay to the Treasurer of Ontario any fee ha
has received as a juror or as a witness.
There is no dispute over the fat ts concerning
Mrs. Avery’s particular claim. She has been an employee of
the Ministry since 1981. She lives in. the City of North 3ay.
Her husband was also a Ministry employee, but his employment
status became subject to Grievance Settlement Board
proceedings in 1985. He was the grievor in a disciplinary
suspension case heard on January 7, 1985 and a dismissal cas2
heard on January 8, 1985. Mrs. Avery had relevant evidence
to give to the GSB concerning the suspension case on
January 7. She was aware of this beforehand .and advised he:
supervisor that she was seeking a leave of absence for
January 7 and 8. She did not state, nor was she asked to
give the reason for her request. She came to Toronto dn.i
attendee the GSB proceedings with her husband. On the
morning of January 7, Union counsel gave her a’ standard GS9
-2-
summons to attend on that day “and so from day to day until
the he,aring is concluded or the Board otherwise orders.” She
was given no conduct money. She did testify at the January 7
hearing. The January 8 hearing was a separate case involving
a separate grievance. She was not called as a witness, but
she did attend throughout. She is claiming that she should
be able to treat the two days of attendance before the GSB as
leave with pay under Arti%le 32.1 (cl of the collective
agreement.
Mrs. Avery’s case is important and of particular
importance to her. But the key issue in this case for the
parties is whether a witness summoned by the GSB at the
request of the Union is en ti tled to bendfi ts under
Article 32. At the outset of the case’, the Union pointed out
that at the time Mrs. Avery’s grievance arose, the GSB had
before it cases concerning the applicability to Article 32 to
attendances before the GSB by government employees. T!?e
parties agreed to hold Mrs. Avery’s grievance off until the
other cases were resolved. Then, on December 2, 1987, the
Board issued a decision of a panel chaired by Ken Swan in
Union Grievances vs. the Ministry of Ci tizenshi? and
Culture, GSB File 0332/85 (hereinafter referred to as the
Swan sane1 Award). The bunion argues that the Swan panel
award resolved the essential issue raised by the Avery case
in favour of the Union and that an onus has shifted co the
Employer to establish why the Board should overrule a
decision of an earlier panel on an identical issue. On this
point, the Union relies on the decision in Blake and the ------
Amalgamated Transit Union and the Toronto Area Transit
serating Authority, GSB File 1276/87 et al. issued by a
sane1 chaired by Chairman Shime.
The Employer disputed that it had an onus to bear in
this case. The Employer put forth Wally Gorchinsky to gitiz
evidence on negotiating history in Support of the Employer's
argument that tile cl:ear intention of the parties was that
Article 32 would not apply to witnesses called by the union
or the grievor before the GSB. Mr. Gorchinsky had also gi,Jen
evidence regardin. negotiating history and this article
before the panel chaired by Mr. Swan. This panel of the
Board noted that Mr. Gorchinsky had given similar evidence
earlier and so we asked counsel for the Employer if we would
be hearing any new evidence which. had not been offered to the . Swan panel. We were assured that Yr. Gorchinsky would off?i
new evidence and so we agreed to hear the evidence on that
understanding. In fact, almost all the evidence that this
panel heard from Mr. Gorchinsky was later conceded to be
exactly as set out in the Swan panel award on pages 2 to 8 of
their decision. We therefore quote from the earlier recital
of the same fat ts.
Both this Board and the Tribunal are cred turss
of the Crown Employees Collective Bargaining,
the TriEnal having been created by the 1972
legislation, s:o. i972, c. 67, and restructured by
S.O. 1974, c. 135. The Grievance Settlement Board
is a creature of the 1974 legislation, which was
proclaimed in force on July 21, 1975. Therefore,
at the time of the opening of negotiations for the
first collective agreement by the submission of
proposals by the Association .on Yarch 21, .1974, the
Grievance Settlement BOdrd did not exist. At that
time, the grievance arbitration function was
handled by the Public Service Grievance Board, a
body established under the Puolic Service Act which --- continues to provide that function now for
non-bargaining unit employees.
Against this statutory background, a brief
review of the negotiating history is appropriate.
Some time between the proclamation of the 1972 Act
on June 23, 1972 and the beginning of negotiations
for a new collective agreement in 1974, discussions
took place between the Civil Service Association of
Ontario, which was the predecessor organizstion to
the present Union, and the Civil Service
Commission. The precise nature of those
discussions is not now available, but they
culminated in “an agreement” between the two
parties relating at the very le~ast to the
attendance of grievors and witnesses beEore the
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Public Service Grievance Board and its associate;i
tribunal, the Classification Rating Committee.
That agreement was outlined by’ W.A.B. Anderson,
then Chairman of the Civil Service Commission, in
a letter to all Deputy Ministers dated August 16,
1973. Since that le ttar cons ti tutes the background
against which the original negotiations took slate,
it is helpful to set it out here in its entirety:
An agreement between the Province of
Ontario and the Civil Service Association
of Ontario on behalf of bargaining unit
employees provides for the allocation of
certain costs relative to the appearance
of a grievor, or a witness for a grievor,
before the Public Service Grievance Board
or the Classification Rating Committee.
In accordance with the agreement, the
grievor will be granted time-qff duty,
without loss of pay or attendance
credits, to attend a hearing of his
grievance by the Public Service CrieVanCe
Board or the Classification Rating
Committee. Such time-off shall, if
necessary, i.nclude travel time.
Effective July 1, 1973, the travel and
accommodation expenses of the grievor
will be a matter between the grievor and
the Civil Service Association of
Ontario.
Any employee of the Province who is
required to appear as a witness for the
grievor at any hearing of a grievance by
the Public Service Grievance Board or the
Classification Rating Committee shall be
granted time-off duty to attend a hearing
before the “Board” or “Committee” without
loss of pay or accumulation of credits.
Such time-off shall, if necessary.,
include travel time. The Province is
reimbursed for any salary paij during
such time-off . Effective July 1, 1973,
the travel and accommodation expenses of
a witness appearing for the grievor shall
be a matter oe tween the witness and the
Civil Service Association of Ontario
(Inc.). Time-off duty granted an
employee to be a witness for a grievor
Shall be granted.under authoricy of
Section 17 subsection 4(a) of O.Reg. 749,
R.R.O. 1970 and be recorded on
CornmisSion Form CS-66 and forwarded to
i
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the Staff Relations aranch Civil Service
Commission for recovery to the "Province"
of 'any salary paid during such leave-of-
absence.
In accordance wit!4 the terms of the
agreement any mandatory hearing relative
to a grievance, that requires the
grievor, his representative, or witness
to be. absent from the normal p,lace of
employment shall not entail any loss of
say or accumulation of credits. Such
absence should be treated as if the
grievor, his representative or witness
were on duty. Any time spent at d
hearing that does not fall within the
scheduled hours of work for a grievor,
his representative, or a witness, shall
not constitute duty time, call-in or
overtime.
An employee of the "Province" elected
or appointed as a grievance steward for
the Association shall, to the extent
possible, conduct any investigation or a
complaint or grievance, or prepare for a
grievance hearing in his own time. In
the event that circumstances preclude the
proper investigation in his own time a
grievance steward may request permission
from his supervisor to be absent from his
place of duty and, circumstances
permitting, no reasonable request shall
be denied. A grievance steward re,quired
to appear before the Puslic Service
Grievance Board or the Classification
Rating Committee in support of a grievor
shall be treated as if he Ward a Witness
for the grievor and the terms and
conditions applicable to a witness shall
apply to the grievance steward.
It is of interest thdt the Civil Service
Commission had negotiated informally with the
C.S.A.O. since 1962, and that the outcome of those
negotiations had produce3 "agreements" which werd
amended from time to time, and which were
:.molementad bv inclusion in Requlations made under
tile Public Se;vice Act. Thus the reference in
Mr'. -- Anderson‘s letter is to the authority of a
Regulation, rather than to the provisions of t;he
agr:ement i,tself, since .the informal agreements had
no independent life apart from being enacted by
Regul.ation.
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In fact, there was a Regulation in effect at
the time of the Anderson letter in 1973, and
immediately before the commencement of negotiations
on March 21, 1974, that was in i.dentical terms to
the present Article 32 of the collective agreement.
However, although the Anderson letter was
presented to us by the Union as an interpretation
of the jury and witness leave regulation, and the
Employer did not directly challenge that assertion,
it appears that the Regulation referred to in the
Anderson letter [R.R.O. 1970, 0. Reg. 749,
section 17(4)(a)] does not refer to jury and
witness leave, but to “special or compassionate
leave with pay”. Moreover, the jury and witness
leave provision had been in the Regulations since
1961, and so clearly did not originate with the
informal negotiations. It appears that section
17(4)(a) was chosen simply as a handy
administrative authority to implement the
“agreement’.
In the first round of formal negotiations, the
Union’s initial position in relation to the
question of jury or witness leave was to leave it
exactly ds it had been i.n the informal agreement
and in the Regulation, and, it appears, the
Employer agreed to that proposition.
There were, however, other provisions reques tad
by the Union as a part oft Article 42, which was to
be the grievance procedure section of the Union’s
proposed agreement. The Union’s proposal, insofar
as it is here.material, was as follows:
42.15 The Public Service Grievance Board --
The Board shall continue in
accordance with Article’ 42.2. The
employer shall continue to supply
accommodation for meetings of the
Board and provide staff and supplies
necessary for the efficient
operations of the Board. The
employer shall continue to stipulate
the nonorarium that shall be paid to
a member of the Board and to
reimburse such member of the Board
accordingly. The employer Shall
continue to honour any travel or
out-of-pocks t expenses incur’red by
the Chairman or members of the BxoarJ.
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42.15.1 Any employee who makes application
for a hearing before the Board or
Committee and is the incumbent of a
position, the classification of
which is deemed to be in the
Bargaining Unit, shall be allowed
time-off du ty where necessary,
without the loss of pay or credits,
to appear before the Board or
Committee for the hearing of his
grievance. Any meeting between the
grievor and his representative,
arranged for the purpose of
preparing for the presentation of
his grievance, shall not normally
require that the grievor be absent
from his place of duty. In the
event that such absence is
unavoidable due to then grievor being
located at some distant part 02 the
Province, a request for permission
to be absent from duty may be made
and no reasonable request shall be
refused. Any expenses incurred by a
grievor under the provision of this
clause relative to travel an3
accommodation shall be a matter
between the grievor and the Union.
42.15.2 Any employee required as a witness
by the grievor in the matter of a
hearing before the Board, shall,
upon proper notification to the
Chairman by the Union be granted a
leave of absence with pay from his
place of employment to attend the
hearing of such grievance. The
Union will .reimburse the employer
for the salary paid an employee
during any leave of absence granted
to facilitate attendance at the
hearing of the grievane. Any leave
of absence granted under this
section shall include reasonaole
travel time where necessary and such
travel time shall be subject to the
reimbursement provisions specified
in this section. The employer shall
notify the Union quartarly of any
leave of absence granted under this
section together wi th the total of
any salary paid during such leave of
absence. The travel and
accommodation expenses incurred by
i
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the witness by reason of attendance
before the Board or Committee shall
be a matter between the witness and
the Union.
42.15.3
The attendance of a grievor, his
representative or a witness at a
meeting arranged to explore his
grievance or to conduct the
mandatory hearing of such grievance
at the local level shall, if any
absence from duty is required, be
treated as if the grievor, his
representative or witness were on
duty. In the event that the
grievor, his. re2resen ta tive or
witness is not on duty at the time
of a meeting arranged for the
purpose of exploring a grievance or
conducting a hearing rela-tive to a
grievance, the time spent at such
meeting shall not constitute duty
time, call-in or overtime.
These negotiations were unsuccessful, and the
matter was referred to a board of arbitration
chaired by Mr. Howard D. Brown for resolution of
the matters in dispute. In the award, a provision
in the terms of Article 32 was included by adopting
a number of agreeed provisions already settled by
t!!e parties. There was also a provision, then
numbered Article 36.3, which provided for an
employee who is a grievor or complainant before the
Grievance Settlement Board (which had now come into
existence) or the Tribunal to attend hearings.
without loss of pay or credits. The collective
agreement as finally signed, however, contained no
specific reference to the status of witnesses who
were summoned to a hearing of the Grievance
Settlement Board or the Tribunal as ~witnesses at ’
the instance of the Union.
At the outset of the cross-examination, Union counsel
asked Mr. Gorchinsky to state what was new or different in
the evidence that he presented to this panel as opposed t.2
that which was set out in the Swan panel’s award.
Mr. Gorchinsky pointed out that the Swan panel did not have
tabled before it the full firsr collective agraemant netwuen
the parties which was tssled before this panel. Thus,
i
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Mr . Gorchinsky said that the Swan sane1 had made an drroneoUs
assumption that not!ling in the collective ayreement dealt
with attendances by grievors or vitnesses before the GSB.
This conclusion had been on the basis of Mr. Gorchinsky’s
recollection as re1ate.d to the Swan panel. But in fact, tne
entire collective agreement reveals that the issue had been
addressed in a leave for union activities portion of the
collective agreement under Article 24.4.1 dealing with
attendances by grievors or complainants.
Mr. Gorchinsky also pointed out in re;examination
that the provisions in the collective agreement dealin) w.ith
attendances of griavors and complainants were in fact drafted
by Mr. Gorchinsky in the course of negotiations and adopted
as acceptable to the Union. This had not been made clear to
the Swan panel and was not reflected in their award.
Mr. Gorchinsky and the Employer argued that the adoption of
this Smployer’s proposal had, by implication, meant that the
Union had withdrawn any claim for compensation for
attendances of witnesses before the GSB.
The last distinction of any significance in the
evidence before this panel and the Swan panel is that while
Mr. Gorchinsky told both panels that he would never have
signed a collective agreement which provided for Gayment to
witnesses summoned by the Union before the GS3, the Swan
panel had been told that Andrew Todd’s, the Chief Negotiator
for the Union, recollection of intentioh was exactly counter
to Mr. Gorchinsky’s. Our panel received no evidence
regarding Union officials’ recollec cion or intention.
Any other disagreements Mr. Gorchinsky voiced over
the Swan ?anel’s award were regarding its analysis,
assumptions and conclusions rather than the fat ts recited.
.
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The Employer asks this panel to accept the position
that it was never intended that Article 32 would apply to a
witness summoned by the grievor or the Union to the Grievance
Settlement Board. Indeed it was said that the negotiating
history reveals that the parties agreed that that Article
would not apply to that situation. The Employer stressed
that all the Union ever sought~ in negotiations was the terms
of the Anderson memo. By those terms, the Union would have
reimbursed the Employer for any compensation paid to
witnesses summoned to the GSB at the request of the Union.
But in negotiations, the. Union agreed to Mr. Gorchinsky's
counter proposal which dealt only with the attendances of.the
grievor or the complainant. The Employer emphasized that if
the Union were to succeed in this case, it would gain m.ore
than it initially appeared to seek in negotiations because
its witnesses would be compensated without,any corresponding
contribution by the Union. But it was conceded that the
issue of payment of witnesses before the GSB was never
directly raised in the context of Article 32 itself. We
were urged to conclude that the Union withdrew its claim for
.witness payments and thus never intended to create a
contractual obligation for their payment in Article 32. We
are asked to decide this case in a manner different than the
Swan panel on the basis that the Swan panel either did not
appreciate or was not told,clearly that the Union had agreed
to management's proposal regarding leave for Union business
and attendances of the grievors and complainants beEore this
tribunal. It was conceded that the Board should act
"carefully" when addressing an issue in Ghe second instance,
but should consider itself free to take a fresh look in
appropriate circumstances, such as when the first decision is
not correc t. Counsel also mentioned a concern that if the
Union were to succeed, the Ministry could be subjected to
abuse of Article 32 by having entire work places disrupted by
subpoenaing too many witnesses at the Employer’s expense.
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The Union refe-rred us to the c.ase of Xoranda Metal Industries __--
Ltd., Ferqus Division and International Brotherhood of -------
Electrical Workers, Local 2345 et al. (1983) 44 O.R. (2d) 529 ---
(C.A.) and Canadian Pacific Airlines Ltd. and International
Association of Machinists 6 Aerospace Workers, Lodge 764
(19861, 23 L.A.C. (3d) 116 (Munroe).
The Union urged the Board to conclude that the
Employer must show “exceptional circumstances” before the
Board should deviate from its recent conclusions on the same
issue. See Blake, supra. It was said that even if the Swan
panel’s decision was wrong, that would not amount to the
exceptional circumstances required for the Board to reverse
itself, especially in a matter of contract interpretation.
Counsel for the Union submitted that we were simply being
asked to make different conclusions than the Swan panel on
the basis of evidence that was virtually identical on all
substantial matters. We were also asked to note that the
Swan Award was not made the sujject of judicial raview and
that we should not sit in an appeal of another panel’s
ruling.
The Decision
Let us state at the outset that although we have
considered Mr. Gorchinsky’s evidence as presented to us very
carefully, we see nothing of significance in any of the
additional evidence produced to us than was put before the
Swan panel. On the basis of Mr. Gorchinsky’s evidence to us,
we can see no evidence of clear intention, nor can we make
any inescapable inference that the parties never intended the
collective agreement to read as the Union is now seeking us
to cone lude . The evidence of negotiating history is simply
illustrative of the Employer’s intentions and assumptions.
Bu f if does not force us to conclude that the Union shared
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that intention. Therefor?, as the Swan panel concluded, the
evidence of negotiating history is insufficient to allow us
to draw a compelling conclusion as to the intention of the
parties.
In our view, the evidence of negotiating
history is simply insufficient to permit us to
draw an absolute conclusion as to the intention of
either ?arty, in the corporate sense, whatever
might be the recollections of their principals at
the bargaining table. It may be observed that the .
Anderson letter, written in 1373, was not based on
the language as now found in the collective
asgreement and here under dispute. Moreover, the
somewhat cryptic references to reimbursernt in the
third paragraph are, we were informed in evidence
at the hearing, in relation to an arrangement by
which the Union would reimburse the Crown for
salaries paid to witnesses. Therefore, the
Anderson letter cannot stand, as argued for the
Union, as a definitive interpretation of the
language here at issue.
3n the other hand, the withdrawal of language
reproducing the Anderson letter, which required
the Union to reimburse the Employer for witnesses
at the Public Service Grievance Board, language
which like the Anderson letter makes no reference
at all to the witnesses being compelled to attend
under summons or subpoena, is not conclusive that
the Union was not relying on the provisions of
what is now Article 32 as a replacement for the
previous sys tern.
It is our view, based upon all of the evidence
before us, chat the evidence of negotiating
his tory simply does not answer the question of the
original intention of the parties in including the
language which is now in dispute. That evidence,
therefore, whether or not it is admissible as a
matter of law, is not of sufficient cogency to
permit us to rely upon it in resolving the present
matter.
Therefore, whether Mr. Gorchinsky’s extrinsic evidence was
admissible or not, it does not have the degree of cogency
require:l to permit us to rely upon it to resolve this issue.
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.
That leaves us with the language of the collective
agreement itself. The Employer ;lid not argue that the Swan
oanel’s analysis of the language.was flawed. Further, we
find that the Swan panel’s analysis is compelling and we
adopt it in its entirety. The Swan panel concluded:
. . .
we have concluded that the word “subpoena” in
Article 32 must be read as including all of the
statutory forms of summons for a witness not only
before the courts, but also bafore all tribunals
which have been given by statute the power to
comae1 witnesses to attend and testify. As we have
already observed, Article 32 would be very narrow
protection indeed for Crown emQloyess if it ao?lied
only to the requirement to testify’ before the
courts, given the broad range of legal processes to
which Crown employees can be exposed by reason of
their employment, leaving aside matters before this
Board or the Tribunal. Once the broader meaning is
given to Article 32, howevsr, there is simply no
justification for excluding from its operation a
summons to attend before ,this Board or the Tribunal
as a witness, and there certainly is nothing in the
section which limits entitlement under Article 32
on the basis of the identity of the Qarty at whose
instance the Crown employee is required to aagear.
Thus the Board has clearly stated that an employee can avail
himself or herself of the provisions oE Article 32 when
summoned to attend before this Board at the instance of the
Union.
Before we turn to the facts of Mrs. Avery’s
pa,r titular case, we wish to address the policy issue raissd
by this case. As is clear from the facts set out above, the
same issue arose seEore this Board earlier in the grievance
before the Swan panel. It is apaaren t that the Employer
disagrees with the Swan panel’s decision and that it has
sought to have this panel essentially overturn the earlier
decision. The Chairman of the Grievance Sa ttlemment 3oard has
dealt strongly with this tyoe of matter in the Blake ---
decision. Bis words bear quoting in full:
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. . . In the pr.ivate sector ad hoc boards of
arbitration have a separate and distinct capacity
to decide each case on its own merits. Recognizing
that individual, but diEEerent, decisions on the
same point or issue may creata confusion,
arbitrators have balanced the interests oE
individual decision making with predictability by
generally adopting a policy that they will not
depart from earlier decisions lunless such decisions
are manifestly in error.
But the Grievance Settlement Board is one entity -
it is not a series of separately constituted boards
of arbitration. Under Set tion 20( 1) of The Crown
Emnoloyees CoLlectiveBarqaining Act thers is “a
Grievance Settlement aoard’-= that is, one 3oard.
Under Section 20(4) the Grievance Settlement Board
may sit in two panels and under Section 20th) a
decision of the majority of a panel- is “the
decision” of the Grievance Settlement 3oard.
Thus each decision by a Ganel becomes a decision of
the Board and in our opinion the error which is
appropriate for the private sector is not
a?progria te for the Grievance Settlement Board.
The Act does not give one panel the right to
overrule another panel ore to sit on appeal on the
decisions of an earlier panel. Also, given tha
volume oE cases that are currently administered by
this board, the continuous attempts to persuade one\
panel that another panel was in error only
encourages a multiplicity of proceedings and
arbitrator shopping which in turn creates undue
administrative dif f icul tl in, handling the case
load.
We are mindful, however, that there is no ~rovlsion
for appeal and there are limits to judicial review.
While it is our view that the “manifest error”
theory is too lax a standard, we racognize that
there may be exceo tionai circumstances whera an
earlier decisTon of this board might be reviewed.
At this point we are not arepared to delineate what
constitutes exceptional circumstances and the
fleshing out oE that standard will be determined on
a case by case basis. The onus will be on the
party seeking review to establish exception&
circumstances. -___--_-- [Emphasis added1
‘Thus, the Board has stated as clearly as possible that while
we may be aske.3 to review eariier decisions of this Soard, it
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is only when zxceptlonal ci rcumstanc3s can be Icmonstr3 rel
that we can he s2rsuade-J that the earlier decision shou1.i not
stand. Fur the r , it is not the Eunction of the Bbard to .sl t
in review or appeal of its eat-lier decisions. That is tli’z
function of the Divisional Court when grcun4s for judicial
review axis t.
While the Employer relies upon the C? Airlines casd __-----
to try’ (LO persuade us to overturn our earlier jurisprudenca,
we find chat case to be quite discinguishabla from our facLs.
In the CP Airlines case, a secorld board of arbitration in a ------
priJate collective agreement content was ?ersuadeJ ta hear
extrinsic evidence of negotiating history that had ?ot ‘%?;Y
offered at all to the first board. The second board rzvars?!i
the conclusion of the original board and. axplainej itself Sy
saying:
3n the whole of the evidence, we have reached
these three fundaman ta1 conclusions. First, therz
can be no doubt that in 1362, the true intent of
the parties was precisely as the company would
have us find to be the correct in terpr2 ta tion of
art. 12.12. That much is crystal clear from the
extrinsic evidence of negotiation history.
Second, nothing has happened in the intervening
years which would justify a conclusion that the
original intent had been stood on its head.
Indeed, there was no suggestion from the trade
union that such was the case. Finally, we ara
confident that had tha Hope board had the benefit
of the extrinsic evidence to which we have
referred, its conclusion about the meaning of
art. 12.12 would have been entirely different.
In the case at hand, the original panel had the benefit of
rnos t, if not all, the significant evidence before us. 3ur
extrinsic evidence was, and is not, conclusive of intent.
Further, nothing indicates an error by t!le original panel.
Therefore, we are not persuaded that the CP Airlines casd is ----------
applicable or that it suggests that we c,jn or sb.0~13 ov?rtz.‘l
earlier jurisprudence.
c
.4
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We are not persuaded that the Swan Ganel made any
significant errors of fact. We are persuaded that the Swan
panel made no errors of law or analysis. By any standard, be
it manifest error or exceptional circumstances, we ar<e
convinced that absolutely no grounds were shown to have us
reverse , let alone review, the Swan panel's decision.
Essentially, this case boils down to an attempt by the
Employer to present the same case in a more complete manner
to a new panel of the Board in the hope of being more
persuasive. This panel recognizes the importance of
flexibility and adaptability and cha hngers of being too
rigid in an adherence to outmoded precedent. We also
recognize that this must be tempered and balanced with a need
to have consistency, predictabilit;r and.finality in
contractual interpretation of this collective agreement which
covers so many employees. But whatever "exceptional
circumstanhces" may exist to persuade a panel to review and
rdverse an earlier decision, those circumstances cannot be
simply that one party attempts to present a hotter argument
or more thorough evidence than was aresented to an earlier
panel even though it was all available before. We believe
that this is all that happened before us.
A second policy issue that should be addressed is the
concern that if the Union were to succeed, it could or would
lead to abuse of the 2rovsions oE Article 32. This concern
seems to be one of the underlying reasons for the En?loyer's
rigorous opposition to this grievance. While this concern
may be honestly held, we do net see any justification for the
concern. First, it is ao?arent from the facts set out in the
Swan Award and some of the evidence presented to us, that
some facets of the Ministry have in fact been compensating
witnesses yho have been summoned by the Union before the GSB.
This has not been 'a consistent practice within the Ministry,
but it has been done. There was no suggestion that where the
5
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Union and employees have had the benefit of the application
of Article 32 that there has been any abuse to date.
Secondly, " If an abuse were to be created, there are
procedures available, either before this Board or the Courts,
have the Board police its
is suspected, the Employer
to have the summonses quashed or
own process. Thus, where abuse
has recourse.
We now turn to the facts of Mrs. Avery's grievance.
On the~basis of the Swan Award and on the basis of our own
independent conclusion that the analysis in the Swan Award is
correct, we adopt its findings and analysis in its entirety.
Thus, as an employee, Mrs. Avery is entitled to avail herself
of Article 32 once having been summoned before the GSB. But
as the Employer pointed out, the summons which she was served
agplied only to January 7, 1985. It did .not reEer to
January S. The January 8 hearLng was for a separate, albeit
related grievance. She was not compelled to attend January 8
nor did she testify. Nor was the January 7 subpoena extended
by the Board to cover January 8. Therefore, her claim for
leave of absence for January 8 cannot succeed. The Employer
also argued that since she did not receive any conduct money
for January 7, the summons is unenforceable and also means
that she does not fit within the language of Artice 32.1(c)
under which she claims. But we agree with the Union's
submission that the absence of the receipt of conduct money
affects only the comgellability of the witness. The language
of the Article refers to being served with a subpoena, rather
than being compelled to attend. If the service was not
sufficient to compel her attendance because of the absence of
conduct money, it does not void her entitlement to elect to
i
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treat the absence as a leave with pay. She does cornsly WL th
Article 32 in that she has been subpoenaed as a wi tndss
because she did receive tne subpoena.
Finally, we do not accept the Employer ‘s argument
that the summons must be presented to management prior to
taking the leave in order to qualify under Article 32. Such
a requirement is certainly fair and makes good administrative
sense, but it is not a provision of the collective agreement.
The requirement is not contained in Article 32 and can
therefore not be enforced by this Board against the em?Loyee.
Therefore, on the basis of ‘the conclusions set out
above and the fat ts of this case, the grievance succeeds in
part. Mrs. Avery is entitled to traat January 7 as J leave
wi th pay. Her employment record should be amended to reflect
the leave of absence on January 7. Her claim with regard to
January 8 is disallowed. The grievor is enti tied to payment
of any salary and benefits owing as a result oE our
declaration that she is entitled to treat January 7, 1935 as
a leave of absence with pay. The Board remains seized with
jurisdiction to deal vi th the implementation of the award.
should our further assistance be required.
.DATED at Toronto, Ontario this 29th day of June,
13as.
A?&-- - VicF-Chairman
--- ________ John i<c:,lanu.j - :,amber
File # 118185
ADDENDLIM
Negotiating history and practice indicates the parties obviously had agreed
initially to share costs and pay salaries of their own witnesses.
UnEortunately this agreement was not incorporated into the Collective
Agreement and past practice was apparently not consistent.
This Board must abide by the terms of the Collective Agreement and where
necessary provide interpretation. Based on the foregoing, the interpret-
ation of the relevant article is not unreasonable and I do not believe that
any abuse will result from the Boards decision.