HomeMy WebLinkAbout1985-0180.Syring et al.87-01-02Between:
Before:
so cXm24.S SrREET WEST, TORONTO. ONT/WIO. ~60 ,.?9-SUITE 2100 TE‘EPHOMI trs/sos- 0696
180/85, 181/85, 182/85
183185, 18.5185
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
- Under -
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAININ ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD.
Ontario Public Service Employee's Union
(P. Syring, A. Thachuk, R. Schwindt,
W. Herrick and 6. Daoust)
- and -
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(The Ministry of the Environment)
P. Knopf, Vice-Chairman
F. Taylor, Member
P.D. Camp, Member
For the Grievor: E. Shilton-Lennon
COUllSl?l
Cavalluzzo, Hayes and Lennon
Barristers and Solicitors
For the Employer: .R. Younger
Staff Relations Advisor
Ministry of the Environment
Hearing: October 28. 1986
Grievers
Employer
.
AWARD
This cas.e involves five grievors who are classified
as environmental technicians in various locations in the
Province. They are grieving the fact that they were required
to reduce an accumulation of "averaging hours" to zero
Their claim is based upon an interpretation of Appendi:
Schedule A of the collective agreement, that provides:
AVERAGING OF HOURS OF WORK
The number of hours of work ,per week prescribed shall be computed as a weekly average over one (1) year, where the duties of a civil servant require:
- that he work more than the number'of
hours per week prescribed at regularly recurring times of the year, or
- that the number of hours per week be normally irregular.
Averaging Period:
The averaging period for each class
and/or position:
- will conform to the twelve (12) month
calendar period which reflects the work cycle of that class and/or position, and
- will be reported to the bargaining agent.
Prorating:
Periods of employment of less than twelve (12) months in an averaging period (e.g., due to appointment, transfer, separation, etc.) will be prorated.
Hours Per Averaging Period:
The hours of work required shall correspond to a thirty-six and
.
x 3,
- 2-
one-quarter (36-l/4) hour week or a forty
(40) hour week averaged/over the twelve
(12) month calendar period.
Changes to Hours Per Averaging Period:
If at any time, a ministi;y requires a different hours base for a class or for a
position within a class (e.g. equivalent of forty (40). hours per week instead of thirty-six and one-quarter (36-l/4) hours per week), the ministry must:
- alter the affected employees' salaries
proportionately, and
- notify the Staff Relations Division,
Civil Service Commission, and the Union of any such changes.
Record of Hours Worked:
A record will be maintained for each employee affected~showing a running total
of hours worked:
- on his regular working days, and
- during the averaging period.
Excessive Buildup of Bours Worked:
When an employee's buildup of hours worked is becoming excessive, he:
- may be required to take time off on an
hour-for-hour basis, in order to bring his hours accumulation into line with the hours requirement for the
averaging period, and
- will be given reasonable notice, where
circumstances permit, of any such time off.
Calculation of Hourly Rate:
In all cases, the basic hourly rate of pay for employees on averaging is to be determined by dividing‘ the weekly rate of
the class.by thirty-six and one-quarter (36-l/4) or forty (40) as applicable, unless the basic hourly rate of pay already exists.
i -3 -
Elours Worked Over Annual Requirement:
At the end of the averaging period, any excess hours standing to the employee's credit over and above the annual hours requirement will be considered as
overtime. Normally, the employee shall
be paid for his overtime credits. Such payment shall be based on the basic hourly rata he was receiving on the last day of the averaging period.
Compensating time off may be substituted for payment of overtime credits as
follows:
(a) Where there is insufficient work for
an employee to the extent that his presence is not required for a period of time, in which case:
- a ministry has the authority to direct that the employee take time off rather than receive pay for the overtime credits, and
- such time off must be taken commencing during the first month of the next averaging period.
OR
(b) in circumstances other than the above
and where the employee and his supervisor mutually agree to compensating leave, in which case the time off will commence.
- within the first month of the next averaging period,
or
- at an otherwise mutually
satisfactory time.
Sours Worked on Other Than Regular
Workdays:
Any hours worked on a holiday.or a day that is. not a regular working day for the employee will be treated as overtime and b.ased on the rats he was receiving when the
over time was worked.
I
i
- 4-
As environmental technicians,. the grievors are
responsible for the investigation, inspection, data
collection and preliminary evaluative and interpretive work
that needs to.be. done on matters relating to environmental
assessment and polution control in the natural environment.
These are professional people who are often called upon on an
emergency basis to conduct investigations, attend hearings
and interview witnesses. While they are expected to put in a
"normal day at~the office", they are.also expected to bc on
call and attend at irregular hours as well. Hence,~ they have
been assigned to Schedule A, Appendix 3, supra, of the
collective agreement since 1975.
The hours of work of the grievors in relation to- the
"regular" daily requirement as prescribed under the
regulations of the Ontario Public Service Act correspond to a
seven and one-quarter hour work day or,a thirty-six and
one-quarter hour work week. For the purposes of Schedule A
of the collective agreement, and utilizing the accepted
description set out at page 6.1 of the Ontario Government
Manual of Administration, Volume 2, the annual hours of work
requirement for the grievors' positions correspond to a sum
total of 1,085 regular hours in a twelve-month calendar
period (including normal vacation leave entitlement)..
The established calendar year for purposes of
Scheudle A of the collective agreement and these grievances
began on April 1, 1984 and expired on March 31, 1985. The j
actual hours that the grievors work are recorded and
submitted by the individual employees throughout the calendar
year on an appropriate form.
Up until approximately December of 1984, it was
understood by both parties that the target number of hours
per year would be 1,085 hours per employee and employee,s were
- .
- 5 -
encouraged to reduce any accumulation of overtime towards
that targe t. But prior to the end of the 1984-85 fiscal
yearI the practice had been that although employees were
encouraged to reduce their number of accumulated or built up
hours , it was left to their professional discretion as to
whether this was possible in view of the day-to-day
requirements of their work load. If, at the end of the
fiscal year, the hours standing to the employee’s credit did
not exceed thirty-six and one-quarter hours, this was not
regarded as “excessive” and the Employer dealt with those
hours in accordance with the subsequent provisions of
Schedule A. For example, the number .of hours up to and
including thirty-six and one-quarter were paid out at time
and one half or taken off under the formula prescribed in the
schedule. Employees did not expect that any hours
accumulated beyond thirty-six and one-quarter hours would be
so paid out.
However, at the end of 1984, the Employer decided to
change the practice and adopt a new policy designed at
targeting a zero accumulationof built up hours. The .“xero
accumulation” became manadatory and a series of memos were
sent to the individual grievors advising them of the
requirement to reduce the number of built up hours to zero
(Exhibits 5 to 10). Through these memos, the grievors were
~advised that they must reduce the accumulation to zero by
March 31, 1985. Some of the employees were able to do this.
Some were not. All the grievors reduced their accumulated
hours to some extent, ,but this was done under protest. The
remedy that the grievors request is that the number of hours
that they were forced to remain off work be reinstated and
that they be compensated at an applicable rate in lieu of
taking the time off.
The argument of the Union is that Schedule A applies
to employees who work an irregular number of hours per week.
-6-
It was submitted that Schedule A covers a broad range of
employees who are both seasonal and professional. Thus, the
words should be given a "flexible interpretation" having
regard to the nature of the work done by these particular
grievors. Ms:Lennon argued that the employees enjoy rights
under the schedule which are triggered when the number of
hours of'work billed up becomes excessive. However, the
practice of, the parties was not to consider a build up to be
excessive until it reached thirty-six and one-quarter hours.
Thus, it was argued that the Employer could not treat
anything as excessive until it reached that level. Further,
it was argued that even if the Employer is empowered under
the Schedule to require the employee to take time off on a
four-hour basis, the word "may "fin the Schedule requires that
the Employer exercise that~~discretion reasonably, having
regard to reasonable expectations of the parties. .Given the
practice of not considering the build up to be excessive
until thirty-six and one-quarfer~hours, where
accumulated, it was argued that the Cmployer's actions in
this context were unreasonable.
Finally, and in the alternative, it was argued that
the clause requires employees to be given reasonable notice
of any change to be implemented in, the practice. It was
argued that the.notice given under these circumstances was
not reasonab1.e having regard to the past practice and the
employee's reasonable reliance upon that practice. In
conclusion, counsel for the Union argued that a type of
estoppel was created by the practice which establishes,the
meaning of the word excessive to the parties and which
dictates how the discretion ought to be applied.
In response, the Employer argues that it is essential
that the collective agreement be read to preserve to
management the.right to control its own expenditures and to
prevent excessive build up of overtime liability at the end
of the fiscal year. It was submitted that nothing in
Schedule A of Appendix 3 takes away that management right. It
:,,...
,.,,.;
,.
:.:
- 7 -
was argued that what occurred here was simply management's
decision to cut down on the accumulation of overtime payment
and that timely notice was given to the employees of this
decision. It was argued that if the Union's position were to
be accepted it would create a guarantee of additional hours
to employees which is not the intent of the Schedule. The
Board was referred to two cases: OPSEU (Whitehead) and
y of Natural Resources, Board File 198-82 (Roberts) Ministr
August 9, 1982, and OPSEU (Flett) and Ministry of Revenue,
Board File 53-77 (Swinton) January 19, 1979.
The Decision
We start by agreeing with the EmFlOyer’S submission
that management has and must retain the power to affect
controls upon its liabilities and expenditures. However,
this power is subject to the provisions in the collective
agreement.. Schedule A of Appendix 3 forms part of the
collective agreement and deals with employees who work
irregular hours to ensure their fair compensation. In the
case of environmental technicians who are often called upon
to work in excess of a normal thirty-six and one-quarter hour
week, they find themselves in situations where they may
accumulate a large number of extra hours. If these were
allowed to accumulate without any limit, the Employer could
be left with an enormous liability at the'end of the fiscal
year.
It seems that up until the end of the 1984-85 fiscal
year, a mutually satisfactory practice had.developed. By
this practice, employees knew that the Employer would
consider reasonable an accumulation of overtime hours up to
thirty-six and one-quarter hours or one regular work week.
Any hours above this were expected to be taken off, in
accordance with professional responsibility, on an hour for
lud ing those~ hour basis. However, the hours up to and inc
,
-
-8-
thirty-six and one-quarter were paid out in accordance with
Schedule A. No doubt employees proceeded throughout that
fiscal year on the understanding and expectation. that this
practice would continue.
However , in December of 1984, employees were given
notice that the practice with regard to the determination of
what amounted to “excessive build up” was coming to an end.
Employees were advised to reduce the number of built up hours
to zero by the end of the following March. While we must
conclude that the Employer had the right under the collective
agreemcn t to curtail the amount of built up hours, owe cannot
conclude that reasonable notice was given in these
circumstances.
Employees proceeded almost to the end of the fiscal
year on the understanding and the expectation that they would
be able to accumulate up to thirty-six and one-quarter hours
of over time. It can only be assumed that they would have
planned their budgets, their vacations, their work schedules
and their personal lives in accordance with those
expectations. To then change the rules, in the last quarter
of the fiscal year without more notice than was given, cannot
be considered “reasonable notice” within the meaning of
Schedule A. For the Employer’s notice to have been
considered reasonable, it would only have been fair if it
would have applied to the following fiscal year rather than
to the fiscal year in which the notice was given.
Therefore, we must conclude that the Employer has the
right to give the employees notice’ that it will no longer
consider an accumulation of thirty-six and one-quarter hours
of overtime as acceptable. The Employer has the right to,
within reason, designate what would be excessive. In the
particular circumstances at hand,. the Employer had the right
to advise the employees that there would be a change in the
,,
^ ’
* -9- ::
practice from what they had enjoyed~ from 1975 to 1984.
Hbwever, on the facts of this case, the amount of notice that
was given to the employees was not adequate. Therefore, the
grievance must succeed to the extent that the grievors should
be restored the number of hours that they were involuntarily
made to remain off work and that they be paid the applicable
rate in lieu of the time off for that period. However, they
are to be considered to be on notice for the 1985-86 fiscal
year of the change in the Employer’s accepted practice with
regard to the build up of hours.
Finally, the parties and their representatives are t0
be.commended for their success in achieving an agreed
statement of facts and issues on this case and their ability
to present the case in an efficient and expeditious manner.
DATED a ,t Toronto, Ontario, this 2nd day of January
1987.
P. Knopf, Vice-Chairman