HomeMy WebLinkAbout1985-0895.Cooke.87-11-06Between:
0895185
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
OPSEU (Steven Cooke)
and
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Community and Social Services)
Employer
Before:
For the Griever:
For the Employer:
Hearing:
Vice Chairman
Member
Member
R. L. Kennedy
J. D. McManus
L. D. Foreman
J. A. Ryder, Q.C.
COU”Sel
Gowling & Henderson
Barristers and Solicitors
D. Coste”
Counsel
Legal Services Branch
Ministry of Community & Social SerViCeS
August 26, 1987
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AWARD
In a grievance filed August 6, 1985 the Grievor alleges that
he was improperly denied the posted position of a Behavioural
Counsellor and claims appointment to the job forthwith with pay
and benefits retroactive to July 19, 1985, the date the job was
awarded to another employee. The Union claim as asserted on the
hearing, however, sought to set aside the competition leading to
the appointment to the job on the ground that the competition was
unfair and invalid, and the relief sought was that the matter be
referred back and that the competition be rerun. The successful
candidate for the job received notification of the hearing and
was in attendance and participated in providing evidence and
making comment to the Board.
The job in question was that of a Behavioural Counsellor and
was posted pursuant to the provisions of the Collective Agreement
on June 10, 1985. The job was classified as a Child Care
Worker 3 (Atypical) and was related to the Home Behaviour
Training Programme of the Children's Psychiatric Research
Institute in London, Ontario. The job involved working
principally with parents of children with~developmental handicaps
and required the incumbent to work with these parents principal!?
in their homes to assist the parents in dealing more effective!.:
with the problems of their children. Prior to May of 1985, there
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were two incumbents in the position of Behavioural Counsellor
working in the Home Behaviour Training Programme who were part of
the classified Civil Service. In addition, since approximately
September of 1984 there had been a contract position of
Behavioural Counsellor, and the incumbent in that contract
position was ultimately the successful candidate on the job
posting in question. In May the programme received approval to
establish an additional permanent position, and accordingly, the
job posting for that permanent position took place in June of
1985. At the time the contract position was created in September
of 1984, it was totally uncertain whether a permanent position
would be ultimately created, and no assurances were given by,the
Employer with respect to that contract position that it would in
any way lead to a permanent position.
Since May of 1979 the Grievor has been employed at the
Children‘s Psychiatric Research Institute as a Child Care
Worker 2. In that capacity he has worked as a Counsellor with
in-patient adolescents who are mentally retarded or who have
behavioural or emotional problems. In addition to working with
the children, he has on an ongoing basis some contact in
reporting to parents and counselling them, although in cross-
examination he acknowledged that at the time of the grievance his
involvement with parents was minimal. His contact would appear
to be mainly as a conduit of information to the parents. The
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Griever's performance appraisals have been consistently very
favourable.
The Grievor was one of 11 applicants for the position, and
ultimately nine of those applicants were interviewed and
evaluated. The interviews and evaluations were carried out by
Dr. Jack Albin, the Chief Psychologist in charge of the Home
Behaviour Training Programme, and Dan Heard, the Personnel
Director of the Institute. A series of questions was developed
to put to all applicants in a personal interview, and each of
Albin and Heard made written notes with respect to each applicant
outlining the responses to the questions and the evaluation and
weighting assigned to the various questions. In view of the
nature of the Union objection to the process, it is not necessary
to review in detail the evidence which we received as to the
nature of the questions and answers and the methods of evaluation
applied by the evaluators. Suffice it to say that the questions
were indeed accurate and relevant measures of an applicant's
qualification and ability to perform the required duties of the
job, and that such questions were fairly put to each of the
candidates in equivalent circumstances.. It is equally clear on
the evidence, and it is this aspect that is stressed by the
Union, that in evaluating the answers of the candidates, both of
the evaluators recognized the experience, qualifications and
ability of the candidate, Jackie White, which she had gained by
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virtue of being the incumbent in the contract position of
Behavioural Counsellor during the period from September of 1984
until the time of the job posting. In framing the questions that
were to be used on the competition, there was no attempt to
design questions or to evaluate answers in a manner that would
eliminate the effect of the experience gained by Miss White
during the period of her incumbency in the contract position.
The questions and the evaluations were designed to select the
best candidate including full recognition of Miss White's
experience.
In conducting the interviews and completing the evaluations
Dr. Albin and Mr. Heard did not compare notes or discuss their
respective evaluations until the process was completed for all
candidates. Each of them rated Jackie White as the best
candidate, and each of them placed the Grievor in third position.
They each placed a different individual in second position. They
were also aware of the candidates' past performance appraisals,
and the candidates' supervisors were consulted.
Before dealing specifically with the main issue asserted by
the Union, there is one other aspect of the evidence that
requires comment. The Grievor testified with respect to certain
discussions he had had with.Dr. Albin during the two or three
years prior to the grievance from which the Grievor had concluded
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that Dr. Albin was predisposed to appointing only women to the
positions of Behavioural Counsellor in his programme. There can
be no question that some discussions did take place between the
two and that the Grievor definitely expressed an interest in
getting involved in Dr. Albin's programme. However, their
recollections of those discussions differ to some extent, and
having heard both of them, it would be the Board's conclusion
that Dr. Albin's testimony more accurately reflects the totality
of the general tenure of the discussions between them and is more
consistent with the balance of probabilities in all the
circumstances. The two are well acquainted and indeed it would
appear frequently jog together. The Grievor commented to Dr.'.
Albin that there were a lot of women in the programme and asked
when Dr. Albin was going to hire a guy like the Grievor into the
programme, and the Grievor stressed to Dr. Albin the fact that
the Grievor was a good father, and he felt this to be an
important qualification in equipping him to deal with the parents
of disturbed children. Dr. Albin responded that there were a
number of other issues to be considered in dealing with the
appropriateness of a candidate to be selected to the position and
that there would be some potential difficulties for a male
counsellor of which the Grievor should be aware. The Grievor did
enquire as to what would be his chances of getting into the
programme and what he should do to improve his qualifications,
and Dr. Albin made two specific suggestions. He advised the
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Grievor to talk to the Unit Psychologist to see if the Grievor
could increase his role in making home visits. Secondly, Dr.
Albin suggested the Grievor talk to the present incumbents in then
job to find out more about the nature of the programme and the
work involved. There was no evidence that the Grievor followed
those suggestions. We would conclude from the evidence that Dr.
Albin did nothing to discourage the Grievor from applying for a
position and simply did his best to outline all the
considerations which the Grievor should keep in mind. We would
conclude that there is no support for an argument that the
Grievor was in any way prejudiced in the competition or
discriminated against because of his sex.
Article 4 of the Collective Agreement deals with the posting
and filling of vacancies or new positions. Article 4.3 provides
as follows:
In filling a vacancy, the Employer shall give primary
consideration to qualifications and ability to perform
the required duties. Where qualifications and ability
are relatively equal, length of continuous service
shall be a consideration.
It was argued by the Union that a competition under Article 4
must be fair to be valid. Therefore, the result cannot be
predetermined, and any such predetermined result is invalid even
in the absence of bad faith. The basis for the argument that the
i,
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competition was unfair and invalid rested on three grounds.
First, the questions and the interview process stressed the on-
the-job experience gained by Jackie White during her period of
incumbency in the contract position. Second, Dr. Albin agreed
that Jackie White was a better candidate because of the
experience she.had had. This was unfair to the Grievor who could
have benefitted from the same experience. Third, no attempt was
made in the questioning to neutralize the advantage that Miss
White had gained, and therefore that experience had a substantial
impact on the outcome. Reference was made to the decision of
this Board in Timleck 1444/84 (R. J. Delisle November 7, 1986.)
In summary, the Union's position was that the unfairness alleged
with respect to the competition was in the granting of the
experience to the successful candidate and the failure to
neutralize that experience in the competition. It was argued
that the Employer must design the questions and the evaluation
procedure to eliminate the advantage that the Employer has
conferred on the incumbent in the position.
The simple issue to be decided on this arbitration is
whether or not in evaluating these candidates the Employer was
entitled to take into account the qualifications and ability of
the candidate Jackie White attributable to the time she had spent
as an incumbent in the position as a contract employee. It is
our decision that the consideration of such qualification and
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ability by the Employer in no way contravenes the Collective
Agreement between the parties. Article 4 requires the Employer
to consider the qualifications and ability of all candidates to
perform the required duties and places no constraints as to the
basis upon which any particular candidate acquires such
qualification and ability. It is not challenged that Miss White
was a legitimate applicant for the position, and she is entitled
to have her qualifications and ability evaluated as they may
exist from whatever source. We would agree with counsel for the
Union that the competition held pursuant to Article 4 must be
fair to be valid. However, such fairness cannot justify the
rejection of particular qualifications or abilities of particular
applicants unless the Collective Agreement so provides, or unless
the Employer is in some way acting in bad faith or in
contravention of the Collective Agreement in conferring some
particular benefit or advantage on a candidate. Each candidate
brings to the competition his or her own particular combination
of native skill, education and work experience, and is entitled
to have all of those aspects considered in the job competition.
Only a contractual provision or a situation where the Employer
has improperly conferred a benefit on a particular candidate can
justify or require the selection committee from excluding some
aspect of a candidate's qualifications and ability. For example,
it is usual, in decisions of this Board where job competitions
are referred back to the Employer to be reconsidered, to direct
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the Employer not to consider the experience gained by the
successful candidate as a result of the improperly run
competition. Similarly, in Timleck, the decision of this Board
relied upon by counsel for the Union, it is stated at p. 4 that
the grievor had been disadvantaged by her lack of knowledge and
experience in the job. However, it would appear from the
decision that the conduct of the Employer that was improper was
the original placing of people in the job two years prior to that
grievance, and it was, therefore, too late to challenge the
action. However, it is implicit in the decision that whatever
unfairness existed to the grievor was relevant because it arose
out of an improper action on the part of the Employer. In the
case before us, however, no challenge is offered to the propriety
of the creation of the contract position and the placing of Miss
White in that position. Miss White, therefore; acquired her
qualifications and ability from performing the job in fully
legitimate circumstances wherein the Employer has in no sense
contravened the Collective Agreement. Union counsel agreed with
the Board when we suggested that had a candidate gained the
experience by working in the job at some time in the past, and
then'left the position for some other job, that earlier
experience would properly be considered by the selection board.
We see no difference in substance between that situation and the
situation here where Miss White gained her experience from an
appropriate and legitimate appointment to the job as a contract
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position. It was argued by Union counsel that the situation was
not equivalent to an earlier period of time in the same job when
it was a contract position that ultimately developed into the
permanent job. His reasoning was that if that were permitted, it
would enable management to substantially avoid the job
competition and the rights created in Article 4 simply by
creating contract positions and appointing people to them and
then making them permanent positions and having a spurious
competition in which the incumbent could succeed. If that
hypothetical situation does exist, however, it certainly does not
exist in the factual circumstances that are before us. When the
contract position was created, it is clear that there was no'
certainty as to how long it would exist or whether a permanent
position would ultimately be created. There existed no vacancies
in the classified service for this position at that time, and it,
therefore, in no sense represents an attempt to avoid filling a
classified position. When approval was ultimately obtained for a
permanent position, the Collective Agreement was immediately
complied with, and the job was posted, and in seeking that job,
the incumbent in the position is a permissible candidate and is
entitled to rely on the extent of all of her experience and
qualifications in the subsequent evaluation. Only if the
Employer has previously acted in a manner that contravenes the
Collective Agreement or has acted in bad faith in giving a
particular employee the advantage of experience in the job,
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should that experience be excluded. If the Union allegation is
that the Employer is, in fact, using such a process to circumvent
the legitimate functions of the Collective Agreement, the onus
will be on the Union to establish that fact, and then there may
well be a basis for arguing for the exclusion of consideration of
.the earlier experience. That is not the situation on the
evidence before us.
In the result, the gr ,ievance is dismissed.
DATED this .6th day ofNovember, 1987.
J. D. McManus -, Member
L. D. Foreman _ member