HomeMy WebLinkAbout1985-1542.Rao.88-09-01 DecisionO N J A RIO
CROWN EMPLOYEES
G RI EVAN C E
SETTLEMENT
BOARD
EMPlOYÉS DE LA COURONNE
DE L'ONTARIO
COMMISSION DE
RÈGLEMENT
DES GRIEFS
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Be tween :
Before :
TELEPHONE/TÉLÉPHONE
(416) 598-0688
IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION
Under
THE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT
Before
THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD
OPSEU (Jyothi Rao)
Grievor
and
The Crown in Right of Ontario
(Ministry of Community and Social Services)
Employer
B. Fisher
H. O'Regan
M. O'Toole
Vice Chairman
Member
Member
For the Grievor: N. Roland
Counsel
Cornish & Associates
Barristers and Solicitors
For the Employer: C. Slater
Solicitor
Legal Services Branch
Ministry of Community and Social Services
Hearings : October 15, 1087
May 2, 1988
DECISION
This case involves the determination initially its to whether the grievor
resigned her employment or whether she was constructively dismissed. The employer is
not alleging just cause, therefore, if this Board finds that the grievor was constructively
dismissed, then the employer agrees that an appropriate order would be re-instatement
with full back pay.
If, on the other hand, this Board finds that the grievor voluntarily
resigned, then a new hearing will be scheduled to determine whether or not the
Grievance Settlement Board has authority under Section 19 of the Public Service Act to
review the decision of the Minister with respect to the withdrawing of a resignation.
It was agreed that for the first part of this hearing we would only hear evidence as to
the events up to and including December 5,1985 which was the date upon which the
grievor purported to withdraw her resignation.
The grievor joined the Ministry in March, 1973 as a Social Worker I. She
became a Social Worker II after 3 months. She has worked at the Orillia facility
throughout her employment with the Ministry.
The grievor seems to have had a lot of problems with her direct supervisor,
Mrs. Griffin. In October, 1983 the grievor made a request to be transferred to a
different supervisor, however, this request was turned down by management. The
grievor testified that she was in fact having problems with Mrs. Griffin as far back as
1979. According to the grievor, the basis of the conflict had four aspects:
1. Case Management
They disagreed over case management, that is, the manner in which actual matters were
handled;
2. Assignment of Work
The grievor objected to being given different work assignments and different areas of
responsibilities;
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3. Performance Appraisal
The grievor disagreed with her appraisals;
4. Personality Conflict With Supervisor.
Starting in August, 1985, the grievor started having health problems involving
loss of weight, poor sleeping, headaches and a fever. In early November, she requested
a leave of absence without pay for two weeks for medical reasons. She was told by her
manager that if she was going to apply for leave of absence, she had to put in a formal
application using the appropriate government forms. She did so a few days later,
however, she
now applied for six weeks' Ieave of absence and put forth as her reason
simply "personal reasons". Immediately after putting in the application for leave of
absence, she did not go to work as she claimed she was ill during this period of time.
The employer on November 18,1985 denied her the six week leave of absence. There
were also some problems between the grievor and her supervisor regarding the adequacy
of various medical certificates submitted by Mrs. Rao during this period of time.
Mrs. Rao seemed to become extremely frustrated at this process and viewed the actions
of management as being indicative of their lack of trust in her.
The important events revolve around November 29,1985, the day upon which
the grievor submitted her written letter of resignation. She arrived at work at her
normal time at 8:15 a.m. and met with Mrs. Griffin regarding Mrs. Griffin's request for
medical certificates. This meeting did not resolve the issues between the parties as
Mrs. Griffin continued to deny sick leave entitlement to Mrs. Rao for some of the days
in which she was absent. Mrs. Rao attempted to contact Mr. Seymour, the supervisor
of Mrs. Griffin, but she was unable to get a hold of him because he was busy.
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Mrs. Rao indicated that this was one of the saddest days in her life. She
felt that, after working this long for the Ministry, they should have believed her
regarding her sickness.
She indicated that she could not take it anymore and that it
was not worth it. She did
not speak to the Union Steward that day, however, she did
discuss her intention to resign with her co-workers. They were emphatic in telling her
not to resign. At first she drafted a resignation letter which stated her real reason for
leaving, that is, she could not take the stress anymore but she decided to throw out that
draft. She
made a couple of drafts of her resignation letter and finally drafted the one
which was marked
as Exhibit 29. That letter is set forth in its entirety as follows:
MEMORANDUM
To: Mr. M.R Seymour Acting Manager, Community Services
Work Supervsor.
Date: 198511 29
cc:
All members of the Community Services Department.
Human Resources. Business Office.
In order or me to supervise our family businesses in Orillia and Toronto, and to spend
shall be terminating my employment on December 27,1985
It is rather difficult for me to say ''Good Bye" to all Q you and the staff members at
community) I made with best intentions and pride. I shall cherish some of the pleasant working experiences at the Centre.
Wishing you all a very happy Christmas and prosperous New Year.
time with my family) I decided to resign from my lengthy employment at this Centre. I
the Centre. Whatever contribution I may have made to the department, Centre, and the
Jyothi Rao M.S.W, C.S.W.
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She indicated in her testimony that the reason she set forth in the
memorandum, that is that she wanted to supervise her family businesses and spend time
with her family, was false but she put that reason down
so that her work record with
the Ministry would be clean.
She had Sue Goldsmith, the department secretary, type up the letter from a
handwritten draft that she had prepared. She distributed this letter to Mr. Seymour by
inserting it into his mailbox and she personally delivered a copy of the letter to
Mrs. Griffin. She left the additional copies for her secretary to distribute. She stated
that her mental state that day was one of anger and sadness and that she did not eat
well. Later that day she also prepared a handwritten document to the personnel
department asking them to provide her with the necessary forms on the following
Monday that she would
be required to fill out as a result of her resignation. On cross-
examination, she indicated that she gave
one month’s notice because she realized it
would take some time to clean up her files. The grievor admits that at no time did
either Mrs. Griffin or Mr. Seymour or any member of management ask her to resign, nor
did anyone ever tell her that she would be terminated or that her employment was in
jeopardy at all. She drafted the resignation letter while in her office and therefore no
member of management had anything to do with her writing of the letter. Mrs. Rao
also had a discussion with Mrs. Griffin on the day of her resignation after she had
already handed in the resignation letter. This discussion centered mostly around
whether or not the medical certificates previously submitted by Mrs. Rao were sufficient
and there was some discussion as to whether or not resignation was the best thing. At
no time during this conversation did Mrs. Rao indicated any reluctance to resign.
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When she left work on November 29,1985 she felt better. However, when
she got home, she started to realize she had made the wrong decision. She said that
over the weekend she realized she really liked her job, notwithstanding the problems
with her supervisor and furthermore, she had
no other job to go to. When she returned
to work on the Monday she spoke to a co-worker, Mr. George Menu, regarding
withdrawing resignations.
He suggested that she speak to Mr. Middleton, the Union
Steward, which she did. Mr. Middleton told her that she could withdraw her resignation
within five days
of handing it in. She had this conversation with Messrs. Menu and
Middleton on Monday, December 2, 1985. However, she did not draft a letter revoking
her resignation on December 2nd. In fact, she waited three more days, that is until
December 5,1985 to hand in the letter. On December 5,1985 she submitted a letter to
Mrs. Griffin and Mr. Seymour which contained the following paragraph:
Upon further consideration, I am withdrawing my resignation as I have enjoyed working at H.R C. and decided to continue working and furthermore, family business matters are now well settled.
However, prior to that, on December 4,1985, management had already sent
Mrs. Rao a letter, although she had not yet received it, which indicated they had
accepted her resignation dated November 29,1985. The grievor had no explanation for
the delay of three days other than she thought she had five days to make her decision
and that
is why she took four days. Mrs. Rao indicated that she made up her mind to
retract her resignation on Monday, December
2,1985.
Mrs. Griffin gave evidence on behalf of the employer. A lot of her evidence
related to the various meetings and discussions she had with Mrs. Rao in the months
prior to the incident in question, however, it is not necessary
to repeat that evidence in
detail. However, Mrs. Griffin testified that in a meeting with the grievor and
Mr. Seymour on November 6th in which there was a discussion regarding the leave of
absence for six weeks, Mrs. Rao indicated that in addition to the six weeks’ leave of
absence, she would be asking for permission to take her one month’s vacation in January
and after that, she might resign. It is interesting to note that given Mrs. Rao’s plans,
she would have been reporting back to work for a few days in December. This was
because Mrs. Rao had found out from the personnel department that in order to be
entitled to receive benefits during that period, she had to work at least one day during
the month. Mrs. Griffin said she had no knowledge of Mrs. Rao’s resignation until
Mrs. Rao handed in the letter of resignation
on November 29,1985. When she received
it she was not totally surprised because Mrs. Rao had previously mentioned this family
business and Mrs. Griffin thought that it was a reasonable thing for Mrs.
Rao to do.
Mr. Seymour was the next management witness called. He testified that in the
November 6th meeting, Mrs. Rao indicated that she was
going to return to work on
December 27th, work a few days and then take her vacation for the entire month of
January.
I note that there was an exclusionary order so that Mr. Seymour did not hear
Mrs. Griffins’ testimony.
Mr. Seymour met with the grievor on November 27, 1985, two days before she
resigned, at which time they discussed various things including the leave of absence.
Mrs. Rao indicated that she was shocked to have been refused a leave of absence and
again, Mr. Seymour explained the reason why it was refused. He asked her if she was
having any personal problems and she replied that she was not. He also reminded her
of the Employee Assistance Program which
is provided by management to benefit
employees who are having medical or psychological problems. She indicated that she
was happy in her job and that she found it very rewarding. Mrs. Rao said at that time
that she had felt rundown in the past but now she was rested and foresaw no problems
and that she was now not going to take a vacation in January after all. The next thing
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Mr. Seymour had to do with the case was receiving the letter of resignation on
November
29, 1985. He was surprised to receive it given the uplifting tone of
Mrs. Rao’s comments
only two days previous. Mr. Seymour responded to the resignation
letter on December 4th because he wanted to check with the Human Resource Department
as to the correct formality of receiving a letter of resignation and also he had other
things to do at the time.
The last witness for the employer was Susan Gilcrest, the Human Resource
representative at the facility where Mrs. Rao worked, She recalled a meeting with
Mrs. Rao at the end of October or the beginning of November, 1985 in which the
relationship between leave of absences and benefits was discussed.
Mrs. Rao asked
about the procedure and was told that if she was off for a calender month she would
have problems continuing her benefits. She said that if she wanted to continue her
benefits she had to at least work one day
in that month.
It is clear from a review of the case law that if the grievor truly and freely
made up her mind to resign, then she can not withdraw her resignation in the sense that
she
can change her mind. If that is what happened, then Section 19 of the Public
Service Act is called into play and the Deputy Minister has at least some say, if not a
complete say, as to whether or not the employee can withdraw her resignation.
Therefore, if the Union
is to succeed, they must show that the grievor did in fact not
truly resign, that
is, she did not have at the time of her resignation a true and free
intention to permanently sever the employment relationship.
There is no serious accusation by the Union that Mrs. Rao was forced to
resign. The evidence is quite clear that management did not know of Mrs. Rao’s
resignation until such time as she submitted it and the best that can be said on behalf
of the Union with respect to this matter is that Mrs. Rao felt that she was under
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sufficient pressure because of the problems regarding her leave of absence that the only
way out she had was to resign. It is interesting to note that Mrs. Rao could have
filed a grievance regarding the denial of sick leave but she chose not to. Clearly, the
correct route for someone to take when they feel that their employer is mistreating them
with respect to things like sick leave and leave
of absence is to file a grievance.
The real question in this case is whether or not there is sufficient evidence
before the Board which shows that the grievor had the true intent to resign. The case
law seem to be quite consistent that the evidence must show both an objective and
subjective element of the resignation. In other words, first that the employee formed an
intention to quit and secondly, he carried out an act which was inconsistent with his
further employment. However, notwithstanding the traditional use
of this test, it is
important to keep track of the fact that the purpose of creating this test is simply so
that the Arbitrator can be properly satisfied that the employee had a clear intention to
resign and that his
actions were not simply an emotional outburst arising out of anger or
job frustration that really was not a manifestation of an intent by the employee to
permanently sever his employment relationship.
Looking at the facts in this case, there is no question that the letter of
resignation is clear and unequivocal and therefore, no problem arises out of interpreting
the letter itself. However, in addition there
is, in the Board’s opinion, ample evidence
to
support the contention that Mrs. Rao intended to quit on November 29,1985 and that
her subsequent actions simply indicated
a change of mind rather than the lack of her
forming an initial intention to resign. The Board notes specifically the following
evidence which would serve as objective confirmation of her letter of resignation:
1. On the same day she resigned, she sent a note to the personnel department
asking for them to process the necessary papers regarding her resignation;
2.
Mrs. Griffin in which she repeated that she was resigning and indicated no confusion at
that time with her decision;
3.
rejected it;
4.
5.
6.
department wide;
7. The letter itself was well-drafted and internally logical;
8. She had the foresight and rationale to create a false reason in the resignation
letter. She did this
so that she would have a clear record, in other words, so that she
could more easily obtain alternative employment later. One would have thought that if it
was an emotional outburst, then she would have used stronger language and made specific
reference to the true reason she
was resigning. However, she was concerned enough
about her future job prospects that she thought up this alternative reason for her
resignation;
9.
the spur of the moment, without proper thought, you would tend to think that they
would resign immediately and not give notice but she recognized her obligation to clean
up her files before she left. Moreover, one month’s notice is quite adequate in the
circumstances and again shows that she thought out the situation before signing the
letter;
Following her resignation she had a calm and rational discussion with
She received the advise of her colleagues not to resign and she consciously
She had prepared numerous drafts of the actual resignation letter;
She had a secretary type the resignation letter from an earlier draft;
She personally delivered the resignation letter and the distribution itself was
She gave one month’s notice of her resignation. Again, if one is acting on
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10.
resignation on the Monday following the Friday that she handed in her resignation, that
is December 2nd. She was incorrectly told by her Union Steward that she had five days
to withdraw her resignation but the important part of this evidence is that she thought
Most importantly, she learned of her apparent ability to withdraw her
she had five days to revoke her resignation. She then took another three days before
handing in her letter of withdrawal. She indicated to the Board that she had firmly
made up her mind to withdraw her resignation on December 2nd and simply waited until
December 5th because
she thought she had that much time. However, this is entirely
inconsistent with the Union’s submission that the letter of resignation that was submitted
on the Friday did not indicate a true intention to quit. Certainly she had the whole
weekend to think things over and if she came to the realization on Monday that she did
not intend to quit, it is difficult to conceive that someone would not bring that to the
attention of their employer immediately.
The actions of Mrs. Rao, however, are entirely consistent with her resigning
on Friday and then over the next week deciding whether or not to change her mind.
She indicated she thought about it
a lot over the weekend and one can assume that she
discussed this matter with her family. It was at this time that she realized that she
had no other job to go to and perhaps she made herself believe that she really enjoyed
her job. On returning to work on Monday
she now discovered, apparently for the first
time, that she could in fact change her mind, however, she probably at that point had
not decided whether or not she truly wanted to resign and that is why she took the
extra three days in deciding. Over the next three days she undoubtedly went over in
her mind numerous times whether
or not she wanted to stay with the Ministry, then
ultimately,
on December 5,1985 she decided she wanted to stay with the Ministry and
thereby submitted her letter of withdrawal. On the evidence this Board finds that
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Mrs. Rao formed a true intention to resign her employment on November 29, 1985 and
thereafter she simply was making up her mind as to whether or not she wanted to
withdraw her resignation.
The Board, therefore, asks that the parties contact the Registrar of the
Grievance Settlement Board to arrange a second hearing date so that the following two
issues can be resolved:
1.
the Deputy Minister pursuant to Section 19 of the Public Service Act in refusing to
accept the withdrawal notice of the grievor?
2.
case properly refuse to accept the letter of withdrawal of Mrs. Rao?
Does the Grievance Settlement Board have jurisdiction to review a decision of
If the answer to question #1 is "Yes”, then did the Deputy Minister in this
Dated on the 1st day of September, 1988.
Barry B. Fisher, vice Chairman