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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1988-1324.Eldon.89-08-30 " ONTARIO EMPLOYES DE LA COURONNE ' e ....~'~.. CROWN EMPLOYEES DE L 'ONTARIO GRIEVANCE CQMMISSION DE SETTLEMENT REGLEMENT BOARD DES GRIEFS 180 DUNDAS STREET WEST, TORONTO, ONTARIO. MSG 17-8- SUITE 2100 TELEPHONE/T~'L~PHONE '80, RUE DUNDAS OuEST, TORONTO, ~ONTARIO) M.SG ,ZS- BUREAU 2100 (41~)~1~-~ 8 IN THE MATTER OF AN ARBITRATION Under TBE CROWN EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVE BARGAINING ACT Before THE GRIEVANCE SETTLEMENT BOARD Between: OPSEU {~ldon) Grievor - and - The Crown in Right of Ontario (Ministry of Transportation) Employer Before: J.W. Samuels Vice-Chairperson F. Taylor Member H. Roberts Member For the Grievor: S. Ursel Counsel Cornish & Associates Barristers & Solicitors For the Employer: D. Francis Counsel Winkler, Filion & Wakely Barristers & Solicitors ~e&rings: May 9, 1989 July 18, 1989 July 19, 1989 DECISION Howard Eldon is a Senior Technician--Plans in the Ministry's Northern:Region office at North Bay. He is classified as a Drafter 2; He says he :is improperly classified and seeks reclassification to Data Processing Technician 6 ("DPT6") or to some other more appropriate classification. Mr. Eldon is one of 22 Senior Technician Plans in the North Bay office. They are all classified as Drafter 2, except for one man who is a DPT6. There are four Plans Examiners, classified as Drafter 3, and three Technician Plans, classified as Drafter 1, These people work in drafting units, each unit consisting of one Plan Examiner and six or seven Technicians. The grievor produces 24 types of legal plans and 12 types of engineering plans, including the most complex projects. "Legal" surveys are done for registration in a registry office. They show the metes and bounds of property and highway access. "Engineering" plans show the details of highway structure, views from the air, profiles, cross-sections, bridge structures. The grievor is provided with information from the field by surveyors.' These handwritten field~ notes contain measurements, observations and sketches. The grievor performs complex mathematical operations to check the field information and to prepare it for presentation on plans, m'~d then he draws the plans. Mr. Eldon is an old hand in the office. He's been there since 1964. The computation and drawing used to be done with pen and paper. Later hand calculators assisted in the calculations. Today almost all his work is done on the computer. There are programs to do the' calculations necessary to check the field notes, and to prepare the raw data for presentation on plans. There are graphics programs to prepare the material for the drawings, which are done on a plotter. The grievor is in the forefront in the use of the computer. Since 1972, he has been taking 3 courses to update his knowledge as new computer programs for the draftsman have become available. Recently, the Ministry has introduced a r~ew automated survey technique, known as total stationing. The heart of the new system is the field equipment which enables the surveyor to get all his information in one pass through the area to be surveyed. He sets his instrument up in designated places, sights on markers held in place by his assistants, and records the sighting information in a computer attached to the instrument. The computerized data is then taken by the drafting office and refined. This refining process involves checking the information to ensure that the relationship between points of the terrain is correctly recorded. The recording system revolves around "strings"--that is, sets of points which are connected to form a feature, for example the edge of a road. Digital terrain models are prepared. Then other computer programs are used to prepare the plans. The grievor does not yet do the initial massaging of the total stationing field data. The technician who manipulates the computerized data is classified as a Data Processing Technician 6. However, the grievor assists the DPT6 in his work, because the DPT6 relies on the grievor to produce an image on the computer screen of the field from the total stationing data. Once the DPT6 sees the screen image, he knows where corrections are needed and he can make the required changes in the total stationing data in the mainframe computer. We'll turn now to the computer programs which the grievor uses. Most of these were developed or refined by the Ministry. We had the pleasure of hearing the testimony of Mr. F. Rohoman, now the Ministry's Head of Automated Systems in the Surveys and Plans Office in Toronto. MTC-COGO ("COGO" stands for "coordinate geometry") solves most of the analytic geometry problems encountered in .surveying and civil 4 engineering. By means of various commands, the grievor can put a northing and easting on every.point he puts into the computer. This fixes the point on the resultant plan. 'ICES-COGO is the larger program from which MTC-COGO was developed. By means of various commands, the grievor uses ICES-COGO to put on spiral curves and to set stations. CONVER is used together with the COGO programs to convert imperial units to metric, or vice-versa; or to convert the grid system into a ground system, or vice-versa, it can also be used to convert the total stationing language into AUTOCAD, which is used for design and drawing and will be discussed in a moment. CAT ("Closure-Area-Tangentiality") is used primarily to calculate the area of a space enclosed by a defined perimeter. It can also be used to do various trigonometric and geometric functions, calculation of a missing course, calculation of an arc and delta based on chord and radius, and testing of tangentiality at the beginning and the end of a curve. These programs perform the calculations which the grievor does to check the field notes and to prepare the data for drawing. Then he tums to the graphics programs. AUTOCAD is the basic computer-assisted drafting program. The geographic and geometric co-ordinates produced by ICES-COGO or MTC- COGO are fed into AUTOCAD. AUTOCAD enables the grievor to see the plan on his computer screen and to make necessary adjustments before the actual drawing is made, for example symbols for various ground features can be added. I-IORVER is a horizontal and vertical control plotting system. It produces a drawing which ties in the field monumentation to the centre line of the road. 5 LEPLOT ("Legal-Engineering-PLOT") is used to create special graphical instruction for the plotters. The geographic and geometric co- ordinates produced by ICES-COGO or MTC-COGO are fed into LEPLOT. The grievor enters the appropriate LEPLOT commands to generate the drawing he wants. SPProf ("Surveys and Plans Profile") is used to prepare a profile plan directly from field notes. The grievor also uses SPF ("System Productivity Facility") to refine the computer system itself. SPF facilitates the manipulation of text. It enables the user to command the machine to do various operations with text, for example to assign program functions to certain keys so that frequently performed operations can be done with the touch of a key. Is the grievor properly classified? The Drafter Series commences with a Preamble (appended to this award as Appendix 1), whose first words are "In general, employee work assignments' in this Series require the exercise of manual skill in the manipulation of drafting tools, and the utilization of knowledge of technical procedures, engineering practices and mathematics in order to complete clear accurate plans". The class standard for Drafter 2 then goes on to describe the kind of drafting work to be done. It is "complex drafting work". The whole standard is appended to this award as Appendix 2. The fundamental issue in this case is whether the computer is merely a "drafting tool". Or has Mr. Eldon's job moved beyond "the exercise of manual skill in the manipulation of drafting tools"? It is true, as the Ministry argues, that the grievor's final product is essentially the same today as it was twenty years ago. But that is not the end of the matter. 6 If a hole is to be dug in the ground, one could employ a man with a shovel or a man with a steamshovel. The final product .will be the same, but these two workers are fundamentally different. The first man is a manual labourer. He can produce the hole, but he brings to the job no more than muscle, and the job will take a very long time. The second man is a machine operator. He brings to the job a knowledge of how to mn the machine which will do the job, and as a consequence he can do the job in a brief period. The computer has been progressively introduced into the drafting office because it can increase the productivity of the employees substantially. Mr. Rohoman and his subordinates are very valuable assets to the people of this province. Their work enables surveys and plans to be produced far more efficiently than in the past. And the development continues. But there's no advance in productivity until people like Mr. Eldon become proficient in the use of the new technology. Mr. Eldon is a very experienced draftsman. He knows his work inside and out. But he is more than a draftsman. He has become a very experienced and knowledgeable computer operator. This has changed the way he does his work dramatically. He has become a much more valuable employee to the Ministry as a result of his increasing expertise in the new technology. He no longer digs a hole with a shovel. He rolls up to the job in the moming in a steamshovel. There can be no better example of his increased capacity than the part he played in the introduction of total stationing in the Northern Region. Mr. D. Stewart, the DPT6, could work with the electronic field data on the mainframe. But it was essential for Mr. Stewart to see the product of this data, to see a picture of the digital terrain model, so that he would know where changes and corrections were needed. There were two ways he could do this he could command the plotter to produce a 7 drawing, and then wait for the drawing to see what the data produced (this might take quite a bit of time); or he could download the data into the grievor's mini-computer, where the grievor could use AUTOCAD to produce a picture of the model on the computer screen. This was quick and efficient. Mr. Stewart could see where changes and corrections were necessary, go back to the mainframe and make the changes, then have the grievor put the corrected version up on the screen, and so on. The grievor's expertise in the use of the computer enabled a much more efficient manipulation of the total stationing data. The grievor has not only learned new skills and acquired valuable experience, the Ministry employs these skills and this experience. His job now requires that he exercise these skills and call on this experience. In our view, it can no longer be said that the grievor simply exercises "manual skill in the manipulation of drafting tools". Therefore, his job is not properly classified in the Drafter Series. Would he be properly classified as a Data Processing Technician 6? The Preamble to the Data Processing Technician Series follows this award as Appendix 3. This Preamble commences "This series covers the positions of employees in ali ministries of government who are involved in the operations side of automatic data processing". The gdevor is involved in the automatic processing of surveying data. In the Class Standard for the DPT6 (found as Appendix 4 to this award), the first sentence describes the positions covered by the standard and includes "positions of highly trained technical specialists". This is the grievor's position. And the point is reinforced in the second sentence: These positions require a broad and intensive knowledge of data processing procedures and techniques together with a thorough awareness of the implications of technological change, as well as significant specialized training in the relevant 8 field(s), e.g. in techniques of computer operations, and, usually, a thorough working knowledge of a specialized field, e.g. engineering. This. fits the grievor's position entirely. In our view, the grievor's position would be properly classified as a Data Processing Technician 6. We order that the grievor be reclassified as of twenty days before his grievance was filed, and that he be compensated for any difference in wages and benefits that this change would make. We will remain seized to deal with any matters which arise out of this order and which the parties are unable to agree upon themselves. Done at'London, Ontario, this 30th day of /~u§ust ,1989. -~Samuels,'Vice- ~ rperson F. Taylor, Member ,w<~x.x ~'~ (Addendum attached) H. Roberts, Member ADDENDUM 1324/88 OPSEU (Eldon) - Ministry of Transportation I am persuaded to concur in this award by the reasons the Vice-Chairperson advances in deciding that the grievor, Mr. Eldon, has moved beyond "the exercise of manual skill in the manipulation of drafting tools" and the analogy he uses to show that he has developed expertise in the new technology now being used. The main reason for this addendum is to emphasize that this award should apply only to Mr. Eldon, as being uniquely different in his work, so that the existing DPT6 (Mr. Stewart) and he are dependent on each other in arriving at the final finished product. This award should not be considered as "carte blanche" for all the other employees in the North Bay office classified as Drafter 2, to claim DPT6 level of classification automatically on a "me too" basis. H. Roberts, Member ~ATEr..~>~: Tecnn~ce£ ~e~v~ces ~ ~UP: TS-OR D=af~g, O~s~ and S~S: Drafter ~SS CODE: L2400 =o L2408 'APPENDIX 1 ~T ~-L~% SER~S ~cttL:a~on of ~o~ted~e of ~ec~c~ procedures, en~eer~$ ~rac~ices machemacLc~ ~n c~er ~o complete c~e~ ~ccura~e p~. Such work ~vo~ves ~he prep~a~[c~ ~f va~ou~ en~eec~n~ ~d survey off,ce u~e.. ~d the Supe~*~c~ of dr~f~ func~on~. EXeLL'S.IOX8 ~0H ~ D~O SERIES: Posic~ons ~ wh~;h the' pr~aO' e~phasis i3 on the c~culacion of quasi=its f~m en~iheerin$ plus should he.considered for ~ocac~on co ;he ~neer~ Assis;~ 5eries. Po~I ~ions ~ich considerable .i~uscracive ~ork of a ~raph~c ~d artistic nature ~y be more properly classified ~ the ~erci~ Ar~iJ~ 5erle~. · ~osi~ons ~'hi:h Consis~ of predo~acely clerical duties, bu~ ~'h~=h mequAce some ~nor ~d tacid'en=~ dr~f=in~, should be · f~ly ~y=ed fur possible ~locacioa.=o =he ~eric~ The A~OCa~iOn factors pe~inen: ~o the Draf=sm~ Series may · c,,~{blv from positron ~o posi=ion. H~evec, =he follo~'~ are :he more f~m elemen~' ~ebra ~d [eome~ ~o elements of Orade 13 m~th~t[ca~ It iS impor~ tc ~ow the scope ~d varie~' of mathe~tic~ required, ~d the ava41~b~lity of specific ~idel~es. The '4~[a~ sk~l~ level req~red in a position. ~ree {r~des of ~raf~{ skil~ exist'~ trainee, competent ~d accomplished. Above Oraftsm~ [. sk~l ~eve) ~s no~ly si~niftc~c oaly in com~ation S.~eciall:e~ kno~')ed~e of pert~ent le~slatioa, sum'ey practice, baJAC en~ineerin~ princSples, ~d ~c~'led~e of ~epar~enc~ ~t~da~s~ pro;edures ~d policies. It is ~por~t to ~y:e a~mef~ly the essenti~ n~ture ~d e.~ent Of these, requirements bcfo~ theLr ~[~fic~ce c~ be assessed. The nature ~d exten~ of supe~iso~ control exercised over ~he pos~t~on by a Hi,hem authori~, ~lth~u~h ~ ~he field cf ~e ao~a~ pactel- ~s for ~ completed work to ~e reviewed for Accuracy re~a~less cf ~e ~eve~ at which it was perfc~ed. ~p~r~ce of.. the draf:~ f~c~ion supe~sed, ~he n~be= [e~ei of .tSose ~ositio~s supe~ised, the de&tee of .responsib~i~ ass~ed for completed work ~d for the tr~g of j~ior :t ~us: be emphas~:ed that the s2:e of the draft~& g~oup ~upe~ised is me~gf~ only ~ c~bina~ion w~h ~he position's over~[ duties ~d ~esponsib~i=ies. In some areas, the special:ed nacre ~d comple~ of the work supe~ise~ is-a more sisnific~: factor' ch~. :he si:e of the ~roups. TRAC~ C~SS: , This class is [~iced :o' positrons where the pr~a~ du~ trac~n~ work. S~ple plo~=~ ~d com~u:~ may be a subsidia~ Dlffe~ f~m s~a~ work perfomed a= ~e J~ior Draf~s~ level, trac~ wo~ of =his class i.~ of a hi~her q~l[~, ~d is carried ou: ~der ie~s ~u~e~is[on. O~E~[ NOTE: [, The ~&rac=e~is=ic Duties outlined ~ ~hese specifica:ions reflect the ~r~g f~c~ion~ of the Depar~eh=s of NiEhwa~s, ~d Forests 'and Pubic Wo~s.' A ~ener~ reference =o the activities t~ other Deparmen~s ~s been ~de, both ~ the'Class Delhi:ion ~d ~arac=eriscic Duties. 2, [~ is ve~ ~por=~ when sub~=~S Notations for Promotion ~ :his .. .Series =o suppor= such ~co~endacions ~y ouclinin~ clearly ch~es in :he position's 4u:ies ~d responsibili=ies. Revised. March, .1.962. C~TEGORY ~ Techn~ca% . GROU~: TS-02 O~:aft:Lng, Design and O~ ~der a ~pro~essio~l e~g~eer~ or;desirer, ~h~'per~o~ d~~ work iavolv~g coasi~e~ble m~or ~esl~. ~ase '~pl~eas supe~se · ~11 group of' d~ea.'-per~o~g money,ely complex d~f~img work.'.'..~ work ~er" ~e.geae~l:supe~sioa of senior In:erpre~ su~ convictions, resolv~g m~cr discre~ncies outli~ng ~e ~ture of ~Jor co~lictiona to superiors. ~ke a thorough and ~dependent check of diffic~t s~ plans ~ acco~ance with de~r~ental specifications &nd p~rt~ent leg. islation prior ~o regist~tton ~ ~nd Titles or Re&isc~ Offices, This checkin~ · .. ~'f~ction Is red.ed'.solely ~ terns of res~:s. ' '.-,.': '. ~r be req~red to inst~ct others ~ :he p~ot:~g, compute& Work%~ ~mder the gene~l supervision of a professio~l " engineer or more aenAor d~fts~n, pre.re fi~l bridge design d~vings f~m engineer~g notes, sketches and A~sist in the design of a~pler ~rta of compl= bridge st~ctures. Pre.re all necessa~ detail d~n&a; place 're.forcing steel ~ acco~ance with eng~eer~g ~s:~ctions; pre.re steel schedules · nd q~nti~ estates; pre.re and ~terpret ~-put ~ for electronic computer; mY be requ~ed to inst~ct more junior staff member~. " Under the gene~l aupe~ision of a designer or professional engineer, pre.re fi~2 werking d~ngs and plans related to electrical, mec~nical, at.cruel, ~rchitect~l or engineering. · (over) 9tL~t'T?.R 2 i¢cm'cinuecl) ~LA:$S ~O~£~ 1.2404 A: this level, the draftsmen handle a ccmple:e draf:ing wi:h a mint~num cf df.toe,ion, and are responsible for conside~ble .. minor desi~ Wo~ is reviewed on c~ple~icn. May be required elec~ri~l e~eer~ field, pre,re c~pl~ elec:ri~l houses, and outdoor su~sta:ions. Under direc:icn, de~i~ revise elec~ri~l layouts cn ~1~ pro~ec:s; O~ ~ the archi~e~t~l d~fti~ field, pre,re sec:ic~l ~ews, de~il, election and f~ished work~g drawi~s for residen:~l, office and ~dus:ri~l Wpes cf bulldogs. Responsible for indicating requ~en:s and.pre,ring detzil dr~wings on minor stmc:u~l components such as ex~nsion ~cint~, cop~ de~ails, cabinets, windows, doors, and stai~ys. In ~or supe~iso~ positions, co,elate and compile reference ~terial; assi~ work · aM ou~i~e ~st~c~ions; supply ~echnical ~idance; en{ineerin{ and denrich:a! offic~ls for info~tion and clarification; mke a de:ailed check of completed d~ftint york and calculations prior to a general review by a senior staff member. 1. Grade 12 Secondary. Education, preferably Grade 13 .Hathema~ics, or an equiv~len: CombinatiOn of education and ecperience. 2. Five years as Draftsman 1, or ~ree. yea~s and succ.es~f~ ccmple:icn of ~:ions approved ~- ~e Ci~ ~e~ice Co, ssi.on.. I~ Sections ~here e~m~cions ~re. used Thcrcu~ ~iedte of drafci~ :ec~iques and work pr~ceduresl ~here applt~ble, sold ~owledge of ~hem~ics, br~d ~ders~d~g of a~ prac~ice~ good ~ledge..'.of per~inen~ pro~c~l &nd federal s~es..and de~r~cn~l,.~pecifi~ions: CATEGORY: Office Services GROUP: 05-01 Data Processing SERIES: Da~a Processing Technic£&n CLASS CODE: 31500 =o 31512 APPENDIX 3 DATA This series covers the ~sitio~a of employees En al~ mimistries of &overnment who are /nvolved i~, the ope.ra..~.'o_n_s side, of automat. Lc c~ta processing.. The series is factor~ally described and allocation to level~ is based on the nature and complexity of tke work performed. LNCIiIS I0 N/EXCLUS'~ON CRITERIA: i . Included in the Da=a P~cess~ Tec~ci~ S~ies are ~si~o~ -~e opeTa=ion of eq~en= d~si~ed fo~ the au~matic, el~c=~c~ or elec=~ech~ical proc~ss~ of data such ~ ~d other ~i~' r~co~ equi~t, etec~c cmpu=ers ~ such re~ pe~phe~l e~ent ~ p~te~ ~a~e~ tape ~ - ~he sched~g of mach~e use ~d req~d =~power nee~ ~ch' ~volves es~a~ t~e ~qui~ments, p~jecc ph~es ~d p~orities; ev~lua~ '.~. user needs; ~d ~dit~t ope~tio~: - qu~li~ contel of ~puc ~d output d~ ~qui~ p~cess~& :ec~iques ~d ~volv~ the ~alys~ of the selec:Eon of =ethods ~d p~cedu~es :o ac~eve - :he na~:en~ce ~d custody of mzch~e-readzble d~tz ~d ope~c~& ins:~ction files ~ the fora of p~ch-ca~, czpes, disks~ ~nd =~uals: - :he pro~'isio~ of tec~ical iuid~ce ~o ~ployees en~z&e~ ~ ~y of the above activEties. The performance of this work requires knowledge of data processing techniques a_nd application of r~hese techniques to user requirements. Excluded from this series ar~: ' - pos£cion~ which c~u exist independent of ~ata process~n§ e~v~ronmen~; - positions ~ r~e D~c~ ProcessLu~ area whose prim%cy purpose is the opera.on of equipment for ~ a separa~ se~es p~g~g and ~evelo~en~ of o~za~to~; p~cedu~s, ~d cobuyer se~ces; - liaison posi~io~ ~ user ~reas ~e~ ~e p~e f~c~on ~ ocher ~h~ auco~cic dat~ process~g; - supe~iso~ ~si~io~ res~nsi~le, for · n~ber of ~clud~g ~ ~u~oa~tic dac~.p~cess~ f~c~on, ~ere the l~t~er is ~ubsi~a~ ~o the p~e ohjec~i~ of ~e orga~z~tio~ - ~sitio~ ~ ~i~ ~he pr~ f~c~ou p~cessin~ ~s=allation or a si~ific~ sec=ion ~ereof. Such '( . positio~ shoed be allocated to the Data P~cessinE H~a~er Series. COH PE_~$A BLE FACTORS Eacto~ uhich z~e 5otb reco~ni=~b[e and compensable ~ positions allocated to ~h~s series ~r~: Kno~[edse~ ~espon~£~£]~ty, Decisio~ ~akin§ a~d Con~a¢~. These £~c=o~s ~re define~ a~ follows: i. Knowledge This factor encompa~sc~thc entire range cf knowledge required for an individual to function effectively Em an automatic data proCessin§ or computer-oriented environment. It includes formal education obtained within the educational system, both the academic ~nd data processing disciplJ, ne: trainin~ courses offered by systems a~d equipment manufacturers, consultants, ~d a~plo¥~r; specific on-the-job tr~inin§i experience, ieneral and spe¢iali:ed, obtained both within and ~ithout the data processin~ environment;, and machine oper"at~n§ $ki1_~$. It &lso ~n~ludes :he requirement to keep pace with.a dyuamic technology through continuing education and training, Continued .... PREAMBLE: (continued) CLASS CODE= 31500 - 31512 .... "' I: measures the required level of gener~l, technical ~d syst~s, job con~l l~zge, progr~g, cleric~, manual ~d zupe~iso~ zki~z. ii.Res.~onsibility This factor measures the on-the-job responsibilit'f of a position, e.g. for materials and equipment. It conziders the r~lative"value of all computer ~ad zncillary equipment, materials necessa~ to their operaWion and effective utili:atioa, including .the discretion ~w~ilable for corrective measures in the event of malfunctioning and breakdown az well as preventive maintenance, normal cleaning and adjustment. a~sesses the degree to ~hich accounlmbil.t~y for proper utilization o£ equipment, exists. In the' area o£ opera~ions, it measures the re~pon's£biLit-y for er~surin§ a smoo~h uninterrupted ~ork flow inc~udin~ r. ke proper schedulin§ and co-ordinating of ~ork, the accuracy of input, the effective use of a~ailable resources and the accepr~bil'iry of output. Technical leadership may involve scheduling and assignin§ ~ork, training subordinates and non-eubordinates, audltin~ finished ~ork, a~sessin§ performance, and making recom~endatior~, e.~, p .r~otion$, demotions and salary chon§es. iii. Decision Makin~ This factor measures ~he extent to ~hich procedures and ~he choice of action available are r~utine, semi-routine or non-routine. It considers the degree of super-'ision received and the r~nge and capacity for making decisions as well as the impact of those decisions. iv. Contac ts Ibis ~ac~or measures the res}onsibiliry for working, wi~h or through other people by telephone, correspondence and personal concoct. It considers =he nature and purpose of the required contacts, the frequency with which contacls occur, and the level of per, on con,oozed. IT includes contacts with other employees, other government ~i-istries, outside ~gencics, customers and the general public. (over) -- 3 ( PP~3~B~: (continued) CLASS CO0£: 31500 - 31511 The au%omatic data processing envi~onmen~ h~ been ~ade ~o cons~c~ ~s series ~o ac~oda~ ~pid ~e~olo~c~ ch.e. Use of tec~cal jarlon ~s been avoided whe~ver ~}s'ible, however i~ ~ been necessa~ ~ ~e ~em~olo~ suck as "~u~ "complex" e~c. '~ is subject to ~te~=ion t~e. lccottly~ ~o ~s~ with deflni~ion~ b~c~ark positio~ have be~ selec=ed for each libel of ~hi~ se~s flc~orial ~eus. R~fe~nc~ =o =h~ b~c~a~s for aos~ pa~, p~de ~ple e~l~a~ion ~ =aple of ~he ~e~ of those =ems ~ reli~ed ~o ~t level. ~oca~ion se~es ~$~ =he~fo~ be ~e by ~fe~ce ~ ~ ~e s=~s ~d ~e co~spon~ benc~a~s, as ~e la.er co~tiale ~ 2~t~1 ~ of ~e st~da~s. Benc~a~ ~ be re~ ~ ~e du~es ~d ~sponsibiEtie'l of-selec=e~ ~sitions ~derto si~ifi~ (. January 2, 1972. ~ t GROUP: OS-Of Data Processing  " SER~ES: Data Processing. Technic .. 'i CLASS COO£: 31510 CLASS STANDARD: APPENDIX 4 DATA PR0f:~S$ING TE _C~NICIAN' 6 speci~. These ~sitio~ req~ a b~ad ~d ~tensive ~owled~e ~ s~cia~ed ~4-~-5 ~ ~e a s~ci~ze~ field, e.~. The ~ of the s~ce ~hey a~ frequently ~q~rcd de~s~ ne~ p~ce~res, ~ve~p~g ~vised or new ope~t~$ p~ced~. The~e dec~Eo~ req~ Co, ideation o~ · ~de la~E~de of ~e~a~i~,~or v~ch ~here ~ay be no established ~del~es or precedents. ...... S~ce.~ployees ~ork ~der gene~l supe~sion, seldom subjec~ ~o specifEc ~ficztion or app~val, er~ c~o~ be detected ~e~a~e~y ~d ~ adve~ely affec~ o~er ph~es of ~ consequen~ serious embarrassment, a~/or f~cial loss. There a~ frequen~ con~ac~ ~=h pe~ons bo~ e~emally, often up ~o senior'~evel~, ~o pro,de ~a=ions of.complex tec~2cal ~fo~a~2on, zs ~ell as essen~E~ ~ra~ ~d ~id~ce..These contzc~s require ~c~, ~sc~ion ~d co~per~tion, ~d ~p~per h~d~$ of con~ac~s would h~ve ~ adve~e effec~ on resul~. January 2, 1972